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In the realm of agricultural development, the pursuit of sustainability stands as a paramount objective, necessitating an integration of multifaceted expertise from diverse disciplines. Amidst this pursuit, understanding the perspectives of professionals in both the realms of economy and biology becomes imperative, serving as a cornerstone for innovative strategies. This study examines the viewpoints of economy and biology professionals on multidisciplinary innovations for sustainable agricultural development. Through qualitative analysis of interviews and focus groups, the research identifies key themes and challenges. Participants recognise the need for integrating diverse disciplines to address agricultural sustainability, emphasising the importance of economic viability and technological innovation. However, barriers such as high costs and limited access to resources hinder widespread adoption. Policy recommendations include incentivising sustainable practices and fostering collaboration between stakeholders. The results underscore the significance of multidisciplinary approaches in advancing sustainable agriculture, with implications for policy and practice.

The transition students face moving from Further Education (FE) to Higher Education (HE) can be a daunting experience. This transition to HE may require a substantial adjustment to a student mindset recognising that they would be responsible for their own learning and their eventual success compared to a FE environment where student learning is more structured and primarily teacher led. This project investigated transition hurdles faced by new university students (level 4 students) in the School of Life Science, Pharmacy, and Chemistry (SoLSPC). Quantitative data was obtained using a paper-based questionnaire. The findings highlighted that most students found HE assessments to be moderately or more difficult than those in FE (53%), the HE timetables less structured (63%) than that in FE, and that students had to be very much more independent in their studies (68%) in HE compared to FE, with most students finding the transition to HE difficult (51%). The findings of these transition barriers are discussed in more detail here.

Experience-dependent gene expression reshapes neural circuits, permitting the learning of knowledge and skills. Most learning involves repetitive experiences during which neurons undergo multiple stages of functional and structural plasticity. Currently, the diversity of transcriptional responses underlying dynamic plasticity during repetition-based learning is poorly understood. To close this gap, we analyzed single-nucleus transcriptomes of L2/3 glutamatergic neurons of the primary motor cortex after 3 d motor skill training or home cage control in water-restricted male mice. Train and control neurons could be discriminated with high accuracy based on expression patterns of many genes, indicating that recent experience leaves a widespread transcriptional signature across L2/3 neurons. These discriminating genes exhibited divergent modes of coregulation, differentiating neurons into discrete clusters of transcriptional states. Several states showed gene expressions associated with activity-dependent plasticity. Some of these states were also prominent in the previously published reference, suggesting that they represent both spontaneous and task-related plasticity events. Markedly, however, two states were unique to our dataset. The first state, further enriched by motor training, showed gene expression suggestive of late-stage plasticity with repeated activation, which is suitable for expected emergent neuronal ensembles that stably retain motor learning. The second state, equally found in both train and control mice, showed elevated levels of metabolic pathways and norepinephrine sensitivity, suggesting a response to common experiences specific to our experimental conditions, such as water restriction or circadian rhythm. Together, we uncovered divergent transcriptional responses across L2/3 neurons, each potentially linked with distinct features of repetition-based motor learning such as plasticity, memory, and motivation.

Abstract Introduction The incidence rate of newly diagnosed HIV infection in Indonesia decreased from 21 per 100,000 in 2011 to 10 per 100,000 in 2021. Despite this progress, AIDS-related deaths among people living with HIV (PLWH) increased from 3.4% in 2010 to 4.8% in 2020. Determining risk factors for mortality may identify areas to intervene and reduce mortality. Methods A multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study of HIV infection, coinfections, and comorbidities (INA-PROACTIVE) was carried out at 19 hospitals across major islands in Indonesia. The study enrolled PLWH from 2018–2020 and followed them for 3 years. For this analysis, PLWH ≥ 18 years old with one year of follow-up data were included. Cox regression was used to identify variables at enrollment that correlated with one-year mortality. Results Among the 4,050 PLWH analysed in the study, 68.8% were male, 53.5% acquired HIV through heterosexual transmission, 92.4% were on antiretroviral treatment (ART) at enrollment, and 72.4% had an undetectable viral load. At one year, 115 (2.8%) had died. Detectable viremia at enrollment was significantly associated with mortality, with the risk increasing as the viral load (VL) category increased (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 4.47, 95% CI: 1.47–13.56 for VL 50 to 10,000 copies/mL; compared to VL

The use of aloe vera to make soap enriches existing soap product variants. This research makes soap from aloe vera by utilizing gel and peel extract, which are processed separately and characterized by each soap produced. This research aimed to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of sheet soap produced from palm oil added with gel and palm oil added with aloe vera peel extract. The research results obtained from the chemical side of the soap water content parameters contained 1 sample that did not meet the SNI 3532:2016 standard, i.e., in the treatment of adding 25% aloe vera gel to 15.29%. In contrast, the other samples met the standard with a 9.24 – 13.33% water content range. In the test, the free alkali content did not meet SNI standards because the data obtained from all treatments was above 0.1%, while the pH was in the range of 8.5-9.8, and foam stability was 74-86%. Organoleptic testing of soap from both ingredients did not cause reddish and itchy reactions, meaning it did not irritate the skin, while testing for color, texture, and aroma gave no significantly different effects for all samples

Getuk is an Indonesian food made from cassava, which is steamed and then mashed finely and topped with grated coconut. Research on getuk in Indonesia is currently minimal. Solid fats like margarine and butter have been proven to improve the quality of bread products. Getuk is divided into 6 treatments, including control treatment and a combination of solid fats such as butter, and margarine. The analyses conducted include texture profile, color, and moisture content. The addition of solid fats has been shown to have a significant difference in the texture parameters of Hardness, Gumminess, and Chewiness, but it did not have a significant effect on the Resilience parameter. The combination of butter and margarine resulted in a significant decrease in the Springiness and Cohesiveness parameters. Overall, the addition of solid fats had an impact on increasing brightness (L*) and shifting the color towards yellow tendencies (positive b*). The addition of solid fats did not significantly affect the moisture content of getuk.

Hendra Gunawan,1 Risa Miliawati Nurul Hidayah,1 Kartika Ruchiatan,1 Miranti Pangastuti,1 Hermin Aminah Usman,2 Fatimah Amalia1 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 2Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Hendra Gunawan, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Jl. Pasteur 38, Bandung, West Java, 40161, Indonesia, Tel +6281221111215, Email h.gunawan2016@unpad.ac.idIntroduction: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Meanwhile, leprosy reactions are immunologically mediated episodes of acute or subacute inflammation that occur during the chronic course of the disease. Leprosy and leprosy reaction have a wide range of clinical manifestations, including those resembling psoriatic arthritis.Case Presentation: A 30-year-old male was consulted by a rheumatologist with psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis vulgaris. History of recurrent painfully swollen fingers and multiple erythematous plaques covered with thick scales in the last two years was discovered. A physical examination revealed edema on the eyelids and all fingers of both hands and feet, accompanied by painful interphalangeal joints. There were anesthetic and hypoestetic erythematous plaques covered by thick scales on both upper and lower extremities and epigastric region. Non-tender enlargements with a rubbery consistency were found on the right great auricular nerve and both common peroneal nerves. Slit-skin smear examinations from anesthetic lesions on the left arm showed bacterial index 3+, and skin biopsies from anesthetic lesions on the left thigh revealed a granulomatous reaction with epithelioid cells, Langhans giant cells, and lymphocyte infiltration. The patient was diagnosed as mid-borderline leprosy with severe reversal reaction, then received multidrug therapy–multibacillary and prednisone. The improvement of skin lesions and fingers edema were found on the 40th day of observation.Conclusion: The varying symptoms of leprosy can lead to misdiagnosis. Proper training for healthcare professionals is crucial to ensure timely and accurate treatment.Keywords: leprosy, misdiagnosed, psoriatic arthritis, reversal reaction, rheumatic

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Workplace deviant behavior, as a manifestation of employee conduct, can exert adverse effects on an organization, posing challenges to its overall functioning and well-being. Understanding the underlying mechanism is essential in offering insights to enhance risk mitigation and promote a positive organizational culture for sustained success. Therefore, the study on workplace deviant behavior is important because it addresses both practical and theoretical concerns crucial for organizations' functioning and success. Additionally, it helps in understanding the dynamics of employee behavior, developing effective management strategies, and promoting a productive and ethical workplace environment. The novelty and originality of this research lie in its integration of these three variables to understand their combined impact on workplace deviant behavior. This approach provides a more detailed and nuanced understanding of the factors contributing to deviant behavior, allowing for more effective mitigation strategies.METHODS: This study aims to examine the impact of employee personality, organizational culture, and perceived organizational support on workplace deviant behavior among 370 employees at Human Development Agencies in Indonesia. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26.FINDINGS: The results showed a significant negative correlation between employee personality traits, such as extraversion (t-value = -2.400, ρ-value = 0.019, ρ

The Mentawai Forearc Sliver (MFS) is characterized by oblique deformation formed as slip partitioned between normal and parallel trench plate convergence. The surge of great earthquakes from 2004 to 2012 along the adjacent Sunda trench left a large unbroken segment known as the Mentawai Seismic Gap. Here, we adopted continuous Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observation data to identify the present regional crustal deformation using geodetic strain rates. The principal strain rate, dilatation rate, and maximum shear strain rate are about 0.13 microstrain/yr, 0.2 microstrain/yr, and 0.1 microstrain/yr, respectively, with the range of its uncertainties between 0.01 and 0.04 microstrain/yr. The dilatation and maximum shear strain rates reveal the spatial coverage of strike-slip duplex and backthrust tectonics along the Mentawai Forearc Sliver.

A choledochal cyst (CC) or biliary cyst is a congenital or acquired anomaly affecting the biliary tree. It involves the dilation of the biliary tree that could affect the extrahepatic and/or the intrahepatic segments. A choledochal cyst (CC) has traditionally been considered as a cystic dilation of the extrahepatic bile duct. The incidence of choledochal cysts is high in the Asian population with a female predominance. Choledochal cysts can present at any age, including infancy. However, 80% of choledochal cysts are diagnosed in the first decade of life, with cholestasis being the most common sign in infants, and cholangitis or pancreatitis being less common. Radiological and endoscopic imaging is the cornerstone of CC diagnosis. We report a case of 16 years old patient with choledocal cyst. The case has distinct clinical signs that are easily recognizable.

Social and economic barriers that students face during their studies can impact severely on their attainment and can be due to many factors. This study investigated how different socio-economic factors, with a focus on digital poverty and workspace availability may have affected students' attainment (during October 2021-March 2022) at university post-COVID-19. Quantitative data collected during the first teaching block of the 2021-2022 academic year using specific questions in a paper-based questionnaire indicated that a good proportion of life science students did not have access to a home internet source (35%) or proper workspace facilities (34%) and had the requirement to work alongside their degree in order to fund their studies. In contrast to the lack of internet students experienced, many of the surveyed students did have access to a personal computer within their household. Possible reasons for some of the findings, and the implications of the findings, are discussed here.

Background/purpose: The rapid transition to virtual teaching (VT) due to COVID-19-related school closures posed challenges to teachers in regard to upholding the standards of their profession. Perceived transformational leadership of virtual teaching (perceived TL-VT) may have had a protective role in difficult circumstances. Hence, this research study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived TL-VT and organizational citizenship behavior of virtual teaching (OCB-VT) in Indonesia, with job satisfaction of virtual teaching (JS-VT) as a mediator. Materials/methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used in this study, in which data were collected from a sample of teachers at 40 elementary schools in Blitar District, Indonesia. A total of 418 teachers with VT experience completed survey with items adapted from related scales. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Moreover, the mediation effect was evaluated using Hayes Process of Model 4. Finally, Hayes (2013) bootstrap technique was used to investigate the significance of the mediation effect. Results: Perceived TL-VT and JS-VT were found to be positively associated with OCB-VT. Mediation tests confirmed the relationship between perceived TL-VT and OCB-VT was mediated by JS-VT. Moreover, bootstrap analysis showed that coworkers had the most significant mediating effect on the relationship between perceived TL-VT and OCB-VT, followed by promotion, supervision, and work, while the effect of pay was shown to be insignificant. Conclusion: It was found that JS-VT had a mediating role in the relationship between perceived TL-VT and OCB-VT. Therefore, a good principal leadership could be critical to maintaining both teacher satisfaction and behavior during the COVID-19 crisis, regardless of teachers' actual readiness to overcome barriers associated with virtual teaching.

Despite the growing concerns of research discussing transcreation in translation studies from various perspectives, little empirical evidence reported the transcreation in Quranic translation as a religious sacred text. To fill this void, the present study aims to elucidate Qur'an translation in Indonesia from the perspective of trancreation and critical discourse analysis. The data were collected via observation of translations of Quranic verses which contain transcreation. The findings suggest that Quranic translation as a religious sacred text encompasses extensive transcreation. It took the form of words, phrases, and clauses--units used to create a discourse in upholding Islamic law and exclusivism in Indonesia. The discourse of Sharia law enforcement was attributed to situational, institutional, and social factors. This empirical study implies that transcreation in the sacred text is unavoidable due to the translators' ideology and socio-cultural background differences and creates a metanarrative on the importance of mutual respect, tolerance, and interfaith dialogue.

This research investigates the effect of multiple intelligences (MIs) teaching strategy with technology-enriched environments on business administration students' self-efficacy, confidence, and learning outcomes. The study involved 276 participants from a university's business administration department, undergoing an international business course. A range of technology-based activities incorporating MI strategies was employed, exploring key topics such as globalization, corporate social responsibility, and market segmentation. Hypothesis testing revealed that high expectations and changes in viewpoints positively impacted self-concept, ability, and motivation, contributing to improved learning outcomes. The integration of technology in teaching facilitated these transformations, demonstrating how digital tools like virtual reality, interactive platforms, and online tutorials can enhance learning experiences. However, the effect on learning gain varied when viewpoints changed, indicating a need for further research into the differential impact of technology on learning outcomes. Despite some limitations, the study offers compelling evidence supporting the integration of MIs teaching strategy with technology-enriched environments in business administration education. Future studies should further explore the role of emerging technologies in this context.

Garrison, Anderson, and Archer's community of inquiry (CoI) pedagogical framework for online distance learning is receiving greater attention as the COVID-19 takes place. Primary research concerns the researcher with English as a second language (ESL) instruction and acquisition English as a foreign language (EFL). More specifically, the study looked at 27 EFL-related articles from 133 published between 2011 and 2021 in respected journals that used the framework to teach languages. This study focused on the theoretical and practical applications of the framework in the field of foreign language distance teaching and learning that incorporates the use of information and communication of technology (ICT). It was concluded from the study's findings that implementing the framework in secondary schools had little impact. Research suggests that the framework can be used in teaching English as foreign language (TEFL) and it is associated with improved language proficiency. Teachers must adapt to the distant learning pedagogical framework and its supporting technology, according to this study. The paper also advocates for further research into how the framework may be applied in secondary school.research reports

Railway vehicles are critical for ensuring the reliability and safety of trains, and their complexity has grown with technological advancements. RAMS analysis (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Safety) has become a popular method for assessing the functional requirements of these vehicles. This review specifically investigates RAMS analysis for railway vehicles, aiming to identify trends, developments, key research challenges, and potential application in railway system of Indonesia. By thoroughly reviewing relevant articles, it explores various aspects of RAMS analysis, conducts comparative analyses, discusses potential research directions, and highlights advancements and usage in railway vehicle contexts. The methodology involves formulating research questions, searching the Scopus database for records, and applying assessment criteria to select eligible articles. Results reveal recent developments, distribution of articles, and studies focusing on reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety. This review offers valuable insights into the current state of RAMS analysis for railway vehicles and guides future research and development in this area.

Study purpose. Penalty corner is a situation that can be used as an opportunity to increase the score in indoor hockey. However, sometimes players cannot take advantage of this situation, so the opportunity to score a goal is lost. One of the reasons is that coaches pay very little attention to penalty corner training, so they don't have data about the abilities of their players. The aim of this research is to determine the success rate of penalty corners for STKIP Pasundan Cimahi indoor hockey players. Materials and methods. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive research method with a survey approach. The research subjects involved were indoor hockey athletes who were members of the STKIP Pasundan indoor hockey team who competed in the National Championship at Jakarta State University in May 2023, totaling 11 men. For the research instrument, the penalty corner test was used, which researchers analyzed starting from feeder-stopper-shooter and also success in putting the ball into the goal. The analysis uses a percentage approach, to see how successful the athletes are in taking penalty corners, and also what category they fall into. Results. The results of research conducted on evaluating the success rate of penalty corners for STKIP Pasundan indoor hockey players were good, based on consideration of the highest frequency in the above average category amounting to 6 people or 54.5%, high amounting to 2 people or 18.2% and in the average category 3 people or 27.3%. Conclusions. Based on the research results obtained in data analysis, it can be concluded that the success rate of penalty corners for STKIP Pasundan room hockey players is included in the good category. It is hoped that the results of this research will open up insight for hockey coaches in evaluating their palyers' penalty corners.

. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of cow's milk kefir using different types of kecombrang extracts (leaves, flowers, and stems) and varying extract concentrations to identify the optimal combination of extract types and concentrations to achieve the highest antioxidant activity in kefir. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed, factoring the kecombrang extracts (leaf, flower, and stem) and the concentrations (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%). The kefir characteristic variables were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan's multiple range test at a significance level of α=5%. The results indicated that the type of kecombrang extract influenced viscosity, color value, antioxidant content, and sensory properties of taste and overall acceptability. Increasing the extract concentration enhanced the color value and viscosity. The optimal kefir formulation was achieved with the addition of 7.5% kecombrang flower extract that resulted in the highest antioxidant content of 74.83%. Cow's milk kefir incorporated with 7.5% kecombrang flower extract contained 90.6% water, 0.99% ash, 2.19% fat, 6.82% protein, and 0.6% carbohydrates, all of which comply with CODEX STAN 243-2003.

Crash box is the most commonly used energy-absorbing systems for increasing transportation safety. Based on this system, design optimization of crash box is important to meeting safety standards with high performance. Therefore, this study aimed to propose a crucial crash box design featuring a 20-corner structure. This new design was expected to increase the number of folds and reduce the size upon impact, which can further elevate specific energy absorption (SEA). In addition, the study implemented a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) surrogate model for the first time to optimize the multi-corner crash box design. This method reduced the computational cost of the design optimization process while effectively handling complex configurations. The optimization also focused on dimensional parameters such as thickness and perimeter. An explicit nonlinear finite element method was used for axial loading analysis to assess the crash impact performance. The computational results showed good agreement with experimental data where the performance of the 20-corner structure design was compared with other shapes including square, circular, and 12-corner designs. The results showed that the 20-corner structure design provided the most optimum SEA and Crushing Force Efficiency (CFE). Furthermore, the optimized 20-corner design via GPR-model led to a further performance increment with an increase of 8-9% higher SEA and CFE. The following main conclusions can be drawn (i) the cross-sectional geometry significantly influenced crashworthiness performance with the MC20 configuration achieving the best Pm, CFE, and SEA values compared to other configurations. Therefore, the study concluded that the MC20 configuration was the most efficient among the other configurations; (ii) GPR proved advantageous in the optimization process, offering flexibility for complex nonlinear functions, reducing computational costs, and providing error predictions to further refine the optimization model; and (iii) optimization of the MC20 configuration using the GPR surrogate model focused on a single objective which was to maximizing Pm.

This study evaluated the effects of microwave irradiation on the impregnation efficiency of zinc onto pulverized shrimp shell waste. Prior to impregnation, the pulverized shrimp shell was heat treated at 350, 450, and 550 oC for 1, 2 and 3 hours. After each treatment, the treated pulverized shrimp shell was immediately quenched in liquid nitrogen. Microwave-assisted impregnations were carried out at 80 oC for 10, 20, and 30 minutes and at 50% and 100% of the maximum delivery power rate of the laboratory microwave equipment. The resulting impregnated solids were characterized via TGA, DTA, FTIR, SEM, and XRD. Semi-quantitative measurement of the impregnated zinc was determined based on XRF analysis. The BET analysis of the original pulverized shrimp shell waste provided a surface area of 1.273 m2/g and achieved 30.423 m2/g after 550 oC for 3h heating treatment. An increase in crystallinity index was detected as the pulverized shrimp shell waste was exposed to higher and prolonged heating temperatures. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference (p = 0.05) in impregnated zinc levels among the heat-treated pulverized shrimp shells for the same power output of microwave energy. However, a significant difference was obtained between 50% and 100% power output, of which the latter can impregnate two-fold higher levels of zinc than the former. The results of this study concluded that the microwave-assisted technique might potentially be applied for metal impregnation for the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts, and the power strength of the microwave plays a prominent role in metal impregnation.

Composite materials are becoming key elements in constructing advanced structures such as aircraft. These structures offer the benefit in terms of optimization between strength, stiffness, and weight. In recent studies, the concern of composite structures applications is the understanding of their failure modes such as crack and delamination, including complex fiber orientations. The presence of crack with various fiber orientations may affect the stiffness of the structure. In aircraft applications, particularly wing structures, the issue is more challenging due to the coupling of aerodynamic load and flexible structure which leads to aeroelastic phenomenon of flutter. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of crack on dynamic characteristics of a unidirectional composite simplified wing-like structure. The experiment was conducted by constructing the finite element model of a simplified wing-like structure as the basis, which was modeled as a unidirectional composite plate structure with some predefined fiber directions. To model the damage, a chordwise crack was inserted into the structure, whose length and location could be varied. Modal analysis was conducted to obtain dynamic characteristics of the composite structure, namely natural frequencies and mode shapes. The changes in natural frequencies and mode shapes for different combinations of fiber directions, crack lengths, and crack locations, are quantified and analyzed. Modal Assurance Criteria (MAC) was used to quantitatively evaluate the similarity of the mode shapes for different fiber orientation settings. The results showed that the order of the first six vibration modes, namely bending and torsion, was not altered by the change of fiber orientations but affected the value of natural frequencies. Furthermore, the existence of crack could reduce the natural frequencies significantly. MAC evaluation also showed that crack length could change the order of the mode shapes and the natural frequency of particular modes. For the fundamental modes, first bending and torsion, the natural frequencies decrease by approximately 20% as crack moves closer to the root. The changes in natural mode order and frequencies influenced the occurrence of couplings between modes capable of affecting the stability boundary in aeroelastic case.

This study examines the use of CCTV control systems in public spaces in Makassar City implementing Michel Foucault's Panopticism theory as an analytical framework. Panopticism rooted in Jeremy Bentham's Panopticon prison concept, describes a surveiillancei modeil wheirei individuals feieil constantly watcheid, eivein if theiy arei unsurei whein or if theiy arei actually beiing obseirveid. This study finds that although CCTV was introduceid as a crimei manageimeint tool, its also seirveis to increiasei social control oveir citizeins nowdays. Thei reiseiarch meithod useid is qualitativei approach, with a casei study approach involving obseirvation, in-deipth inteirvieiws, and documeint colleiction. Data analysis was carrieid out through data reiduction, data preiseintation, and conclusion drawing stageis. Thei reisults show that thei eiffeictiveineiss of CCTV control in correicting individual beihavior is oftein limiteid by teichnical and opeirational factors such as lack of supporting eiquipmeint and limiteid opeirator capabilitieis. Howeiveir, thei presence of cameras still significantly enhances social behaviour in society.