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2. Interim Estimates of 2023-24 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness--United States

Author

Frutos, Aaron M., Price, Ashley M., Harker, Elizabeth, Reeves, Emily L., Ahmad, Haris M., Murugan, Vel, Martin, Emily T., House, Stacey, Saade, Elie A., Zimmerman, Richard K., Gaglani, Manjusha, Wernli, Karen J., Walter, Emmanuel B., Michaels, Marian G., Staat, Mary A., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Boom, Julie A., Klein, Eileen J., Halasa, Natasha B., Ginde, Adit A., Gibbs, Kevin W., Zhu, Yuwei, Self, Wesley H., Tartof, Sara Y., Klein, Nicola P., Dascomb, Kristin, DeSilva, Malini B., Weber, Zachary A., Yang, Duck-Hye, Ball, Sarah W., Surie, Diya, DeCuir, Jennifer, Dawood, Fatimah S., Moline, Heidi L., Toepfer, Ariana P., Clopper, Benjamin R., Link-Gelles, Ruth, Payne, Amanda B., Chung, Jessie R., Flannery, Brendan, Lewis, Nathaniel M., Olson, Samantha M., Adams, Katherine, Tenforde, Mark W., Garg, Shikha, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Reed, Carrie, and Ellington, Sascha

Subjects
United States. National Institutes of Health, Merck & Company Inc., Pfizer Inc., Vaccination -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects, Influenza vaccines -- Health aspects, Influenza -- Health aspects, Medical colleges -- Health aspects, Children -- Health aspects, Health, Vanderbilt University. Medical Center
Abstract

Introduction CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends annual influenza vaccination for all persons aged [greater than or equal to]6 months (1). During previous influenza seasons, influenza vaccination prevented hundreds [...]

Published
2024

5. Infectious virus in exhaled breath of symptomatic seasonal influenza cases from a college community

Author

Yan, Jing, Grantham, Michael, Pantelic, Jovan, de Mesquita, P Jacob Bueno, Albert, Barbara, Liu, Fengjie, Ehrman, Sheryl, Milton, Donald K, Adamson, Walt, Beato-Arribas, Blanca, Bischoff, Werner, Booth, William, Cauchemez, Simon, Enstone, Joanne, Ferguson, Neil, Forni, John, Gilbert, Anthony, Grohskopf, Lisa, Hayward, Andrew, Hewitt, Michael, Kang, Ashley, Killingley, Ben, Lambkin-Williams, Robert, Mann, Alex, Milton, Donald, Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan, Noakes, Catherine, Oxford, John, Palmarini, Massimo, Wang, Jennifer, Bennett, Allan, Cowling, Ben, Monto, Arnold, and Tellier, Raymond

Subjects
Prevention, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Lung, Biodefense, Influenza, Pneumonia & Influenza, Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Clinical Research, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Aerosols, Air Microbiology, Body Mass Index, Cough, Exhalation, Female, Humans, Influenza, Human, Male, Models, Theoretical, Prevalence, RNA, Viral, Respiratory System, Respiratory Tract Infections, Seasons, Students, Temperature, Universities, Vaccination, Young Adult, influenza virus, aerosol, airborne infection, vaccination effects, viral shedding, EMIT Consortium
Abstract

Little is known about the amount and infectiousness of influenza virus shed into exhaled breath. This contributes to uncertainty about the importance of airborne influenza transmission. We screened 355 symptomatic volunteers with acute respiratory illness and report 142 cases with confirmed influenza infection who provided 218 paired nasopharyngeal (NP) and 30-minute breath samples (coarse >5-µm and fine ≤5-µm fractions) on days 1-3 after symptom onset. We assessed viral RNA copy number for all samples and cultured NP swabs and fine aerosols. We recovered infectious virus from 52 (39%) of the fine aerosols and 150 (89%) of the NP swabs with valid cultures. The geometric mean RNA copy numbers were 3.8 × 104/30-minutes fine-, 1.2 × 104/30-minutes coarse-aerosol sample, and 8.2 × 108 per NP swab. Fine- and coarse-aerosol viral RNA were positively associated with body mass index and number of coughs and negatively associated with increasing days since symptom onset in adjusted models. Fine-aerosol viral RNA was also positively associated with having influenza vaccination for both the current and prior season. NP swab viral RNA was positively associated with upper respiratory symptoms and negatively associated with age but was not significantly associated with fine- or coarse-aerosol viral RNA or their predictors. Sneezing was rare, and sneezing and coughing were not necessary for infectious aerosol generation. Our observations suggest that influenza infection in the upper and lower airways are compartmentalized and independent.

Published
2018

6. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Seropositivity among Healthcare Personnel in Hospitals and Nursing Homes, Rhode Island, USA, July-August 2020

Author

Akinbami, Lara J., Chan, Philip A., Vuong, Nga, Sami, Samira, Lewis, Dawn, Sheridan, Philip E., Lukacs, Susan L., Mackey, Lisa, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Patel, Anita, and Petersen, Lyle R.

Subjects
Hospitals -- Health aspects -- Rhode Island, Medical personnel -- Health aspects, Nursing homes -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Healthcare personnel face higher risk of infection during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic because of their essential role in identifying and treating persons affected (2,2). Although essential workers in many [...]

Published
2021
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7. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in First Responders and Public Safety Personnel, New York City, New York, USA, May-July 2020

Author

Sami, Samira, Akinbami, Lara J., Petersen, Lyle R., Crawley, Addie, Lukacs, Susan L., Weiss, Don, Henseler, Rebecca A., Vuong, Nga, Mackey, Lisa, Patel, Anita, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Morgenthau, Beth Maldin, Daskalakis, Demetre, and Pathela, Preeti

Subjects
First responders -- Health aspects, Medical personnel -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was recognized in New York City (NYC), New York, USA, in late February 2020 and had spread throughout the community by March 2020 (1). First responders and [...]

Published
2021
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8. Update : Influenza Activity — United States and Worldwide, May 19–September 28, 2019, and Composition of the 2020 Southern Hemisphere Influenza Vaccine

Author

Epperson, Scott, Davis, C. Todd, Brammer, Lynnette, Elal, Anwar Isa Abd, Ajayi, Noreen, Barnes, John, Budd, Alicia P., Burns, Erin, Daly, Peter, Dugan, Vivien G., Fry, Alicia M., Jang, Yunho, Johnson, Sara Jo, Kniss, Krista, Kondor, Rebecca, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Gubareva, Larisa, Merced-Morales, Angiezel, Sessions, Wendy, Stevens, James, Wentworth, David E., Xu, Xiyan, and Jernigan, Daniel

Published
2019

10. SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Healthcare, First Response, and Public Safety Personnel, Detroit Metropolitan Area, Michigan, USA, May-June 2020

Author

Akinbami, Lara J., Vuong, Nga, Petersen, Lyle R., Sami, Samira, Patel, Anita, Lukacs, Susan L., Mackey, Lisa, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Shehu, Amy, and Atas, Jenny

Subjects
Detroit, Michigan -- Health aspects, Epidemics -- Statistics -- Risk factors -- United States, Peace officers -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Medical personnel -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Healthcare, first response (e.g., firefighters, paramedics, emergency medical technicians), and public safety (e.g., law enforcement officers) personnel have served on the front lines of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic response [...]

Published
2020
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11. Influenza Activity — United States, September 30–December 1, 2018

Author

Budd, Alicia P., Elal, Anwar Isa Abd, Alabi, Noreen, Barnes, John, Blanton, Lenee, Brammer, Lynnette, Burns, Erin, Cummings, Charisse N., Dugan, Vivien G., Garg, Shikha, Garten, Rebecca, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Gubareva, Larisa, Kniss, Krista, Kramer, Natalie, O’Halloran, Alissa, Sessions, Wendy, Taylor, Calli, Wentworth, David E., Xu, Xiyan, Fry, Alicia M., Katz, Jacqueline, and Jernigan, Daniel

Published
2018

12. Update : Influenza Activity — United States and Worldwide, May 20–October 13, 2018

Author

Chow, Eric J., Davis, C. Todd, Elal, Anwar Isa Abd, Alabi, Noreen, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Barnes, John, Blanton, Lenee, Brammer, Lynnette, Budd, Alicia P., Burns, Erin, Davis, William W., Dugan, Vivien G., Fry, Alicia M., Garten, Rebecca, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Gubareva, Larisa, Jang, Yunho, Jones, Joyce, Kniss, Krista, Lindstrom, Stephen, Mustaquim, Desiree, Porter, Rachael, Rolfes, Melissa, Sessions, Wendy, Taylor, Calli, Wentworth, David E., Xu, Xiyan, Zanders, Natosha, Katz, Jacqueline, and Jernigan, Daniel

Published
2018

17. Update : Influenza Activity — United States and Worldwide, May 21–September 23, 2017

Author

Blanton, Lenee, Wentworth, David E., Alabi, Noreen, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Barnes, John, Brammer, Lynnette, Burns, Erin, Davis, C. Todd, Dugan, Vivien G., Fry, Alicia M., Garten, Rebecca, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Gubareva, Larisa, Kniss, Krista, Lindstrom, Stephen, Mustaquim, Desiree, Olsen, Sonja J., Roguski, Katherine, Taylor, Calli, Trock, Susan, Xu, Xiyan, Katz, Jacqueline, and Jernigan, Daniel

Published
2017

21. Update : Influenza Activity — United States, October 2–December 17, 2016

Author

Shang, Mei, Blanton, Lenee, Kniss, Krista, Mustaquim, Desiree, Alabi, Noreen, Barnes, Stephen, Budd, Alicia, Davlin, Stacy L., Kramer, Natalie, Garg, Shikha, Cummings, Charisse N., Flannery, Brendan, Fry, Alicia M., Grohskopf, Lisa A., Olsen, Sonja J., Bresee, Joseph, Sessions, Wendy, Garten, Rebecca, Xu, Xiyan, Elal, Anwar Isa Abd, Gubareva, Larisa, Barnes, John, Wentworth, David E., Burns, Erin, Katz, Jacqueline, Jernigan, Daniel, and Brammer, Lynnette

Published
2016

22. Update : Influenza Activity — United States and Worldwide, May 22–September 10, 2016

Author

Budd, Alicia, Blanton, Lenee, Kniss, Krista, Smith, Sophie, Mustaquim, Desiree, Davlin, Stacy L., Kramer, Natalie, Flannery, Brendan, Fry, Alicia M., Grohskopf, Lisa A., Olsen, Sonja J., Bresee, Joseph, Sessions, Wendy, Garten, Rebecca, Xu, Xiyan, Elal, Anwar Isa Abd, Gubareva, Larisa, Barnes, John, Wentworth, David E., Burns, Erin, Katz, Jacqueline, Jernigan, Daniel, and Brammer, Lynnette

Published
2016

24. Influenza Activity — United States, 2015–16 Season and Composition of the 2016–17 Influenza Vaccine

Author

Davlin, Stacy L., Blanton, Lenee, Kniss, Krista, Mustaquim, Desiree, Smith, Sophie, Kramer, Natalie, Cohen, Jessica, Cummings, Charisse Nitura, Garg, Shikha, Flannery, Brendan, Fry, Alicia M., Grohskopf, Lisa A., Bresee, Joseph, Wallis, Teresa, Sessions, Wendy, Garten, Rebecca, Xu, Xiyan, Elal, Anwar Isa Abd, Gubareva, Larisa, Barnes, John, Wentworth, David E., Burns, Erin, Katz, Jacqueline, Jernigan, Daniel, and Brammer, Lynnette

Published
2016

25. Update : Influenza Activity — United States, October 4, 2015–February 6, 2016

Author

Russell, Kate, Blanton, Lenee, Kniss, Krista, Mustaquim, Desiree, Smith, Sophie, Cohen, Jessica, Garg, Shikha, Flannery, Brendan, Fry, Alicia M., Grohskopf, Lisa A., Bresee, Joseph, Wallis, Teresa, Sessions, Wendy, Garten, Rebecca, Xu, Xiyan, Elal, Anwar Isa Abd, Gubareva, Larisa, Barnes, John, Wentworth, David E., Burns, Erin, Katz, Jacqueline, Jernigan, Daniel, and Brammer, Lynnette

Published
2016

27. Update : Influenza Activity — United States, October 4–November 28, 2015

Author

Smith, Sophie, Blanton, Lenee, Kniss, Krista, Mustaquim, Desiree, Steffens, Craig, Reed, Carrie, Bramley, Anna, Flannery, Brendan, Fry, Alicia M., Grohskopf, Lisa A., Bresee, Joseph, Wallis, Teresa, Garten, Rebecca, Xu, Xiyan, Elal, Anwar Isa Abd, Gubareva, Larisa, Barnes, John, Wentworth, David E., Burns, Erin, Katz, Jacqueline, Jernigan, Daniel, and Brammer, Lynnette

Published
2015

30. Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices -- United States, 2024--25 Influenza Season.

Author

Grohskopf, Lisa A., Ferdinands, Jill M., Blanton, Lenee H., Broder, Karen R., and Loehr, Jamie

Subjects
*MEDICAL protocols, *IMMUNIZATION, *PATIENT safety, *INFLUENZA vaccines, *IMMUNIZATION of older people, *AT-risk people, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *IMMUNIZATION of children, *VACCINATION coverage, *SEASONAL influenza
Abstract

This report updates the 2023--24 recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) concerning the use of seasonal influenza vaccines in the United States (MMWR Recomm Rep 2022;72[No. RR-2]:1--24). Routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months who do not have contraindications. Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV3s), trivalent recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV3), and trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV3) are expected to be available. All persons should receive an age-appropriate influenza vaccine (i.e., one approved for their age), with the exception that solid organ transplant recipients aged 18 through 64 years who are receiving immunosuppressive medication regimens may receive either high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3) or adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV3) as acceptable options (without a preference over other age-appropriate IIV3s or RIV3). Except for vaccination for adults aged ≥65 years, ACIP makes no preferential recommendation for a specific vaccine when more than one licensed and recommended vaccine is available. ACIP recommends that adults aged ≥65 years preferentially receive any one of the following higher dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccines: trivalent high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3), trivalent recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV3), or trivalent adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV3). If none of these three vaccines is available at an opportunity for vaccine administration, then any other age-appropriate influenza vaccine should be used. Primary updates to this report include the following two topics: the composition of 2024--25 U.S. seasonal influenza vaccines and updated recommendations for vaccination of adult solid organ transplant recipients. First, following a period of no confirmed detections of wild-type influenza B/Yamagata lineage viruses in global surveillance since March 2020, 2024--25 U.S. influenza vaccines will not include an influenza B/Yamagata component. All influenza vaccines available in the United States during the 2024--25 season will be trivalent vaccines containing hemagglutinin derived from 1) an influenza A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus (for egg-based vaccines) or an influenza A/Wisconsin/67/2022 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus (for cell culture-based and recombinant vaccines); 2) an influenza A/Thailand/8/2022 (H3N2)-like virus (for egg-based vaccines) or an influenza A/Massachusetts/18/2022 (H3N2)-like virus (for cell culture-based and recombinant vaccines); and 3) an influenza B/Austria/1359417/2021 (Victoria lineage)-like virus. Second, recommendations for vaccination of adult solid organ transplant recipients have been updated to include HD-IIV3 and aIIV3 as acceptable options for solid organ transplant recipients aged 18 through 64 years who are receiving immunosuppressive medication regimens (without a preference over other age-appropriate IIV3s or RIV3). This report focuses on recommendations for the use of vaccines for the prevention and control of seasonal influenza during the 2024--25 influenza season in the United States. A brief summary of the recommendations and a link to the most recent Background Document containing additional information are available at https://www.cdc.gov/acip-recs/hcp/vaccine-specific/ flu.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/flu.html. These recommendations apply to U.S.-licensed influenza vaccines. Updates and other information are available from CDC's influenza website (https://www.cdc. gov/flu). Vaccination and health care providers should check this site periodically for additional information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. Recommendations for Postexposure Interventions to Prevent Infection with Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Tetanus in Persons Wounded During Bombings and Similar Mass-Casualty Events — United States, 2008: Recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Author

Chapman, Louisa E., Sullivent, Ernest E., Grohskopf, Lisa A., Beltrami, Elise M., Perz, Joseph F., Kretsinger, Katrina, Panlilio, Adelisa L., Thompson, Nicola D., Ehrenberg, Richard L., Gensheimer, Kathleen F., Duchin, Jeffrey S., Kilmarx, Peter H., and Hunt, Richard C.

Published
2008

43. Know and Share the Facts about Flu Vaccination

Author

Grohskopf, Lisa

Abstract

Flu is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, throat, and lungs. It can cause mild to severe illness, and sometimes can lead to death. Symptoms of flu can include fever or a feverish feeling, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headache, fatigue, vomiting, and diarrhea. Flu can be especially dangerous for young children, pregnant women, older people, and those with certain chronic medical conditions, such as asthma, diabetes, and neurological disorders. Flu can worsen chronic conditions and can lead to other complications, like pneumonia. An estimated 5 to 20 percent of the U.S. population becomes infected with the flu each year. About 200,000 of these flu sufferers are hospitalized each year, including 20,000 children under the age of 5. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) considers annual vaccination to be the single best way to prevent the flu. Parents and teachers are essential allies in efforts to increase awareness about the importance of flu vaccination, and encourage more people to protect themselves by getting vaccinated. This article discusses some facts about flu vaccination.

Published
2012

47. Influenza vaccines licensed in the United States in healthy children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (Protocol)

Author

Prutsky Gabriela J, Domecq Juan Pablo, Elraiyah Tarig, Wang Zhen, Grohskopf Lisa A, Prokop Larry J, Montori Victor M, and Murad Mohammad Hassan

Subjects
Influenza, Influenza vaccine, Children, Systematic review, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Influenza is an acute respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses, which occurs in epidemics worldwide every year. Children are an important target for prevention methods, including vaccination. While evidence about the decision on whether to vaccinate healthy children is robust, evidence supporting the decision of which of available vaccines to use remains unclear. This review will summarize the evidence about the efficacy and safety of the available vaccines for seasonal influenza licensed in the United States for use in healthy children. Methods/design An umbrella systematic review (SR) and network meta-analysis will be conducted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We will search for SRs to identify parallel RCTs evaluating inactive and/or live attenuated influenza vaccines licensed in the United States for use in healthy children to prevent influenza. Subsequently, we will update the literature search of the selected SRs to the present time to capture recent controlled studies. To complement the work focused on harms, we will also select observational studies focusing on post marketing retrospective studies. Inclusion will not be limited by language, publication date or publication status. To identify additional candidate studies, we will review the reference lists of the eligible primary studies and narrative reviews; we will query the expert members of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and review references from their previous statement. Additionally, we will review the reports from the Institute of Medicine on the adverse effects of vaccines. Two reviewers will independently determine study eligibility and will extract descriptive, methodological (using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs and the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for observational studies) and efficacy data. When possible, we will conduct meta-analyses and network meta-analyses by combining indirect and direct comparisons. We will evaluate heterogeneity using the I2 statistic and the agreement of indirect comparisons and direct evidence. We will report the Cochrane Q test to determine the statistical significance of heterogeneity. The overall quality of evidence will be assessed following the GRADE (Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach. Discussion Our systematic review will allow patients, clinicians, guideline developers and policy makers to make evidence-based choices between the two available vaccine options, by providing information regarding benefits and harms of these types of vaccines.

Published
2012
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48. It's Not Too Late for Influenza Vaccination: Q&A With CDC's Dr. Lisa Grohskopf | MDedge.

Author

Grohskopf, Lisa

Subjects
*COMBINED vaccines, *INFLUENZA B virus, *INFLUENZA vaccines, *VACCINATION coverage, *INFLUENZA viruses
Abstract

The article discusses updates to the influenza vaccine and recommendations for the 2024-2025 season in the United States. Changes include all vaccines being trivalent, protecting against three viruses, and a new recommendation for adult solid organ transplant recipients. The CDC recommends everyone aged 6 months or older to get vaccinated, with specific preferences for certain groups like adults aged 65 years or older. Vaccination is encouraged even after October, as flu viruses circulate later in the season. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

50. Influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women--United States, 2012-13 influenza season

Author

Ball, Sarah, Donahue, Sara, Izrael, David, Walker, Deborah K., Martonik, Rachel, DiSogra, Charles, Ding, Helen, Greby, Stacie M., Kahn, Katherine, Lu, Peng-Jun, Williams, Walter W., Singleton, James A., Kennedy, Erin D., Bridges, Carolyn B., Grohskopf, Lisa A., Jamieson, Denise J., and Ahluwalia, Indu

Subjects
Vaccination, Influenza vaccines, Influenza, Pregnant women, Health
Abstract

Pregnant women and infants aged To provide end-of-season estimates of influenza vaccination coverage, health-care provider recommendation and offer of vaccination, and information on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to influenza [...]

Published
2013

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