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1. Meaningful Youth Engagement in Sustainability Processes in Japan and Finland: A Comparative Assessment.

Author

Fukuda, Miki and Zusman, Eric

Abstract

In many countries, young people are justifiably viewed as possessing the energy and ideas required to advance the sustainability agenda. However, the degree to which youth can influence that agenda depends on how meaningfully they engage in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and related processes. Further, the extent to which they can meaningfully engage may vary across countries. Though studies have shed light on the core elements of meaningful youth engagement, those insights have not been used to compare how these elements vary across countries. The paper aims to fill this knowledge gap with a preliminary assessment of youth engagement in sustainability processes in Finland and Japan. The approach used herein draws upon relevant literature to construct an analytical framework comprised of four key elements underpinning meaningful youth engagement: (1) aims and justifications; (2) power-sharing; (3) transparency and accountability; and (4) support. The study then employs text mining, institutional analysis, and key informant interviews to offer a preliminary assessment of how meaningfully youth have engaged in sustainability processes in Finland and Japan. The assessment reveals that youth engagement mechanisms in Finland more clearly explicate aims and justifications, balance power dynamics, and enhance transparency and accountability than in Japan. Both countries could do more to offer support to young people. The article also suggests that additional research is needed on three areas: (1) the effect of underlying socio-cultural differences on youth engagement; (2) the relationship between youth engagement and the performance of SDGs 4, 7, and 13; and (3) the role of education as an upstream enabler of engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Putting Societal Well-Being at the Core of G7 Climate Strategies: Entry Points and Enabling Reforms

Author

Zhou, Xin, Zusman, Eric, Moinuddin, Mustafa, Dirksen, Jakob, Ojha, Nabaghan, Javed, Sumbal, Moumné, Rolla, Rigoni, Gabriela, Yano, Satoko, Lima de Miranda, Katharina, Hengesbaugh, Matthew, Fukuda, Miki, Olsen, Simon, Stracquadaini, José, and Ikram, Aamer

Subjects
Climate Change
Abstract

Integrating the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into climate actions is essential fora healthy planet and people. Yet, national climate policies and international climate supportprograms often fail to explicitly recognize the interconnections between climate concernsand other priorities covered under the SDGs. This failure can leave key segments of societybehind or marginalize stakeholders who are natural allies in the fight against climate change.This policy brief recommends that the G7 actively promote the adoption of national climatepolicies and international climate support programs with societal well-being at theircore. Many interventions can bring well-being into the center of climate actions. However,this brief highlights three sets of often overlooked entry points that can leverage linksbetween climate and well-being: (i) social protection and health (SDGs 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, and 16);(ii) quality education for all (SDGs 4, 10, and 16); and (iii) gender equality (SDGs 5, 8, and 16).The brief further recommends that the successful and widescale implementation of actionswithin those entry points needs to be supported by two sets of enabling reforms. The firstis shifting to multidimensional well-being measures as policy yardstick indicators (SDG 17);and the second is institutional/fiscal reforms to enable the formulation and implementationof climate strategies featuring societal well-being (SDGs 16 and 17). An inclusive, bottom-upparticipatory approach that engages marginalized stakeholders in the G7 and other countriescan help guide the selection of other similarly intended recommendations beyond thosefeatured in this brief.

Published
2023

4. Field Report on 'Graduation research' 2019

Author

NURITA, Yoshie, KITAHARA, Tatsuro, SHIMADA, Masao, FUKUDA, Miki, TSUSHIMI, Seiko, ANDO, Megumi, MIZUNUMA, Hisao, KINJYO, Yukihiro, ASANO, Takanari, IWAI, Kana, GOTO, Makiko, SHIBUKI, Yosuke, TSUIZAKI, Kanako, FURUYA, Sae, YOSHIOKA, Shogo, and WATARAI, Airi

Published
2020

5. 気候・環境関連分野に関するG7サミットの成果とエンゲージメントグループによる提案の比較から読み解けること

Author

Amanuma, Nobue, Fukuda, Miki, Onoda, Shinji, and 小野田, 真二

Subjects
Governance and Civil Society
Abstract

2021年は英国がG7の議長を務め、サミット及び一連の大臣会合を開催した。G7には、エンゲージメントグループという、政府から独立したステークホルダーが提言や政策対話を行う仕組みが存在する。各エンゲージメントグループは、本年６月に開催されたG7サミットに先立ち、G7で議論される分野に関してそれぞれ提言をまとめ、公開した。本稿では、気候・環境分野に関する各エンゲージメントグループの提言を整理し、G7サミットの成果とエンゲージメントグループの提言を主に比較した。その結果、エンゲージメントグループによる提言の多くは、G7カービスベイ首脳コミュニケ（首脳コミュニケ）及び付属文書、気候・環境大臣会合コミュニケ（大臣会合コミュニケ）等で合意された内容の中に何らかの形で言及がなされていることが分かった。気候変動分野では、特に気候資金に対して各グループからの注目の高さが伺えた他、生物多様性分野では首脳コミュニケの付属文書として「G7・2030年自然協約」が採択され、エンゲージメントグループの提言が概ね反映されていると言える。加えて、ビジネス界はB7という独自のグループを有するが、他のエンゲージメントグループから企業活動に関する要望が数多く見られ、気候・環境分野でビジネス界が果たすべき役割の大きさが再確認された。また、ジェンダー平等の観点を中心に、包摂的なアプローチが強く意識されたことが見て取れる一方で、気候変動や環境問題に関連した教育については、首脳・大臣会合コミュニケの双方においてほとんど言及が見られなかった。最後に、G7の非連続性とアカウンタビリティ・メカニズムの欠如という課題に対し、コミュニケと進捗状況のモニタリング・レビューという、エンゲージメントグループが担える役割を提案するとともに、今後の研究課題について提案をした。

Published
2021

14. Effect of Jungle Honey on Immune Function and Anti-tumor Activity

Author

FUKUDA, Miki, MIYAGAWA, Mayuko, and TAKEUCHI, Minoru

Subjects
抗腫瘍活性, 好中球, Jungle honey, neutrophil, ジャングルハニー, 走化性, anti-tumor activity, 免疫機能, chemotaxis, immune function
Abstract

ジャングルハニーは，ナイジェリアの熱帯雨林に生息する野生の蜂が長期にわたり樹木や花から集めてきた蜂蜜である．ナイジェリアでは，この蜂蜜が健康や美容の他，風邪，皮膚炎，火傷の治療薬，疾患予防薬として古くから利用されてきた．しかし，その作用機構については解明されておらず，免疫学的な作用については殆んど報告がされていない．そこで，ジャングルハニーによる免疫機能への影響と腫瘍に対する抗腫瘍効果について検討した．ジャングルハニー（1mg／匹）を7日間連続投与により，総腹腔細胞数は，対照のPBS投与群1.17±0.11×10^6個／匹（mean± S.E.）に比較して，ジャングルハニー投与群5.13±0.28×10^6個／匹で，4.38倍の有意(p

Published
2009

15. Development of a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for salmon insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1b

Author

Fukuda, Miki, Kaneko, Nobuto, Kawaguchi, Kohei, Hevroy, Ernst M., Hara, Akihiko, Shimizu, Munetaka, Fukuda, Miki, Kaneko, Nobuto, Kawaguchi, Kohei, Hevroy, Ernst M., Hara, Akihiko, and Shimizu, Munetaka

Abstract

In salmon plasma/serum, three major insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are consistently detected at 22-, 28- and 41-kDa. The 22-kDa form has been identified as IGFBP-1b and shown to increase under catabolic conditions. We developed a competitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) for salmon IGFBP-1b. Purified salmon IGFBP-1b was used for biotin-labeling, assay standard and antiserum production. The TR-FIA did not cross-react with the 41-kDa form (IGFBP-2b) but showed 3% cross-reactivity with the 28-kDa form (IGFBP-1a). It measured IGFBP-1b levels as low as 0.4 ng/ml, and ED80 and ED20 were 0.9 and 24.6 ng/ml, respectively. There appears to be little interference by IGF-I. Using the TR-FIA, serum IGFBP-1b levels were measured in individually-tagged underyearling masu salmon fed or fasted for 5 weeks, or fasted for 3 weeks followed by refeeding for 2 weeks. Fasting for 3 weeks significantly increased circulating IGFBP-1b levels, while it returned to the basal levels after prolonged fasting for additional 2 weeks. Serum IGFBP-1b level negatively correlated with body weight, condition factor, specific growth rate and serum IGF-I level. During parr-smolt transformation of masu salmon, average circulating IGFBP-1b levels were the highest in May. There was a positive correlation between serum IGFBP-1b and IGF-I, which is in contrast to that in the fasting/feeding experiment. IGFBP-1b also showed a positive relationship with gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity. These results suggest that the relationship between circulating IGFBP-1b and IGF-I during smoltification differs from that during fasting and IGFBP-1b may play a role in the development of hypoosmoregulatory ability. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2015

16. Responses of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and two IGF-binding protein-1 subtypes to fasting and re-feeding, and their relationships with individual growth rates in yearling masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou)

Author

Kawaguchi, Kohei, Kaneko, Nobuto, Fukuda, Miki, Nakano, Yusuke, Kimura, Shizuo, Hara, Akihiko, Shimizu, Munetaka, Kawaguchi, Kohei, Kaneko, Nobuto, Fukuda, Miki, Nakano, Yusuke, Kimura, Shizuo, Hara, Akihiko, and Shimizu, Munetaka

Abstract

Two subtypes of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-1 are present in salmon blood and they are both up-regulated under catabolic conditions such as stress. The present study examined effects of fasting and re-feeding on IGFBP-1a (28-kDa form) and IGFBP-1b (22-kDa form) both at mRNA and protein levels along with IGF-I and RNA/DNA ratio in yearling masu salmon. Fish were individually tagged and assigned to one of three treatments: Fed, Fasted or Re-fed. Circulating IGF-I levels significantly decreased after fasting for 5 weeks and were positively correlated with individual growth rates. Liver igf-1 mRNA levels were not affected by the treatment. Muscle RNA/DNA ratio did not respond to fasting nor showed correlations with growth rates. Circulating IGFBP-1a and IGFBP-1b increased during fasting and decreased after re-feeding. Both serum levels were inversely correlated with growth rates, while IGFBP-1b had consistent negative relationships with growth rates. Fasting/re-feeding also affected their mRNA levels in the liver. These results suggest that circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-1b could serve as positive and negative indices of growth, respectively, in masu salmon. Different sensitivities of IGBP-1a and IGFBP-1b may be useful to assess a broad range of catabolic conditions when they are combined.

Published
2013

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