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1. Morphometrical and Histological Analyses of the Epithelial Lining of Male Reproductive System in Wistar Rats Following Administration of Neem Leaves Extract.

Author

Kumangry, Zadva Abdullahi, Mshelia, Gana K. B., Enoch, Faith, and Attah, Martha Orendu Oche

Subjects
*NEEM, *LABORATORY rats, *SEMINIFEROUS tubules, *MALE reproductive organs, *EPITHELIAL cells, *PROSTATE, *EPITHELIUM, *EPIDIDYMIS
Abstract

Background: Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica L.) have been used for many therapeutic purposes and medicinal applications. The extract of this plant has been used in both male and female genders as a traditional agent to prevent early pregnancy. In this study, the effect of this extract was investigated histologically and morphometrically on the germinal epithelia of the seminiferous tubules, epididymis and secretory epithelia of rats' prostate glands. Methods: Twenty male albino rats were divided into four groups of five each and administered the extract at a concentration of zero, 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg of the body weight for 50 consecutive days. These rats were sacrificed and the male reproductive organs were removed, weighed and processed for routine histological examinations. The micrographs were analyzed and the structural changes in the epithelial lining and morphometric analyses were recorded, which included measuring the epithelial thickness in the seminiferous tubules, epididymis and secretory prostatic epithelia. Results: The extract was found to reduce the rats' weight; decreased both the weight and dimension of the testes; reduced the number of germinal epithelial lining cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes, the epididymal and prostatic secretory epithelial cells. Conclusion: The histological alterations were most significant in response to the treatment with the extract at 200 mg/kg of the rats with the greatest damages observed in the epithelial lining. The deleterious effects of the extract were found to be dose-dependent and this corroborates the use of this extract as a contraceptive in animal models, and potentially in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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3. A study of the relationships between sport practice and health issues among college students: Effects of gender on eating disorders and substance use

Author

Décamps, G., Gana, K., Hagger, Martin, Bruchon-Schweitzer, M., Boujut, E., Décamps, G., Gana, K., Hagger, Martin, Bruchon-Schweitzer, M., and Boujut, E.

Abstract

A number of previous studies have focused on the effect of sport practice on eating disorders and substance use. Most of these studies suggest that among students sport practice is related to low levels of health issues like eating disorders and substance use. However, there is a relative dearth of evidence for these relationships and previous findings are based on comparisons between people involved in sport practice and physical activity and sedentary or largely inactive people. The present study aims to test the effects of frequency of sport practice on college students' eating disorders and substance use when also controlling for gender effects. Methods: One thousand and seventy-three first year college students (35.6% boys, 64.4% girls) volunteered to participate in the study. Participants were divided into three groups according to the frequency of their sport practice: students who rarely participated in sport practice (less than one hour a week and not every week; 406 students, 26.4% boys vs 73.6% girls), students who frequently participated in sport practice (every week but less than eight hours a week; 173 students, 33.5% boys vs 66.5% girls), and students who had intensive sport practice (eight hours a week or more; 494 students, 43.9% boys vs 56.1% girls). Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use were assessed using the Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Three different categories of eating disorders (Dieting, Bulimia, Oral control) were assessed using the EAT-26 inventory. ANOVAs were computed to test for gender differences across the three sport practice groups. Results: Results of univariate ANOVAs revealed main effects for gender and sport practice on some of the substance use and eating disorder variables, ANOVA with multiple comparisons (Tamhan T Test) revealed a significant interaction effect of sport practice and gender on oral control and tobacco use. For girls, oral control and tobacco use do not vary within the three g

Published
2014

4. HFI energetic particle effects: characterization, removal, and simulation

Author

Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Levy, A., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bobin, J., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Cardoso, J. F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H. C., Chiang, L. -Y., Christensen, P. R., Church, S., Clements, D. L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Desert, F. -X., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Ensslin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Gana, K., Giard, M., Girard, D., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, Allan, Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R. J., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Leroy, C., Lesgourgues, J., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macias-Perez, J. F., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D. J., Martin, P. G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miniussi, A., Mitra, A., Miville-Deschenes, M. A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Mottet, S., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Osborne, S., Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, Fernand, Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G. W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rusholme, B., Sanselme, L., Santos, D., Sauve, A., Savini, G., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Spencer, L. D., Starck, J. -L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A. S., Sygnet, J. -F., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Levy, A., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bobin, J., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Cardoso, J. F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H. C., Chiang, L. -Y., Christensen, P. R., Church, S., Clements, D. L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Desert, F. -X., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Ensslin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Gana, K., Giard, M., Girard, D., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, Allan, Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R. J., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Leroy, C., Lesgourgues, J., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macias-Perez, J. F., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D. J., Martin, P. G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miniussi, A., Mitra, A., Miville-Deschenes, M. A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Mottet, S., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Osborne, S., Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, Fernand, Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G. W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rusholme, B., Sanselme, L., Santos, D., Sauve, A., Savini, G., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Spencer, L. D., Starck, J. -L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A. S., Sygnet, J. -F., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.

Abstract

We describe the detection, interpretation, and removal of the signal resulting from interactions of high energy particles with the Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI). There are two types of interactions: heating of the 0.1 K bolometer plate; and glitches in each detector time stream. The transient responses to detector glitch shapes are not simple single- pole exponential decays and fall into three families. The glitch shape for each family has been characterized empirically in flight data and these shapes have been used to remove glitches from the detector time streams. The spectrum of the count rate per unit energy is computed for each family and a correspondence is made to the location on the detector of the particle hit. Most of the detected glitches are from Galactic protons incident on the die frame supporting the micro- machined bolometric detectors. In the Planck orbit at L2, the particle flux is around 5 cm 2 s 1 and is dominated by protons incident on the spacecraft with energy > 39 MeV, at a rate of typically one event per second per detector. Di ff erent categories of glitches have di ff erent signatures in the time stream. Two of the glitch types have a low amplitude component that decays over nearly 1 s. This component produces excess noise if not properly removed from the time- ordered data. We have used a glitch detection and subtraction method based on the joint fit of population templates. The application of this novel glitch subtraction method removes excess noise from the time streams. Using realistic simulations, we find that this method does not introduce signal bias into the Planck data.

Published
2014

5. HFI energetic particle effects: characterization, removal, and simulation

Author

Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Levy, A., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bobin, J., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Cardoso, J. -F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H. C., Chiang, L. -Y., Christensen, P. R., Church, S., Clements, D. L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Desert, F. -X., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Ensslin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Gana, K., Giard, M., Girard, D., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R. J., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Leroy, C., Lesgourgues, J., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macias-Perez, J. F., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D. J., Martin, P. G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., Mcgehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miniussi, A., Mitra, A., Miville-Deschenes, M. -A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Mottet, S., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Osborne, S., Oxborrow, C. A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G. W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rusholme, B., Sanselme, L., Santos, D., Sauve, A., Savini, G., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Spencer, L. D., Starck, J. -L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Sygnet, J. -F., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., and Planck Collaboration

Subjects
instruments [Space vehicles], Astrophysics and Astronomy, instrumentation: detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, space vehicles: instruments, Cosmic background radiation, observations [Cosmology], data analysis [Methods], methods: data analysis, detectors [Instrumentation]
Abstract

We describe the detection, interpretation, and removal of the signal resulting from interactions of high energy particles with the Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI). There are two types of interactions: heating of the 0.1 K bolometer plate; and glitches in each detector time stream. The transient responses to detector glitch shapes are not simple single- pole exponential decays and fall into three families. The glitch shape for each family has been characterized empirically in flight data and these shapes have been used to remove glitches from the detector time streams. The spectrum of the count rate per unit energy is computed for each family and a correspondence is made to the location on the detector of the particle hit. Most of the detected glitches are from Galactic protons incident on the die frame supporting the micro- machined bolometric detectors. In the Planck orbit at L2, the particle flux is around 5 cm 2 s 1 and is dominated by protons incident on the spacecraft with energy > 39 MeV, at a rate of typically one event per second per detector. Di ff erent categories of glitches have di ff erent signatures in the time stream. Two of the glitch types have a low amplitude component that decays over nearly 1 s. This component produces excess noise if not properly removed from the time- ordered data. We have used a glitch detection and subtraction method based on the joint fit of population templates. The application of this novel glitch subtraction method removes excess noise from the time streams. Using realistic simulations, we find that this method does not introduce signal bias into the Planck data.

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6. Relationship Between Sociosexuality and Condom Use Frequency Among Young French College Students.

Author

Gana K and Arshakyan D

Abstract

Sociosexuality, conceptualized as individual differences in attitudes, behaviors, and desires for casual sex, is reflected in "hookup culture" where risky sexual behaviors should not be overlooked. The main objectives of this study were (a) to provide a first French adaptation of the SOI-R and to evaluate its psychometric properties, and (b) to examine the relationship between sociosexuality and condom use among young college students (N = 1037, mean age = 18.7 years, SD = 1 year). A path model hypothesizing links between dispositional optimism, boredom proneness, sexual orientation, age, gender (as correlated exogenous/independent variables), sociosexuality (as mediation variable), and condom use (as output variable), was specified and tested. Findings showed gender and sexual orientation differences in sociosexuality. As expected, males as well as non-heterosexual individuals endorsed more sociosexuality than the others. Optimism, but not boredom, predicted a higher level of sociosexuality. Sociosexuality positively predicted safer sex. Sociosexual orientation was not associated with condomless sex. It would seem that sexual freedom does not necessarily mean irresponsible sexual adventures for the young college students in our study., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2023
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7. A systematic review of complementary and alternative medicine in oncology: Psychological and physical effects of manipulative and body-based practices.

Author

Calcagni N, Gana K, and Quintard B

Subjects
Combined Modality Therapy methods, Combined Modality Therapy standards, Humans, Neoplasms diagnosis, Neoplasms psychology, Psychotherapy methods, Treatment Outcome, Complementary Therapies methods, Complementary Therapies standards, Medical Oncology methods, Medical Oncology standards, Neoplasms therapy
Abstract

Background: Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) are widely used by cancer patients, despite limited evidence of efficacy. Manipulative and body-based practices are some of the most commonly used CAM. This systematic review evaluates their benefits in oncology., Method: A systematic literature review was carried out with no restriction of language, time, cancer location or type. PubMed, CENTRAL, PsycArticle, PsychInfo, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and SOCindex were queried. Inclusion criteria were adult cancer patients and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing manipulative and body-based complementary practices on psychological and symptom outcomes. Effect size was calculated when applicable., Results: Of 1624 articles retrieved, 41 articles were included: massage (24), reflexology (11), acupressure (6). Overall, 25 studies showed positive and significant effects on symptom outcomes (versus 9 that did not), especially pain and fatigue. Mixed outcomes were found for quality of life (8 papers finding a significant effect vs. 10 which did not) and mood (14 papers vs. 13). In most studies, there was a high risk of bias with a mean Jadad score of 2, making interpretation of results difficult., Conclusion: These results seem to indicate that manipulative CAM may be effective on symptom management in cancer. However, more robust methodologies are needed. The methodological requirements of randomized controlled trials are challenging, and more informative results may be provided by more pragmatic study design., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2019
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8. French adaptation of the PO-Bado short form, an interview-based expert rating scale for distress screening.

Author

Saada Y, Gana K, Duguey-Cachet O, Stadelmaier N, and Quintard B

Abstract

Objective: Basic Documentation for Psycho-Oncology (PO-Bado) is a hetero-assessment and psychosocial burden documentation tool for cancer patient caregivers (across all types and stages). Recently, the psychometric properties of the standard 12-item version of PO-Bado were published. However, the standard version is relatively time-consuming for the caregivers. Here, we developed and examined psychometric properties of a French short-form of PO-Bado (PO-Bado-FSF) with seven items derived from the validated standard version., Methods: One hundred and twenty-one cancer patients ( M age  = 58.4 years, SD = 13.9 years; 68.6% were women) participated in this study during a supportive care following the first diagnosis of cancer or a relapse. All patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), in addition to the PO-Bado-FSF., Results: PO-Bado-FSF scores exhibit sound psychometric qualities such as internal consistency, test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, and scalability (i.e. Mokken's scalability coefficients); all items loaded significantly on the single CFA factor and yielded coefficients 0.40 or higher., Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the value of using PO-Bado-FSF to identify psychological distress in cancer patients in research and practice. PO-Bado-FSF presents good psychometric properties and is less time-consuming than the standard version., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors., (© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Published
2019
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9. Development and Validation of the School Refusal Evaluation Scale for Adolescents.

Author

Gallé-Tessonneau M and Gana K

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, France, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Self Report, Absenteeism, Emotions, Surveys and Questionnaires standards
Abstract

Objective: School refusal (SR) is considered as a clinical form of emotionally based school absenteeism related to the experience of strong negative emotions when attending school. However, there are no psychometrically sound measures specifically designed to assess SR. The aim of the present research was to develop and validate a multidimensional self-report measure of SR: the SChool REfusal EvaluatioN Scale (SCREEN) for adolescents., Methods: Two studies were performed to develop this scale. Study 1 used content analysis on 42 semi-directed interviews to identify and organize the indicators of SR and to generate items. The item pool was then reviewed by experts to construct a pilot scale. Study 2 examined the psychometric properties of this pilot scale of the SCREEN in a community sample of 649 French adolescents (age: 10-16 years) and a clinical sample of 31 adolescents., Results: The initial SCREEN structure was identified via exploratory factor analysis, and the resultant model was validated using confirmatory factor analysis. In its final version (an 18-item, four-factor measurement model), the SCREEN reliably measures four interrelated aspects of SR. Data suggest good reliability and validity of scores on this SR measure. Results of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated good accuracy of the SCREEN (sensitivity = .94 and specificity = .88)., Conclusions: The SCREEN offers a new and valid measure to assess SR in research and clinical settings.

Published
2019
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10. Spirituality, social support, and flexibility among older adults: a five-year longitudinal study.

Author

Bailly N, Martinent G, Ferrand C, Agli O, Giraudeau C, Gana K, and Roussiau N

Subjects
Aged, Female, France, Health Surveys, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Personal Satisfaction, Religion, Social Support, Spirituality
Abstract

ABSTRACTObjectives:The objectives of the study were to examine the trajectory of spirituality among older adults, to investigate the roles of gender and religion on the developmental trajectory of spirituality, and to explore whether the linear growth of spirituality accelerated or decelerated at time points at which the participants reported high scores of social support and flexibility., Design: A five-year longitudinal study., Setting: The research used data from a longitudinal study, which follows a non-institutionalized older adults cohort of residents from France. The data used in this paper were collected at three time points (T1: 2007; T2: 2009; T3: 2012)., Participants: A total of 567 participants were included in the analysis (59.44% female; Mage = 75.90, SD = 5.12)., Measurements: Multilevel growth curve analysis was used measuring spirituality, satisfaction with social support, and flexibility., Results: The results indicated the following: (1) stability of spirituality over time, (2) older women reported higher levels of spirituality than older men, and those who had a religion reported higher scores of spirituality than their counterparts who had no religion (these effects were strong and clinically meaningful), (3) older adults who reported higher levels of social support and flexibility also reported higher levels of spirituality, and (4) the slope of spirituality seemed to accelerate at time points at which participants also had higher levels of social support and flexibility (these effects were rather small but of theoretical interest)., Conclusion: The results of the present study help to improve the understanding of the potential benefit of encouraging the spiritual aspects of life.

Published
2018
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11. Longitudinal Patterns of Stability and Change in Tenacious Goal Pursuit and Flexible Goal Adjustment among Older People over a 9-Year Period.

Author

Martinent G, Bailly N, Ferrand C, Gana K, Giraudeau C, and Joulain M

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Quality of Life, Adaptation, Psychological physiology, Depressive Disorder physiopathology, Depressive Disorder psychology, Self Concept
Abstract

Using the dual-process model of assimilative-tenacity (TGP) and accommodative-flexibility (FGA), the study aims to identify trajectories of TGP and FGA over five time points within a 9-year period, explore the relationships between the trajectories of TGP and FGA, and explore if participants from distinct TGP and FGA trajectories differed in indicators of well-being and depression. Latent class growth analysis was used in a five-wave longitudinal design among an older population of 747 participants over 65 years. Results highlight (1) emergence of four trajectories for flexibility (low and increasing, moderate and increasing, moderately high and stable, and high and stable trajectories) and three trajectories for tenacity (low and stable, moderate and stable, and high and decreasing trajectories), (2) that older people belonging to particular trajectories of FGA are not more likely to belong to particular trajectories of TGP, and (3) that participants from the high and decreasing TGP and high or moderately high and stable FGA trajectories were characterized by high score of perceived health, satisfaction with life, and self-esteem and low score of depression moods. These results highlight that the heterogeneity in longitudinal TGP and FGA scores throughout the life span needs to be accounted for in future research.

Published
2017
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13. Tenacious goal pursuit and flexible goal adjustment in older people over 5 years: a latent profile transition analysis.

Author

Bailly N, Martinent G, Ferrand C, Gana K, Joulain M, and Maintier C

Subjects
Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depression diagnosis, Depression psychology, Female, Geriatric Assessment methods, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Personal Satisfaction, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quality of Life, Time Factors, Adaptation, Psychological, Aging psychology, Goals, Health Status, Mental Health
Abstract

Background: previous research has shown that tendencies to tenaciously pursue goals (TGP) and flexibly adapt goals (FGA) relate to well-being of older people., Objectives: this study aimed to identify subpopulations of elderly people with different coping profiles, describe change in participants' profiles over time and determine the influence of coping profiles on well-being over a 5-year period., Methods: latent profile transition analysis (LPTA) was used in a three-wave longitudinal data collection measuring flexibility, tenacity, depression, self-rated health and life satisfaction among an elderly population over 65 years old., Results: three coping profiles were identified. Profile 1 was characterised by participants with high flexibility and tenacity scores, Profile 2 with moderate flexibility and low tenacity scores and Profile 3 with low flexibility and moderate tenacity scores. Results indicate stability of these profiles over time, with Profile 1 being the most adaptive in terms of ageing well., Conclusion: high flexibility and tenacity in older people is a stable coping profile that is associated with successful ageing., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Published
2016
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