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7. A corpus-based study of grammatical post-metaphorical expressions

Author

Zhou Jiangping and Gao Yanmei

Subjects
grammatical metaphor, grammatical post-metaphor, metaphor of ideation, metaphor of modality, pathway of metaphorization, Language and Literature
Abstract

In Systemic Functional Linguistics, meanings in semantic stratum could be realized by congruent/premetaphorical, metaphorical, or demetaphorical/post-metaphorical expressions in lexico-grammatical stratum. This paper, evidenced from the Corpus of Historical American English (COHA), explores the specific pathway from metaphorical expressions to post-metaphorical ones guided by principles of Context-first and AS IF and the principle of double functionality. The findings show that grammatical postmetaphorization is mainly realized by post-metaphor of ideation and that of modality. The former finds its expressions from common nouns to proper nouns (e.g. from security to Security), or from uncountable nouns to countable nouns (e.g. from security to securities), and the latter is evidenced by expressions shifting from explicit objective orientation to its explicit subjective counterpart (e.g. from it is possible that to it might be possible that), or by modal probability of I think type shifting from clausal initial position to clausal medial or final position (e.g. I think in the medial or final position of the clause).

Published
2021
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15. Shear-slip behaviour of prefabricated composite shear stud connectors in composite bridges

Author

Gao, Yanmei (author), Li, Chengjun (author), Wang, Xuefei (author), Zhou, Zhixiang (author), Fan, Liang (author), Heng, J. (author), Gao, Yanmei (author), Li, Chengjun (author), Wang, Xuefei (author), Zhou, Zhixiang (author), Fan, Liang (author), and Heng, J. (author)

Abstract

This paper has investigated the shear-slip behaviour of an innovative prefabricated composite shear stud (PCSS) connector and its application in the prefabricated steel–concrete composite bridges. A series of push-out tests are carried out on a total of 12 specimens, including 6 PCSS specimens and 6 conventional shear stud (CSS) specimens. Further comparison has been carried out between the test result and the data available from the literature. Based on the test, a high-resolution finite element (FE) analysis has been performed to reveal the load transfer mechanism of the PCSS connector at the component-level. After that, an advanced FE model has been established and validated by a full-scale test of the prefabricated composite bridge using the PCSS. With the FE model, the load-slip behaviour and slip distribution are investigated in details. The result highlights the enhanced shear capacity and ductility of the PCSS specimens compared with the CSS specimens, as well as the feasibility of PCSS connectors in composite bridges. Meanwhile, it is further revealed by the detailed investigation that the enhancement could be attributed to the lateral constraint on the concrete by the vertical steel plate in the PCSS. Besides, it is also found that the load-slip behaviour of composite bridges using the PCSS is influenced by the cracking at the seam between deck blocks. Consequently, abrupt changes can be found in the load-slip curve once the cracking occurs, which differs from the traditional composite bridges., Accepted Author Manuscript, Steel & Composite Structures

Published
2021
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20. A corpus-based study of grammatical post-metaphorical expressions

Author

Zhou, Jiangping and Gao, Yanmei

Abstract

In Systemic Functional Linguistics, meanings in semantic stratum could be realized by congruent/premetaphorical, metaphorical, or demetaphorical/post-metaphorical expressions in lexico-grammatical stratum. This paper, evidenced from the Corpus of Historical American English (COHA), explores the specific pathway from metaphorical expressions to post-metaphorical ones guided by principles of Context-first and AS IF and the principle of double functionality. The findings show that grammatical postmetaphorization is mainly realized by post-metaphor of ideation and that of modality. The former finds its expressions from common nouns to proper nouns (e.g. from securityto Security), or from uncountable nouns to countable nouns (e.g. from securityto securities), and the latter is evidenced by expressions shifting from explicit objective orientation to its explicit subjective counterpart (e.g. from it is possible thatto it might be possible that), or by modal probability of I thinktype shifting from clausal initial position to clausal medial or final position (e.g. I thinkin the medial or final position of the clause).

Published
2022
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21. Carbon Material Optimized Biocathode for Improving Microbial Fuel Cell Performance

Author

Wang Xiaohui, Hairti Tursun, Gao Yanmei, Rashid Abro, Rui Liu, Jing Li, and Yuan Li

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Microbial fuel cell, Materials science, Denitrification, microbial fuel cells, lcsh:QR1-502, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Oxygen, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, Catalysis, medicine, Graphite, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Original Research, carbon materials, power generation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biocathode, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Electrode, coulombic efficiency, 0210 nano-technology, Faraday efficiency, Activated carbon, medicine.drug
Abstract

To improve the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), the biocathode electrode material of double-chamber was optimized. Alongside the basic carbon fiber brush, three carbon materials namely graphite granules, activated carbon granules and activated carbon powder, were added to the cathode-chambers to improve power generation. The result shows that the addition of carbon materials increased the amount of available electroactive microbes on the electrode surface and thus promote oxygen reduction rate, which improved the generation performance of the MFCs. The Output current (external resistance = 1000 Ω) greatly increased after addition of the three carbon materials and maximum power densities in current stable phase increased by 47.4%, 166.1% and 33.5%, respectively. Additionally, coulombic efficiencies of the MFC increased by 16.3%, 64.3% and 20.1%, respectively. These results show that MFC when optimized with activated carbon granules show better power generation, higher chemical oxygen demands (COD) removal rate and coulombic efficiency.

Published
2016

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