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4. Effect of tear additives on the shear stress and normal stress acting on the ocular surface

Author

Jones, M. B., Fulford, G. R., Please, C. P., Sean McElwain, and Collins, M. J.

Subjects
sense organs, eye diseases
Abstract

Based on lubrication theory, an elastohydrodynamic model of the human tear film is presented. Using this model we investigate the effect altering the viscosity of the tears has on the stresses acting on the cornea during a blink. In order to model the compliant cornea and eyelid surface, a mattress model is employed. This model is then coupled with the lubrication model of the tear film leading to a one-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equation governing the fluid pressure in the lubrication film. The differential equation is solved numerically using a finite-difference scheme. The results indicate that typical tear additives will lead to an increase in the shear stress acting on the cornea. This in turn may effect the shedding rates of corneal epithelial cells. The model is also of use in predicting the drag force the eyelid exerts on a contact lens and in assessing how tear additives may effect the movement and rotation of the contact lens.

Published
2007

6. Force distribution along a slender body straddling an interface.

Author

Fulford, G. R. and Blake, J. R.

Abstract

Line distributions of Stokes flow singularities are used to model the flow around a slender body which is straddling a flat interface between two viscous fluids. Motion of the slender body parallel to the interface and normal to the interface is considered where the axis of symmetry of the slender body is always perpendicular to the undisturbed interface. Asymptotic approximations to the force distributions on the slender body are evaluated and the relative contributions of that part of the slender body in one fluid to the force distribution in the other fluid and of the interface interaction to the force distribution are examined. It is observed that a shielding region exists about the interface which is due to the interaction with that part of the slender body in the other fluid. Finally, for parallel motion, the first order interface deformation is calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1986
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