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Introduction: The game of rugby is becoming more and more popular, despite the fact that it is a collision sport in which skill plays a large role. In the training process, great importance is placed on the development of general physical fitness, in particular, on strength, power and muscular endurance. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the co-organisation between range of motion, body balance, power and speed of the kick and throw in men practicing rugby. Material and methods: The study involved 19 players training rugby on the Extraleague team of MKS Ogniwo Sopot, with an average age of 27.32±5.49. The Inbody 270 body composition analyser, the EPSR1 mat measuring the distribution of foot pressure on the ground, the WiVA sensor for measuring the range of motion and the Tendo Unit for measuring the explosive force were used to carry out testing. Results: The results indicate that people with a higher level of balance perform a throw with more power and speed. It was also shown that the range of motion in the upper limb is directly proportional to the range of motion in the hip joint. Conclusions: In the sport of rugby, flexion and extension movements of both the shoulder and hip joints are performed alternately. Based on the results, it can be concluded that in rugby athletes, balance training deserves special attention, which may translate into greater speed and power of the throw during a game. At the same time, an increase in the range of motion when flexing the arm and an increase in the pressure on the forefoot were noted, and the inversely proportional relationship between the COP area of the whole body and the heel area of the left foot may indicate the transfer of body mass by the tested players to the metatarsal and forefoot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Today's fashion and footwear market offers a wide range of stilettos. For women, stilettos are an important part of their wardrobe, providing a sense of confidence and enhancing physical attractiveness. Unfortunately, they also raise latent concerns among healthcare professionals due to the forced position of the foot. The aim of this study is to present the effect of high heels on the distribution of foot forces on the ground in adult women attending high-heels dance classes. Material and Methods: The distribution of foot forces on the ground and the body balance of HHS female students before and after the training session were investigated. Foot arch measurements were taken using EPSR1 mats (Letsens Group, Letsens S.R.L. Via Buozzi, CastelMaggiore; Bologna, Italy). Results: The foot arch test showed that the entire study population had highly arched left feet (mean arched level of 8.85%) and right feet (3.70%). Analysis of the data showed that training in high heels reduced the longitudinal arch of the right foot (p=0.04942) by increasing metatarsal pressure. Pressure on the heel of the right foot decreased (p=0.017621). Statistical analysis of the stabilographic measurements showed statistically significant changes only in the distance from the centre of pressure before and after the test (p=0.047531). Conclusions: The results suggest that the development of an abnormal longitudinal arch (flatfoot) and a reduction in body balance may be attributable to prolonged wearing of high-heeled shoes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]