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This pocket data book contains main S&T and innovation indicators for the Russian Federation. The publication includes the most recent statistical data on R&D input and output, as well as international comparisons. The data book includes information of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Statistical Office (Eurostat), UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), national statistical offices of other countries, and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge. In some cases, the presented data specify those published earlier.

This pocket data book contains main S&T and innovation indicators for the Russian Federation. The publication includes the most recent statistical data on R&D input and output, as well as international comparisons. The data book includes information of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Statistical Office (Eurostat), UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), national statistical offices of other countries, and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge. In some cases, 2019 data are preliminary.

We describe the method of pattern analysis and the results of its application to the problem of analyzing the development of science, education and the success of innovative activity in the regions of the Russian Federation. We examine characteristics of the regions of Russia such as the level of socio-economic conditions and the potential and efficiency of science, education and innovative activity from 2007 to 2010. Also we obtain a classification of regions by the similarity of the internal structure of these indicators, construct trajectories of regional development over time, and find groups of regions carrying out similar strategies.

Thomas Gstraunthaler- Leading Research Fellow, Laboratory for Economics of Innovation, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, E-mail: tgstraunthaler@hse.ru Address: 20 Myasnitskaya str., Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation.Galina Sagieva- Head, Division for Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer Studies, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, E-mail: sagieva@hse.ru Address: 20 Myasnitskaya Str., Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation.This paper attempts to summarize and systematize the landscape of the global venture capital industry. It presents major basic business models and investment strategies, assesses the contribution of venture capital (VC) to economic growth, and the incentives and constraints for VC’s development, and it identifies research gaps in this area.Venture capital is often regarded as the only source of support for start-ups, particularly for those in high-tech innovative sectors. The authors explore the reasons for this. In contrast to more traditional investors, VCs provide targeted investment, and they maintain a long-term strategic focus. Financial capital is only one benefit they provide for entrepreneurs. They provide industry knowledge and social capital, often vital for success. Also, venture capital serves as an intermediation device in finding further finance. These benefits focus the attention of public administration in venture capital and pro-investment policies to build strength and assure future competitiveness. The authors conclude that governments can only do so much to spur creative thinking and entrepreneurial activities. Their support is best placed in education, oriented toward a culture which rewards competitive and entrepreneurial thinking. Results of such policy mature slowly but they can be vital.In conclusion, the authors point to the need to introduce new and refined research strategies promoting VC. One key focus to study venture capital is to understand how the industry itself is developing through its own drive. It would help to examine comparatively a country’s initiatives, which would allow policy makers to understand where the industry is going and how best to support or participate in growth. It would also allow distinguishing among segments of the venture capital market. Finally, further analysis of the VC industry should be conducted through the prism of its internationalization.

The development of Russian science in the last decade is characterized by very contradictory trends. Their understanding deserves special attention in the justification of the measures of state science and technology policies and their implementation. It is sufficient to say that despite the significant increase in domestic expenditure on research and development, the volume of which in terms of fixed prices for the period 1995-2005 increased by 83.3%, while the employment in this sector decreased by 23.4%. and the effectiveness of scientific activity is also steadily decreasing, that is expressed by a wide range of indicators of publication and patent activity, the creation and commercialization of technologies, etc. This article presents an analysis of bibliometric indicators allowing to assess progress and quality of activities, primarily in the basic sciences, by study size, structure and dynamics of the created scientific knowledge. Note: Downloadable document is in Russian.

Patent data provide a rich set of information which can be used for comparative studies and trend analysis. The paper presents a systematic overview of the most appropriate tools methodologies that are available for determining the technological specialization of countries. Such analysis includes a discussion of databases, approaches, and indexes appropriate for this kind of analysis. This paper discusses different indicators of technological specialisation, concentration, and patent quality are analysed, including Revealed Technological Advantage (RTA) index, patent share, C20 concentration index, and Gini concentration index. the main available patent databases, especially those with open access, and summarizes arguments for the study of technological specialisation based on assignee and inventor patent data. Also the limits and potentials of the statistics on resident / nonresident patenting on internal and external markets are discussed in the paper.