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58 results on '"Estonian Science Foundation"'

1. Cardiovascular And Metabolic Risk After Arthroplasty (CAMERA)

Author: Tartu University Hospital, Estonian Science Foundation, and Kaspar Tootsi, Orthopedic research fellow
Published: 2024

2. Acute Local Metabolomic Alterations in Blood and Muscle Tissue in Intermittent Claudication

Author: Tartu University Hospital, Estonian Science Foundation, and Jaak Kals, MD, Professor
Published: 2022

3. Prognostic Hemodynamic and Metabolic Profiles of Late Stage Lower Extremity Arterial Disease (PREDICTOR)

Author: Estonian Science Foundation, Tartu University Hospital, and Jaak Kals, Principal Investigator
Published: 2019

4. Global fine-resolution data on springtail abundance and community structure

Author: Russian Science Foundation, Leipzig University, German Research Foundation, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Carl Tryggers Foundation, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Australian Research Council, National Science Foundation (US), American Association of University Women, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), National Natural Science Foundation of China, South African National Antarctic Programme, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Estonian Science Foundation, Government of Canada, St. John's University, Ministére de l'Education Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie (France), Latvian Council of Science, Massey University, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Royal Society Te Apārangi, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Natural Resources Canada, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Nanyang Technological University, Potapov, Anton [0000-0002-4456-1710], Striuchkova, Anastasia V. [0000-0002-6666-5844], Alatalo, Juha M. [0000-0001-5084-850X], Arbea, Javier I. [0000-0001-6122-1331], Babenko, Anatoly [0000-0002-6077-0619], Barnes, Andrew D. [0000-0002-6499-381X], Bellini, Bruno C. [0000-0001-7881-9436], Bernava, Verónica [0000-0002-7654-7913], Bokhorst, Stef [0000-0003-0184-1162], Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela [0000-0002-5405-5221], Chauvat, Matthieu [0000-0002-4831-5904], Chomel, Mathilde [0000-0001-5110-2355], Chown, Steven L. [0000-0001-6069-5105], Classen, Aimme T. [0000-0002-6741-3470], de Lima, Estevam C. A. [0000-0002-1680-4818], Doblas-Miranda, E. [0000-0003-3366-2759], Drescher. Jochen [0000-0002-5162-9779], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Ferlian, Olga [0000-0002-2536-7592], Filser, Juliane [0000-0003-1535-6168], Franken, Oscar [0000-0001-8361-3117], Greve, Michelle [0000-0002-6229-8506], Holmstrup, Martin [0000-0001-8395-6582], Homet, Pablo [0000-0002-4285-6953], Høye, Toke T. [0000-0001-5387-3284], Janion-Scheepers, C. [0000-0001-5942-7912], Jochum, Malte [0000-0002-8728-1145], Jucevica, Edite [0000-0002-0710-9450], Kapinga, Esther M. [0000-0002-2454-6820], Kovac, L'ubomír [0000-0001-8194-2128], Krab, Eveline J. [0000-0001-8262-0198], Henning Krogh, Paul [0000-0003-2033-553X], Lindo, Zoë [0000-0001-9942-7204], Lu, Jing-Zhong [0000-0002-4051-8993], Luciánez Sánchez, Mª J. [0000-0001-5679-0951], Mawan, Amanda [0000-0003-1820-7432], Moreno Mateos, D. [0000-0002-1539-5848], Negri, Ilaria [0000-0001-5188-1408], Nielsen, Uffe N. [0000-0003-2400-7453], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos I. [0000-0002-9010-481X], Palacios-Vargas, José [0000-0001-9097-6813], Pollierer, Melani M. [0000-0002-1498-2362], Potapov, Mikhail B. [0000-0002-6111-3354], Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz [0000-0002-5178-4445], Raymond-Léonard, Laura J. [0000-0002-7324-7843], Saifutdinov, Ruslan [0000-0002-8878-3630], Sayer, Emma J. [0000-0002-3322-4487], Seeber, Julia [0000-0003-0189-7377], Shveenkova, Yulia B. [0000-0003-1887-8551], Slade, Eleanor M. [0000-0002-6108-1196], Sterzynska, Maria [0000-0001-9712-4285], Sun, Xin [0000-0002-3988-7847], Taskaeva, Anastasia A. [0000-0002-4519-8458], Thakur, Madhav P. [0000-0001-9426-1313], Tsiafouli, Maria A. [0000-0003-0203-8347], Twala, Mthokozisi N. [0000-0001-6499-1892], Winck, Bruna [0000-0002-7996-9855], Winkler, Daniel E.[0000-0002-6008-0562], Yin, Rui [0000-0002-4580-1317], Zeppelini, Douglas [0000-0002-9026-1129], Scheu, Stefan [0000-0003-4350-9520], Potapov, Anton, Chen, Ting-Wen, Striuchkova, Anastasia V., Alatalo, Juha M., Alexandre, Douglas, Arbea, Javier I., Ashton, Thomas, Ashwood, Frank, Babenko, Anatoly, Bandyopadhyaya, Ipsa, Duarte Maluche Baretta, Carolina R., Joimel, Sophie, Jorge, Bruna Claudia S., Jucevica, Edite, Kapinga, Esther M., Kovac, L'ubomír, Krab, Eveline J., Henning Krogh, Paul, Kuu, Annely, Kuznetsova, Natalia A., Lam Weng, Ngai, Russell, David J., Lin, Dunmei, Lindo, Zoë, Liu, Amy, Lu, Jing-Zhong, Luciánez Sánchez, Mª J., Marx, Michael T., Mawan, Amanda, McCary, Matthew A., Minor, María A., Mitchell, Grace I., Saifutdinov, Ruslan, Moreno Mateos, D., Nakamori, Taizo, Negri, Ilaria, Nielsen, Uffe N., Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos I., Palacios-Vargas, José, Pollierer, Melani M., Ponge, Jean-François, Potapov, Mikhail B., Salmon, Sandrine, Querner, Pascal, Rai, Bibishan, Raschmanová, Natália, Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz, Raymond-Léonard, Laura J., Reis, Aline S., Ross, Giles M., Rousseau, Laurent, Santoja, Mathieu, Saraeva, Anna K., Sayer, Emma J., Scheunemann, Nicole, Scholz, Cornelia, Seeber, Julia, Shaw, Peter, Baretta, Dilmar, Shveenkova, Yulia B., Slade, Eleanor M., Stebaeva, Sophya K., Sterzynska, Maria, Sun, Xin, Susanti, Winda I., Taskaeva, Anastasia A., Tay, Li Si, Thakur, Madhav P., Treasure, Anne M., Barnes, Andrew D., Tsiafouli, Maria A., Twala, Mthokozisi N., Uvarov, Alexei V., Vernier, Lisa A., Widenfalk, Lina A., Widyastuti, Rahayu, Winck, Bruna, Winkler, Daniel E., Wu, Donghui, Xie, Zhijing, Bellini, Bruno C., Yin, Rui, Zampaulo, Robson A., Zeppelini, Douglas, Zhang, Bing, Zoughailech, Abdelmalek, Ashford, Oliver, Klauberg-Filho, Osmar, Scheu, Stefan, Bendjaballah, Mohamed, Berg, Matty P., Bernava, Verónica, Bokhorst, Stef, Bokova, Anna I., Bolger, Thomas, Bouchard, Mathieu, Brito, Roniere A., Buchori, Damayanti, Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela, Chauvat, Matthieu, Chomel, Mathilde, Chow, Yasuko, Chown, Steven L., Classen, Aimme T., Cortet, Jérôme, Čuchta, Peter, Pedrosa, Ana M. de la, de Lima, Estevam C. A., Deharveng, Louis, Doblas-Miranda, E., Drescher. Jochen, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ellers, J., Ferlian, Olga, Ferreira, Susana S. D., Ferreira, Alisa S., Fiera, Cristina, Filser, Juliane, Franken, Oscar, Fujii, S., Gagnon Koudji, Essivi, Gao, Meixiang, Gendreau-Berthiaume, Benoit, Gers. Charles, Greve, Michelle, Hamra-Kroua, Salah, Tanya Handa, Ira, Hasegawa, Motohiro, Heiniger, Charlène, Hishi, Takuo, Holmstrup, Martin, Homet, Pablo, Høye, Toke T., Ivask, Mari, Jacques, Bob, Janion-Scheepers, C., Jochum, Malte, Russian Science Foundation, Leipzig University, German Research Foundation, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Carl Tryggers Foundation, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Australian Research Council, National Science Foundation (US), American Association of University Women, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), National Natural Science Foundation of China, South African National Antarctic Programme, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Estonian Science Foundation, Government of Canada, St. John's University, Ministére de l'Education Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie (France), Latvian Council of Science, Massey University, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Royal Society Te Apārangi, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Natural Resources Canada, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Nanyang Technological University, Potapov, Anton [0000-0002-4456-1710], Striuchkova, Anastasia V. [0000-0002-6666-5844], Alatalo, Juha M. [0000-0001-5084-850X], Arbea, Javier I. [0000-0001-6122-1331], Babenko, Anatoly [0000-0002-6077-0619], Barnes, Andrew D. [0000-0002-6499-381X], Bellini, Bruno C. [0000-0001-7881-9436], Bernava, Verónica [0000-0002-7654-7913], Bokhorst, Stef [0000-0003-0184-1162], Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela [0000-0002-5405-5221], Chauvat, Matthieu [0000-0002-4831-5904], Chomel, Mathilde [0000-0001-5110-2355], Chown, Steven L. [0000-0001-6069-5105], Classen, Aimme T. [0000-0002-6741-3470], de Lima, Estevam C. A. [0000-0002-1680-4818], Doblas-Miranda, E. [0000-0003-3366-2759], Drescher. Jochen [0000-0002-5162-9779], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Ferlian, Olga [0000-0002-2536-7592], Filser, Juliane [0000-0003-1535-6168], Franken, Oscar [0000-0001-8361-3117], Greve, Michelle [0000-0002-6229-8506], Holmstrup, Martin [0000-0001-8395-6582], Homet, Pablo [0000-0002-4285-6953], Høye, Toke T. [0000-0001-5387-3284], Janion-Scheepers, C. [0000-0001-5942-7912], Jochum, Malte [0000-0002-8728-1145], Jucevica, Edite [0000-0002-0710-9450], Kapinga, Esther M. [0000-0002-2454-6820], Kovac, L'ubomír [0000-0001-8194-2128], Krab, Eveline J. [0000-0001-8262-0198], Henning Krogh, Paul [0000-0003-2033-553X], Lindo, Zoë [0000-0001-9942-7204], Lu, Jing-Zhong [0000-0002-4051-8993], Luciánez Sánchez, Mª J. [0000-0001-5679-0951], Mawan, Amanda [0000-0003-1820-7432], Moreno Mateos, D. [0000-0002-1539-5848], Negri, Ilaria [0000-0001-5188-1408], Nielsen, Uffe N. [0000-0003-2400-7453], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos I. [0000-0002-9010-481X], Palacios-Vargas, José [0000-0001-9097-6813], Pollierer, Melani M. [0000-0002-1498-2362], Potapov, Mikhail B. [0000-0002-6111-3354], Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz [0000-0002-5178-4445], Raymond-Léonard, Laura J. [0000-0002-7324-7843], Saifutdinov, Ruslan [0000-0002-8878-3630], Sayer, Emma J. [0000-0002-3322-4487], Seeber, Julia [0000-0003-0189-7377], Shveenkova, Yulia B. [0000-0003-1887-8551], Slade, Eleanor M. [0000-0002-6108-1196], Sterzynska, Maria [0000-0001-9712-4285], Sun, Xin [0000-0002-3988-7847], Taskaeva, Anastasia A. [0000-0002-4519-8458], Thakur, Madhav P. [0000-0001-9426-1313], Tsiafouli, Maria A. [0000-0003-0203-8347], Twala, Mthokozisi N. [0000-0001-6499-1892], Winck, Bruna [0000-0002-7996-9855], Winkler, Daniel E.[0000-0002-6008-0562], Yin, Rui [0000-0002-4580-1317], Zeppelini, Douglas [0000-0002-9026-1129], Scheu, Stefan [0000-0003-4350-9520], Potapov, Anton, Chen, Ting-Wen, Striuchkova, Anastasia V., Alatalo, Juha M., Alexandre, Douglas, Arbea, Javier I., Ashton, Thomas, Ashwood, Frank, Babenko, Anatoly, Bandyopadhyaya, Ipsa, Duarte Maluche Baretta, Carolina R., Joimel, Sophie, Jorge, Bruna Claudia S., Jucevica, Edite, Kapinga, Esther M., Kovac, L'ubomír, Krab, Eveline J., Henning Krogh, Paul, Kuu, Annely, Kuznetsova, Natalia A., Lam Weng, Ngai, Russell, David J., Lin, Dunmei, Lindo, Zoë, Liu, Amy, Lu, Jing-Zhong, Luciánez Sánchez, Mª J., Marx, Michael T., Mawan, Amanda, McCary, Matthew A., Minor, María A., Mitchell, Grace I., Saifutdinov, Ruslan, Moreno Mateos, D., Nakamori, Taizo, Negri, Ilaria, Nielsen, Uffe N., Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos I., Palacios-Vargas, José, Pollierer, Melani M., Ponge, Jean-François, Potapov, Mikhail B., Salmon, Sandrine, Querner, Pascal, Rai, Bibishan, Raschmanová, Natália, Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz, Raymond-Léonard, Laura J., Reis, Aline S., Ross, Giles M., Rousseau, Laurent, Santoja, Mathieu, Saraeva, Anna K., Sayer, Emma J., Scheunemann, Nicole, Scholz, Cornelia, Seeber, Julia, Shaw, Peter, Baretta, Dilmar, Shveenkova, Yulia B., Slade, Eleanor M., Stebaeva, Sophya K., Sterzynska, Maria, Sun, Xin, Susanti, Winda I., Taskaeva, Anastasia A., Tay, Li Si, Thakur, Madhav P., Treasure, Anne M., Barnes, Andrew D., Tsiafouli, Maria A., Twala, Mthokozisi N., Uvarov, Alexei V., Vernier, Lisa A., Widenfalk, Lina A., Widyastuti, Rahayu, Winck, Bruna, Winkler, Daniel E., Wu, Donghui, Xie, Zhijing, Bellini, Bruno C., Yin, Rui, Zampaulo, Robson A., Zeppelini, Douglas, Zhang, Bing, Zoughailech, Abdelmalek, Ashford, Oliver, Klauberg-Filho, Osmar, Scheu, Stefan, Bendjaballah, Mohamed, Berg, Matty P., Bernava, Verónica, Bokhorst, Stef, Bokova, Anna I., Bolger, Thomas, Bouchard, Mathieu, Brito, Roniere A., Buchori, Damayanti, Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela, Chauvat, Matthieu, Chomel, Mathilde, Chow, Yasuko, Chown, Steven L., Classen, Aimme T., Cortet, Jérôme, Čuchta, Peter, Pedrosa, Ana M. de la, de Lima, Estevam C. A., Deharveng, Louis, Doblas-Miranda, E., Drescher. Jochen, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ellers, J., Ferlian, Olga, Ferreira, Susana S. D., Ferreira, Alisa S., Fiera, Cristina, Filser, Juliane, Franken, Oscar, Fujii, S., Gagnon Koudji, Essivi, Gao, Meixiang, Gendreau-Berthiaume, Benoit, Gers. Charles, Greve, Michelle, Hamra-Kroua, Salah, Tanya Handa, Ira, Hasegawa, Motohiro, Heiniger, Charlène, Hishi, Takuo, Holmstrup, Martin, Homet, Pablo, Høye, Toke T., Ivask, Mari, Jacques, Bob, Janion-Scheepers, C., and Jochum, Malte
Abstract: Springtails (Collembola) inhabit soils from the Arctic to the Antarctic and comprise an estimated ~32% of all terrestrial arthropods on Earth. Here, we present a global, spatially-explicit database on springtail communities that includes 249,912 occurrences from 44,999 samples and 2,990 sites. These data are mainly raw sample-level records at the species level collected predominantly from private archives of the authors that were quality-controlled and taxonomically-standardised. Despite covering all continents, most of the sample-level data come from the European continent (82.5% of all samples) and represent four habitats: woodlands (57.4%), grasslands (14.0%), agrosystems (13.7%) and scrublands (9.0%). We included sampling by soil layers, and across seasons and years, representing temporal and spatial within-site variation in springtail communities. We also provided data use and sharing guidelines and R code to facilitate the use of the database by other researchers. This data paper describes a static version of the database at the publication date, but the database will be further expanded to include underrepresented regions and linked with trait data.
Published: 2024

5. Connecting the multiple dimensions of global soil fungal diversity

Author: Estonian Science Foundation, Estonian Research Council, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Baltic Research Cooperation Programme, King Saud University, European Commission, British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Swedish Research Council, Ghent University, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Academy of Finland, National Science Foundation (US), Czech Science Foundation, Carlsberg Foundation, Qatar Petroleum, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina), Yunnan Province, Leopold III-Fonds, Research Foundation - Flanders, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Mikryukov, Vladimir [0000-0003-2786-2690], Dulya, Olesya [0000-0002-7185-8659], Zizka, Alexander [0000-0002-1680-9192], Bahram, Mohammad [0000-0002-9539-3307], Hagh-Doust, Niloufar [0000-0003-0616-5829], Anslan, Sten [0000-0002-2299-454X], Prylutskyi, Oleh [0000-0001-5730-517X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Nilsson, Henrik [0000-0002-8052-0107], Pärn, Jaan [0000-0001-6507-8894], Öpik, Maarja [0000-0001-8025-7460], Moora, Mari [0000-0002-4819-7506], Zobel, Martin [0000-0001-7957-6704], Espenberg, Mikk [0000-0003-0469-6394], Mander, Ülo [0000-0003-2340-6989], Khalid, Abdul Nasir [0000-0002-5635-8031], Corrales, Adriana [0000-0001-9885-4634], Agan, Ahto [0000-0001-9010-8944], Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M. [0000-0003-0539-9711], Rinaldi, Andrea [0000-0002-9352-1037], Verbeken, A. [0000-0002-6266-3091], Sulistyo, Bobby [0000-0002-5203-4822], Furneaux, Brendan [0000-0003-3522-7363], Duarte Ritter, Camila [0000-0002-3371-7425], Nyamukondiwa, Casper [0000-0002-0395-4980], Sharp, Cathy [0009-0003-4985-1543], Marín, César [0000-0002-2529-8929], Gohar, Daniyal [0000-0003-0312-1142], Klavina, Darta [0000-0002-1455-9062], Dai, Dong Qin [0000-0001-8935-8807], Nouhra, Eduardo [0000-0002-7080-8211], Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth [0000-0002-9877-2177], Rähn, Elisabeth [0009-0005-5521-4772], Cameron, Erin [0000-0002-3374-9830], Crop, Eske de [0000-0002-9067-6981], Otsing. Eveli [0000-0001-7416-257X], Albornoz, Felipe [0000-0001-9526-0945], Brearley, Francis [0000-0001-5053-5693], Buegger, Franz [0000-0003-3526-4711], Zahn, Geoffrey [0000-0002-8691-692X], Bonito, Gregory [0000-0002-7262-8978], Hiiesalu, Inga [0000-0002-5457-2376], Barrio, Isabel [0000-0002-8120-5248], Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob [0000-0003-4713-6004], Doležal, Jiří [0000-0002-5829-4051], Kupagme, John [0000-0002-9981-050X], Maciá-Vicente, José [0000-0002-7174-7270], Geml, József [0000-0001-8745-0423], Alatalo, Juha [0000-0001-5084-850X], Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta [0000-0002-5581-7443], Põldmaa, Kadri [0000-0002-7936-2455], Runnel, Kadrid [0000-0002-7308-3623], Bråthen, Kari Anne [0000-0003-0942-1074], Pritsch, Karin [0000-0001-6384-2473], Newsham, Kevin K. [0000-0002-9108-0936], Panksep, Kristel [0000-0003-4743-6111], Lateef, Adebola A. [0000-0002-0510-7996], Lamit, Louis J. [0000-0002-0385-6010], Saba, M. [0000-0001-7673-2345], Tuomi, Maria [0000-0002-7154-5177], Gryzenhout, M. [0000-0002-9224-4277], Bauters, Marijn [0000-0003-0978-6639], Wijayawardene, Nalin N. [0000-0003-0522-5498], Yorou, Nourou [0000-0001-6997-811X], Kurina, Olavi [0000-0002-4858-4629], Mortimer, Peter [0000-0003-3188-9327], Kohout, Petr [0000-0002-3985-2310], Puusepp, Rasmus [0000-0002-0617-3776], Garibay-Orijel, Roberto [0000-0002-6977-7550], Godoy, Roberto [0000-0002-3719-3091], Alkahtani, Saad [0000-0001-7381-5110], Rahimlou, Saleh [0000-0003-0427-1329], Dudov, Sergey [0000-0003-1512-0956], Ghosh, Soumya [0000-0002-4945-3516], Mundra, Sunil [0000-0002-0535-118X], Ahmed, Talaat [0000-0001-8022-1855], Netherway, Tarquin [0000-0002-9049-9225], Henkel, Terry [0000-0001-9760-8837], Roslin, Tomas [0000-0002-2957-4791], Nteziryayo, Vincent [0000-0002-0176-5780], Fedosov, V. [0000-0002-5331-6346], Lim, Young Woon [0000-0003-2864-3449], Van Nuland, Michael [0000-0002-3333-0212], Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A. [0000-0002-9584-2109], Antonelli, Alexandre [0000-0003-1842-9297], Kõljalg, Urmas [0000-0002-5171-1668], Abarenkov, K. [0000-0001-5526-4845, Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Mikryukov, Vladimir, Dulya, Olesya, Zizka, Alexander, Bahram, Mohammad, Hagh-Doust, Niloufar, Anslan, Sten, Prylutskyi, Oleh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Maestre, Fernando T., Nilsson, Henrik, Pärn, Jaan, Ahmed, Talaat, Netherway, Tarquin, Henkel, Terry, Roslin, Tomas, Nteziryayo, Vincent, Fedosov, V., Onipchenko, Vladimir, Yasanthika, W. A. Erand, Lim, Young Woon, Van Nuland, Michael, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Antonelli, Alexandre, Kõljalg, Urmas, Abarenkov, K., Tedersoo, Leho, Öpik, Maarja, Moora, Mari, Zobel, Martin, Espenberg, Mikk, Mander, Ülo, Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Corrales, Adriana, Agan, Ahto, Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M., Saitta, A., Rinaldi, Andrea, Verbeken, A., Sulistyo, Bobby, Tamgnoue, Boris, Furneaux, Brendan, Duarte Ritter, Camila, Nyamukondiwa, Casper, Sharp, Cathy, Marín, César, Gohar, Daniyal, Klavina, Darta, Sharmah, Dipon, Dai, Dong Qin, Nouhra, Eduardo, Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth, Rähn, Elisabeth, Cameron, Erin, Crop, Eske de, Otsing. Eveli, Albornoz, Felipe, Brearley, Francis, Buegger, Franz, Zahn, Geoffrey, Bonito, Gregory, Hiiesalu, Inga, Barrio, Isabel, Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob, Ankuda, Jelena, Doležal, Jiří, Kupagme, John, Maciá-Vicente, José, Djeugap Fovo, Joseph, Geml, József, Alatalo, Juha M., Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta, Põldmaa, Kadri, Runnel, Kadrid, Adamson, Kalev, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Pritsch, Karin, Tchan, Kassim I., Armolaitis, Kęstutis, Hyde, K.D., Newsham, Kevin K., Panksep, Kristel, Lateef, Adebola A., Hansson, Linda, Lamit, Louis J., Saba, M., Tuomi, Maria, Gryzenhout, M., Bauters, Marijn, Piepenbring, M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Yorou, Nourou, Kurina, Olavi, Mortimer, Peter, Meidl, Peter, Kohout, Petr, Puusepp, Rasmus, Drenkhan, Rein, Garibay-Orijel, Roberto, Godoy, Roberto, Alkahtani, Saad, Rahimlou, Saleh, Dudov, Sergey, Polme, Sergei, Ghosh, Soumya, Mundra, Sunil, Estonian Science Foundation, Estonian Research Council, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Baltic Research Cooperation Programme, King Saud University, European Commission, British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Swedish Research Council, Ghent University, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Academy of Finland, National Science Foundation (US), Czech Science Foundation, Carlsberg Foundation, Qatar Petroleum, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina), Yunnan Province, Leopold III-Fonds, Research Foundation - Flanders, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Mikryukov, Vladimir [0000-0003-2786-2690], Dulya, Olesya [0000-0002-7185-8659], Zizka, Alexander [0000-0002-1680-9192], Bahram, Mohammad [0000-0002-9539-3307], Hagh-Doust, Niloufar [0000-0003-0616-5829], Anslan, Sten [0000-0002-2299-454X], Prylutskyi, Oleh [0000-0001-5730-517X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Nilsson, Henrik [0000-0002-8052-0107], Pärn, Jaan [0000-0001-6507-8894], Öpik, Maarja [0000-0001-8025-7460], Moora, Mari [0000-0002-4819-7506], Zobel, Martin [0000-0001-7957-6704], Espenberg, Mikk [0000-0003-0469-6394], Mander, Ülo [0000-0003-2340-6989], Khalid, Abdul Nasir [0000-0002-5635-8031], Corrales, Adriana [0000-0001-9885-4634], Agan, Ahto [0000-0001-9010-8944], Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M. [0000-0003-0539-9711], Rinaldi, Andrea [0000-0002-9352-1037], Verbeken, A. [0000-0002-6266-3091], Sulistyo, Bobby [0000-0002-5203-4822], Furneaux, Brendan [0000-0003-3522-7363], Duarte Ritter, Camila [0000-0002-3371-7425], Nyamukondiwa, Casper [0000-0002-0395-4980], Sharp, Cathy [0009-0003-4985-1543], Marín, César [0000-0002-2529-8929], Gohar, Daniyal [0000-0003-0312-1142], Klavina, Darta [0000-0002-1455-9062], Dai, Dong Qin [0000-0001-8935-8807], Nouhra, Eduardo [0000-0002-7080-8211], Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth [0000-0002-9877-2177], Rähn, Elisabeth [0009-0005-5521-4772], Cameron, Erin [0000-0002-3374-9830], Crop, Eske de [0000-0002-9067-6981], Otsing. Eveli [0000-0001-7416-257X], Albornoz, Felipe [0000-0001-9526-0945], Brearley, Francis [0000-0001-5053-5693], Buegger, Franz [0000-0003-3526-4711], Zahn, Geoffrey [0000-0002-8691-692X], Bonito, Gregory [0000-0002-7262-8978], Hiiesalu, Inga [0000-0002-5457-2376], Barrio, Isabel [0000-0002-8120-5248], Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob [0000-0003-4713-6004], Doležal, Jiří [0000-0002-5829-4051], Kupagme, John [0000-0002-9981-050X], Maciá-Vicente, José [0000-0002-7174-7270], Geml, József [0000-0001-8745-0423], Alatalo, Juha [0000-0001-5084-850X], Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta [0000-0002-5581-7443], Põldmaa, Kadri [0000-0002-7936-2455], Runnel, Kadrid [0000-0002-7308-3623], Bråthen, Kari Anne [0000-0003-0942-1074], Pritsch, Karin [0000-0001-6384-2473], Newsham, Kevin K. [0000-0002-9108-0936], Panksep, Kristel [0000-0003-4743-6111], Lateef, Adebola A. [0000-0002-0510-7996], Lamit, Louis J. [0000-0002-0385-6010], Saba, M. [0000-0001-7673-2345], Tuomi, Maria [0000-0002-7154-5177], Gryzenhout, M. [0000-0002-9224-4277], Bauters, Marijn [0000-0003-0978-6639], Wijayawardene, Nalin N. [0000-0003-0522-5498], Yorou, Nourou [0000-0001-6997-811X], Kurina, Olavi [0000-0002-4858-4629], Mortimer, Peter [0000-0003-3188-9327], Kohout, Petr [0000-0002-3985-2310], Puusepp, Rasmus [0000-0002-0617-3776], Garibay-Orijel, Roberto [0000-0002-6977-7550], Godoy, Roberto [0000-0002-3719-3091], Alkahtani, Saad [0000-0001-7381-5110], Rahimlou, Saleh [0000-0003-0427-1329], Dudov, Sergey [0000-0003-1512-0956], Ghosh, Soumya [0000-0002-4945-3516], Mundra, Sunil [0000-0002-0535-118X], Ahmed, Talaat [0000-0001-8022-1855], Netherway, Tarquin [0000-0002-9049-9225], Henkel, Terry [0000-0001-9760-8837], Roslin, Tomas [0000-0002-2957-4791], Nteziryayo, Vincent [0000-0002-0176-5780], Fedosov, V. [0000-0002-5331-6346], Lim, Young Woon [0000-0003-2864-3449], Van Nuland, Michael [0000-0002-3333-0212], Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A. [0000-0002-9584-2109], Antonelli, Alexandre [0000-0003-1842-9297], Kõljalg, Urmas [0000-0002-5171-1668], Abarenkov, K. [0000-0001-5526-4845, Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Mikryukov, Vladimir, Dulya, Olesya, Zizka, Alexander, Bahram, Mohammad, Hagh-Doust, Niloufar, Anslan, Sten, Prylutskyi, Oleh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Maestre, Fernando T., Nilsson, Henrik, Pärn, Jaan, Ahmed, Talaat, Netherway, Tarquin, Henkel, Terry, Roslin, Tomas, Nteziryayo, Vincent, Fedosov, V., Onipchenko, Vladimir, Yasanthika, W. A. Erand, Lim, Young Woon, Van Nuland, Michael, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Antonelli, Alexandre, Kõljalg, Urmas, Abarenkov, K., Tedersoo, Leho, Öpik, Maarja, Moora, Mari, Zobel, Martin, Espenberg, Mikk, Mander, Ülo, Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Corrales, Adriana, Agan, Ahto, Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M., Saitta, A., Rinaldi, Andrea, Verbeken, A., Sulistyo, Bobby, Tamgnoue, Boris, Furneaux, Brendan, Duarte Ritter, Camila, Nyamukondiwa, Casper, Sharp, Cathy, Marín, César, Gohar, Daniyal, Klavina, Darta, Sharmah, Dipon, Dai, Dong Qin, Nouhra, Eduardo, Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth, Rähn, Elisabeth, Cameron, Erin, Crop, Eske de, Otsing. Eveli, Albornoz, Felipe, Brearley, Francis, Buegger, Franz, Zahn, Geoffrey, Bonito, Gregory, Hiiesalu, Inga, Barrio, Isabel, Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob, Ankuda, Jelena, Doležal, Jiří, Kupagme, John, Maciá-Vicente, José, Djeugap Fovo, Joseph, Geml, József, Alatalo, Juha M., Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta, Põldmaa, Kadri, Runnel, Kadrid, Adamson, Kalev, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Pritsch, Karin, Tchan, Kassim I., Armolaitis, Kęstutis, Hyde, K.D., Newsham, Kevin K., Panksep, Kristel, Lateef, Adebola A., Hansson, Linda, Lamit, Louis J., Saba, M., Tuomi, Maria, Gryzenhout, M., Bauters, Marijn, Piepenbring, M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Yorou, Nourou, Kurina, Olavi, Mortimer, Peter, Meidl, Peter, Kohout, Petr, Puusepp, Rasmus, Drenkhan, Rein, Garibay-Orijel, Roberto, Godoy, Roberto, Alkahtani, Saad, Rahimlou, Saleh, Dudov, Sergey, Polme, Sergei, Ghosh, Soumya, and Mundra, Sunil
Abstract: How the multiple facets of soil fungal diversity vary worldwide remains virtually unknown, hindering the management of this essential species-rich group. By sequencing high-resolution DNA markers in over 4000 topsoil samples from natural and human-altered ecosystems across all continents, we illustrate the distributions and drivers of different levels of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of fungi and their ecological groups. We show the impact of precipitation and temperature interactions on local fungal species richness (alpha diversity) across different climates. Our findings reveal how temperature drives fungal compositional turnover (beta diversity) and phylogenetic diversity, linking them with regional species richness (gamma diversity). We integrate fungi into the principles of global biodiversity distribution and present detailed maps for biodiversity conservation and modeling of global ecological processes.
Published: 2023

6. The increasing threat to European forests from the invasive foliar pine pathogen, Lecanosticta acicola

Author: Estonian Science Foundation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Swedish Research Council, Ministry of Regional Affairs and Agriculture (Estonia), Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgaria), Università degli Studi di Firenze, European Commission, Slovenian Research Agency, Federal Office for the Environment (Switzerland), Tubby, K. [0000-0001-6864-4185], Adamčikova, K. [0000-0001-5407-5233], Adamson, K. [0000-0002-8810-8838], Akiba, M. [0000-0003-1412-9596], Barnes, Irene [0000-0002-4349-3402], Boroń, P. [0000-0002-8581-6759], Bragança, H. [0000-0002-7957-5493], Bulgakov, T. [0000-0002-4874-6851], Capretti, P. [0000-0002-1893-9871], Cech, T. [0000-0001-6681-5040], Cleary, M. [0000-0002-0318-5974], Davydenko, K. [0000-0001-6077-8533], Elvira Recuenco, Margarita [0000-0001-6749-3346], Enderle, R. [0000-0002-3436-9581], Georgieva, M. [0000-0003-3165-1992], Ghelardini, L. [0000-0002-3180-4226], Husson, C. [0000-0002-9148-9926], Iturritxa, Eugenia [0000-0002-6390-5873], Markovskaja, S. [0000-0003-3111-6949], Mesanza, Nebai [0000-0002-1578-9193], Ogris, N. [0000-0002-4058-9417], Oskay, F. [0000-0002-8918-5595], Piškur, B. [0000-0002-9914-4930], Queloz, V. [0000-0002-1888-4882], Raitelaitytė, K. [0000-0001-9753-9712], Raposo Llobet, María Rosa [0000-0002-4893-6874], Soukainen, M. [0000-0001-6686-0191], Vahalík, P. [0000-0003-3404-3095], Vester, M. [0000-0003-3596-4873], Mullett, M. [0000-0002-6013-0347], Tubby, K., Adamčikova, K., Adamson, K., Akiba, M., Barnes, Irene, Boroń, P., Bragança, H., Bulgakov, T., Burgdorf, N., Capretti, P., Cech, T., Cleary, M., Davydenko, K., Drenkhan, R., Elvira Recuenco, Margarita, Enderle, R., Gardner, J., Georgieva, M., Ghelardini, L., Husson, C., Iturritxa, Eugenia, Markovskaja, S., Mesanza, Nebai, Ogris, N., Oskay, F., Piškur, B., Queloz, V., Raitelaitytė, K., Raposo Llobet, María Rosa, Soukainen, M., Strasser, Ludwig, Vahalík, P., Vester, M., Mullett, M., Estonian Science Foundation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Swedish Research Council, Ministry of Regional Affairs and Agriculture (Estonia), Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgaria), Università degli Studi di Firenze, European Commission, Slovenian Research Agency, Federal Office for the Environment (Switzerland), Tubby, K. [0000-0001-6864-4185], Adamčikova, K. [0000-0001-5407-5233], Adamson, K. [0000-0002-8810-8838], Akiba, M. [0000-0003-1412-9596], Barnes, Irene [0000-0002-4349-3402], Boroń, P. [0000-0002-8581-6759], Bragança, H. [0000-0002-7957-5493], Bulgakov, T. [0000-0002-4874-6851], Capretti, P. [0000-0002-1893-9871], Cech, T. [0000-0001-6681-5040], Cleary, M. [0000-0002-0318-5974], Davydenko, K. [0000-0001-6077-8533], Elvira Recuenco, Margarita [0000-0001-6749-3346], Enderle, R. [0000-0002-3436-9581], Georgieva, M. [0000-0003-3165-1992], Ghelardini, L. [0000-0002-3180-4226], Husson, C. [0000-0002-9148-9926], Iturritxa, Eugenia [0000-0002-6390-5873], Markovskaja, S. [0000-0003-3111-6949], Mesanza, Nebai [0000-0002-1578-9193], Ogris, N. [0000-0002-4058-9417], Oskay, F. [0000-0002-8918-5595], Piškur, B. [0000-0002-9914-4930], Queloz, V. [0000-0002-1888-4882], Raitelaitytė, K. [0000-0001-9753-9712], Raposo Llobet, María Rosa [0000-0002-4893-6874], Soukainen, M. [0000-0001-6686-0191], Vahalík, P. [0000-0003-3404-3095], Vester, M. [0000-0003-3596-4873], Mullett, M. [0000-0002-6013-0347], Tubby, K., Adamčikova, K., Adamson, K., Akiba, M., Barnes, Irene, Boroń, P., Bragança, H., Bulgakov, T., Burgdorf, N., Capretti, P., Cech, T., Cleary, M., Davydenko, K., Drenkhan, R., Elvira Recuenco, Margarita, Enderle, R., Gardner, J., Georgieva, M., Ghelardini, L., Husson, C., Iturritxa, Eugenia, Markovskaja, S., Mesanza, Nebai, Ogris, N., Oskay, F., Piškur, B., Queloz, V., Raitelaitytė, K., Raposo Llobet, María Rosa, Soukainen, M., Strasser, Ludwig, Vahalík, P., Vester, M., and Mullett, M.
Abstract: European forests are threatened by increasing numbers of invasive pests and pathogens. Over the past century, Lecanosticta acicola, a foliar pathogen predominantly of Pinus spp., has expanded its range globally, and is increasing in impact. Lecanosticta acicola causes brown spot needle blight, resulting in premature defoliation, reduced growth, and mortality in some hosts. Originating from southern regions of North American, it devastated forests in the USA's southern states in the early twentieth century, and in 1942 was discovered in Spain. Derived from Euphresco project 'Brownspotrisk,' this study aimed to establish the current distribution of Lecanosticta species, and assess the risks of L. acicola to European forests. Pathogen reports from the literature, and new/ unpublished survey data were combined into an open-access geo-database (http://www.portalofforestpathology.com), and used to visualise the pathogen's range, infer its climatic tolerance, and update its host range. Lecanosticta species have now been recorded in 44 countries, mostly in the northern hemisphere. The type species, L. acicola, has increased its range in recent years, and is present in 24 out of the 26 European countries where data were available. Other species of Lecanosticta are largely restricted to Mexico and Central America, and recently Colombia. The geo-database records demonstrate that L. acicola tolerates a wide range of climates across the northern hemisphere, and indicate its potential to colonise Pinus spp. forests across large swathes of the Europe. Preliminary analyses suggest L. acicola could affect 62% of global Pinus species area by the end of this century, under climate change predictions. Although its host range appears slightly narrower than the similar Dothistroma species, Lecanosticta species were recorded on 70 host taxa, mostly Pinus spp., but including, Cedrus and Picea spp. Twenty-three, including species of critical ecological, environmental and economic significan
Published: 2023

7. Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails

Author: Russian Science Foundation, University of Göttingen, Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future (Australia), National Natural Science Foundation of China, South African National Antarctic Programme, Natural Resources Canada, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Independent Research Fund Denmark, Estonian Science Foundation, European Research Council, European Commission, German Research Foundation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Ministère de l'Agriculture et de la Souveraineté alimentaire (France), Ministére de l'Education Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie (France), Ministère de la Transition écologique et de la Cohésion des territoires (France), Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (France), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China), Massey University, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Government of Austria, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Científica e Tecnológica do Estado de Santa Catarina, Latvian Council of Science, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Potapov, Anton [0000-0002-4456-1710], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Babenko, Anatoly [0000-0002-6077-0619], Bellini, Bruno C. [0000-0001-7881-9436], Chown, Steven L. [0000-0001-6069-5105], Kovac, L'ubomír [0000-0001-8194-2128], Alatalo, Juha M. [0000-0001-5084-850X], Arbea, Javier I. [0000-0001-6122-1331], Bokhorst, Stef [0000-0003-0184-1162], Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela [0000-0002-5405-5221], Chauvat, Matthieu [0000-0002-4831-5904], Chomel, Mathilde [0000-0001-5110-2355], Classen, Aimme T. [0000-0002-6741-3470], Filser, Juliane [0000-0003-1535-6168], Franken, Oscar [0000-0001-8361-3117], Greve, Michelle [0000-0002-6229-8506], Holmstrup, Martin [0000-0001-8395-6582], Homet, Pablo [0000-0002-4285-6953], Janion-Scheepers, C. [0000-0001-5942-7912], Jochum, Malte [0000-0002-8728-1145], Jucevica, Edite [0000-0002-0710-9450], Ferlian, Olga [0000-0002-2536-7592], Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos I. [0000-0002-9010-481X], Krab, Eveline J. [0000-0001-8262-0198], de Lima, Estevam C. A. [0000-0002-1680-4818], Lindo, Zoë [0000-0001-9942-7204], Lu, Jing-Zhong [0000-0002-4051-8993], Negri, Ilaria [0000-0001-5188-1408], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Palacios-Vargas, José [0000-0001-9097-6813], Pollierer, Melani M. [0000-0002-1498-2362], Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz [0000-0002-5178-4445], Raymond-Léonard, Laura J. [0000-0002-7324-7843], Saifutdinov, Ruslan [0000-0002-8878-3630], Sayer, Emma J. [0000-0002-3322-4487], Seeber, Julia [0000-0003-0189-7377], Shveenkova, Yulia B. [0000-0003-1887-8551], Sterzynska, Maria [0000-0001-9712-4285], Sun, Xin [0000-0002-3988-7847], Taskaeva, Anastasia A. [0000-0002-4519-8458], Thakur, Madhav P. [0000-0001-9426-1313], Tsiafouli, Maria A. [0000-0003-0203-8347], Twala, Mthokozisi N. [0000-0001-6499-1892], Winck, Bruna [0000-0002-7996-9855], Winkler, Daniel E.[0000-0002-6008-0562], Yin, Rui [0000-0002-4580-1317], Zeppelini, Douglas [0000-0002-9026-1129], Crowther, Thomas W. [0000-0001-5674-8913], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Scheu, Stefan [0000-0003-4350-9520], Luciánez Sánchez, Mª J. [0000-0001-5679-0951], Potapov, Mikhail B. [0000-0002-6111-3354], Potapov, Anton, Guerra, Carlos A., van den Hoogen, Johan, Babenko, Anatoly, Bellini, Bruno C., Berg, Matty P., Chown, Steven L., Deharveng, Louis, Kovac, L'ubomír, Kuznetsova, Natalia A., Ponge, Jean-François, Yin, Rui, Zeppelini, Douglas, Crowther, Thomas W., Eisenhauer, Nico, Scheu, Stefan, Potapov, Mikhail B., Russell, David J., Alexandre, Douglas, Alatalo, Juha M., Arbea, Javier I., Bandyopadhyaya, Ipsa, Bernava, Verónica, Bokhorst, Stef, Bolger, Thomas, Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela, Chauvat, Matthieu, Chen, Ting-Wen, Chomel, Mathilde, Classen, Aimme T., Cortet, Jérôme, Čuchta, Peter, Pedrosa, Ana M. de la, Ferreira, Susana S. D., Fiera, Cristina, Filser, Juliane, Franken, Oscar, Fujii, S., Gagnon Koudji, Essivi, Gao, Meixiang, Gendreau-Berthiaume, Benoit, Gómez-Pamies, Diego F., Greve, Michelle, Handa, I. Tanya, Heiniger, Charlène, Holmstrup, Martin, Homet, Pablo, Ivask, Mari, Janion-Scheepers, C., Jochum, Malte, Joimel, Sophie, Jorge, Bruna Claudia S., Jucevica, Edite, Ferlian, Olga, Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos I., Klauberg-Filho, Osmar, Baretta, Dilmar, Krab, Eveline J., Kuu, Annely, de Lima, Estevam C. A., Lin, Dunmei, Lindo, Zoë, Liu, Amy, Lu, Jing-Zhong, Luciánez Sánchez, Mª J., Marx, Michael T., McCary, Matthew A., Minor, María A., Nakamori, Taizo, Negri, Ilaria, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Palacios-Vargas, José, Pollierer, Melani M., Querner, Pascal, Raschmanová, Natália, Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz, Raymond-Léonard, Laura J., Rousseau, Laurent, Saifutdinov, Ruslan, Salmon, Sandrine, Sayer, Emma J., Scheunemann, Nicole, Scholz, Cornelia, Seeber, Julia, Shveenkova, Yulia B., Stebaeva, Sophya K., Sterzynska, Maria, Sun, Xin, Susanti, Winda I., Taskaeva, Anastasia A., Thakur, Madhav P., Tsiafouli, Maria A., Turnbull, Matthew S., Twala, Mthokozisi N., Uvarov, Alexei V., Vernier, Lisa A., Widenfalk, Lina A., Winck, Bruna, Winkler, Daniel E., Wu, Donghui, Xie, Zhijing, Russian Science Foundation, University of Göttingen, Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future (Australia), National Natural Science Foundation of China, South African National Antarctic Programme, Natural Resources Canada, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Independent Research Fund Denmark, Estonian Science Foundation, European Research Council, European Commission, German Research Foundation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Ministère de l'Agriculture et de la Souveraineté alimentaire (France), Ministére de l'Education Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie (France), Ministère de la Transition écologique et de la Cohésion des territoires (France), Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (France), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China), Massey University, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Government of Austria, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Científica e Tecnológica do Estado de Santa Catarina, Latvian Council of Science, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Potapov, Anton [0000-0002-4456-1710], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Babenko, Anatoly [0000-0002-6077-0619], Bellini, Bruno C. [0000-0001-7881-9436], Chown, Steven L. [0000-0001-6069-5105], Kovac, L'ubomír [0000-0001-8194-2128], Alatalo, Juha M. [0000-0001-5084-850X], Arbea, Javier I. [0000-0001-6122-1331], Bokhorst, Stef [0000-0003-0184-1162], Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela [0000-0002-5405-5221], Chauvat, Matthieu [0000-0002-4831-5904], Chomel, Mathilde [0000-0001-5110-2355], Classen, Aimme T. [0000-0002-6741-3470], Filser, Juliane [0000-0003-1535-6168], Franken, Oscar [0000-0001-8361-3117], Greve, Michelle [0000-0002-6229-8506], Holmstrup, Martin [0000-0001-8395-6582], Homet, Pablo [0000-0002-4285-6953], Janion-Scheepers, C. [0000-0001-5942-7912], Jochum, Malte [0000-0002-8728-1145], Jucevica, Edite [0000-0002-0710-9450], Ferlian, Olga [0000-0002-2536-7592], Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos I. [0000-0002-9010-481X], Krab, Eveline J. [0000-0001-8262-0198], de Lima, Estevam C. A. [0000-0002-1680-4818], Lindo, Zoë [0000-0001-9942-7204], Lu, Jing-Zhong [0000-0002-4051-8993], Negri, Ilaria [0000-0001-5188-1408], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Palacios-Vargas, José [0000-0001-9097-6813], Pollierer, Melani M. [0000-0002-1498-2362], Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz [0000-0002-5178-4445], Raymond-Léonard, Laura J. [0000-0002-7324-7843], Saifutdinov, Ruslan [0000-0002-8878-3630], Sayer, Emma J. [0000-0002-3322-4487], Seeber, Julia [0000-0003-0189-7377], Shveenkova, Yulia B. [0000-0003-1887-8551], Sterzynska, Maria [0000-0001-9712-4285], Sun, Xin [0000-0002-3988-7847], Taskaeva, Anastasia A. [0000-0002-4519-8458], Thakur, Madhav P. [0000-0001-9426-1313], Tsiafouli, Maria A. [0000-0003-0203-8347], Twala, Mthokozisi N. [0000-0001-6499-1892], Winck, Bruna [0000-0002-7996-9855], Winkler, Daniel E.[0000-0002-6008-0562], Yin, Rui [0000-0002-4580-1317], Zeppelini, Douglas [0000-0002-9026-1129], Crowther, Thomas W. [0000-0001-5674-8913], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Scheu, Stefan [0000-0003-4350-9520], Luciánez Sánchez, Mª J. [0000-0001-5679-0951], Potapov, Mikhail B. [0000-0002-6111-3354], Potapov, Anton, Guerra, Carlos A., van den Hoogen, Johan, Babenko, Anatoly, Bellini, Bruno C., Berg, Matty P., Chown, Steven L., Deharveng, Louis, Kovac, L'ubomír, Kuznetsova, Natalia A., Ponge, Jean-François, Yin, Rui, Zeppelini, Douglas, Crowther, Thomas W., Eisenhauer, Nico, Scheu, Stefan, Potapov, Mikhail B., Russell, David J., Alexandre, Douglas, Alatalo, Juha M., Arbea, Javier I., Bandyopadhyaya, Ipsa, Bernava, Verónica, Bokhorst, Stef, Bolger, Thomas, Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela, Chauvat, Matthieu, Chen, Ting-Wen, Chomel, Mathilde, Classen, Aimme T., Cortet, Jérôme, Čuchta, Peter, Pedrosa, Ana M. de la, Ferreira, Susana S. D., Fiera, Cristina, Filser, Juliane, Franken, Oscar, Fujii, S., Gagnon Koudji, Essivi, Gao, Meixiang, Gendreau-Berthiaume, Benoit, Gómez-Pamies, Diego F., Greve, Michelle, Handa, I. Tanya, Heiniger, Charlène, Holmstrup, Martin, Homet, Pablo, Ivask, Mari, Janion-Scheepers, C., Jochum, Malte, Joimel, Sophie, Jorge, Bruna Claudia S., Jucevica, Edite, Ferlian, Olga, Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos I., Klauberg-Filho, Osmar, Baretta, Dilmar, Krab, Eveline J., Kuu, Annely, de Lima, Estevam C. A., Lin, Dunmei, Lindo, Zoë, Liu, Amy, Lu, Jing-Zhong, Luciánez Sánchez, Mª J., Marx, Michael T., McCary, Matthew A., Minor, María A., Nakamori, Taizo, Negri, Ilaria, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Palacios-Vargas, José, Pollierer, Melani M., Querner, Pascal, Raschmanová, Natália, Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz, Raymond-Léonard, Laura J., Rousseau, Laurent, Saifutdinov, Ruslan, Salmon, Sandrine, Sayer, Emma J., Scheunemann, Nicole, Scholz, Cornelia, Seeber, Julia, Shveenkova, Yulia B., Stebaeva, Sophya K., Sterzynska, Maria, Sun, Xin, Susanti, Winda I., Taskaeva, Anastasia A., Thakur, Madhav P., Tsiafouli, Maria A., Turnbull, Matthew S., Twala, Mthokozisi N., Uvarov, Alexei V., Vernier, Lisa A., Widenfalk, Lina A., Winck, Bruna, Winkler, Daniel E., Wu, Donghui, and Xie, Zhijing
Abstract: Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil arthropods regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains unknown. Here, using a global dataset representing 2470 sites, we estimate the total soil springtail biomass at 27.5 megatons carbon, which is threefold higher than wild terrestrial vertebrates, and record peak densities up to 2 million individuals per square meter in the tundra. Despite a 20-fold biomass difference between the tundra and the tropics, springtail energy use (community metabolism) remains similar across the latitudinal gradient, owing to the changes in temperature with latitude. Neither springtail density nor community metabolism is predicted by local species richness, which is high in the tropics, but comparably high in some temperate forests and even tundra. Changes in springtail activity may emerge from latitudinal gradients in temperature, predation and resource limitation in soil communities. Contrasting relationships of biomass, diversity and activity of springtail communities with temperature suggest that climate warming will alter fundamental soil biodiversity metrics in different directions, potentially restructuring terrestrial food webs and affecting soil functioning.
Published: 2023

8. Management of Early Onset Neonatal Septicaemia: Selection of Optimal Antibacterial Regimen for Empiric Treatment

Author: Estonian Science Foundation and European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases
Published: 2008

9. Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi

Author: Estonian Science Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Zizka, Alexander [0000-0002-1680-9192, Hagh-Doust, Niloufar [0000-0003-0616-5829], Anslan, Sten [0000-0002-2299-454X], Prylutskyi. Oleh [0000-0001-5730-517X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Moora, Mari [0000-0002-4819-7506], Zobel, Martin [0000-0001-7957-6704], Espenberg, Mikk [0000-0003-0469-6394], Mander, Ülo [Mander, Ülo], Khalid, Abdul Nasir [0000-0002-5635-8031], Corrales, Adriana [0000-0001-9885-4634], Agan, Ahto [0000-0001-9010-8944], Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M. [0000-0003-0539-9711], Saitta, A. [0000-0002-5670-7780], Sulistyo, Bobby [0000-0002-5203-4822], Furneaux, Brendan [0000-0003-3522-7363], Duarte Ritter, Camila [0000-0002-3371-7425], Nyamukondiwa, Casper [0000-0002-0395-4980], Marín, César [0000-0002-2529-8929], Gohar, Daniyal [0000-0003-0312-1142], Klavina, Darta [0000-0002-1455-9062], Dai, Dong Qin [0000-0001-8935-8807], Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth [0000-0002-9877-2177], Otsing. Eveli [0000-0001-7416-257X], Davydov, Evgeniy A. [0000-0002-2316-8506], Albornoz, Felipe [0000-0001-9526-0945], Buegger, Franz [0000-0003-3526-4711], Zahn, Geoffrey [0000-0002-8691-692X], Bonito, Gregory [0000-0002-7262-8978], Hiiesalu, Inga [0000-0002-5457-2376], Barrio, Isabel [0000-0002-8120-5248], Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob [0000-0003-4713-6004], Kupagme, John [0000-0002-9981-050X], Maciá-Vicente, José [0000-0002-7174-7270], Geml, József [0000-0001-8745-0423], Alatalo, Juha [0000-0001-5084-850X], Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta [0000-0002-5581-7443], Põldmaa, Kadri [0000-0002-7936-2455], Runnel, Kadrid [0000-0002-7308-3623], Bråthen, Kari Anne [0000-0003-0942-1074], Pritsch, Karin [0000-0001-6384-2473], Armolaitis, Kęstutis [0000-0001-8295-2440], Panksep, Kristel [0000-0003-4743-6111], Lateef, Adebola A. [0000-0002-0510-7996], Saba, M. [0000-0001-7673-2345], Tuomi, Maria [0000-0002-7154-5177], Gryzenhout, M. [0000-0002-9224-4277], Bauters, Marijn [0000-0003-0978-6639], Wijayawardene, Nalin N. [0000-0003-0522-5498], Yorou, Nourou [0000-0001-6997-811X], Kurina, Olavi [0000-0002-4858-4629], Kohout, Petr [0000-0002-3985-2310], Nilsson, R. H. [0000-0002-8052-0107], Garibay-Orijel, Roberto [0000-0002-6977-7550], Rahimlou, Saleh [0000-0003-0427-1329], Ghosh, Soumya [0000-0002-4945-3516], Mundra, Sunil [0000-0002-0535-118X], Netherway, Tarquin [0000-0002-9049-9225], Henkel, Terry W. [0000-0001-9760-8837], Roslin, Tomas [0000-0002-2957-4791], Fedosov, V. [0000-0002-5331-6346], Lim, Young Woon [0000-0003-2864-3449], Antonelli, Alexandre [0000-0003-1842-9297], Kõljalg, Urmas [0000-0002-5171-1668], Abarenkov, K. [0000-0001-5526-4845, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A. [0000-0002-9584-2109], Tedersoo, Leho, Mikryukov, Vladimir, Zizka, Alexander, Bahram, Mohammad, Hagh-Doust, Niloufar, Anslan, Sten, Prylutskyi, Oleh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Maestre, Fernando T., Pärn, Jaan, Öpik, Maarja, Yasanthika, W. A. Erand, Lim, Young Woon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Antonelli, Alexandre, Kõljalg, Urmas, Abarenkov, K., Moora, Mari, Zobel, Martin, Espenberg, Mikk, Mander, Ülo, Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Corrales, Adriana, Agan, Ahto, Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M., Saitta, A., Rinaldi, Andrea, Sulistyo, Bobby, Tamgnoue, Boris, Furneaux, Brendan, Duarte Ritter, Camila, Nyamukondiwa, Casper, Sharp, Cathy, Marín, César, Gohar, Daniyal, Klavina, Darta, Sharmah, Dipon, Dai, Dong Qin, Nouhra, Eduardo, Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth, Rähn, Elisabeth, Cameron, Erin, Crop, Eske de, Otsing. Eveli, Davydov, Evgeniy A., Albornoz, Felipe, Brearley, Francis, Buegger, Franz, Zahn, Geoffrey, Bonito, Gregory, Hiiesalu, Inga, Barrio, Isabel, Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob, Ankuda, Jelena, Kupagme, John, Maciá-Vicente, José, Djeugap Fovo, Joseph, Geml, József, Alatalo, Juha M., Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta, Põldmaa, Kadri, Runnel, Kadrid, Adamson, Kalev, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Pritsch, Karin, Tchan, Kassim I., Armolaitis, Kęstutis, Hyde, K.D., Newsham, Kevin K., Panksep, Kristel, Lateef, Adebola A., Tiirmann, Liis, Hansson, Linda, Lamit, Louis J., Saba, M., Tuomi, Maria, Gryzenhout, M., Bauters, Marijn, Piepenbring, M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Yorou, Nourou, Kurina, Olavi, Mortimer, Peter, Meidl, Peter, Kohout, Petr, Nilsson, R. H., Puusepp, Rasmus, Drenkhan, Rein, Garibay-Orijel, Roberto, Godoy, Roberto, Alkahtani, Saad, Rahimlou, Saleh, Dudov, Sergey V., Põlme, S., Ghosh, Soumya, Mundra, Sunil, Ahmed, Talaat, Netherway, Tarquin, Roslin, Tomas, Nteziryayo, Vincent, Fedosov, V., Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Estonian Science Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Zizka, Alexander [0000-0002-1680-9192, Hagh-Doust, Niloufar [0000-0003-0616-5829], Anslan, Sten [0000-0002-2299-454X], Prylutskyi. Oleh [0000-0001-5730-517X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Moora, Mari [0000-0002-4819-7506], Zobel, Martin [0000-0001-7957-6704], Espenberg, Mikk [0000-0003-0469-6394], Mander, Ülo [Mander, Ülo], Khalid, Abdul Nasir [0000-0002-5635-8031], Corrales, Adriana [0000-0001-9885-4634], Agan, Ahto [0000-0001-9010-8944], Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M. [0000-0003-0539-9711], Saitta, A. [0000-0002-5670-7780], Sulistyo, Bobby [0000-0002-5203-4822], Furneaux, Brendan [0000-0003-3522-7363], Duarte Ritter, Camila [0000-0002-3371-7425], Nyamukondiwa, Casper [0000-0002-0395-4980], Marín, César [0000-0002-2529-8929], Gohar, Daniyal [0000-0003-0312-1142], Klavina, Darta [0000-0002-1455-9062], Dai, Dong Qin [0000-0001-8935-8807], Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth [0000-0002-9877-2177], Otsing. Eveli [0000-0001-7416-257X], Davydov, Evgeniy A. [0000-0002-2316-8506], Albornoz, Felipe [0000-0001-9526-0945], Buegger, Franz [0000-0003-3526-4711], Zahn, Geoffrey [0000-0002-8691-692X], Bonito, Gregory [0000-0002-7262-8978], Hiiesalu, Inga [0000-0002-5457-2376], Barrio, Isabel [0000-0002-8120-5248], Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob [0000-0003-4713-6004], Kupagme, John [0000-0002-9981-050X], Maciá-Vicente, José [0000-0002-7174-7270], Geml, József [0000-0001-8745-0423], Alatalo, Juha [0000-0001-5084-850X], Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta [0000-0002-5581-7443], Põldmaa, Kadri [0000-0002-7936-2455], Runnel, Kadrid [0000-0002-7308-3623], Bråthen, Kari Anne [0000-0003-0942-1074], Pritsch, Karin [0000-0001-6384-2473], Armolaitis, Kęstutis [0000-0001-8295-2440], Panksep, Kristel [0000-0003-4743-6111], Lateef, Adebola A. [0000-0002-0510-7996], Saba, M. [0000-0001-7673-2345], Tuomi, Maria [0000-0002-7154-5177], Gryzenhout, M. [0000-0002-9224-4277], Bauters, Marijn [0000-0003-0978-6639], Wijayawardene, Nalin N. [0000-0003-0522-5498], Yorou, Nourou [0000-0001-6997-811X], Kurina, Olavi [0000-0002-4858-4629], Kohout, Petr [0000-0002-3985-2310], Nilsson, R. H. [0000-0002-8052-0107], Garibay-Orijel, Roberto [0000-0002-6977-7550], Rahimlou, Saleh [0000-0003-0427-1329], Ghosh, Soumya [0000-0002-4945-3516], Mundra, Sunil [0000-0002-0535-118X], Netherway, Tarquin [0000-0002-9049-9225], Henkel, Terry W. [0000-0001-9760-8837], Roslin, Tomas [0000-0002-2957-4791], Fedosov, V. [0000-0002-5331-6346], Lim, Young Woon [0000-0003-2864-3449], Antonelli, Alexandre [0000-0003-1842-9297], Kõljalg, Urmas [0000-0002-5171-1668], Abarenkov, K. [0000-0001-5526-4845, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A. [0000-0002-9584-2109], Tedersoo, Leho, Mikryukov, Vladimir, Zizka, Alexander, Bahram, Mohammad, Hagh-Doust, Niloufar, Anslan, Sten, Prylutskyi, Oleh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Maestre, Fernando T., Pärn, Jaan, Öpik, Maarja, Yasanthika, W. A. Erand, Lim, Young Woon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Antonelli, Alexandre, Kõljalg, Urmas, Abarenkov, K., Moora, Mari, Zobel, Martin, Espenberg, Mikk, Mander, Ülo, Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Corrales, Adriana, Agan, Ahto, Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M., Saitta, A., Rinaldi, Andrea, Sulistyo, Bobby, Tamgnoue, Boris, Furneaux, Brendan, Duarte Ritter, Camila, Nyamukondiwa, Casper, Sharp, Cathy, Marín, César, Gohar, Daniyal, Klavina, Darta, Sharmah, Dipon, Dai, Dong Qin, Nouhra, Eduardo, Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth, Rähn, Elisabeth, Cameron, Erin, Crop, Eske de, Otsing. Eveli, Davydov, Evgeniy A., Albornoz, Felipe, Brearley, Francis, Buegger, Franz, Zahn, Geoffrey, Bonito, Gregory, Hiiesalu, Inga, Barrio, Isabel, Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob, Ankuda, Jelena, Kupagme, John, Maciá-Vicente, José, Djeugap Fovo, Joseph, Geml, József, Alatalo, Juha M., Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta, Põldmaa, Kadri, Runnel, Kadrid, Adamson, Kalev, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Pritsch, Karin, Tchan, Kassim I., Armolaitis, Kęstutis, Hyde, K.D., Newsham, Kevin K., Panksep, Kristel, Lateef, Adebola A., Tiirmann, Liis, Hansson, Linda, Lamit, Louis J., Saba, M., Tuomi, Maria, Gryzenhout, M., Bauters, Marijn, Piepenbring, M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Yorou, Nourou, Kurina, Olavi, Mortimer, Peter, Meidl, Peter, Kohout, Petr, Nilsson, R. H., Puusepp, Rasmus, Drenkhan, Rein, Garibay-Orijel, Roberto, Godoy, Roberto, Alkahtani, Saad, Rahimlou, Saleh, Dudov, Sergey V., Põlme, S., Ghosh, Soumya, Mundra, Sunil, Ahmed, Talaat, Netherway, Tarquin, Roslin, Tomas, Nteziryayo, Vincent, Fedosov, V., and Onipchenko, Vladimir G.
Abstract: Fungi are highly diverse organisms, which provide multiple ecosystem services. However, compared with charismatic animals and plants, the distribution patterns and conservation needs of fungi have been little explored. Here, we examined endemicity patterns, global change vulnerability and conservation priority areas for functional groups of soil fungi based on six global surveys using a high-resolution, long-read metabarcoding approach. We found that the endemicity of all fungi and most functional groups peaks in tropical habitats, including Amazonia, Yucatan, West-Central Africa, Sri Lanka, and New Caledonia, with a negligible island effect compared with plants and animals. We also found that fungi are predominantly vulnerable to drought, heat and land-cover change, particularly in dry tropical regions with high human population density. Fungal conservation areas of highest priority include herbaceous wetlands, tropical forests, and woodlands. We stress that more attention should be focused on the conservation of fungi, especially root symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi in tropical regions as well as unicellular early-diverging groups and macrofungi in general. Given the low overlap between the endemicity of fungi and macroorganisms, but high conservation needs in both groups, detailed analyses on distribution and conservation requirements are warranted for other microorganisms and soil organisms.
Published: 2022

10. Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties

Author: German Research Foundation, European Commission, Academy of Finland, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), European Research Council, Labex TULIP, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Tarbiat Modares University, Aurora Organic Dairy, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Wageningen University and Research Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Oklahoma State University, CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Royal Canadian Geographical Society, Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland), University of Hawaii at Manoa, U.S. Navy, Department of Science and Technology (India), Department of Defense (US), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Colorado Wheat Research Foundation, Zone Atelier Alpes, Austrian Science Fund, Rentenbank, Welsh Government, European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Science Foundation Ireland, University of Toronto, Haliburton Forest & Wildlife Reserve, Arts and Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, University of Innsbruck, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Argentina), Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Fonds de Recherche du Québec, Institute for Environmental Science and Policy, University of Illinois, Casey Tree, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT (España), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, McKnight Foundation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), Bavarian Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, Estonian Science Foundation, Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks (Ontario), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Australian Research Council, Phillips, Helen, R. P., Bach, Elizabeth M., Bartz, Marie L. C., Bennett, Joanne, Beugnon, Rémy, Briones, María J. I., Brown, George, Ferlian, Olga, Gongalsky, Konstantin B., Guerra, Carlos A., König-Ries, Birgitta, Holdsworth, Andrew R., Coors, Anja, Crotty, Felicity V., Crumsey, Jasmine M., Dávalos, Andrea, Diaz Cosin, Darío J., Loss, Scott R., Dobson, Annise M., Dominguez, Anahí, Esteban Duhour, Andrés, Schirrmann, Michael, Eekeren, Nick van, Holmstrup, Martin, Emmerling, Christoph, Falco, Liliana B., Fernández, Rosa, Fonte, Steven J., Fragoso, Carlos, Franco, André L. C., Marichal, Raphael, Fusilero, Abegail T., Moreno, Gerardo, Geraskina, Anna P., Gholami, Shaieste, Hopfensperger, Kristine N., González, Grizelle, Gundale, Michael J., Gutiérrez López, Mónica, Hackenberger, Branimir K., Hackenberger, Davorka K., Hernández, Luis M., Hirth, Jeff R., Morón-Ríos, Alejandro, Huerta Lwanga, Esperanza, Huhta, Veikko, Hurisso, Tunsisa T., Iannone III, Basil V., Iordache, Madalina, Ramirez, Kelly S., Irmler, Ulrich, Minamiya, Yukio, Ivask, Mari, Jesus Lidon, Juan B., Motohiro, Hasegawa, Johnson-Maynard, Jodi L., Joschko, Monika, Kaneko, Nobuhiro, Kanianska, Radoslava, Keith, Aidan M., Kernecker, Maria L., Scharenbroch, Bryant C., Koné, Armand W., Kooch, Yahya, Hendrik Moos, Jan, Muys, Bart, Kukkonen, Sanna T., Lalthanzara, H., Lammel, Daniel R., Lebedev, Iurii M., Le Cadre, Edith, Lincoln, Noa K., López-Hernández, Danilo, Neirynck, Johan, Krebs, Julia, Norgrove, Lindsey, Novo, Marta, Nuutinen, Visa, Choi, Amy, Nuzzo, Victoria, Schmidt, Olaf, Rahman, P. Mujeeb, Pansu, Johan, Paudel, Shishir, Pérès, Guénola, Pérez-Camacho, Lorenzo, Ponge, Jean-François, Orgiazzi, Alberto, Prietzel, Jörg, Wall, Diana H., Rapoport, Irina B., Imtiaz Rashid, Muhammad, Schröder, Boris, Rebollo, Salvador, Rodríguez, Miguel Á., Roth, Alexander M., Rousseau, Guillaume X., Rozen, Anna, Sayad, Ehsan, Schaik, Loes van, Brose, Ulrich, Seeber, Julia, Shashkov, Maxim P., Singh, Jaswinder, Smith, Sandy M., Steinwandter, Michael, Capowiez, Yvan, Szlavecz, Katalin, Russell, David, Talavera, José A., Trigo, Dolores, Decaëns, Thibaud, Tsukamoto, Jiro, Uribe-López, Sheila, Valença, Anne W. de, Virto, Iñigo, Wackett, Adrian A., Warren, Matthew W., Cavagnaro, Timothy R., Webster, Emily R., Wehr, Nathaniel H., Schwarz, Benjamin, Lavelle, Patrick, Wironen, Michael B., Wolters, Volkmar, Wu, Pengfei, Zenkova, Irina V. Z., Zhang, Weixin, Cameron, Erin K., Eisenhauer, Nico, Loreau, Michel, Mathieu, Jérôme, Mulder, Christian, Putten, Wim H. van der, Rillig, Matthias C., Matula, Radim, Thakur, Madhav P., Clause, Julia, Vries, Franciska T. de, Wardle, David A., Ammer, Sabine, Arai, Miwa, Ayuke, Fredrick O., Baker, Geoff H., Baretta, Dilmar, Barkusky, Dietmar, Hishi, Takuo, Beauséjour, Robin, Bedano, José C., Cluzeau, Daniel, Birkhofer, Klaus, Blanchart, Eric, Blossey, Bernd, Bolger, Thomas, Bradley, Robert L., Brossard, Michel, Burtis, James C., German Research Foundation, European Commission, Academy of Finland, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), European Research Council, Labex TULIP, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Tarbiat Modares University, Aurora Organic Dairy, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Wageningen University and Research Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Oklahoma State University, CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Royal Canadian Geographical Society, Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland), University of Hawaii at Manoa, U.S. Navy, Department of Science and Technology (India), Department of Defense (US), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Colorado Wheat Research Foundation, Zone Atelier Alpes, Austrian Science Fund, Rentenbank, Welsh Government, European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Science Foundation Ireland, University of Toronto, Haliburton Forest & Wildlife Reserve, Arts and Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, University of Innsbruck, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Argentina), Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Fonds de Recherche du Québec, Institute for Environmental Science and Policy, University of Illinois, Casey Tree, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT (España), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, McKnight Foundation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), Bavarian Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, Estonian Science Foundation, Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks (Ontario), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Australian Research Council, Phillips, Helen, R. P., Bach, Elizabeth M., Bartz, Marie L. C., Bennett, Joanne, Beugnon, Rémy, Briones, María J. I., Brown, George, Ferlian, Olga, Gongalsky, Konstantin B., Guerra, Carlos A., König-Ries, Birgitta, Holdsworth, Andrew R., Coors, Anja, Crotty, Felicity V., Crumsey, Jasmine M., Dávalos, Andrea, Diaz Cosin, Darío J., Loss, Scott R., Dobson, Annise M., Dominguez, Anahí, Esteban Duhour, Andrés, Schirrmann, Michael, Eekeren, Nick van, Holmstrup, Martin, Emmerling, Christoph, Falco, Liliana B., Fernández, Rosa, Fonte, Steven J., Fragoso, Carlos, Franco, André L. C., Marichal, Raphael, Fusilero, Abegail T., Moreno, Gerardo, Geraskina, Anna P., Gholami, Shaieste, Hopfensperger, Kristine N., González, Grizelle, Gundale, Michael J., Gutiérrez López, Mónica, Hackenberger, Branimir K., Hackenberger, Davorka K., Hernández, Luis M., Hirth, Jeff R., Morón-Ríos, Alejandro, Huerta Lwanga, Esperanza, Huhta, Veikko, Hurisso, Tunsisa T., Iannone III, Basil V., Iordache, Madalina, Ramirez, Kelly S., Irmler, Ulrich, Minamiya, Yukio, Ivask, Mari, Jesus Lidon, Juan B., Motohiro, Hasegawa, Johnson-Maynard, Jodi L., Joschko, Monika, Kaneko, Nobuhiro, Kanianska, Radoslava, Keith, Aidan M., Kernecker, Maria L., Scharenbroch, Bryant C., Koné, Armand W., Kooch, Yahya, Hendrik Moos, Jan, Muys, Bart, Kukkonen, Sanna T., Lalthanzara, H., Lammel, Daniel R., Lebedev, Iurii M., Le Cadre, Edith, Lincoln, Noa K., López-Hernández, Danilo, Neirynck, Johan, Krebs, Julia, Norgrove, Lindsey, Novo, Marta, Nuutinen, Visa, Choi, Amy, Nuzzo, Victoria, Schmidt, Olaf, Rahman, P. Mujeeb, Pansu, Johan, Paudel, Shishir, Pérès, Guénola, Pérez-Camacho, Lorenzo, Ponge, Jean-François, Orgiazzi, Alberto, Prietzel, Jörg, Wall, Diana H., Rapoport, Irina B., Imtiaz Rashid, Muhammad, Schröder, Boris, Rebollo, Salvador, Rodríguez, Miguel Á., Roth, Alexander M., Rousseau, Guillaume X., Rozen, Anna, Sayad, Ehsan, Schaik, Loes van, Brose, Ulrich, Seeber, Julia, Shashkov, Maxim P., Singh, Jaswinder, Smith, Sandy M., Steinwandter, Michael, Capowiez, Yvan, Szlavecz, Katalin, Russell, David, Talavera, José A., Trigo, Dolores, Decaëns, Thibaud, Tsukamoto, Jiro, Uribe-López, Sheila, Valença, Anne W. de, Virto, Iñigo, Wackett, Adrian A., Warren, Matthew W., Cavagnaro, Timothy R., Webster, Emily R., Wehr, Nathaniel H., Schwarz, Benjamin, Lavelle, Patrick, Wironen, Michael B., Wolters, Volkmar, Wu, Pengfei, Zenkova, Irina V. Z., Zhang, Weixin, Cameron, Erin K., Eisenhauer, Nico, Loreau, Michel, Mathieu, Jérôme, Mulder, Christian, Putten, Wim H. van der, Rillig, Matthias C., Matula, Radim, Thakur, Madhav P., Clause, Julia, Vries, Franciska T. de, Wardle, David A., Ammer, Sabine, Arai, Miwa, Ayuke, Fredrick O., Baker, Geoff H., Baretta, Dilmar, Barkusky, Dietmar, Hishi, Takuo, Beauséjour, Robin, Bedano, José C., Cluzeau, Daniel, Birkhofer, Klaus, Blanchart, Eric, Blossey, Bernd, Bolger, Thomas, Bradley, Robert L., Brossard, Michel, and Burtis, James C.
Abstract: Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change.
Published: 2021

11. Global homogenization of the structure and function in the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces

Author: Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), Estonian Science Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Australian Research Council, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Fundación Séneca, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Slovenian Research Agency, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), Science and Engineering Research Board (India), Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Liu, Yu-Rong, Sokoya, Blessing, Wang, Jun-Tao, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Bastida, F., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Illán, Javier, G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Siebe, Christina, Trivedi, Pankaj, Zaady, Eli, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Grebenc, Tine, Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Nahberger, Tina U., Teixido, Alberto L., Zhou, Xin-Quan, Berdugo, Miguel, Durán, Jorge, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Zhou, Xiaobing, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Singh, Brajesh K., Tedersoo, Leho, Fierer, Noah, Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), Estonian Science Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Australian Research Council, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Fundación Séneca, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Slovenian Research Agency, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), Science and Engineering Research Board (India), Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Liu, Yu-Rong, Sokoya, Blessing, Wang, Jun-Tao, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Bastida, F., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Illán, Javier, G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Siebe, Christina, Trivedi, Pankaj, Zaady, Eli, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Grebenc, Tine, Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Nahberger, Tina U., Teixido, Alberto L., Zhou, Xin-Quan, Berdugo, Miguel, Durán, Jorge, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Zhou, Xiaobing, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Singh, Brajesh K., Tedersoo, Leho, and Fierer, Noah
Abstract: The structure and function of the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces remain largely undetermined. We conducted a global field survey in urban greenspaces and neighboring natural ecosystems across 56 cities from six continents, and found that urban soils are important hotspots for soil bacterial, protist and functional gene diversity, but support highly homogenized microbial communities worldwide. Urban greenspaces had a greater proportion of fast-growing bacteria, algae, amoebae, and fungal pathogens, but a lower proportion of ectomycorrhizal fungi than natural ecosystems. These urban ecosystems also showed higher proportions of genes associated with human pathogens, greenhouse gas emissions, faster nutrient cycling, and more intense abiotic stress than natural environments. City affluence, management practices, and climate were fundamental drivers of urban soil communities. Our work paves the way toward a more comprehensive global-scale perspective on urban greenspaces, which is integral to managing the health of these ecosystems and the well-being of human populations.
Published: 2021

12. Global geographic distribution and host range of fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker

Author: European Commission, Estonian Science Foundation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Scottish Government, Office fédéral de l'environnement (Suisse), Martín-García, Jorge [0000-0002-3057-3710], Vahalík, P. [0000-0003-3404-3095], Adamson, K. [0000-0002-8810-8838], Adamčikova, K. [0000-0001-5407-5233], Ahumada, Rodrigo [0000-0002-2397-2721], Blank, Lior [0000-0002-8753-0113], Bragança, H. [0000-0002-7957-5493], Capretti, P. [0000-0002-1893-9871], Cleary, M. [0000-0002-0318-5974], Cornejo, Carolina [0000-0003-3259-6198], Davydenko, K. [0000-0001-6077-8533], Díez, Julio Javier [0000-0003-0558-8141], Doǧmuş-Lehtijärvi, Hatice T. [0000-0002-1050-8823], Dvorák, Milon [0000-0002-4390-4718], Enderle, R. [0000-0002-3436-9581], Fourie, Gerda [0000-0003-2650-5448], Georgieva, M. [0000-0003-3165-1992], Ghelardini, L. [0000-0002-3180-4226], Hantula, Jarkko [0000-0002-1016-0636], Ioos, Renaud [0000-0001-9359-5098], Iturritxa, Eugenia [0000-0002-6390-5873], Kanetis, Loukas [0000-0002-1869-558X], Karpun, Natalia N. [0000-0002-7696-3618], Koltay, András [0000-0001-6865-2601], Markovskaja, S. [0000-0003-3111-6949], Mesanza, Nebai [0000-0002-1578-9193], Milenkovic, Ivan [0000-0003-2792-0221], Musolin, Dmitry L. [0000-0002-3913-3674], Nowakowska, Justyna A. [0000-0001-5863-053X], Ogris, N. [0000-0002-4058-9417], Oskay, F. [0000-0002-8918-5595], Oszako, Tomasz [0000-0003-4688-2582], Papazova-Anakieva, Irena [0000-0002-7260-4685], Paraschiv, Marius [0000-0001-6916-8600], Pasquali, Matias [0000-0002-9102-2066], Pecori, Francesco [0000-0002-6577-7190], Rafoss, Trond [0000-0002-8489-4771], Raitelaitytė, K. [0000-0001-9753-9712], Raposo Llobet, María Rosa [0000-0002-4893-6874], Robin, Cecile [0000-0002-8145-245X], Rodas, Carlos A. [0000-0002-8895-8883], Sanz-Ros, Antonio V. [0000-0002-4791-8308], Selikhovkin, Andrey V. [0000-0003-4227-9647], Solla, A. [0000-0002-2596-1612], Soukainen, M. [0000-0001-6686-0191], Soulioti, Nikoleta [0000-0001-5011-0863], Steenkamp, Emma T. [0000-0003-0217-8219], Tsopelas, Panaghiotis [0000-0002-7853-4534], Vemic, Aleksandar [0000-0001-9195-8967], Vettraino, A. M. [0000-0003-0797-3297], Wingfield, Michael J. [0000-0001-9346-2009], Woodward, Stephen [0000-0002-6627-7702], Zamora-Ballesteros, Cristina [0000-0002-9728-5553], Mullett, M. [0000-0002-6013-0347], Drenkhan, R., Ganley, Beccy, Martín-García, Jorge, Vahalík, P., Adamson, K., Adamčikova, K., Ahumada, Rodrigo, Blank, Lior, Bragança, H., Capretti, P., Cleary, M., Cornejo, Carolina, Davydenko, K., Díez, Julio Javier, Doǧmuş-Lehtijärvi, Hatice T., Dvorák, Milon, Enderle, R., Fourie, Gerda, Georgieva, M., Ghelardini, L., Hantula, Jarkko, Ioos, Renaud, Iturritxa, Eugenia, Kanetis, Loukas, Karpun, Natalia N., Koltay, András, Landeras, Elena, Markovskaja, S., Mesanza, Nebai, Milenkovic, Ivan, Musolin, Dmitry L., Nikolaou, Konstantinos, Nowakowska, Justyna A., Ogris, N., Oskay, F., Oszako, Tomasz, Papazova-Anakieva, Irena, Paraschiv, Marius, Pasquali, Matias, Pecori, Francesco, Rafoss, Trond, Raitelaitytė, K., Raposo Llobet, María Rosa, Robin, Cecile, Rodas, Carlos A., Santini, Alberto, Sanz-Ros, Antonio V., Selikhovkin, Andrey V., Solla, A., Soukainen, M., Soulioti, Nikoleta, Steenkamp, Emma T., Tsopelas, Panaghiotis, Vemic, Aleksandar, Vettraino, A. M., Wingfield, Michael J., Woodward, Stephen, Zamora-Ballesteros, Cristina, Mullett, M., European Commission, Estonian Science Foundation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Scottish Government, Office fédéral de l'environnement (Suisse), Martín-García, Jorge [0000-0002-3057-3710], Vahalík, P. [0000-0003-3404-3095], Adamson, K. [0000-0002-8810-8838], Adamčikova, K. [0000-0001-5407-5233], Ahumada, Rodrigo [0000-0002-2397-2721], Blank, Lior [0000-0002-8753-0113], Bragança, H. [0000-0002-7957-5493], Capretti, P. [0000-0002-1893-9871], Cleary, M. [0000-0002-0318-5974], Cornejo, Carolina [0000-0003-3259-6198], Davydenko, K. [0000-0001-6077-8533], Díez, Julio Javier [0000-0003-0558-8141], Doǧmuş-Lehtijärvi, Hatice T. [0000-0002-1050-8823], Dvorák, Milon [0000-0002-4390-4718], Enderle, R. [0000-0002-3436-9581], Fourie, Gerda [0000-0003-2650-5448], Georgieva, M. [0000-0003-3165-1992], Ghelardini, L. [0000-0002-3180-4226], Hantula, Jarkko [0000-0002-1016-0636], Ioos, Renaud [0000-0001-9359-5098], Iturritxa, Eugenia [0000-0002-6390-5873], Kanetis, Loukas [0000-0002-1869-558X], Karpun, Natalia N. [0000-0002-7696-3618], Koltay, András [0000-0001-6865-2601], Markovskaja, S. [0000-0003-3111-6949], Mesanza, Nebai [0000-0002-1578-9193], Milenkovic, Ivan [0000-0003-2792-0221], Musolin, Dmitry L. [0000-0002-3913-3674], Nowakowska, Justyna A. [0000-0001-5863-053X], Ogris, N. [0000-0002-4058-9417], Oskay, F. [0000-0002-8918-5595], Oszako, Tomasz [0000-0003-4688-2582], Papazova-Anakieva, Irena [0000-0002-7260-4685], Paraschiv, Marius [0000-0001-6916-8600], Pasquali, Matias [0000-0002-9102-2066], Pecori, Francesco [0000-0002-6577-7190], Rafoss, Trond [0000-0002-8489-4771], Raitelaitytė, K. [0000-0001-9753-9712], Raposo Llobet, María Rosa [0000-0002-4893-6874], Robin, Cecile [0000-0002-8145-245X], Rodas, Carlos A. [0000-0002-8895-8883], Sanz-Ros, Antonio V. [0000-0002-4791-8308], Selikhovkin, Andrey V. [0000-0003-4227-9647], Solla, A. [0000-0002-2596-1612], Soukainen, M. [0000-0001-6686-0191], Soulioti, Nikoleta [0000-0001-5011-0863], Steenkamp, Emma T. [0000-0003-0217-8219], Tsopelas, Panaghiotis [0000-0002-7853-4534], Vemic, Aleksandar [0000-0001-9195-8967], Vettraino, A. M. [0000-0003-0797-3297], Wingfield, Michael J. [0000-0001-9346-2009], Woodward, Stephen [0000-0002-6627-7702], Zamora-Ballesteros, Cristina [0000-0002-9728-5553], Mullett, M. [0000-0002-6013-0347], Drenkhan, R., Ganley, Beccy, Martín-García, Jorge, Vahalík, P., Adamson, K., Adamčikova, K., Ahumada, Rodrigo, Blank, Lior, Bragança, H., Capretti, P., Cleary, M., Cornejo, Carolina, Davydenko, K., Díez, Julio Javier, Doǧmuş-Lehtijärvi, Hatice T., Dvorák, Milon, Enderle, R., Fourie, Gerda, Georgieva, M., Ghelardini, L., Hantula, Jarkko, Ioos, Renaud, Iturritxa, Eugenia, Kanetis, Loukas, Karpun, Natalia N., Koltay, András, Landeras, Elena, Markovskaja, S., Mesanza, Nebai, Milenkovic, Ivan, Musolin, Dmitry L., Nikolaou, Konstantinos, Nowakowska, Justyna A., Ogris, N., Oskay, F., Oszako, Tomasz, Papazova-Anakieva, Irena, Paraschiv, Marius, Pasquali, Matias, Pecori, Francesco, Rafoss, Trond, Raitelaitytė, K., Raposo Llobet, María Rosa, Robin, Cecile, Rodas, Carlos A., Santini, Alberto, Sanz-Ros, Antonio V., Selikhovkin, Andrey V., Solla, A., Soukainen, M., Soulioti, Nikoleta, Steenkamp, Emma T., Tsopelas, Panaghiotis, Vemic, Aleksandar, Vettraino, A. M., Wingfield, Michael J., Woodward, Stephen, Zamora-Ballesteros, Cristina, and Mullett, M.
Abstract: Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC), is currently one of the most important threats of Pinus spp. globally. This pathogen is known in many pine-growing regions, including natural and planted forests, and can affect all life stages of trees, from emerging seedlings to mature trees. Despite the importance of PPC, the global distribution of F. circinatum is poorly documented, and this problem is also true of the hosts within countries that are affected. The aim of this study was to review the global distribution of F. circinatum, with a particular focus on Europe. We considered (1) the current and historical pathogen records, both positive and negative, based on confirmed reports from Europe and globally; (2) the genetic diversity and population structure of the pathogen; (3) the current distribution of PPC in Europe, comparing published models of predicted disease distribution; and (4) host susceptibility by reviewing literature and generating a comprehensive list of known hosts for the fungus. These data were collated from 41 countries and used to compile a specially constructed geo-database. A review of 6297 observation records showed that F. circinatum and the symptoms it causes on conifers occurred in 14 countries, including four in Europe, and is absent in 28 countries. Field observations and experimental data from 138 host species revealed 106 susceptible host species including 85 Pinus species, 6 non-pine tree species and 15 grass and herb species. Our data confirm that susceptibility to F. circinatum varies between different host species, tree ages and environmental characteristics. Knowledge on the geographic distribution, host range and the relative susceptibility of different hosts is essential for disease management, mitigation and containment strategies. The findings reported in this review will support countries that are currently free of F. circinatum in implementing effective procedures and restrictions and prevent further
Published: 2020

13. Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathogen Fusarium circinatum

Author: Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo - Institut Agroforestal Mediterrani, Estonian Science Foundation, Forestry Commission, Reino Unido, Slovenian Research Agency, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Ministry for Primary Industries, Nueva Zelanda, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food, Eslovenia, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Portugal, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail, Francia, Ioos, R., Aloi, F., Piskur, B., Guinet, C., Mullett, M., Berbegal Martinez, Monica, Bragança, H., Cacciola, S.O., Oskay, F., Cornejo, C., Adamson, K., Kacergius, A., Martínez-Álvarez, P., Nowakowska, J.A., Luchi, N., Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo - Institut Agroforestal Mediterrani, Estonian Science Foundation, Forestry Commission, Reino Unido, Slovenian Research Agency, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Ministry for Primary Industries, Nueva Zelanda, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food, Eslovenia, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Portugal, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail, Francia, Ioos, R., Aloi, F., Piskur, B., Guinet, C., Mullett, M., Berbegal Martinez, Monica, Bragança, H., Cacciola, S.O., Oskay, F., Cornejo, C., Adamson, K., Kacergius, A., Martínez-Álvarez, P., Nowakowska, J.A., and Luchi, N.
Abstract: [EN] Fusarium circinatum is a harmful pathogenic fungus mostly attacking Pinus species and also Pseudotsuga menziesii, causing cankers in trees of all ages, damping-off in seedlings, and mortality in cuttings and mother plants for clonal production. This fungus is listed as a quarantine pest in several parts of the world and the trade of potentially contaminated pine material such as cuttings, seedlings or seeds is restricted in order to prevent its spread to disease-free areas. Inspection of plant material often relies on DNA testing and several conventional or real-time PCR based tests targeting F. circinatum are available in the literature. In this work, an international collaborative study joined 23 partners to assess the transferability and the performance of nine molecular protocols, using a wide panel of DNA from 71 representative strains of F. circinatum and related Fusarium species. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the nine protocols all reached values >80%, and the diagnostic specificity was the only parameter differing significantly between protocols. The rates of false positives and of false negatives were computed and only the false positive rates differed significantly, ranging from 3.0% to 17.3%. The difference between protocols for some of the performance values were mainly due to cross-reactions with DNA from non-target species, which were either not tested or documented in the original articles. Considering that participating laboratories were free to use their own reagents and equipment, this study demonstrated that the diagnostic protocols for F. circinatum were not easily transferable to end-users. More generally, our results suggest that the use of protocols using conventional or real-time PCR outside their initial development and validation conditions should require careful characterization of the performance data prior to use under modified conditions (i.e. reagents and equipment). Suggestions to improve the transfer are pr
Published: 2019

14. Spatial patterns of competing random walkers

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Estonian Science Foundation, Hernández-García, Emilio, Heinsalu, Els, López, Cristóbal, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Estonian Science Foundation, Hernández-García, Emilio, Heinsalu, Els, and López, Cristóbal
Abstract: © 2014 Elsevier B.V. We review recent results obtained from simple individual-based models of biological competition in which birth and death rates of an organism depend on the presence of other competing organisms close to it. In addition the individuals perform random walks of different types (Gaussian diffusion and Lévy flights). We focus on how competition and random motions affect each other, from which spatial instabilities and extinctions arise. Under suitable conditions, competitive interactions lead to clustering of individuals and periodic pattern formation. Random motion has a homogenizing effect and then delays this clustering instability. When individuals from species differing in their random walk characteristics are allowed to compete together, the ones with a tendency to form narrower clusters get a competitive advantage over the others. Mean-field deterministic equations are analyzed and compared with the outcome of the individual-based simulations.
Published: 2015

15. Constructive effects of diversity in a multi-neuron model of the homeostatic regulation of the sleep-wake cycle

Author: Ministry of Education and Research (Estonia), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Estonian Science Foundation, Patriarca, Marco, Hernández-García, Emilio, Toral, Raúl, Ministry of Education and Research (Estonia), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Estonian Science Foundation, Patriarca, Marco, Hernández-García, Emilio, and Toral, Raúl
Abstract: As an instance of diversity-induced resonance and of the constructive role of heterogeneity in complex systems, here we study a generalized version of a physiologically-motivated sleep-wake cycle model taking into account the role of orexin [Patriarca et al. (2012) [16]; Postnova et al. (2009) [9]]. With respect to the versions of the model studied previously, here we consider systems containing both a set of orexin neurons - responsible for the production of orexin - and a set of glutaminergic neurons - representing mental activity or sleep depending on their firing or silent state, respectively - within some basic network topologies. The neurons of one or both types are diversified and it is shown how the interplay between the heterogeneous constituent units produces as an emergent effect the recovering or improving of the sleep-wake cycle. At a general level, the results obtained suggest that also systems with a dynamics driven by a homeostatic mechanism, with a time scale much longer than that of the constituent excitable units, may present diversity-induced resonance.
Published: 2015

16. Clustering determines who survives for competing brownian and lévy walkers

Author: Estonian Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Heinsalu, Els, Hernández-García, Emilio, López, Cristóbal, Estonian Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Heinsalu, Els, Hernández-García, Emilio, and López, Cristóbal
Abstract: The competition between two ecologically similar species that use the same resources and differ from each other only in the type of spatial motion they undergo is studied. The latter is assumed to be described either by Brownian motion or Lévy flights. Competition is taken into account by assuming that individuals reproduce in a density-dependent fashion. It is observed that no influence of the type of motion occurs when the two species are in a well-mixed unstructured state. However, as soon as the species develop spatial clustering, the one forming more concentrated clusters gets a competitive advantage and eliminates the other. A similar competitive advantage would occur between walkers of the same type but with different diffusivities if this leads also to different clustering. The coexistence of both species is also possible under certain conditions. © 2013 American Physical Society.
Published: 2013

17. Human microRNAs miR-22, miR-138-2, miR-148a, and miR-488 are associated with panic disorder and regulate several anxiety candidate genes and related pathways

Author: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundació La Marató de TV3, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Estonian Government, Fundación Genoma España, Academy of Finland, Yrjo and Tuulikki Ilvonen Foundation, Estonian Science Foundation, Muiños-Gimeno, Margarita, Espinosa-Parrilla, Yolanda, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundació La Marató de TV3, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Estonian Government, Fundación Genoma España, Academy of Finland, Yrjo and Tuulikki Ilvonen Foundation, Estonian Science Foundation, Muiños-Gimeno, Margarita, Espinosa-Parrilla, Yolanda, and Sigrid Juselius Foundation
Abstract: [Background] The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in neuronal differentiation and synaptic plasticity suggests a role for miRNAs in psychiatric disorders; association analyses and functional approaches were used to evaluate the implication of miRNAs in the susceptibility for panic disorder., [Methods] Case-control studies for 712 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tagging 325 human miRNA regions were performed in 203 Spanish patients with panic disorder and 341 control subjects. A sample of 321 anxiety patients and 642 control subjects from Finland and 102 panic disorder patients and 829 control subjects from Estonia was used as a replica. Reporter-gene assays and miRNA overexpression experiments in neuroblastoma cells were used to functionally evaluate the spectrum of genes regulated by the associated miRNAs., [Results] Two SNPs associated with panic disorder: rs6502892 tagging miR-22 (p < .0002), and rs11763020 tagging miR-339 (p < .00008). Other SNPs tagging miR-138-2, miR-488, miR-491, and miR-148a regions associated with different panic disorder phenotypes. Replication in the north-European sample supported several of these associations, although they did not pass correction for multiple testing. Functional studies revealed that miR-138-2, miR-148a, and miR-488 repress (30%–60%) several candidate genes for panic disorder—GABRA6, CCKBR and POMC, respectively—and that miR-22 regulates four other candidate genes: BDNF, HTR2C, MAOA, and RGS2. Transcriptome analysis of neuroblastoma cells transfected with miR-22 and miR-488 showed altered expression of a subset of predicted target genes for these miRNAs and of genes that might be affecting physiological pathways related to anxiety., [Conclusions] This work represents the first report of a possible implication of miRNAs in the etiology of panic disorder.
Published: 2010

18. The rapid light response of leaf hydraulic conductance: new evidence from two experimental methods

Author: National Science Foundation (US), Estonian Science Foundation, Ministry of Education and Science (Estonia), Scoffoni, Christine, Pou, Alicia, Aasamaa, Kroot, Sack, Lawren, National Science Foundation (US), Estonian Science Foundation, Ministry of Education and Science (Estonia), Scoffoni, Christine, Pou, Alicia, Aasamaa, Kroot, and Sack, Lawren
Abstract: Previous studies have shown a rapid enhancement in leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) from low to high irradiance (from <10 to >1000 µmol photons m−2 s−1), using the high-pressure flow meter (HPFM), for 7 of 14 tested woody species. However, theoretical suggestions have been made that this response might arise as an artifact of the HPFM. We tested the Kleaf light response for six evergreen species using refined versions of the rehydration kinetics method (RKM) and the evaporative flux method (EFM). We found new evidence for a rapid, 60% to 100% increase in Kleaf from low to high irradiance for three species. In the RKM, the leaf rehydration time constant declined by up to 70% under high irradiance relative to darkness. In the EFM, under higher irradiance, the flow rate increased disproportionately to the water potential gradient. Combining our data with those of previous studies, we found that heterobaric species, i.e. those with bundle sheath extensions (BSEs) showed a twofold greater Kleaf light response on average than homobaric species, i.e. those without BSEs. We suggest further research to characterize this substantial dynamic at the nexus of plant light- and water-relations.
Published: 2008

19. Atopy modifies the association between inhaled corticosteroid use and lung function decline in patients with asthma

Author: Isabelle Pin, Isa Cerveri, Lucia Cazzoletti, Andrei Malinovschi, Josep M. Antó, Simone Accordini, Deborah Jarvis, David Gislason, Ane Johannessen, Bénédicte Leynaert, Pierpaolo Marchetti, Diogenes S. Ferreira, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Alessandro Marcon, Christer Janson, Rain Jögi, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Angelo Corsico, Joachim Heinrich, Joost Weyler, Vieillissement et Maladies chroniques : approches épidémiologique et de santé publique (VIMA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), 2610, 4350 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, 99/0034-02 97/0035, 97/0035-02, 99/0034-04, 99/0034-06, 99/0034-07, 99/350 90MR/10, 91AF/6 SEPAR R01 HL62633-01 018996 911631 Russell Sage Foundation, RSF ResMed Foundation AstraZeneca GlaxoSmithKline, GSK Novartis U.S. Public Health Service, USPHS: R01 HL62633-01 Chiesi Farmaceutici, Chiesi Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, FAS Boehringer Ingelheim VÃ¥rdalstiftelsen Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft, FAG Commercial Aircraft of China, COMAC Wellcome Trust, WT: WT 084703MA Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020: 633212 Growing Spine Foundation, GSF Gobierno del Principado de Asturias Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, BMRF Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, AAFA Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social, MISAN Union Chimique Belge, UCB Medical Research Council, MRC: 92091, G0901214 National Institute for Health Research, NIHR British Lung Foundation, BLF European Commission, EC: EU-PEAL PL01237 National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC: G.0402.00 Asthma Foundation of Victoria Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: FR1526/1-1, HE 3294/10-1, MA 711/4-1, MA 711/6-1, NO 262/7-1 Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur FÃ¶rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNSF: 3100-059302, 3200-042532, 3200-052720, 3247-065896, 3247BO-104283, 3247BO-104284, 3247BO-104288, 33CSCO-108796, 33CSCO-134276/1, 4026-028099, 4026-28099 Eesti Teadusfondi, ETF: 1088 ForskningsrÃ¥det fÃ¶r Arbetsliv och Socialvetenskap, FAS Eesti Teadusagentuur: 562 Bundesamt für Gesundheit, BAG Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, BELSPO Generalitat de Catalunya Consell CatalÃ de Recerca i InnovaciÃ³: 1999SGR 00241 Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium: SF0180060s09 HjÃ¤rt-Lungfonden Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII: C03/011, C03/09 HÃ¡skÃ³li Ãslands, HI Norges ForskningsrÃ¥d: 101422/310, 214123 Medicinska ForskningsrÃ¥det, MFR Cancéropôle Ile de France Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 381/05.93 Ministeriet Sundhed Forebyggelse SUVA Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica, SEPAR: FIS 09/01511, FIS PS09/00716, FIS PS09/02185, FIS PS09/03190, SEPAR 1001/2010 Horizon 2020 Universiteit Antwerpen ComitÃ© des Maladies Respiratoires de l'IsÃ¨re ComissiÃ³ Interdepartamental de Recerca i InnovaciÃ³ TecnolÃ²gica, CIRIT: 1997 SGR 00079, 1999 SGR 00214 Servicio Murciano de Salud Regione del Veneto Regione Piemonte Astma- och AllergifÃ¶rbundet Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux Office FÃ©dÃ©ral de l'Education et de la Science, OFES Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, BMBWF Helmholtz Zentrum MÃ¼nchen Lungenliga Schweiz Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino, MARM: G03/176 Ministère des Solidarités et de la Santé INCLIVA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria: 91/0016-060-05/E, 92/0319, 93/0393, PS09/00716, PS09/01511, PS09/02185, PS09/02457, PS09/03190 Fundació Autònoma Solidària, FAS Servicio Andaluz de Salud, SAS, The ALEC study is funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement number 633212. ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. National funders who supported data collection in the original studies are listed in Appendix E4 in this article's Online Repository at www.jaci-inpractice.org. The funders had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication.Conflicts of interest: D. S. Ferreira reports grants from the Asthma Foundation of Victoria, Allen and Hanburys, National Health and Medical Research Council. I. Pin reports travel grants and honoraria from Novartis, Zambon, and AstraZeneca, and nonfinancial support from AGIR?dom. R. J?gi reports grants from Estonian Research Council Personal Research (grant no. 562), and consultancy, lecture, and travel fees from GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer, and Novartis. The rest of the authors report no financial relationships with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous 3 years, and no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.Financial support for ECRHS I: The coordination of this work was supported by the European Commission, and the authors and participants are grateful to the late C. Baya and M. Hallen for their help during the study and K. Vuylsteek and the members of the COMAC for their support. The following grants helped to fund the local studies: Australia: Asthma Foundation of Victoria, Allen and Hanbury's, Belgium: Belgian Science Policy Office, National Fund for Scientific Research, Estonia: Estonian Science Foundation (grant no. 1088), France: Minist?re de la Sant?, Glaxo France, Institut Pneumologique d'Aquitaine, Contrat de Plan Etat-R?gion Languedoc-Rousillon, Caisse nationale de l'assurance maladie des travailleurs salari?s, Comit? national contre les maladies respiratoires et la tuberculose (90MR/10, 91AF/6), Ministre delegu? de la sant?, R?seau national de sant? publique, France, Germany: Helmholtz Zentrum Munich and Bundesminister f?r Forschung und Technologie, Italy: Ministero dell'Universit? e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Regione Veneto (grant RSF no. 381/05.93), Norway: Norwegian Research Council project no. 101422/310, Portugal: Glaxo Farmac?utica Lda, Sandoz Portugesa, Spain: Fondo de Investigaci?n Sanitaria (nos. 91/0016-060-05/E, 92/0319, and 93/0393), Hospital General de Albacete, Hospital General Juan Ram?n Jim?nez, Direcci?n Regional de Salud P?blica (Consejer?a de Sanidad del Principado de Asturias), Consell Interdepartamental de Recerca i Innovaci? Tecnol?gica (1997 SGR 00079), and Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Sweden: The Swedish Medical Research Council, the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, the Swedish Association against Asthma and Allergy, Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. 4026-28099), and UK: National Asthma Campaign, British Lung Foundation, Department of Health, South Thames Regional Health Authority.Financial support for ECRHS II: Australia: National Health and Medical Research Council, Belgium: Antwerp: Fund for Scientific Research (grant code G.0402.00), University of Antwerp, and Flemish Health Ministry, Estonia: Tartu: Estonian Science Foundation (grant no. 4350), France: (All) Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique?Direction de la Recherche Clinique de Grenoble 2000 number 2610, Ministry of Health, Minist?re de l'Emploi et de la Solidarit?, Direction G?nerale de la Sant?, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Bordeaux: Institut Pneumologique d'Aquitaine, Grenoble: Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l'Isere, Montpellier: Aventis (France), Direction Regionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales Languedoc-Roussillon, Paris: Union Chimique Belge-Pharma (France), Aventis (France), Glaxo France, Germany: Erfurt: GSF?National Research Centre for Environment and Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant code FR1526/1-1), Hamburg: GSF?National Research Centre for Environment and Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant code MA 711/4-1), Iceland: Reykjavik: Icelandic Research Council and Icelandic University Hospital Fund, Italy: Pavia: GlaxoSmithKline Italy, Italian Ministry of University and Scientific and Technological Research (MURST), and Local University Funding for Research 1998 and 1999, Turin: Azienda Sanitaria Locale 4 Regione Piemonte (Italy), Azienda Ospedaliera Centro Traumatologico Ospedaliero/Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico?Istituto Clinico Ortopedico Regina Maria Adelaide Regione Piemonte, Verona: Ministero dell'Universit? e della Ricerca Scientifica (MURST), Glaxo Wellcome s.p.a., Norway: Bergen: Norwegian Research Council, Norwegian Asthma and Allergy Association, Glaxo Wellcome AS, and Norway Research Fund, Spain: Fondo de Investigacion Santarias (grant codes 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, and 99/0034-02), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Consejeria de Sanidad, Barcelona: Sociedad Espanola de Neumolog?a y Cirug?a Toracica, Public Health Service (grant code R01 HL62633-01), Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (grant codes 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, and 99/0034-02), Consell Interdepartamentalde Recerca i Innovaci? Tecnol?gica (grant code 1999SGR 00241), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red de Centros de Epidemiolog?a y Salud P?blica, C03/09, Red de Bases moleculares y fisiol?gicas de las Enfermedades Respiratorias, C03/011 and Red de Grupos Infancia y Medio Ambiente G03/176, Huelva: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (grant codes 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, and 99/0034-02), Galdakao: Basque Health Department, Oviedo: Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitaria (97/0035-02, 97/0035, 99/0034-01, 99/0034-02, 99/0034-04, 99/0034-06, 99/350, and 99/0034-07), European Commission (EU-PEAL PL01237), Generalitat de Catalunya (CIRIT 1999 SGR 00214), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Sociedad Espa?ola de Neumolog?a y Cirug?a Tor?cica (SEPAR R01 HL62633-01), Red de Centros de Epidemiolog?a y Salud P?blica (C03/09), Red de Bases moleculares y fisiol?gicas de las Enfermedades Respiratorias (C03/011), and Red de Grupos Infancia y Medio Ambiente (G03/176, 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, and 99/0034-02), Sweden: G?teborg, Umea, AND Uppsala: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences and Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma and Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer and Allergy Foundation, and Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS), Switzerland: Basel: Swiss National Science Foundation, Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science, and Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund, UK: Ipswich and Norwich: Asthma UK (formerly known as National Asthma Campaign).Financial support for ECRHS III: Australia: National Health and Medical Research Council, Belgium: Antwerp: South and Antwerp City: Research Foundation Flanders (grant code G.0.410.08.N.10), Estonia: Tartu: the Estonian Ministry of Education (SF0180060s09), France: (All): Minist?re de la Sant?, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique national 2010, Bordeaux: INSERM U897 Universit? Bordeaux segalen, Grenoble: Comite Scientifique AGIRadom 2011, and Paris: Agence Nationale de la Sant?, R?gion Ile de France, domaine d'int?r?t majeur, Germany: Erfurt: German Research Foundation (HE 3294/10-1), Hamburg: German Research Foundation (MA 711/6-1, NO 262/7-1), Iceland: Reykjavik: The Landspitali University Hospital Research Fund, University of Iceland Research Fund, ResMed Foundation, California, USA, Orkuveita Reykjavikur (Geothermal plant), and Vegager?in (The Icelandic Road Administration, Italy: All Italian centers were funded by the Italian Ministry of Health, Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, in addition, Verona was funded by Cariverona Foundation and Education Ministry (Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universit? e della Ricerca), Norway: Norwegian Research Council (grant no. 214123), Western Norway Regional Health Authorities (grant no. 911631), and Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Spain: Fondo de Investigaci?n Sanitaria (PS09/02457, PS09/00716, PS09/01511, PS09/02185, PS09/03190), Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Sociedad Espa?ola de Neumolog?a y Cirurg?a Tor?cica (SEPAR 1001/2010), Fondo de Investigaci?n Sanitaria (PS09/02457), Barcelona: Fondo de Investigaci?n Sanitaria (FIS PS09/00716), Galdakao: Fondo de Investigaci?n Sanitaria (FIS 09/01511), Huelva: Fondo de Investigaci?n Sanitaria (FIS PS09/02185) and Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Oviedo: Fondo de Investigaci?n Sanitaria (FIS PS09/03190), Sweden: All centers were funded by The Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, The Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association, The Swedish Association against Lung and Heart Disease, Swedish Research Council for health, working life and welfare, G?teborg: also received further funding from the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research. Umea: also received funding from Vasterbotten Country Council ALF grant, Switzerland: The Swiss National Science Foundation (grants nos. 33CSCO-134276/1, 33CSCO-108796, 3247BO-104283, 3247BO-104288, 3247BO-104284, 3247-065896, 3100-059302, 3200-052720, 3200-042532, and 4026-028099), The Federal Office for Forest, Environment and Landscape, The Federal Office of Public Health, The Federal Office of Roads and Transport, the canton's government of Aargan, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Land, Geneva, Luzern, Ticino, Valais, and Z?rich, the Swiss Lung League, the canton's Lung League of Basel-Stadt/Basel, Landschaft, Geneva, Ticino, Valais, and Zurich, SUVA, Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft, UBS Wealth Foundation, Talecris Biotherapeutics GmbH, Abbott Diagnostics, European Commission 018996 (GABRIEL), Wellcome Trust WT 084703MA, and UK: Medical Research Council (grant no.92091), support also provided by the National Institute for Health Research through the Primary Care Research Network., Financial support for ECRHS III: Australia: National Health and Medical Research Council, Estonia: Tartu: the Estonian Ministry of Education ( SF0180060s09 ), France: (All): Ministère de la Santé, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique national 2010, Bordeaux: INSERM U897 Université Bordeaux segalen, and Paris: Agence Nationale de la Santé, Région Ile de France, domaine d'intérêt majeur, Germany: Erfurt: German Research Foundation ( HE 3294/10-1 ), Hamburg: German Research Foundation ( MA 711/6-1 , NO 262/7-1 ), Iceland: Reykjavik: The Landspitali University Hospital Research Fund, University of Iceland Research Fund, ResMed Foundation , California, USA , Orkuveita Reykjavikur (Geothermal plant), and Vegagerðin (The Icelandic Road Administration, Italy: All Italian centers were funded by the Italian Ministry of Health , Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, in addition, Verona was funded by Cariverona Foundation and Education Ministry (Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca), Norway: Norwegian Research Council (grant no. 214123 ), Western Norway Regional Health Authorities (grant no. 911631 ), and Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Spain: Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (PS09/02457, PS09/00716, PS09/01511, PS09/02185, PS09/03190), Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirurgía Torácica ( SEPAR 1001/2010), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (PS09/02457), Barcelona: Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS PS09/00716), Galdakao: Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS 09/01511), Huelva: Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS PS09/02185) and Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Oviedo: Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS PS09/03190), Sweden: All centers were funded by The Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, The Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association , The Swedish Association against Lung and Heart Disease , Swedish Research Council for health, working life and welfare, Göteborg: also received further funding from the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research . Umea: also received funding from Vasterbotten Country Council ALF grant, Switzerland: The Swiss National Science Foundation (grants nos. 33CSCO-134276/1 , 33CSCO-108796 , 3247BO-104283 , 3247BO-104288 , 3247BO-104284 , 3247-065896 , 3100-059302 , 3200-052720 , 3200-042532 , and 4026-028099 ), The Federal Office for Forest, Environment and Landscape, The Federal Office of Public Health, The Federal Office of Roads and Transport, the canton's government of Aargan, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Land, Geneva, Luzern, Ticino, Valais, and Zürich, the Swiss Lung League , the canton's Lung League of Basel-Stadt/Basel, Landschaft, Geneva, Ticino, Valais, and Zurich, SUVA, Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft , UBS Wealth Foundation, Talecris Biotherapeutics GmbH, Abbott Diagnostics , European Commission 018996 (GABRIEL), Wellcome Trust WT 084703MA, and UK: Medical Research Council (grant no. 92091 ), support also provided by the National Institute for Health Research through the Primary Care Research Network ., Conflicts of interest: D. S. Ferreira reports grants from the Asthma Foundation of Victoria , Allen and Hanburys , National Health and Medical Research Council . I. Pin reports travel grants and honoraria from Novartis , Zambon , and AstraZeneca , and nonfinancial support from AGIRàdom. R. Jõgi reports grants from Estonian Research Council Personal Research (grant no. 562 ), and consultancy, lecture, and travel fees from GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer, and Novartis. The rest of the authors report no financial relationships with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous 3 years, and no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., Financial support for ECRHS II: Australia: National Health and Medical Research Council, Belgium: Antwerp: Fund for Scientific Research (grant code G.0402.00 ), University of Antwerp , and Flemish Health Ministry, Estonia: Tartu: Estonian Science Foundation (grant no. 4350 ), France: (All) Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique—Direction de la Recherche Clinique de Grenoble 2000 number 2610, Ministry of Health , Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Solidarité, Direction Génerale de la Santé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Bordeaux: Institut Pneumologique d’Aquitaine, Grenoble: Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l’Isere, Germany: Erfurt: GSF— National Research Centre for Environment and Health , Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant code FR1526/1-1 ), Hamburg: GSF— National Research Centre for Environment and Health , Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant code MA 711/4-1 ), Turin: Azienda Sanitaria Locale 4 Regione Piemonte (Italy), Azienda Ospedaliera Centro Traumatologico Ospedaliero/Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico—Istituto Clinico Ortopedico Regina Maria Adelaide Regione Piemonte, Verona: Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica (MURST), Glaxo Wellcome s.p.a., Norway: Bergen: Norwegian Research Council , Norwegian Asthma and Allergy Association , Glaxo Wellcome AS , and Norway Research Fund, Spain: Fondo de Investigacion Santarias (grant codes 97/0035-01 , 99/0034-01 , and 99/0034-02 ), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Consejeria de Sanidad, Barcelona: Sociedad Espanola de Neumología y Cirugía Toracica, Public Health Service (grant code R01 HL62633-01 ), Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (grant codes 97/0035-01 , 99/0034-01 , and 99/0034-02 ), Consell Interdepartamentalde Recerca i Innovació Tecnológica (grant code 1999SGR 00241 ), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red de Centros de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, C03/09, Red de Bases moleculares y fisiológicas de las Enfermedades Respiratorias, C03/011 and Red de Grupos Infancia y Medio Ambiente G03/176, Huelva: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (grant codes 97/0035-01 , 99/0034-01 , and 99/0034-02 ), Oviedo: Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitaria ( 97/0035-02 , 97/0035 , 99/0034-01 , 99/0034-02 , 99/0034-04 , 99/0034-06 , 99/350 , and 99/0034-07 ), European Commission ( EU-PEAL PL01237 ), Generalitat de Catalunya ( CIRIT 1999 SGR 00214), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica ( SEPAR R01 HL62633-01 ), Red de Centros de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (C03/09), Red de Bases moleculares y fisiológicas de las Enfermedades Respiratorias (C03/011), and Red de Grupos Infancia y Medio Ambiente (G03/176, Sweden: Göteborg, Umea, AND Uppsala: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences and Allergy Research , Swedish Asthma and Allergy Foundation , Swedish Cancer and Allergy Foundation , and Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research ( FAS ), Switzerland: Basel: Swiss National Science Foundation , Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science , and Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund, UK: Ipswich and Norwich: Asthma UK (formerly known as National Asthma Campaign)., Financial support for ECRHS I: The coordination of this work was supported by the European Commission , and the authors and participants are grateful to the late C. Baya and M. Hallen for their help during the study and K. Vuylsteek and the members of the COMAC for their support. The following grants helped to fund the local studies: Australia: Asthma Foundation of Victoria , Allen and Hanbury's, Belgium: Belgian Science Policy Office , National Fund for Scientific Research, Estonia: Estonian Science Foundation (grant no. 1088 ), France: Ministère de la Santé, Glaxo France , Institut Pneumologique d'Aquitaine , Contrat de Plan Etat-Région Languedoc-Rousillon , Caisse nationale de l'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés, Comité national contre les maladies respiratoires et la tuberculose (90MR/10, 91AF/6), Ministre delegué de la santé, Réseau national de santé publique, France, Germany: Helmholtz Zentrum Munich and Bundesminister für Forschung und Technologie, Italy: Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Regione Veneto (grant RSF no. 381/05.93 ), Portugal: Glaxo Farmacêutica Lda, Sandoz Portugesa, Spain: Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (nos. 91/0016-060-05/E , 92/0319 , and 93/0393 ), Hospital General de Albacete, Hospital General Juan Ramón Jiménez, Dirección Regional de Salud Pública (Consejería de Sanidad del Principado de Asturias), Consell Interdepartamental de Recerca i Innovació Tecnològica (1997 SGR 00079), and Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Sweden: The Swedish Medical Research Council , the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation , the Swedish Association against Asthma and Allergy, Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. 4026-28099 ), and UK: National Asthma Campaign , British Lung Foundation , Department of Health , South Thames Regional Health Authority ., The ALEC study is funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement number 633212. ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. National funders who supported data collection in the original studies are listed in Appendix E4 in this article's Online Repository at www.jaci-inpractice.org . The funders had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication., Commission of the European Communities, Medical Research Council (MRC), and Ageing Lungs European Cohorts ALEC
Subjects: Allergy, Epidemiology, Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Cohort Studies, Atopy, Allergic sensitization, 0302 clinical medicine, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Lung, Sensitization, Lungmedicin och allergi, biology, Inhaled corticosteroids, Lung function decline, Pyroglyphidae, Precision medicine, 3. Good health, PROPENSITY SCORE, medicine.anatomical_structure, IgE, Cohort study, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Response to corticosteroids, Asthma, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Allergic inflammation, 03 medical and health sciences, FEV1/FVC ratio, Internal medicine, Administration, Inhalation, Animals, Humans, House dust mite, Science & Technology, business.industry, Ageing Lungs in European Cohorts (ALEC) study, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 030228 respiratory system, Cats, Human medicine, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are the mainstay of asthma treatment, but response to medication is variable. Patients with allergic inflammation generally show a better short-term response to ICSs; however, studies on predictors of long-term response are few. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether allergic sensitization can modify the association between ICS use and lung function decline over 20 years in adult asthma. METHODS: We used data from the 3 clinical examinations of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. We measured ICS use (no use, and use for 8 years) and FEV1 decline among subjects with asthma over the 2 periods between consecutive examinations. We conducted a cohort study combining data of the 2 periods (906 observations from 745 subjects) to assess whether the association between ICS use and FEV1 decline was modified by allergic sensitization (IgE > 0.35 kU/L for any of house-dust mite, timothy grass, cat, or Cladosporium). RESULTS: FEV1 decline was similar for non-ICS users, as well as ICS users for less than 1.3 years, with and without allergic sensitization. However, among subjects on ICSs for a longer period, sensitization was associated with an attenuated decline (P-interaction = .006): in the group treated for more than 8 years, FEV1 decline was on average 27 mL/y (95% CIBonferroni-adjusted, 11-42) lower for subjects with sensitization compared with nonsensitized subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that biomarkers of atopy can predict a more favorable long-term response to ICSs. Randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
Published: 2020

20. Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi

Author: Leho Tedersoo, Vladimir Mikryukov, Alexander Zizka, Mohammad Bahram, Niloufar Hagh‐Doust, Sten Anslan, Oleh Prylutskyi, Manuel Delgado‐Baquerizo, Fernando T. Maestre, Jaan Pärn, Maarja Öpik, Mari Moora, Martin Zobel, Mikk Espenberg, Ülo Mander, Abdul Nasir Khalid, Adriana Corrales, Ahto Agan, Aída‐M. Vasco‐Palacios, Alessandro Saitta, Andrea C. Rinaldi, Annemieke Verbeken, Bobby P. Sulistyo, Boris Tamgnoue, Brendan Furneaux, Camila Duarte Ritter, Casper Nyamukondiwa, Cathy Sharp, César Marín, Daniyal Gohar, Darta Klavina, Dipon Sharmah, Dong Qin Dai, Eduardo Nouhra, Elisabeth Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth Rähn, Erin K. Cameron, Eske De Crop, Eveli Otsing, Evgeny A. Davydov, Felipe E. Albornoz, Francis Q. Brearley, Franz Buegger, Geoffrey Zahn, Gregory Bonito, Inga Hiiesalu, Isabel C. Barrio, Jacob Heilmann‐Clausen, Jelena Ankuda, John Y. Kupagme, Jose G. Maciá‐Vicente, Joseph Djeugap Fovo, József Geml, Juha M. Alatalo, Julieta Alvarez‐Manjarrez, Kadri Põldmaa, Kadri Runnel, Kalev Adamson, Kari Anne Bråthen, Karin Pritsch, Kassim I. Tchan, Kęstutis Armolaitis, Kevin D. Hyde, Kevin K. Newsham, Kristel Panksep, Adebola A. Lateef, Liis Tiirmann, Linda Hansson, Louis J. Lamit, Malka Saba, Maria Tuomi, Marieka Gryzenhout, Marijn Bauters, Meike Piepenbring, Nalin Wijayawardene, Nourou S. Yorou, Olavi Kurina, Peter E. Mortimer, Peter Meidl, Petr Kohout, Rolf Henrik Nilsson, Rasmus Puusepp, Rein Drenkhan, Roberto Garibay‐Orijel, Roberto Godoy, Saad Alkahtani, Saleh Rahimlou, Sergey V. Dudov, Sergei Põlme, Soumya Ghosh, Sunil Mundra, Talaat Ahmed, Tarquin Netherway, Terry W. Henkel, Tomas Roslin, Vincent Nteziryayo, Vladimir E. Fedosov, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, W. A. Erandi Yasanthika, Young Woon Lim, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Alexandre Antonelli, Urmas Kõljalg, Kessy Abarenkov, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio 'Ramón Margalef', Laboratorio de Ecología de Zonas Áridas y Cambio Global (DRYLAB), Estonian Science Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Tedersoo, Leho, Zizka, Alexander, Hagh-Doust, Niloufar, Anslan, Sten, Prylutskyi. Oleh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Maestre, Fernando T., Moora, Mari, Zobel, Martin, Espenberg, Mikk, Mander, Ülo, Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Corrales, Adriana, Agan, Ahto, Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M., Saitta, A., Sulistyo, Bobby P., Furneaux, Brendan, Duarte Ritter, Camila, Nyamukondiwa, Casper, Marín, César, Gohar, Daniyal, Klavina, Darta, Dai, Dong Qin, Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth, Otsing. Eveli, Davydov, Evgeniy A., Albornoz, Felipe E., Buegger, Franz, Zahn, Geoffrey, Bonito, Gregory, Hiiesalu, Inga, Barrio, Isabel C., Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob, Kupagme, John Y., Maciá-Vicente, Jose G., Geml, József, Alatalo, Juha M., Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta, Põldmaa, Kadri, Runnel, Kadrid, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Pritsch, Karin, Armolaitis, Kęstutis, Panksep, Kristel, Lateef, Adebola A., Saba, M., Tuomi, Maria W., Gryzenhout, M., Bauters, Marijn, Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Yorou, Nourou S., Kurina, Olavi, Kohout, Petr, Nilsson, R. H., Garibay-Orijel, Roberto, Rahimlou, Saleh, Ghosh, Soumya, Mundra, Sunil, Netherway, Tarquin, Henkel, Terry W., Roslin, Tomas, Fedosov, V., Lim, Young Woon, Antonelli, Alexandre, Koljalg, Urmas, Abarenkov, K., Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Alvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta/0000-0002-5581-7443, Espenberg, Mikk/0000-0003-0469-6394, Marin, Cesar/0000-0002-2529-8929, Mikryukov, Vladimir, Bahram, Mohammad, Prylutskyi, Oleh, Parn, Jaan, Opik, Maarja, Mander, Ulo, Vasco-Palacios, Aida-M, Saitta, Alessandro, Rinaldi, Andrea C., Verbeken, Annemieke, Tamgnoue, Boris, Ritter, Camila Duarte, Sharp, Cathy, Marin, Cesar, Sharmah, Dipon, Nouhra, Eduardo, Biersma, Elisabeth Machteld, Rahn, Elisabeth, Cameron, Erin K., De Crop, Eske, Otsing, Eveli, Davydov, Evgeny A., Brearley, Francis Q., Ankuda, Jelena, Macia-Vicente, Jose G., Fovo, Joseph Djeugap, Geml, Jozsef, Alvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta, Poldmaa, Kadri, Runnel, Kadri, Adamson, Kalev, Brathen, Kari Anne, Tchan, Kassim, I, Hyde, Kevin D., Newsham, Kevin K., Tiirmann, Liis, Hansson, Linda, Lamit, Louis J., Saba, Malka, Tuomi, Maria, Gryzenhout, Marieka, Piepenbring, Meike, Wijayawardene, Nalin, Mortimer, Peter E., Meidl, Peter, Nilsson, Rolf Henrik, Puusepp, Rasmus, Drenkhan, Rein, Godoy, Roberto, Alkahtani, Saad, Dudov, Sergey, V, Polme, Sergei, Ahmed , Talaat, Nteziryayo, Vincent, Fedosov, Vladimir E., Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Yasanthika, W. A. Erandi, SOUDZILOVSKAIA, Nadia, Abarenkov, Kessy, Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Zizka, Alexander [0000-0002-1680-9192, Hagh-Doust, Niloufar [0000-0003-0616-5829], Anslan, Sten [0000-0002-2299-454X], Prylutskyi. Oleh [0000-0001-5730-517X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Moora, Mari [0000-0002-4819-7506], Zobel, Martin [0000-0001-7957-6704], Espenberg, Mikk [0000-0003-0469-6394], Mander, Ülo [Mander, Ülo], Khalid, Abdul Nasir [0000-0002-5635-8031], Corrales, Adriana [0000-0001-9885-4634], Agan, Ahto [0000-0001-9010-8944], Vasco-Palacios, Aída-M. [0000-0003-0539-9711], Saitta, A. [0000-0002-5670-7780], Sulistyo, Bobby P. [0000-0002-5203-4822], Furneaux, Brendan [0000-0003-3522-7363], Duarte Ritter, Camila [0000-0002-3371-7425], Nyamukondiwa, Casper [0000-0002-0395-4980], Marín, César [0000-0002-2529-8929], Gohar, Daniyal [0000-0003-0312-1142], Klavina, Darta [0000-0002-1455-9062], Dai, Dong Qin [0000-0001-8935-8807], Machteld Biersma, Elisabeth [0000-0002-9877-2177], Otsing. Eveli [0000-0001-7416-257X], Davydov, Evgeniy A. [0000-0002-2316-8506], Albornoz, Felipe E. [0000-0001-9526-0945], Buegger, Franz [0000-0003-3526-4711], Zahn, Geoffrey []0000-0002-8691-692X, Bonito, Gregory [0000-0002-7262-8978], Hiiesalu, Inga [0000-0002-5457-2376], Barrio, Isabel C. [0000-0002-8120-5248], Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob [0000-0003-4713-6004], Kupagme, John Y. [0000-0002-9981-050X], Maciá-Vicente, Jose G. [0000-0002-7174-7270], Geml, József [0000-0001-8745-0423], Alatalo, Juha M. [0000-0001-5084-850X], Álvarez-Manjarrez, Julieta [0000-0002-5581-7443], Põldmaa, Kadri [0000-0002-7936-2455], Runnel, Kadrid [0000-0002-7308-3623], Bråthen, Kari Anne [0000-0003-0942-1074], Pritsch, Karin [0000-0001-6384-2473], Armolaitis, Kęstutis [0000-0001-8295-2440], Panksep, Kristel [0000-0003-4743-6111], Lateef, Adebola A. [0000-0002-0510-7996], Saba, M. [0000-0001-7673-2345], Tuomi, Maria W. [0000-0002-7154-5177], Gryzenhout, M. [0000-0002-9224-4277], Bauters, Marijn [0000-0003-0978-6639], Wijayawardene, Nalin N. [0000-0003-0522-5498], Yorou, Nourou S. [0000-0001-6997-811X], Kurina, Olavi [0000-0002-4858-4629], Kohout, Petr [0000-0002-3985-2310], Nilsson, R. H. [0000-0002-8052-0107], Garibay-Orijel, Roberto [0000-0002-6977-7550], Rahimlou, Saleh [0000-0003-0427-1329], Ghosh, Soumya [0000-0002-4945-3516], Mundra, Sunil [0000-0002-0535-118X], Netherway, Tarquin [0000-0002-9049-9225], Henkel, Terry W. [0000-0001-9760-8837], Roslin, Tomas [0000-0002-2957-4791], Fedosov, V. [0000-0002-5331-6346], Lim, Young Woon [0000-0003-2864-3449], Antonelli, Alexandre [0000-0003-1842-9297], Koljalg, Urmas [0000-0002-5171-1668], and Abarenkov, K. [0000-0001-5526-4845
Subjects: DIVERSITY, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Forests, conservation priorities, Soil, Mycorrhizae, Biodiversity, Biogeography, Climate Change, Conservation Priorities, Global Change Vulnerability, Global Maps, Mycorrhizal Fungi, Pathogens, Saprotrophs, global change vulnerability, global maps, mycorrhizal fungi, pathogens, Animals, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, ADAPTATION, saprotrophs, TEMPERATURE, Ecosystem, Soil Microbiology, biogeography, General Environmental Science, biodiversity, Ekologi, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI, SPECIES RICHNESS, Fungi, Biology and Life Sciences, CLIMATE-CHANGE MITIGATION, Plants, Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use, climate change, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BACTERIA, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, COMMUNITIES
Abstract: 15 páginas.- 6 figuras.- 93 referencias, Fungi are highly diverse organisms, which provide multiple ecosystem services. However, compared with charismatic animals and plants, the distribution patterns and conservation needs of fungi have been little explored. Here, we examined endemicity patterns, global change vulnerability and conservation priority areas for functional groups of soil fungi based on six global surveys using a high-resolution, long-read metabarcoding approach. We found that the endemicity of all fungi and most functional groups peaks in tropical habitats, including Amazonia, Yucatan, West-Central Africa, Sri Lanka, and New Caledonia, with a negligible island effect compared with plants and animals. We also found that fungi are predominantly vulnerable to drought, heat and land-cover change, particularly in dry tropical regions with high human population density. Fungal conservation areas of highest priority include herbaceous wetlands, tropical forests, and woodlands. We stress that more attention should be focused on the conservation of fungi, especially root symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi in tropical regions as well as unicellular early-diverging groups and macrofungi in general. Given the low overlap between the endemicity of fungi and macroorganisms, but high conservation needs in both groups, detailed analyses on distribution and conservation requirements are warranted for other microorganisms and soil organisms., The bulk of the funding is derived from the Estonian Science Foundation (grants PRG632, PRG1170, PRG1615, MOBTP198), EEA Financial Mechanism Baltic Research Programme (EMP442), and Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF20OC0059948).
Published: 2022

21. Global homogenization of the structure and function in the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces

Author: Pankaj Trivedi, Javier Gutiérrez Illán, Sebastián Abades, Alberto L. Teixido, Thulani P. Makhalanyane, Hang-Wei Hu, Miguel Berdugo, Felipe Bastida, Blessing Sokoya, Xiaobing Zhou, Eli Zaady, Ana Maria Rey, Jun-Tao Wang, Brajesh K. Singh, Christina Siebe, Fernando D. Alfaro, José L. Moreno, Alexandra Rodríguez, Tine Grebenc, Jorge Durán, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Concha Cano-Díaz, Jianyong Wang, José Luis Blanco-Pastor, Jay Prakash Verma, Leho Tedersoo, Noah Fierer, Xin-Quan Zhou, David J. Eldridge, Ji-Zheng He, Adebola R. Bamigboye, César Plaza, Yu-Rong Liu, Gabriel Felipe Peñaloza-Bojacá, Ling Wang, Universidad Pablo de Olavide [Sevilla] (UPO), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Huazhong Agricultural University, University of Colorado [Boulder], Western Sydney University, University of Melbourne, Fujian Normal University [Fujian], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Washington State University (WSU), University of Pretoria [South Africa], Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Gilat Research Center, Banaras Hindu University [Varanasi] (BHU), Northeast Normal University, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography [Urumqi] (XIEG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Universidad Mayor [Santiago de Chile], University of Tartu, Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), Estonian Science Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Australian Research Council, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Fundación Séneca, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Slovenian Research Agency, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), and Science and Engineering Research Board (India)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Nutrient cycle, funkcionalna pestrost, Environmental Studies, 030106 microbiology, Biodiversity, soil biodiversity, biodiverziteta tal, 03 medical and health sciences, 11. Sustainability, urban soils, Ecosystem, Microbiome, Research Articles, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, SciAdv r-articles, 15. Life on land, functional diversity, urbana tla, 030104 developmental biology, Geography, structural diversity, 13. Climate action, strukturna pestrost, Greenhouse gas, Soil water, Species richness, Urban ecosystem, udc:630*114, Research Article
Abstract: The structure and function of the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces remain largely undetermined. We conducted a global field survey in urban greenspaces and neighboring natural ecosystems across 56 cities from six continents, and found that urban soils are important hotspots for soil bacterial, protist and functional gene diversity, but support highly homogenized microbial communities worldwide. Urban greenspaces had a greater proportion of fast-growing bacteria, algae, amoebae, and fungal pathogens, but a lower proportion of ectomycorrhizal fungi than natural ecosystems. These urban ecosystems also showed higher proportions of genes associated with human pathogens, greenhouse gas emissions, faster nutrient cycling, and more intense abiotic stress than natural environments. City affluence, management practices, and climate were fundamental drivers of urban soil communities. Our work paves the way toward a more comprehensive global-scale perspective on urban greenspaces, which is integral to managing the health of these ecosystems and the well-being of human populations., M.D.-B. and this project were supported by a 2019 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators, BBVA Foundation (URBANFUN) and by the BES grant agreement no. LRB17\1019 (MUSGONET). M.D.-B. is also supported by a Ramón y Cajal grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC2018-025483-I). N.F. was supported by grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation (DEB1556090 and DEB1542653). L.T. acknowledges support from Norway-Baltic collaboration grant EMP442 and Estonian Science Foundation grant PRG632. B.K.S. acknowledges a research award by the Humboldt Foundation and funding from the Australian Research Council (DP190103714). F.A. is supported by ANID FONDECYT 11180538 and 1170995. S.A. is funded by ANID FONDECYT 1170995 and ANID ANILLO ACT192027. F.B. and J.L.M. acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry and FEDER funds for the project AGL2017-85755-R, the i-LINK+ 2018 (LINKA20069) from CSIC, as well as funds from “Fundación Séneca” from Murcia Province (19896/GERM/15). C.P. acknowledges support from the Spanish State Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation (2013–2016), award reference AGL2016-75762-R (AEI/FEDER, UE). M.B. acknowledges support from a Juan de la Cierva Formación grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FJCI-2018-036520-I). T.P.M. would like to acknowledge contributions from the National Research Foundation of South Africa and cities involved in the South African survey. Slovenian coauthors were supported by the research project J4-1766 “Methodology approaches in genome-based diversity and ecological plasticity study of truffles from their natural distribution areas” and the Research Program in Forest Biology, Ecology, and Technology (P4-0107) of the Slovenian Research Agency. J.D. and A. Rey acknowledge support from the FCT (IF/00950/2014 and SFRH/BDP/108913/2015, respectively), as well as from the MCTES, FSE, UE, and the CFE (UIDB/04004/2020) research unit financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC). J.P.V. acknowledges financial support from SERB (Science and Engineering Research Board) (EEQ/2017/000775) India. J.-Z.H. and H.-W.H. are financially supported by Australian Research Council (DP170101628).
Published: 2021

22. Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties

Author: Phillips, Helen R. P., Bach, Elizabeth M., Bartz, Marie L. C., Bennett, Joanne M., Beugnon, Rémy, Briones, Maria J. I., Brown, George G., Ferlian, Olga, Gongalsky, Konstantin B., Guerra, Carlos A., König-Ries, Birgitta, Krebs, Julia J., Orgiazzi, Alberto, Ramirez, Kelly S., Russell, David J., Schwarz, Benjamin, Wall, Diana H., Brose, Ulrich, Decaëns, Thibaud, Lavelle, Patrick, Loreau, Michel, Mathieu, Jérôme, Mulder, Christian, van der Putten, Wim H., Rillig, Matthias C., Thakur, Madhav P., de Vries, Franciska T., Wardle, David A., Ammer, Christian, Ammer, Sabine, Arai, Miwa, Ayuke, Fredrick O., Baker, Geoff H., Baretta, Dilmar, Barkusky, Dietmar, Beauséjour, Robin, Bedano, Jose C., Birkhofer, Klaus, Blanchart, Eric, Blossey, Bernd, Bolger, Thomas, Bradley, Robert L., Brossard, Michel, Burtis, James C., Capowiez, Yvan, Cavagnaro, Timothy R., Choi, Amy, Clause, Julia, Cluzeau, Daniel, Coors, Anja, Crotty, Felicity V., Crumsey, Jasmine M., Dávalos, Andrea, Cosín, Darío J. Díaz, Dobson, Annise M., Domínguez, Anahí, Duhour, Andrés Esteban, van Eekeren, Nick, Emmerling, Christoph, Falco, Liliana B., Fernández, Rosa, Fonte, Steven J., Fragoso, Carlos, Franco, André L. C., Fusilero, Abegail, Geraskina, Anna P., Gholami, Shaieste, González, Grizelle, Gundale, Michael J., López, Mónica Gutiérrez, Hackenberger, Branimir K., Hackenberger, Davorka K., Hernández, Luis M., Hirth, Jeff R., Hishi, Takuo, Holdsworth, Andrew R., Holmstrup, Martin, Hopfensperger, Kristine N., Lwanga, Esperanza Huerta, Huhta, Veikko, Hurisso, Tunsisa T., Iannone III, Basil V., Iordache, Madalina, Irmler, Ulrich, Ivask, Mari, Jesús, Juan B., Johnson-Maynard, Jodi L., Joschko, Monika, Kaneko, Nobuhiro, Kanianska, Radoslava, Keith, Aidan M., Kernecker, Maria L., Koné, Armand W., Kooch, Yahya, Kukkonen, Sanna T., Lalthanzara, H., Lammel, Daniel R., Lebedev, Iurii M., Le Cadre, Edith, Lincoln, Noa K., López-Hernández, Danilo, Loss, Scott R., Marichal, Raphael, Matula, Radim, Minamiya, Yukio, Moos, Jan Hendrik, Moreno, Gerardo, Morón-Ríos, Alejandro, Motohiro, Hasegawa, Muys, Bart, Neirynck, Johan, Norgrove, Lindsey, Novo, Marta, Nuutinen, Visa, Nuzzo, Victoria, Mujeeb Rahman, P., Pansu, Johan, Paudel, Shishir, Pérès, Guénola, Pérez-Camacho, Lorenzo, Ponge, Jean-François, Prietzel, Jörg, Rapoport, Irina B., Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz, Rebollo, Salvador, Rodríguez, Miguel Á., Roth, Alexander M., Rousseau, Guillaume X., Rozen, Anna, Sayad, Ehsan, van Schaik, Loes, Scharenbroch, Bryant, Schirrmann, Michael, Schmidt, Olaf, Schröder, Boris, Seeber, Julia, Shashkov, Maxim P., Singh, Jaswinder, Smith, Sandy M., Steinwandter, Michael, Szlavecz, Katalin, Talavera, José Antonio, Trigo, Dolores, Tsukamoto, Jiro, Uribe-López, Sheila, de Valença, Anne W., Virto, Iñigo, Wackett, Adrian A., Warren, Matthew W., Webster, Emily R., Wehr, Nathaniel H., Whalen, Joann K., Wironen, Michael B., Wolters, Volkmar, Wu, Pengfei, Zenkova, Irina V., Zhang, Weixin, Cameron, Erin K., Eisenhauer, Nico, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig University, Saint Mary's University [Halifax], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University of Canberra, Universidade de Vigo, Embrapa Forestry, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Department of Biometry and Environmental System Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Catania [Italy], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Asian School of the Environment (ASE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), University of Nairobi (UoN), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), National University of Río Cuarto = Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Brandenburg University of Technology [Cottbus – Senftenberg] (BTU), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Cornell University [New York], University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Adelaide, University of Toronto, Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Aberystwyth University, Royal Agricultural University (RAU), University of Georgia [USA], State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution [Madrid], Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Yale University [New Haven], Universidad Nacional de Luján [Buenos Aires], Louis Bolk Institute (LBI), Trier University, Animal Biodiversity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (IBE), Department of Soil and Crop Sciences [Fort Collins], Biodiversity and Systematic Network, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Department of Biology [Fort Collins], Department of Biological Science and Environmental Studies, University of the Philippines - Mindanao, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering - Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity (RAS), Razi University of Kermanshah, USDA Forest Service, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Agriculture engineering, Agroecology Postgraduate Program, Maranhão State University, Agriculture Victoria (AgriBio), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Department of Bioscience [Aarhus], Northern Kentucky University, Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, EI Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT)-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Soil Physics and Land Management Group, University of Jyväskylä (JYU), College of Agriculture, Environmental and Human Sciences, Lincoln University of Missouri, School of Forest Resources and Conservation [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS|FFGS), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine (USAMVBT), Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), University of Idaho [Moscow, USA], Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Matej Bel University (UMB), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences [Tarbiat], Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Department of Zoology, Pachhunga University College, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology [Moscow] (Skoltech), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater] (OSU), Agrosystèmes Biodiversifiés (UMR ABSys), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), Tochigi Prefectural Museum, Thuenen-Institute of Biodiversity, Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, University of Extremadura, INDEHESA, Forestry School, Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Doshisha University [Kyoto], Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven-Heverlee], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH), Natural Area Consultants, Department of Zoology, PSMO College, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research (CSIRO-MAR), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens (PHIPPS), Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Forest Ecology and Restoration Group, Department of Life Sciences, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Geobotany, Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories, Russian Academy of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, Global Change Ecology and Evolution Research Groupp (GloCEE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation, Federal University of Maranhão, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin, The Morton Arboretum, Department Engineering for Crop Production, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD School of Geography, UCD Earth Institute, University College, Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Institute of Geoecology, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Institute for Alpine Environment, European Academy of Bozen-Bolzano (EURAC), Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, RAS, Institute of Mathematical Problems in Biology (IMPB RAS), Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Khalsa College Amritsar, Morton K. Blaustein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Kochi University, Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Nanotechnology Engineering, Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de Méndez, Food & Agriculture, WWF-Netherlands, Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Earth Innovation Institute, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaii, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Natural resource sciences, The Nature Conservancy, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Southwest Minzu University [Chengdu], Institute of Industrial Ecology Problems of the North of the Kola Science Center of RAS, Henan Agricultural University, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, H.R.P.P., B.K-R., and the sWorm workshops were supported by the sDiv [Synthesis Centre of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (DFG FZT 118)]. H.R.P.P., O.F. and N.E. acknowledge funding by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 677232 to NE). K.S.R. and W.H.v.d.P. were supported by ERC-ADV grant 323020 to W.H.v.d.P. Also supported by iDiv (DFG FZT118) Flexpool proposal 34600850 (C.A.G. and N.E.), the Academy of Finland (285882) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (postdoctoral fellowship and RGPIN-2019-05758) (E.K.C.), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01LO0901A) (D.J.R.), ERC-AdG 694368 (M.R.), the TULIP Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-41) (M.L), and the BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship to F.T.d.V. (BB/L02456X/1). In addition, data collection was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (12-04-01538-a, 12-04-01734-a, 14-44-03666-r_center_a, 15-29-02724-ofi_m, 16-04-01878-a 19-05-00245, 19-04-00-609-a), Tarbiat Modares University, Aurora Organic Dairy, UGC(NERO) (F. 1-6/Acctt./NERO/2007-08/1485), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (RGPIN-2017-05391), Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV-0098-12), Science for Global Development through Wageningen University, Norman Borlaug LEAP Programme and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Sao Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP (12/22510-8), Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, INIA - Spanish Agency (SUM 2006-00012-00-0), Royal Canadian Geographical Society, Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland) (2005-S-LS-8), University of Hawai'i at Manoa (HAW01127H, HAW01123M), European Union FP7 (FunDivEurope, 265171, ROUTES 265156), U.S. Department of the Navy, Commander Pacific Fleet (W9126G-13-2-0047), Science and Engineering Research Board (SB/SO/AS-030/2013) Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India, Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) of the U.S. Department of Defense (RC-1542), Maranhao State Research Foundation (FAPEMA 03135/13, 02471/17), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES 3281/2013), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LTT17033), Colorado Wheat Research Foundation, Zone Atelier Alpes, French National Research Agency (ANR-11-BSV7-0020, ANR-09-STRA-0002, ANR 06 BIODIV 0009), Austrian Science Fund (P16027, T441), Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank Frankfurt am Main, Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (Project Ref. A AAB 62 03 qA731606), SEPAQ, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland, Science Foundation Ireland (EEB0061), University of Toronto (Faculty of Forestry), National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Haliburton Forest & Wildlife Reserve, NKU College of Arts & Sciences Grant, osterreichische Forschungsforderungsgesellschaft (837393 and 837426), Mountain Agriculture Research Unit of the University of Innsbruck, Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala, UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT Project on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland, Complutense University of Madrid/European Union FP7 project BioBio (FPU UCM 613520), GRDC, AWI, LWRRDC, DRDC, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council) and FONCyT (National Agency of Scientific and Technological Promotion) (PICT, PAE, PIP), Universidad Nacional de Lujan y FONCyT (PICT 2293 (2006)), Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies du Quebec (131894), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHR1000/3-1, SCHR1000/6-1, 6-2 (FOR 1598), WO 670/7-1, WO 670/7-2, & SCHA 1719/1-2), CONACYT (FONDOS MIXTOS TABASCO/PROYECTO11316), NSF (DGE-0549245, DGE-0549245, DEB-BE-0909452, NSF1241932, LTER Program DEB-97-14835), Institute for Environmental Science and Policy at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Dean's Scholar Program at UIC, Garden Club of America Zone VI Fellowship in Urban Forestry from the Casey Tree Endowment Fund, J.E. Weaver Competitive Grant from the Nebraska Chapter of The Nature Conservancy, The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at Depaul University, Elmore Hadley Award for Research in Ecology and Evolution from the UIC Dept. of Biological Sciences, Spanish CICYT (AMB96-1161, REN2000-0783/GLO, REN2003-05553/GLO, REN2003-03989/GLO, CGL2007-60661/BOS), Yokohama National University, MEXT KAKENHI (25220104), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (25281053, 17KT0074, 25252026), ADEME (0775C0035), Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (CGL2017-86926-P), Syngenta Philippines, UPSTREAM, LTSER (Val Mazia/Matschertal), Marie Sklodowska Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship (747607), National Science & Technology Base Resource Survey Project of China (2018FY100306), McKnight Foundation (14-168), Program of Fundamental Researches of Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences (AAAA-A18-118021490070-5), Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 310690/2017-0, 404191/2019-3, 307486/2013-3), French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, Bavarian Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry (Project No B62), INRA AIDY project, MIUR PRIN 2008, Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, Estonian Science Foundation, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Canada, Russian Science Foundation (16-17-10284), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41371270), Australian Research Council (FT120100463), USDA Forest Service-IITF. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL., ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), ANR-11-BSV7-0020,METABAR,Metacode-barre ADN pour une nouvelle génération de suivi de la biodiversité(2011), ANR-09-STRA-0002,FORGECO,Du diagnostic à l'action: créer les conditions d'une gestion integrée et viable des écosystèmes forestiers sur les territoires(2009), ANR-06-BDIV-0009,AMAZ_BD,Biodiversité des paysages amazoniens. Déterminants socio-économiques et productio de biens et services écosystèmiques(2006), European Project: 677232,H2020,ERC-2015-STG,ECOWORM(2016), European Project: 323020,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-ADG_20120314,SPECIALS(2013), European Project: 265171,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2010,FUNDIVEUROPE(2010), European Project: 265156,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2010,ROUTES(2011), European Project: ERC-2015-AdG 694368, European Project: 227161,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2008-2B,BIOBIO(2009), Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Natural Resources & The Environment [CALS], College of Agriculture and Life Sciences [Cornell University] (CALS), Cornell University [New York]-Cornell University [New York], Department of Entomology [CALS], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Kyushu University, Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. ISFOOD - Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Ciencias, Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Zientziak Saila, Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative and School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University, Universidade Positivo, Senckenberg Museum for Natural History Görlitz, Department of Soil Zoology, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, Department of Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture (RICA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), UCD School of Biology & Environmental Science, UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aberystwyth University, Odum School of Ecology, Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Cortland, Yale School Forestry & Environment Studies, Ciencias Básicas, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable -INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Tarbiat Modaras University, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Oklahoma State University [Stillwater], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Animal Biology (Zoology area), Science Faculty, University of La Laguna, University of California, Justus-Liebig-University [Gießen, Germany], University of Helsinki, HELEN R. P. PHILLIPS, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, ERIN K. CAMERON, Saint Mary’s University, NICO EISENHAUER, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig University., Wageningen University, JOSÉ ANTONIO TALAVERA, University of La Laguna, DOLORES TRIGO, University Complutense of Madrid, JIRO TSUKAMOTO, Kochi University, SHEILA URIBE-LÓPEZ, Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco, ANNE W. DE VALENÇA, Unit Food & Agriculture, WWF-Netherlands, IÑIGO VIRTO, Universidad Pública de Navarra, ADRIAN A. WACKETT, University of Minnesota, MATTHEW W. WARREN, Earth Innovation Institute, WEIXIN ZHANG, Henan University, DANIEL CLUZEAU, Université de Rennes, ANJA COORS, ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, FELICITY V. CROTTY, Aberystwyth Universtiy, Royal Agricultural University, JASMINE M. CRUMSEY, University of Georgia, Saint Marys University, ELIZABETH M. BACH, Colorado State University, MARIE L. C. BARTZ, Universidade Positivo, University of Coimbra, JOANNE M. BENNETT, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, RÉMY BEUGNON, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, MARIA J. I. BRIONES, Universidad de Vigo, GEORGE GARDNER BROWN, CNPF, OLGA FERLIAN, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, KONSTANTIN B. GONGALSKY, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, CARLOS A. GUERRA, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, BIRGITTA KÖNIG-RIES, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Friedrich Schiller University, JULIA J. KREBS, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, ALBERTO ORGIAZZI, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, KELLY S. RAMIREZ, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, DAVID J. RUSSELL, Senckenberg Museum for Natural History Görlitz, BENJAMIN SCHWARZ, University of Freiburg, DIANA H. WALL, Colorado State University, ULRICH BROSE, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, THIBAUD DECAËNS, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier, PATRICK LAVELLE, Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement, MICHEL LOREAU, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, JÉRÔME MATHIEU, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris, CHRISTIAN MULDER, University of Catania, WIM H. VAN DER PUTTEN, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, MATTHIAS C. RILLIG, Freie Universität Berlin, MADHAV P. THAKUR, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, FRANCISKA T. DE VRIES, University of Amsterdam, DAVID A. WARDLE, Nanyang Technological University, CHRISTIAN AMMER, University of Göttingen, SABINE AMMER, University of Göttingen, MIWA ARAI, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, FREDRICK O. AYUKE, University of Nairobi, Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture, GEOFF H. BAKER, Health & Biosecurity, DILMAR BARETTA, Santa Catarina State University, DIETMAR BARKUSKY, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, ROBIN BEAUSÉJOUR, Université de Sherbrooke, JOSE C. BEDANO, National University of Rio Cuarto, KLAUS BIRKHOFER, Brandenburg University of Technology, ERIC BLANCHART, Institut Agro, BERND BLOSSEY, Cornell University, THOMAS BOLGER, University College Dublin, ROBERT L. BRADLEY, Université de Sherbrooke, MICHEL BROSSARD, Institut Agro, JAMES C. BURTIS, Cornell University, YVAN CAPOWIEZ, Site Agroparc, TIMOTHY R. CAVAGNARO, The University of Adelaide, AMY CHOI, University of Toronto, JULIA CLAUSE, Université de Poitiers, ANDREA DÁVALOS, SUNY Cortland, DARÍO J. DÍAZ COSÍN, University Complutense of Madrid, ANNISE M. DOBSON, Yale University, ANAHÍ DOMÍNGUEZ, National University of Rio Cuarto, ANDRÉS ESTEBAN DUHOUR, Universidad Nacional de Luján, NICK VAN EEKEREN, Louis Bolk Institute, CHRISTOPH EMMERLING, University of Trier, LILIANA B. FALCO, Universidad Nacional de Luján, ROSA FERNÁNDEZ, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, STEVEN J. FONTE, Colorado State University, CARLOS FRAGOSO, Institute of Ecology A.C., ANDRÉ L. C. FRANCO, Colorado State University, ABEGAIL FUSILERO, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Ghent University, ANNA P. GERASKINA, Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity RAS, SHAIESTE GHOLAMI, Razi University, GRIZELLE GONZÁLEZ, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, MICHAEL J. GUNDALE, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, MÓNICA GUTIÉRREZ LÓPEZ, University Complutense of Madrid, BRANIMIR K. HACKENBERGER, University of Osijek, DAVORKA K. HACKENBERGER, University of Osijek, LUIS M. HERNÁNDEZ, Maranhão State University, JEFF R. HIRTH, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Agriculture Victoria, TAKUO HISHI, Kyushu University, ANDREW R. HOLDSWORTH, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, MARTIN HOLMSTRUP, Aarhus University, KRISTINE N. HOPFENSPERGER, Northern Kentucky University, ESPERANZA HUERTA LWANGA, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Wageningen University & Research, VEIKKO HUHTA, University of Jyväskylä, TUNSISA T. HURISSO, Colorado State University, Lincoln University of Missouri, BASIL V. IANNONE III, University of Florida, MADALINA IORDACHE, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Banat 'King Michael the 1st of Romania', ULRICH IRMLER, University of Kiel, MARI IVASK, Tallinn University of Technology, JUAN B. JESÚS, University Complutense of Madrid, JODI L. JOHNSON-MAYNARD, University of Idaho, MONIKA JOSCHKO, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, NOBUHIRO KANEKO, Fukushima University, RADOSLAVA KANIANSKA, Matej Bel University, AIDAN M. KEITH, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, MARIA L. KERNECKER, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, ARMAND W. KONÉ, Université Nangui Abrogoua, YAHYA KOOCH, Tarbiat Modares University, SANNA T. KUKKONEN, Natural Resources Institute Finland, H. LALTHANZARA, Pachhunga University College, DANIEL R. LAMMEL, Freie Universität Berlin, IURII M. LEBEDEV, Russian Academy of Sciences, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, EDITH LE CADRE, Institut Agro, NOA K. LINCOLN, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, DANILO LÓPEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, Universidad Central de Venezuela, SCOTT R. LOSS, Oklahoma State University, RAPHAEL MARICHAL, Univ Montpellier, RADIM MATULA, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, YUKIO MINAMIYA, Tochigi Prefectural Museum, JAN HENDRIK MOOS, Thuenen-Institute of Biodiversity, GERARDO MORENO, University of Extremadura, ALEJANDRO MORÓN-RÍOS, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, HASEGAWA MOTOHIRO, Doshisha University, BART MUYS, Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, JOHAN NEIRYNCK, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, LINDSEY NORGROVE, Bern University of Applied Sciences, MARTA NOVO, University Complutense of Madrid, VISA NUUTINEN, Natural Resources Institute Finland, VICTORIA NUZZO, Natural Area Consultants, P. MUJEEB RAHMAN, PSMO College, JOHAN PANSU, CSIRO Ocean and Atmosphere, Sorbonne Université, SHISHIR PAUDEL, Oklahoma State University, Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens, GUÉNOLA PÉRÈS, CNRS-Université de Rennes, Institut Agro, LORENZO PÉREZ CAMACHO, University of Alcalá, JEAN-FRANÇOIS PONGE, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, JÖRG PRIETZEL, Technical University of Munich, IRINA B. RAPOPORT, Russian Academy of Sciences, MUHAMMAD IMTIAZ RASHID, King Abdulaziz University, SALVADOR REBOLLO, University of Alcalá, MIGUEL Á. RODRÍGUEZ, University of Alcalá, ALEXANDER M. ROTH, University of Minnesot, Friends of the Mississippi River, GUILLAUME X. ROUSSEAU, Maranhão State University, Federal University of Maranhão, ANNA ROZEN, University of Wisconsin, EHSAN SAYAD, Razi University, LOES VAN SCHAIK, Wageningen University & Research, BRYANT SCHARENBROCH, University of Wisconsin, MICHAEL SCHIRRMANN, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, OLAF SCHMIDT, University College Dublin, Agriculture and Food Science Centre, BORIS SCHRÖDER, Technische Universität Braunschweig, JULIA SEEBER, University of Innsbruck, MAXIM P. SHASHKOV, Russian Academy of Sciences, JASWINDER SINGH, Khalsa College Amritsar, SANDY M. SMITH, University of Toronto, MICHAEL STEINWANDTER, Institute for Alpine Environment, KATALIN SZLAVECZ, Johns Hopkins University, EMILY R. WEBSTER, University of California, NATHANIEL H. WEHR, University of Hawaii, JOANN K. WHALEN, Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, MICHAEL B. WIRONEN, The Nature Conservancy, VOLKMAR WOLTERS, Animal Ecology, Justus Liebig University, PENGFEI WU, Southwest Minzu University, IRINA V. ZENKOVA, Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), and Technical University of Munich (TUM)
Subjects: Data Descriptor, Distribuição Geográfica, Plan_S-Compliant-OA, Soil, Biomass, biodiversity, Diversity, Ecology, Biodiversidade, Biodiversity, eliöyhteisöt, maaperäeliöstö, PE&RC, Computer Science Applications, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Biogeography, international, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, Ecosystem engineers, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, lierot, Science, Invertebrados, Library and Information Sciences, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Ecology and Environment, Education, eliömaantiede, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Minhoca, Serviço ambiental, BIODIVERSITY CHANGE, Life Science, Ecosystem services, Earthworms, Datasets, Animals, Spatial distribution, Community ecology, Oligochaeta, Laboratorium voor Nematologie, Ecosystem, 1172 Environmental sciences, biogeography, Science & Technology, LAND-USE, Biology and Life Sciences, PLATFORM, Bodemfysica en Landbeheer, Ecología, Ecossistema, biodiversiteetti, Soil Physics and Land Management, Solo, Biologia do Solo, maaperäeläimistö, 570 Life sciences, biology, eartworm, abundance, biomass, diversity, Laboratory of Nematology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, COMMUNITIES, community ecology
Abstract: Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change., Measurement(s) earthworm communities • Abundance • organic material • Diversity • environmental properties Technology Type(s) digital curation Factor Type(s) location Sample Characteristic - Organism Lumbricina Sample Characteristic - Environment soil Sample Characteristic - Location global Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13399118
Published: 2021

23. Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties

Author: Phillips, Helen, R. P., Bach, Elizabeth M., Bartz, Marie L. C., Bennett, Joanne, Beugnon, Rémy, Briones, Maria J. I., Brown, George, Ferlian, Olga, Gongalsky, Konstantin B., Guerra, Carlos A., König-Ries, Birgitta, Holdsworth, Andrew R., Coors, Anja, Crotty, Felicity V., Crumsey, Jasmine M., Dávalos, Andrea, Diaz Cosin, Darío J., Loss, Scott R., Dobson, Annise M., Dominguez, Anahí, Esteban Duhour, Andrés, Schirrmann, Michael, Eekeren, Nick van, Holmstrup, Martin, Emmerling, Christoph, Falco, Liliana B., Fernández, Rosa, Fonte, Steven J., Fragoso, Carlos, Franco, André L. C., Marichal, Raphael, Fusilero, Abegail T., Moreno, Gerardo, Geraskina, Anna P., Gholami, Shaieste, Hopfensperger, Kristine N., González, Grizelle, Gundale, Michael J., Gutiérrez López, Mónica, Hackenberger, Branimir K., Hackenberger, Davorka K., Hernández, Luis M., Hirth, Jeff R., Morón-Ríos, Alejandro, Huerta Lwanga, Esperanza, Huhta, Veikko, Hurisso, Tunsisa T., Iannone III, Basil V., Iordache, Madalina, Ramirez, Kelly S., Irmler, Ulrich, Minamiya, Yukio, Ivask, Mari, Jesus Lidon, Juan B., Motohiro, Hasegawa, Johnson-Maynard, Jodi L., Joschko, Monika, Kaneko, Nobuhiro, Kanianska, Radoslava, Keith, Aidan M., Kernecker, Maria L., Scharenbroch, Bryant C., Koné, Armand W., Kooch, Yahya, Hendrik Moos, Jan, Muys, Bart, Kukkonen, Sanna T., Lalthanzara, H., Lammel, Daniel R., Lebedev, Iurii M., Le Cadre, Edith, Lincoln, Noa K., López-Hernández, Danilo, Neirynck, Johan, Krebs, Julia, Norgrove, Lindsey, Novo, Marta, Nuutinen, Visa, Choi, Amy, Nuzzo, Victoria, Schmidt, Olaf, Rahman, P. Mujeeb, Pansu, Johan, Paudel, Shishir, Pérès, Guénola, Pérez-Camacho, Lorenzo, Ponge, Jean-François, Orgiazzi, Alberto, Prietzel, Jörg, Wall, Diana H., Rapoport, Irina B., Imtiaz Rashid, Muhammad, Schröder, Boris, Rebollo, Salvador, Rodríguez, Miguel Á., Roth, Alexander M., Rousseau, Guillaume X., Rozen, Anna, Sayad, Ehsan, Schaik, Loes van, Brose, Ulrich, Seeber, Julia, Shashkov, Maxim P., Singh, Jaswinder, Smith, Sandy M., Steinwandter, Michael, Capowiez, Yvan, Szlavecz, Katalin, Russell, David, Talavera, José A., Trigo, Dolores, Decaëns, Thibaud, Tsukamoto, Jiro, Uribe-López, Sheila, Valença, Anne W. de, Virto, Iñigo, Wackett, Adrian A., Warren, Matthew W., Cavagnaro, Timothy R., Webster, Emily R., Wehr, Nathaniel H., Schwarz, Benjamin, Lavelle, Patrick, Wironen, Michael B., Wolters, Volkmar, Wu, Pengfei, Zenkova, Irina V. Z., Zhang, Weixin, Cameron, Erin K., Eisenhauer, Nico, Loreau, Michel, Mathieu, Jérôme, Mulder, Christian, Putten, Wim H. van der, Rillig, Matthias C., Matula, Radim, Thakur, Madhav P., Clause, Julia, Vries, Franciska T. de, Wardle, David A., Ammer, Sabine, Arai, Miwa, Ayuke, Fredrick O., Baker, Geoff H., Baretta, Dilmar, Barkusky, Dietmar, Hishi, Takuo, Beauséjour, Robin, Bedano, José C., Cluzeau, Daniel, Birkhofer, Klaus, Blanchart, Eric, Blossey, Bernd, Bolger, Thomas, Bradley, Robert L., Brossard, Michel, Burtis, James C., German Research Foundation, European Commission, Academy of Finland, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), European Research Council, Labex TULIP, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Tarbiat Modares University, Aurora Organic Dairy, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Wageningen University and Research Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Oklahoma State University, CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Royal Canadian Geographical Society, Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland), University of Hawaii at Manoa, U.S. Navy, Department of Science and Technology (India), Department of Defense (US), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Colorado Wheat Research Foundation, Zone Atelier Alpes, Austrian Science Fund, Rentenbank, Welsh Government, European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Science Foundation Ireland, University of Toronto, Haliburton Forest & Wildlife Reserve, Arts and Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, University of Innsbruck, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Argentina), Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Fonds de Recherche du Québec, Institute for Environmental Science and Policy, University of Illinois, Casey Tree, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT (España), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, McKnight Foundation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), Bavarian Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, Estonian Science Foundation, Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks (Ontario), National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Australian Research Council
Abstract: Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change., H.R.P.P., B.K-R., and the sWorm workshops were supported by the sDiv [Synthesis Centre of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (DFG FZT 118)]. H.R.P.P., O.F. and N.E. acknowledge funding by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 677232 to NE). K.S.R. and W.H.v.d.P. were supported by ERC-ADV grant 323020 to W.H.v.d.P. Also supported by iDiv (DFG FZT118) Flexpool proposal 34600850 (C.A.G. and N.E.); the Academy of Finland (285882) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (postdoctoral fellowship and RGPIN-2019-05758) (E.K.C.); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01LO0901A) (D.J.R.); ERC-AdG 694368 (M.R.); the TULIP Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-41) (M.L); and the BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship to F.T.d.V. (BB/L02456X/1). In addition, data collection was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (12-04-01538-а, 12-04-01734-a, 14-44-03666-r_center_a, 15-29-02724-ofi_m, 16-04-01878-a 19-05-00245, 19-04-00-609-a); Tarbiat Modares University; Aurora Organic Dairy; UGC(NERO) (F. 1-6/Acctt./NERO/2007-08/1485); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (RGPIN-2017-05391); Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV-0098-12); Science for Global Development through Wageningen University; Norman Borlaug LEAP Programme and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP (12/22510-8); Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; INIA - Spanish Agency (SUM 2006-00012-00-0); Royal Canadian Geographical Society; Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland) (2005-S-LS-8); University of Hawai’i at Mānoa (HAW01127H; HAW01123M); European Union FP7 (FunDivEurope, 265171; ROUTES 265156); U.S. Department of the Navy, Commander Pacific Fleet (W9126G-13-2-0047); Science and Engineering Research Board (SB/SO/AS-030/2013) Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) of the U.S. Department of Defense (RC-1542); Maranhão State Research Foundation (FAPEMA 03135/13, 02471/17); Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES 3281/2013); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LTT17033); Colorado Wheat Research Foundation; Zone Atelier Alpes, French National Research Agency (ANR-11-BSV7-020-01, ANR-09-STRA-02-01, ANR 06 BIODIV 009-01); Austrian Science Fund (P16027, T441); Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank Frankfurt am Main; Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (Project Ref. A AAB 62 03 qA731606); SÉPAQ, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland; Science Foundation Ireland (EEB0061); University of Toronto (Faculty of Forestry); National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Haliburton Forest & Wildlife Reserve; NKU College of Arts & Sciences Grant; Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft (837393 and 837426); Mountain Agriculture Research Unit of the University of Innsbruck; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan; Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala; UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT Project on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland; Complutense University of Madrid/European Union FP7 project BioBio (FPU UCM 613520); GRDC; AWI; LWRRDC; DRDC; CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council) and FONCyT (National Agency of Scientific and Technological Promotion) (PICT, PAE, PIP), Universidad Nacional de Luján y FONCyT (PICT 2293 (2006)); Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies du Québec (131894); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHR1000/3-1, SCHR1000/6-1, 6-2 (FOR 1598), WO 670/7-1, WO 670/7-2, & SCHA 1719/1-2), CONACYT (FONDOS MIXTOS TABASCO/PROYECTO11316); NSF (DGE-0549245, DGE-0549245, DEB-BE-0909452, NSF1241932, LTER Program DEB-97–14835); Institute for Environmental Science and Policy at the University of Illinois at Chicago; Dean’s Scholar Program at UIC; Garden Club of America Zone VI Fellowship in Urban Forestry from the Casey Tree Endowment Fund; J.E. Weaver Competitive Grant from the Nebraska Chapter of The Nature Conservancy; The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at Depaul University; Elmore Hadley Award for Research in Ecology and Evolution from the UIC Dept. of Biological Sciences, Spanish CICYT (AMB96-1161; REN2000-0783/GLO; REN2003-05553/GLO; REN2003-03989/GLO; CGL2007-60661/BOS); Yokohama National University; MEXT KAKENHI (25220104); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (25281053, 17KT0074, 25252026); ADEME (0775C0035); Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (CGL2017-86926-P); Syngenta Philippines; UPSTREAM; LTSER (Val Mazia/Matschertal); Marie Sklodowska Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship (747607); National Science & Technology Base Resource Survey Project of China (2018FY100306); McKnight Foundation (14–168); Program of Fundamental Researches of Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences (AААА-A18–118021490070–5); Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 310690/2017–0, 404191/2019–3, 307486/2013–3); French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs; Bavarian Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry (Project No B62); INRA AIDY project; MIUR PRIN 2008; Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station; Estonian Science Foundation; Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Canada; Russian Science Foundation (16-17-10284); National Natural Science Foundation of China (41371270); Australian Research Council (FT120100463); USDA Forest Service-IITF.
Published: 2021

24. Quantifying the effects of species traits on predation risk in nature a comparative study of butterfly wing damage

Author: Toomas Tammaru, Robert B. Davis, Melissa R. L. Whitaker, Niklas Wahlberg, Juhan Javoiš, Ullasa Kodandaramaiah, James R. Carey, Erki Õunap, Freerk Molleman, Kwaku Aduse-Poku, Ants Kaasik, Andreas Prinzing, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune (IISER Pune), University of Tartu, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Harvard University [Cambridge], Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Lund University [Lund], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of California, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Grant Number: ATIP, Bixby International Travel Grant, Région Bretagne, European Regional Development Fund, Estonian Science Foundation. Grant Numbers: 9215, IUT20‐33, National Institute on Aging. Grant Numbers: PO1 AG022500‐01, PO1 AG608761‐10, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. Grant Numbers: DST/I, NSPIRE/04/2013/000476, Harvard University, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of California (UC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Male, sex differences, Species complex, Zoology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, defensive ecology, Predation, flight speed, symmetrical damage, Animals, Wings, Animal, Predator, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Wing, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, activity, Flight speed, restricted maximum likelihood, 15. Life on land, crypsis, ageing, Predatory Behavior, Crypsis, Butterfly, Animal Science and Zoology, Evolutionary ecology, Female, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Butterflies, Locomotion
Abstract: International audience; Evading predators is a fundamental aspect of the ecology and evolution of all prey animals. In studying the influence of prey traits on predation risk, previous researchers have shown that crypsis reduces attack rates on resting prey, predation risk increases with increased prey activity, and rapid locomotion reduces attack rates and increases chances of surviving predator attacks. However, evidence for these conclusions is nearly always based on observations of selected species under artificial conditions. In nature, it remains unclear how defensive traits such as crypsis, activity levels, and speed influence realized predation risk across species in a community. Whereas direct observations of predator-prey interactions in nature are rare, insight can be gained by quantifying bodily damage caused by failed predator attacks. 2). We quantified how butterfly species traits affect predation risk in nature by determining how defensive traits correlate with wing damage caused by failed predation attempts, thereby providing the first robust multi-species comparative analysis of predator-induced bodily damage in wild animals. 3). For 34 species of fruit-feeding butterflies in an African forest, we recorded wing damage and quantified crypsis, activity levels, and flight speed. We then tested for correlations between damage parameters and species traits using comparative methods that account for measurement error. 4). We detected considerable differences in the extent, location, and symmetry of wing surface loss among species, with smaller differences between sexes. We found that males (but not females) of species that flew faster had substantially less wing surface loss. However, we found no correlation between cryptic colouration and symmetrical wing surface loss across species. In species in which males appeared to be more active than females, males had a lower proportion of symmetrical wing surface loss than females. 5). Our results provide evidence that activity greatly influences the probability of attacks and that flying rapidly is effective for escaping pursuing predators in the wild, but we did not find evidence that cryptic species are less likely to be attacked while at rest.
Published: 2020

25. Large body size constrains dispersal assembly of communities even across short distances

Author: Bailey, Richard I., Molleman, Freerk, Vasseur, Chloe, Woas, Steffen, Prinzing, Andreas, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune (IISER Pune), Region Bretagne, Estonian Science Foundation [9215, IUT20-33], European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence FIBIR), Region Bretagne (ACOMB), Region Bretagne (SAD), CNRS (ATIP grant), Government of India (INSPIRE Faculty Award) [DST/INSPIRE/04/2013/000476], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mites, Population Dynamics, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, Article, Trees, Species Specificity, Animals, Body Size, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, lcsh:Science, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Dispersal limitation has been considered to decrease with body size in animals and to be an important factor limiting community assembly on spatially isolated patches. Here we hypothesize that for flightless bark-dwelling oribatid mites dispersal limitation onto young trees might increase with body size (due to a decrease in aerial dispersal capacities), and it might occur even within a spatially contiguous forest canopy. We suppressed dispersal limitation towards branches from young trees by physically connecting them to branches from old trees and analyzed the impacts on community composition, accounting for branch microhabitat variables. Suppression of dispersal limitation increased community evenness and mean body size of mites on branches from young trees. Across all species, large species body-size corresponds to an abundance increase after suppression of dispersal limitation. Consistently, on no-contact control branches, mite body-sizes were larger on branches from old compared to young trees. Our study suggests that colonization/performance trade-offs might affect community assembly even across seemingly contiguous habitats. Overall, a previously underappreciated factor selecting against large body size in flightless canopy-dwelling invertebrates might be that large bodies makes these invertebrates fall faster and disperse less, not more.
Published: 2018

26. Constructive effects of diversity in a multi-neuron model of the homeostatic regulation of the sleep–wake cycle

Author: Emilio Hernández-García, Raúl Toral, Marco Patriarca, Ministry of Education and Research (Estonia), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), and Estonian Science Foundation
Subjects: Complex systems, Computer science, General Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, Complex system, Neuronal dynamics, General Physics and Astronomy, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, Biological neuron model, Network topology, Wake–sleep cycle, Constructive, Orexin, nervous system, Diversity-induced resonance, General level, Circadian rhythm, Emergent phenomenon, Set (psychology), Neuroscience
Abstract: As an instance of diversity-induced resonance and of the constructive role of heterogeneity in complex systems, here we study a generalized version of a physiologically-motivated sleep-wake cycle model taking into account the role of orexin [Patriarca et al. (2012) [16]; Postnova et al. (2009) [9]]. With respect to the versions of the model studied previously, here we consider systems containing both a set of orexin neurons - responsible for the production of orexin - and a set of glutaminergic neurons - representing mental activity or sleep depending on their firing or silent state, respectively - within some basic network topologies. The neurons of one or both types are diversified and it is shown how the interplay between the heterogeneous constituent units produces as an emergent effect the recovering or improving of the sleep-wake cycle. At a general level, the results obtained suggest that also systems with a dynamics driven by a homeostatic mechanism, with a time scale much longer than that of the constituent excitable units, may present diversity-induced resonance., M.P. acknowledges support from the Estonian Science Foundation Grant no. 9462 and the Institutional Research Funding IUT (IUT39-1) of the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research. E.H-G. and R.T. acknowledge support from FEDER and MINECO (Spain) through the project INTENSE@COSYP (FIS2012-30634).
Published: 2015

27. Genes Interacting with Occupational Exposures to Low Molecular Weight Agents and Irritants on Adult-Onset Asthma in Three European Studies

Author: Rava, Marta, Ahmed, Ismaïl, Kogevinas, Manolis, Le Moual, Nicole, Bouzigon, Emmanuelle, Curjuric, Ivan, Dizier, Marie-Hélène, Dumas, Orianne, Gonzalez, Juan, Imboden, Medea, Mehta, Amar, Tubert-Bitter, Pascale, Zock, Jan-Paul, Jarvis, Deborah, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Demenais, Florence, Nadif, Rachel, Faraldo, Beatrice, Vieillissement et Maladies chroniques : approches épidémiologique et de santé publique (VIMA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Variabilité Génétique et Maladies Humaines, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidemiology & Public Health [Basel, Switzerland], Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel]-Medical School University of Basel, Department of Environmental Health [Boston, USA], Harvard School of Public Health, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group [London, U.K.], Imperial College London-National Heart and Lung Institute, U946, Fondation Jean Dausset/CEPH, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The genotyping of all three studies was funded by the French National Agency of Research (ANR-PRSP 2009: IAGO), and by the European Commission (contract n° 018996) (GABRIEL) and the Wellcome Trust grant (WT 084703MA), both awarded to the GABRIEL consortium (a multidisciplinary study to identify the genetic and environmental causes of asthma in the European Community). EGEA: Research funded by the French Agency of health safety, environment and work (AFSSET, EST-09-15). SAPALDIA: The Swiss National Science Foundation (grants no 33CS30-148470/1, 33CSCO-134276/1, 33CSCO-108796, 324730_135673, 3247BO-104283, 3247BO-104288, 3247BO-104284, 3247-065896, 3100-059302, 3200-052720, 3200-042532, 4026-028099, PMPDP3_129021/1, PMPDP3_141671/1), the Federal Office for the Environment, the Federal Office of Public Health, the Federal Office of Roads and Transport, the canton's government of Aargau, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Land, Geneva, Luzern, Ticino, Valais, and Zürich, the Swiss Lung League, the canton's Lung League of Basel Stadt/ Basel Landschaft, Geneva, Ticino, Valais, Graubünden and Zurich, Stiftung ehemals Bündner Heilstätten, SUVA, Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft, UBS Wealth Foundation, Talecris Biotherapeutics GmbH, Abbott Diagnostics.ECRHS: The co-ordination of ECRHS II was supported by the European Commission, as part of their Quality of Life program. This work was also funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH grant 1R01HL062633) and the Carlos III Health Institute of the Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumption (FIS grant 01/3058). The following bodies funded the local studies in ECRHS II included in this paper: Albacete: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Consejeria de Sanidad, Barcelona: SEPAR, Public Health Service (grant code: R01 HL62633-01), Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code:97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02) CIRIT (grant code: 1999SGR 00241) Red Respira ISCII, Basel: Swiss National Science Foundation, Swiss Federal Office for Education & Science, Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (SUVA), USC NIEHS Center grant 5P30 ES07048, Bergen: Norwegian Research Council, Norwegian Asthma & Allergy Association (NAAF), Glaxo Wellcome AS, Norway Research Fund, Erfurt: GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code FR 1526/1-1), Galdakao: Basque Health Dept, Grenoble: Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, Ministere de l'Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, CHU de Grenoble, Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l’Isere, Hamburg: GSF-National Reasearch Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code MA 711/4-1), Ipswich and Norwich: Asthma UK (formerly known as National Asthma Campaign), Huelva: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Oviedo: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Paris: Ministere de l'Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, UCB-Pharma (France), Aventis (France), Glaxo France, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble, Tartu: Estonian Science Foundation, Umeå: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation, and Uppsala: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation.
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:The biological mechanisms by which cleaning products and disinfectants-an emerging risk factor-affect respiratory health remain incompletely evaluated. Studying genes by environment interactions (G × E) may help identify new genes related to adult-onset asthma.OBJECTIVES:We identified interactions between genetic polymorphisms of a large set of genes involved in the response to oxidative stress and occupational exposures to low molecular weight (LMW) agents or irritants on adult-onset asthma.METHODS:Our data came from three large European cohorts: Epidemiological Family-based Study of the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA), Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Disease in Adults (SAPALDIA), and European Community Respiratory Health Survey in Adults (ECRHS). A candidate pathway-based strategy identified 163 genes involved in the response to oxidative stress and potentially related to exposures to LMW agents/irritants. Occupational exposures were evaluated using an asthma job-exposure matrix and job-specific questionnaires for cleaners and healthcare workers. Logistic regression models were used to detect G × E interactions, adjusted for age, sex, and population ancestry, in 2,599 adults (mean age, 47 years; 60% women, 36% exposed, 18% asthmatics). p-Values were corrected for multiple comparisons.RESULTS:Ever exposure to LMW agents/irritants was associated with current adult-onset asthma [OR = 1.28 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.58)]. Eight single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by exposure interactions at five loci were found at p < 0.005: PLA2G4A (rs932476, chromosome 1), near PLA2R1 (rs2667026, chromosome 2), near RELA (rs931127, rs7949980, chromosome 11), PRKD1 (rs1958980, rs11847351, rs1958987, chromosome 14), and PRKCA (rs6504453, chromosome 17). Results were consistent across the three studies and after accounting for smoking.CONCLUSIONS:Using a pathway-based selection process, we identified novel genes potentially involved in adult asthma by interaction with occupational exposure. These genes play a role in the NF-κB pathway, which is involved in inflammation. Citation: Rava M, Ahmed I, Kogevinas M, Le Moual N, Bouzigon E, Curjuric I, Dizier MH, Dumas O, Gonzalez JR, Imboden M, Mehta AJ, Tubert-Bitter P, Zock JP, Jarvis D, Probst-Hensch NM, Demenais F, Nadif R. 2017. Genes interacting with occupational exposures to low molecular weight agents and irritants on adult-onset asthma in three European studies. Environ Health Perspect 125:207-214; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP376.
Published: 2017

28. Importance of terms: What is a wealth deposit?

Author: Ester Oras, Estonian Science Foundation Grant (ETF ETF8956) ‘The Materiality of Religion — religious artifacts in Estonian archaeological collections’, and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence CECT)
Subjects: Value (ethics), Relation (database), wealth deposits, intentional artefact deposits, value, eastern Baltic, Iron Age, terminology, Estonian, language.human_language, Epistemology, Terminology, Term (time), Geography, Archaeology, language, Source material, Forensic engineering, Production (economics), lcsh:Archaeology, Research questions, lcsh:CC1-960
Abstract: This paper discusses the importance of the terminology used to describe deliberately concealed separate artefact deposits. It is based on material from the eastern Baltic (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) 1.–9. century AD. A general overview of the main material characteristics of the source material and relevant research questions is presented. The article then discusses previous traditionally deployed terms and concepts relating to this specific study material (hoards, votive deposits, selective and special deposits etc). The pros and cons of each one of the terms is discussed and the difficulties of employing these concepts in current research is emphasised. A new term, ‘wealth deposit’, is introduced and discussed in detail. This term is defined as one or more objects of value that are hidden deliberately as an intended deposition of specifically chosen artefacts into a specifically chosen place in a specific manner. I argue that this term—‘wealth deposit’—is more appropriate for analysing the development of and changes in depositional practices in time and space, because it does not limit the source material in relation to a deposit’s production materials, number of objects, environment of concealment and, more importantly, by preconditioned interpretations as to why the deposit was made in the first place. A case study of Estonian wealth deposits is provided to illustrate the usefulness of this new term.
Published: 2013

29. Genes Interacting with Occupational Exposures to Low Molecular Weight Agents and Irritants on Adult-Onset Asthma in Three European Studies

Author: Marie-Hélène Dizier, Rachel Nadif, Orianne Dumas, Amar J. Mehta, Ismaïl Ahmed, Jan-Paul Zock, Pascale Tubert-Bitter, Juan R. González, Medea Imboden, Emmanuelle Bouzigon, Ivan Curjuric, Deborah Jarvis, Florence Demenais, Marta Rava, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Nicole Le Moual, Manolis Kogevinas, Vieillissement et Maladies chroniques : approches épidémiologique et de santé publique (VIMA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Variabilité Génétique et Maladies Humaines, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidemiology & Public Health [Basel, Switzerland], Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel]-Medical School University of Basel, Department of Environmental Health [Boston, USA], Harvard School of Public Health, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group [London, U.K.], National Heart and Lung Institute-Imperial College London, U946, Fondation Jean Dausset/CEPH, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The genotyping of all three studies was funded by the French National Agency of Research (ANR-PRSP 2009: IAGO), and by the European Commission (contract n° 018996) (GABRIEL) and the Wellcome Trust grant (WT 084703MA), both awarded to the GABRIEL consortium (a multidisciplinary study to identify the genetic and environmental causes of asthma in the European Community). EGEA: Research funded by the French Agency of health safety, environment and work (AFSSET, EST-09-15). SAPALDIA: The Swiss National Science Foundation (grants no 33CS30-148470/1, 33CSCO-134276/1, 33CSCO-108796, 324730_135673, 3247BO-104283, 3247BO-104288, 3247BO-104284, 3247-065896, 3100-059302, 3200-052720, 3200-042532, 4026-028099, PMPDP3_129021/1, PMPDP3_141671/1), the Federal Office for the Environment, the Federal Office of Public Health, the Federal Office of Roads and Transport, the canton's government of Aargau, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Land, Geneva, Luzern, Ticino, Valais, and Zürich, the Swiss Lung League, the canton's Lung League of Basel Stadt/ Basel Landschaft, Geneva, Ticino, Valais, Graubünden and Zurich, Stiftung ehemals Bündner Heilstätten, SUVA, Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft, UBS Wealth Foundation, Talecris Biotherapeutics GmbH, Abbott Diagnostics.ECRHS: The co-ordination of ECRHS II was supported by the European Commission, as part of their Quality of Life program. This work was also funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH grant 1R01HL062633) and the Carlos III Health Institute of the Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumption (FIS grant 01/3058). The following bodies funded the local studies in ECRHS II included in this paper: Albacete: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Consejeria de Sanidad, Barcelona: SEPAR, Public Health Service (grant code: R01 HL62633-01), Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code:97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02) CIRIT (grant code: 1999SGR 00241) Red Respira ISCII, Basel: Swiss National Science Foundation, Swiss Federal Office for Education & Science, Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (SUVA), USC NIEHS Center grant 5P30 ES07048, Bergen: Norwegian Research Council, Norwegian Asthma & Allergy Association (NAAF), Glaxo Wellcome AS, Norway Research Fund, Erfurt: GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code FR 1526/1-1), Galdakao: Basque Health Dept, Grenoble: Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, Ministere de l'Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, CHU de Grenoble, Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l’Isere, Hamburg: GSF-National Reasearch Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code MA 711/4-1), Ipswich and Norwich: Asthma UK (formerly known as National Asthma Campaign), Huelva: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Oviedo: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Paris: Ministere de l'Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, UCB-Pharma (France), Aventis (France), Glaxo France, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble, Tartu: Estonian Science Foundation, Umeå: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation, Uppsala: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation., French National Agency of Research (Francia), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea, Wellcome Trust, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Imperial College London-National Heart and Lung Institute
Subjects: Male, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 05 Environmental Sciences, Toxicology, 0302 clinical medicine, Adult onset asthma, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Lung function, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, biology, CLEANING PRODUCTS, SWISS COHORT, NF-kappa B, Respiratory organs diseases, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Middle Aged, Local study, 3. Good health, ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION, LUNG-FUNCTION, Europe, Occupational Diseases, Irritants, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, GENETICS, Steering committee, Physical activity, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Malalties de l'aparell respiratori, 03 medical and health sciences, Administrative support, Occupational Exposure, Cooperative group, Humans, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Asma, Science & Technology, business.industry, Research, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, AIR-POLLUTION, biology.organism_classification, Asthma, Molecular Weight, 030228 respiratory system, Pison, EMERGING ROLES, Particulate Matter, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, WORKPLACE, business, Humanities, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The biological mechanisms by which cleaning products and disinfectants-an emerging risk factor-affect respiratory health remain incompletely evaluated. Studying genes by environment interactions (G × E) may help identify new genes related to adult-onset asthma. OBJECTIVES: We identified interactions between genetic polymorphisms of a large set of genes involved in the response to oxidative stress and occupational exposures to low molecular weight (LMW) agents or irritants on adult-onset asthma. METHODS: Our data came from three large European cohorts: Epidemiological Family-based Study of the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA), Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Disease in Adults (SAPALDIA), and European Community Respiratory Health Survey in Adults (ECRHS). A candidate pathway-based strategy identified 163 genes involved in the response to oxidative stress and potentially related to exposures to LMW agents/irritants. Occupational exposures were evaluated using an asthma job-exposure matrix and job-specific questionnaires for cleaners and healthcare workers. Logistic regression models were used to detect G × E interactions, adjusted for age, sex, and population ancestry, in 2,599 adults (mean age, 47 years; 60% women, 36% exposed, 18% asthmatics). p-Values were corrected for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Ever exposure to LMW agents/irritants was associated with current adult-onset asthma [OR = 1.28 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.58)]. Eight single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by exposure interactions at five loci were found at p < 0.005: PLA2G4A (rs932476, chromosome 1), near PLA2R1 (rs2667026, chromosome 2), near RELA (rs931127, rs7949980, chromosome 11), PRKD1 (rs1958980, rs11847351, rs1958987, chromosome 14), and PRKCA (rs6504453, chromosome 17). Results were consistent across the three studies and after accounting for smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Using a pathway-based selection process, we identified novel genes potentially involved in adult asthma by interaction with occupational exposure. These genes play a role in the NF-κB pathway, which is involved in inflammation. Citation: Rava M, Ahmed I, Kogevinas M, Le Moual N, Bouzigon E, Curjuric I, Dizier MH, Dumas O, Gonzalez JR, Imboden M, Mehta AJ, Tubert-Bitter P, Zock JP, Jarvis D, Probst-Hensch NM, Demenais F, Nadif R. 2017. Genes interacting with occupational exposures to low molecular weight agents and irritants on adult-onset asthma in three European studies. Environ Health Perspect 125:207-214; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP376. We thank all study members and staff involved in data collections in each cohort: EGEA: We thank the Epidemiological Study on Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) cooperative group members as follows. Coordination: V. Siroux [epidemiology, principal investigator (PI) since 2013]; F. Demenais (genetics); I. Pin (clinical aspects); R. Nadif (biology); F. Kauffmann (PI 1992–2012). Respiratory epidemiology: Inserm U 700, Paris: M. Korobaeff (EGEA1), F. Neukirch (EGEA1); Inserm U 707, Paris: I. Annesi-Maesano (EGEA1–2); Inserm U1168 (ex-CESP/U 1018), Villejuif: F. Kauffmann, N. Le Moual, R. Nadif, M.P. Oryszczyn (EGEA1–2), R. Varraso; Inserm U 823, Grenoble: V. Siroux. Genetics: Inserm U 393, Paris: J. Feingold; Inserm U 946, Paris: E. Bouzigon, F. Demenais, M.H. Dizier; CNG, Evry: I. Gut (now CNAG, Barcelona, Spain), M. Lathrop (now McGill University, Montreal, Canada). Clinical centers: Grenoble: I. Pin, C. Pison; Lyon: D. Ecochard (EGEA1), F. Gormand, Y. Pacheco; Marseille: D. Charpin (EGEA1), D. Vervloet (EGEA1–2); Montpellier: J. Bousquet; Paris Cochin: A. Lockhart (EGEA1), R. Matran (now in Lille); Paris Necker: E. Paty (EGEA1–2), P. Scheinmann (EGEA1–2); Paris Trousseau: A. Grimfeld (EGEA1–2), J. Just. Data and quality management: Inserm ex-U155 (EGEA1): J. Hochez; Inserm U1168 (ex-CESP/U 1018), Villejuif: N. Le Moual; Inserm ex-U780: C. Ravault (EGEA1–2); Inserm ex-U794: N. Chateigner (EGEA1–2); Grenoble: J. Quentin-Ferran (EGEA1–2). SAPALDIA: We thank the team of the Swiss study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA). Study directorate: N.M. Probst-Hensch (PI; e/g); T. Rochat (p), C. Schindler (s), N. Künzli (e/exp), J.M. Gaspoz (c). Scientific team: J.C. Barthélémy (c), W. Berger (g), R. Bettschart (p), A. Bircher (a), C. Brombach (n), P.O. Bridevaux (p), L. Burdet (p), D. Felber Dietrich (e), M. Frey (p), U. Frey (pd), M.W. Gerbase (p), D. Gold (e), E. de Groot (c), W. Karrer (p), F. Kronenberg (g), B. Martin (pa), A. Mehta (e), D. Miedinger (o), M. Pons (p), F. Roche (c), T. Rothe (p), P. Schmid- Grendelmeyer (a), D. Stolz (p), A. Schmidt-Trucksäss (pa), J. Schwartz (e), A. Turk (p), A. von Eckardstein (cc), E. Zemp Stutz (e). Scientific team at coordinating centers: M. Adam (e), I. Aguilera (exp), S. Brunner (s), D. Carballo (c), S. Caviezel (pa), I. Curjuric (e), A. Di Pascale (s), J. Dratva (e), R. Ducret (s), E. Dupuis Lozeron (s), M. Eeftens (exp), I. Eze (e), E. Fischer (g), M. Foraster (e), M. Germond (s), L. Grize (s), S. Hansen (e), A. Hensel (s), M. Imboden (g), A. Ineichen (exp), A. Jeong (g), D. Keidel (s), A. Kumar (g), N. Maire (s), A. Mehta (e), R. Meier (exp), E. Schaffner (s), T. Schikowski (e), M. Tsai (exp). Abbreviations: (a) allergology, (c) cardiology, (cc) clinical chemistry, (e) epide - miology, (exp) exposure, (g) genetic and molecular biology, (m) meteorology, (n) nutrition, (o) occupational health, (p) pneumology, (pa) physical activity, (pd) pediatrics, (s) statistics. The study could not have been done without the help of the study partici - pants, technical and administrative support and the medical teams and field workers at the local study sites. Local fieldworkers: Aarau: S. Brun, G. Giger, M. Sperisen, M. Stahel; Basel: C. Bürli, C. Dahler, N. Oertli, I. Harreh, F. Karrer, G. Novicic, N. Wyttenbacher; Davos: A. Saner, P. Senn, R. Winzeler; Geneva: F. Bonfils, B. Blicharz, C. Landolt, J. Rochat; Lugano: S. Boccia, E. Gehrig, M.T. Mandia, G. Solari, B. Viscardi; Montana: A.P. Bieri, C. Darioly, M. Maire; Payerne: F. Ding, P. Danieli, A. Vonnez; Wald: D. Bodmer, E. Hochs, R. Kunz, C. Meier, J. Rakic, U. Schafroth, A. Walder. Administrative staff: N. Bauer Ott, C. Gabriel, R. Gutknecht. ECRHS: The ECRHS data incorporated in this analysis would not have been available without the collaboration of the following individuals and their research teams. ECRHS Co-ordinating Centre. P. Burney, D. Jarvis, S. Chinn, J. Knox (ECRHS II), C. Luczynska†, J. Potts. Steering Committee for ECRHS II. P. Burney, D. Jarvis, S. Chinn, U. Ackermann-Liebrich, J.M. Anto, I. Cerveri, R. deMarco†, T. Gislason, J. Heinrich, C. Janson, N. Kunzli, B. Leynaert, F. Neukirch, J. Schouten, J. Sunyer; C. Svanes, P. Vermeire†, M. Wjst. Principal Investigators and Senior Scientific Teams for ECRHS II centers within this analysis: Estonia: Tartu (R. Jogi, A. Soon); France: Paris (F. Neukirch, B. Leynaert, R. Liard, M. Zureik), Grenoble (I. Pin, J. Ferran-Quentin); Germany: Erfurt (J. Heinrich, M. Wjst, C. Frye, I. Meyer), Hamburg (K. Richter, D. Nowak); Norway: Bergen (A. Gulsvik, E. Omenaas, C. Svanes, B. Laerum); Spain: Barcelona (J.M. Anto, J. Sunyer, M. Kogevinas, J.P. Zock, X. Basagana, A. Jaen, F. Burgos), Huelva (J. Maldonado, A. Pereira, J.L. Sanchez), Albacete (J. Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, E. Almar), Galdakao (N. Muniozguren, I. Urritia), Oviedo (F. Payo); Sweden: Uppsala (C. Janson, G. Boman, D. Norback, M. Gunnbjornsdottir), Umeå (E. Norrman, M. Soderberg, K. Franklin, B. Lundback, B. Forsberg, L. Nystrom); Switzerland: Basel (N. Kunzli, B. Dibbert, M. Hazenkamp, M. Brutsche, U. Ackermann-Liebrich); United Kingdom: Norwich (D. Jarvis, B. Harrison), Ipswich (D. Jarvis, R. Hall, D. Seaton). Sí
Published: 2016

30. PRECATACLYSMIC VARIABLES: OBSERVATIONAL DATA AND MODELS

Author: Pustylnik, I. B., Pustynski, V. F., and Estonian Science Foundation for a supporting grant ETF 2629.
Subjects: lcsh:QB1-991, lcsh:Astronomy, Planetary nebulae, precataclismic binaries
Abstract: We summarize the first results of modelling light curves of precataclysmic binaries with strong reflection effect. Our approach is based upon modified Napier’s technique and explicit computation of emergent radiation intensity using the source functions given by Strittmatter and Sobieski.
Published: 2017

31. Molecular System Bioenergics of the Heart: Experimental Studies of Metabolic Compartmentation and Energy Fluxes versus Computer Modeling

Author: Rita Guzun, Minna Karu-Varikmaa, Theo Wallimann, Mayis Aliev, Valdur Saks, Tuuli Kaambre, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Center, Laboratoire de bioénergétique fondamentale et appliquée (LBFA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics = Keemilise ja bioloogilise füüsika instituut [Estonie] (NICPB | KBFI), Institut of cell biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), This work was supported by INSERM and Agence Nationale de la Recherche programme RA 0000C407 SYBECAR, France, by grant No. 7823 from the Estonian Science Foundation, SF0180114Bs08 from Estonia Ministry of Education and Science and by grant 09-04-00978a from the Russian Foundation for Basic Researches., and Hamant, Sarah
Subjects: Mitochondrial intermembrane space, Energy flux, heart, Mitochondrion, 7. Clean energy, Mitochondria, Heart, Catalysis, Phosphocreatine, lcsh:Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adenosine Triphosphate, 0302 clinical medicine, Adenine nucleotide, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Creatine Kinase, Molecular Biology, phosphocreatine, Spectroscopy, 030304 developmental biology, energy transfer, 0303 health sciences, biology, Heart, Respiration, Energy transfer, Mathematical modeling, Myocardium, Organic Chemistry, Models, Cardiovascular, mathematical modeling, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Computer Science Applications, Editorial, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, chemistry, Biochemistry, biology.protein, Creatine kinase, Steady state (chemistry), Energy Metabolism, Adenosine triphosphate, respiration, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; In this review we analyze the recent important and remarkable advancements in studies of compartmentation of adenine nucleotides in muscle cells due to their binding to macromolecular complexes and cellular structures, which results in non-equilibrium steady state of the creatine kinase reaction. We discuss the problems of measuring the energy fluxes between different cellular compartments and their simulation by using different computer models. Energy flux determinations by (18)O transfer method have shown that in heart about 80% of energy is carried out of mitochondrial intermembrane space into cytoplasm by phosphocreatine fluxes generated by mitochondrial creatine kinase from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), produced by ATP Synthasome. We have applied the mathematical model of compartmentalized energy transfer for analysis of experimental data on the dependence of oxygen consumption rate on heart workload in isolated working heart reported by Williamson et al. The analysis of these data show that even at the maximal workloads and respiration rates, equal to 174 μmol O(2) per min per g dry weight, phosphocreatine flux, and not ATP, carries about 80-85% percent of energy needed out of mitochondria into the cytosol. We analyze also the reasons of failures of several computer models published in the literature to correctly describe the experimental data.
Published: 2011

32. Human microRNAs miR-22 miR-138-2 miR-148a and miR-488 Are Associated with Panic Disorder and Regulate Several Anxiety Candidate Genes and Related Pathways

Author: Laura Kananen, Kristi Pettai, Tessa Sipilä, Ricard Navinés, Eduard Maron, Birgit Kagerbauer, Margarita Muiños-Gimeno, Xavier Estivill, Yolanda Espinosa-Parrilla, Iiris Hovatta, Mònica Gratacòs, Rocío Martín-Santos, Monica Guidi, Andres Metspalu, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundació La Marató de TV3, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Estonian Government, Fundación Genoma España, Academy of Finland, Yrjo and Tuulikki Ilvonen Foundation, and Estonian Science Foundation
Subjects: Candidate gene, Anxiety, Candidate genes, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, microRNA, medicine, Gene silencing, Biological Psychiatry, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Panic disorder, Panic, medicine.disease, Postranscriptional regulation, 3. Good health, Association study, MicroRNAs, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Anxiety disorder
Abstract: Disponible desde www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. -- Autores: Muiños-Gimeno, Margarita ... [et al.], [Background] The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in neuronal differentiation and synaptic plasticity suggests a role for miRNAs in psychiatric disorders; association analyses and functional approaches were used to evaluate the implication of miRNAs in the susceptibility for panic disorder., [Methods] Case-control studies for 712 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tagging 325 human miRNA regions were performed in 203 Spanish patients with panic disorder and 341 control subjects. A sample of 321 anxiety patients and 642 control subjects from Finland and 102 panic disorder patients and 829 control subjects from Estonia was used as a replica. Reporter-gene assays and miRNA overexpression experiments in neuroblastoma cells were used to functionally evaluate the spectrum of genes regulated by the associated miRNAs., [Results] Two SNPs associated with panic disorder: rs6502892 tagging miR-22 (p < .0002), and rs11763020 tagging miR-339 (p < .00008). Other SNPs tagging miR-138-2, miR-488, miR-491, and miR-148a regions associated with different panic disorder phenotypes. Replication in the north-European sample supported several of these associations, although they did not pass correction for multiple testing. Functional studies revealed that miR-138-2, miR-148a, and miR-488 repress (30%–60%) several candidate genes for panic disorder—GABRA6, CCKBR and POMC, respectively—and that miR-22 regulates four other candidate genes: BDNF, HTR2C, MAOA, and RGS2. Transcriptome analysis of neuroblastoma cells transfected with miR-22 and miR-488 showed altered expression of a subset of predicted target genes for these miRNAs and of genes that might be affecting physiological pathways related to anxiety., [Conclusions] This work represents the first report of a possible implication of miRNAs in the etiology of panic disorder., Este trabajo fue financiado por el "Instituto Carlos III y el Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias" (nº CIBER-CB06/02/0058, CIBER-SAM, FIS/ISCIII: P1052565, ISCIII: GO3/184, FI05/0006 para Margarita Muiños-Gimeno), la "Fundación Marató-TV3" (nº 014 331), el "Departament d'Universitats Innovació i Empresa, Generalitat de Catalunya" (nº 2005SGR00008 y 2009SGR1435), el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (nº SAF2008-00357), Sexto Programa Marco de la Unión Europea Proyecto Integrado SIROCCO (nº LSHG-CT-2006-037900). Andres Metspalu fue apoyado por el Séptimo Programa Marco Unión de la Europea (nº ENGAGE 201413, ECOGENE # 205419 EBC, y OPENGENE # 245536), la Unión Europea a través del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (Centro de Excelencia en Genómica) y el Gobierno de Estonia (nº SF0180142s08). El Centro Español Nacional de Genotipado (CeGen) fue apoyado por "Genoma España". Academia de Finlandia, Yrjö and Tuulikki Ilvonen Foundation y la Fundación Sigrid Juselius. Fundación Científica de Estonia (nº 7034).
Published: 2011
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33. Philosophical Basis and Some Historical Aspects of Systems Biology: From Hegel to Noble - Applications for Bioenergetic Research

Author: Rita Guzun, Valdur Saks, Claire Monge, Laboratoire de bioénergétique fondamentale et appliquée (LBFA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This work was supported by INSERM, France, by Agence Nationale de la Recherche, project ANR-07-BLAN-0086-01 France, and by grants of Estonian Science Foundation (N° 7117 and 6142 to V. S.)., and Hamant, Sarah
Subjects: Systems biology, Citric Acid Cycle, Energy metabolism, Molecular Systems Bioenergetics, Review, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biology, History, 18th Century, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, lcsh:Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Antithesis, 0302 clinical medicine, Myofibrils, compartmentation, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Cybernetics, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Spectroscopy, 030304 developmental biology, Cognitive science, Dialectic, 0303 health sciences, Reductionism, Systems Biology, Organic Chemistry, Hegelianism, History, 19th Century, regulation, General Medicine, Models, Theoretical, Computer Science Applications, Mitochondria, cellular energy metabolism, Energy (psychological), energy transfer systems, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Biophysics, Energy Metabolism
Abstract: International audience; We live in times of paradigmatic changes for the biological sciences. Reductionism, that for the last six decades has been the philosophical basis of biochemistry and molecular biology, is being displaced by Systems Biology, which favors the study of integrated systems. Historically, Systems Biology - defined as the higher level analysis of complex biological systems - was pioneered by Claude Bernard in physiology, Norbert Wiener with the development of cybernetics, and Erwin Schrödinger in his thermodynamic approach to the living. Systems Biology applies methods inspired by cybernetics, network analysis, and non-equilibrium dynamics of open systems. These developments follow very precisely the dialectical principles of development from thesis to antithesis to synthesis discovered by Hegel. Systems Biology opens new perspectives for studies of the integrated processes of energy metabolism in different cells. These integrated systems acquire new, system-level properties due to interaction of cellular components, such as metabolic compartmentation, channeling and functional coupling mechanisms, which are central for regulation of the energy fluxes. State of the art of these studies in the new area of Molecular System Bioenergetics is analyzed.
Published: 2009

34. Phylogenetic patterns are not proxies of community assembly mechanisms (they are far better)

Author: Igor V. Bartish, Pille Gerhold, James F. Cahill, Andreas Prinzing, Marten Winter, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, University of Alberta, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Regional Development Fund (Center of Excellence FIBIR, P Gerhold), Estonian Science Foundation (grant 8613, P Gerhold), a NSERC Discovery Grant (JF Cahill), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig from the German Science Foundation (DFGFZT 118, M Winter), and Purkyne Fellowship from Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic (IV Bartish)., Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Macroevolutionary diversification, Evolution, Macroevolution, Biology, phylogeny, Habitat filtering, Phylogenetics, evolution, Inter-actions, functional traits, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, Abiotic component, Lineage-pool, Functional ecology, Phylogenetic tree, Competition, Ecology, coexistence, habitat filtering, 15. Life on land, interactions, macroevolutionary diversification, Habitat, Phylogenetic Pattern, Trait, Unit beheer Alterra, lineage-pool, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, competition, Coexistence, Functional traits
Abstract: International audience; 1. The subdiscipline of ‘community phylogenetics’ is rapidly growing and influencing thinking regarding community assembly. In particular, phylogenetic dispersion of co-occurring species within a community is commonly used as a proxy to identify which community assembly processes may have structured a particular community: phylogenetic clustering as a proxy for abiotic assembly, that is habitat filtering, and phylogenetic overdispersion as a proxy for biotic assembly, notably competition.2. We challenge this approach by highlighting (typically) implicit assumptions that are, in reality, only weakly supported, including (i) phylogenetic dispersion reflects trait dispersion; (ii) a given ecological function can be performed only by a single trait state or combination of trait states; (iii)trait similarity causes enhanced competition; (iv) competition causes species exclusion; (v) communities are at equilibrium with processes of assembly having been completed; (vi) assembly through habitat filtering decreases in importance if assembly through competition increases, such that the relative balance of the two can be thus quantified by a single parameter; and (vii) observed phylogenetic dispersion is driven predominantly by local and present-day processes.3. Moreover, technical sophistication of the phylogenetic-patterns-as-proxy approach trades off against sophistication in alternative, potentially more pertinent approaches to directly observe or manipulate assembly processes.4. Despite concerns about using phylogenetic dispersion as a proxy for community assembly processes, we suggest there are underappreciated benefits of quantifying the phylogenetic structure of communities, including (i) understanding how coexistence leads to the macroevolutionary diversification of habitat lineage-pools (i.e. phylogenetic-patterns-as-result approach); and (ii) understanding the macroevolutionary contingency of habitat lineage-pools and how it affects present-day species coexistence in local communities (i.e. phylogeneticpatterns- as-cause approach).5. We conclude that phylogenetic patterns may be little useful as proxy of community assembly. However, such patterns can prove useful to identify and test novel hypotheses on (i) how local coexistence may control macroevolution of the habitat lineage-pool, for example through competition among close relatives triggering displacement and diversification of characters, and (ii) how macroevolution within the habitat lineage-pool may control local coexistence of related species, for example through origin of close relatives that can potentially enter in competition.
Published: 2015

35. Spatial patterns of competing random walkers

Author: Emilio Hernández-García, Cristóbal López, Els Heinsalu, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, and Estonian Science Foundation
Subjects: Lévy flights, Individual-based model, Gaussian, FOS: Physical sciences, Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS), Niche space, Clustering, symbols.namesake, Statistical physics, Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution, Cluster analysis, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Brownian motion, Mathematics, Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Competition, Ecological Modeling, Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE), Random walk, Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons, Outcome (probability), Birth–death process, Lévy flight, FOS: Biological sciences, Spatial ecology, symbols, Pattern formation, Nonlocal interactions, Random walks
Abstract: © 2014 Elsevier B.V. We review recent results obtained from simple individual-based models of biological competition in which birth and death rates of an organism depend on the presence of other competing organisms close to it. In addition the individuals perform random walks of different types (Gaussian diffusion and Lévy flights). We focus on how competition and random motions affect each other, from which spatial instabilities and extinctions arise. Under suitable conditions, competitive interactions lead to clustering of individuals and periodic pattern formation. Random motion has a homogenizing effect and then delays this clustering instability. When individuals from species differing in their random walk characteristics are allowed to compete together, the ones with a tendency to form narrower clusters get a competitive advantage over the others. Mean-field deterministic equations are analyzed and compared with the outcome of the individual-based simulations., E.H.-G. and C.L. acknowledge financial support from Spanish MINECO and FEDER through projects INTENSE@COSYP (FIS2012-30634) and ESCOLA (CTM2012-39025-C02-01). E.H. acknowledges support from the targeted financing project SF0690030s09, and from the Estonian Science Foundation Grant No. 9462.
Published: 2015

36. Genome-wide association meta-analysis of human longevity identifies a novel locus conferring survival beyond 90 years of age

Author: Doris Lechner, Miriam Capri, Stefan Böhringer, Stefan Schreiber, Gonneke Willemsen, Paolo Garagnani, Irene Maeve Rea, Andres Metspalu, Palmi V. Jonsson, Thomas B. L. Kirkwood, Lene Christiansen, Fernando Rivadeneira, Giuseppina Rose, J. Wouter Jukema, Serena Dato, Owen A. Ross, Almut Nebel, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Gary Saunders, Bernard Jeune, David J. Stott, Jeanine J. Houwing-Duistermaat, A. Murphy, Anton J. M. de Craen, Friederike Flachsbart, Karen Andersen-Ranberg, Albert Hofman, Ian Ford, Ellen A. Nohr, Giuseppe Passarino, Krista Fischer, Elisa Cevenini, Carmen Martin-Ruiz, Jutta Gampe, Iris Postmus, Christopher P. Nelson, Stefano Salvioli, Alberto Montesanto, Mark Lathrop, Marianne Nygaard, Marie E. Breen, Jennifer Harrow, Hae-Won Uh, Erik B. van den Akker, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, André G. Uitterlinden, Alexander Viktorin, Bastiaan T. Heijmans, Susan E. McNerlan, Quinta Helmer, Naveed Sattar, Claudio Franceschi, Eco J. C. de Geus, E. Mihailov, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Qihua Tan, Kari Stefansson, Yoichiro Kamatani, Paolina Crocco, Henning Tiemeier, Stella Trompet, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Marian Beekman, Riin Tamm, Amke Caliebe, Maris Alver, Femke-Anouska Heinsen, Pilar Galan, Daníel F. Guðbjartsson, Joris Deelen, Linda Broer, Ruud van der Breggen, Kristin L. Ayers, Anna M. Bennet, Dorret I. Boomsma, P. Eline Slagboom, Kaare Christensen, Diana van Heemst, Joanna Collerton, Karen Davies, Rudi G. J. Westendorp, Hélène Blanché, Lavinia Paternoster, Nilesh J. Samani, Hreinn Stefansson, Simon P. Mooijaart, Heather J. Cordell, Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging [Leiden, Netherlands] (NCHA), LeidenUniversity Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University [Newcastle], National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Fondation Jean Dausset - Centre d’Étude du Polymorphisme Humain, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University of Tartu, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, University of Calabria, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), University Hospitals Leicester, Genome Campus, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences [Belfast], Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Iowa [Iowa City], DIMES: Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Bologna University Hospital, Institute for Ageing and Health, University of Glasgow, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (MPIDR), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Amsterdam Medical Center, Landspitali National University Hospital of Iceland, University of Iceland, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Institut de Génomique, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Estonian Biocentre, Partenaires INRAE, Aarhus University [Aarhus], School of Social and Community Medicine, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Mayo Clinic, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Sophia Children's Hospital, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Augustinus Foundation, Avera Institute for Human Genetics (AIHG), AXA Research Fund, Belfast City Hospital Trust Fund, Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (BBMRI -NL) [184.021.007], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Bristol-Myers Squibb, Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), Centre for Medical Systems Biology (CMSB), CERA Foundation, Commissariat a L'Energie Atomique (CEA)-Centre National de Genotypage (CNG), Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (DASTI)/The Danish Council for Independent Research (DCIR) [11-107308], Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF), Department of Health and Social Services (Northern Ireland), DFG-Cluster of Excellence 'Inflammation at Interfaces', Dunhill Medical Trust [R124/0509], Egmont Foundation, Estonian Science Foundation [7859], Estonian Government [SF0180142s08], European Research Council (ERC) [230374], European Science Foundation (ESF) [EU/QLRT-2001-01254], European Union [FP5-QLK6-CY-2001-00128, FP6-LIFESCIHEALTH-36894, FP6-LSH M-CT-2004-503270, FP7-HEALTH-2007-B-223004, FP7-HEALTH-F4-2007-201413, FP7-HEALTH-F4-2008-202047, FP7-HEALTH-2009-single-stage-242244, FP7-HEALTH-2010-two-stage-259679], Fondation Caisse d'Epargne Rhone-Alpes Lyon CERAL, Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN) of the Foundation for the US National Institutes of Health (NIMH) [MH081802], GenomEUtwin [EU/QLRT-2001-01254, QLG2-CT-2002-01254], Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Health Foundation, Heart and Lung foundation [20070481], Innovation-Oriented Research Program on Genomics (SenterNovem) [IGE05007], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), King's College London, Medical Research Council (MRC) [G0500997, G0601333], Ministere de l'Enseignement superieur et de la Recherche (MESR), National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Aging (NIA) [P01AG08761, R01D0042157-01A, U01DK066134], National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, NBIC BioAssist [NWO-NBIC/BioAssist/RK/2008.024], Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing (NCHA) [050-060-810], Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI), Netherlands Heart Foundation (NHF) [2001 D 032], Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO, MagW/ZonMW) [904-61-090, 904-61-193, 480-04-004, 400-05-717, Spinozapremie 56-464-14192, 175.010.2005.011, 911-03-012, 985-10-002, Addiction-31160008, Middelg-root-911-09-032], Netspar - Living longer for a good health, NHS North of Tyne (Newcastle Primary Care Trust), Pharmacy Foundation, Regione Autonoma della Sardegna, Rutgers University Cell and DNA Repository [NIMH U24 MH068457-06], Swedish Research Council [M-2005-1112], Tampere University Hospital and Academy of Finland, Danish Interdisciplinary Research Council, Health Foundation (Helsefonden), Ministry for Higher Education, National Program for Research Infrastructure [09-063256], March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF), Unilever Discover Colworth, Universite Paris 13, University of Tartu [SP1GVAR-ENG], Velux Foundation, VU University's Institute for Health and Care Research (EMGO+) and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam (NCA), Wellcome Trust [084762, 085475, 087436], IDEAL [FP7-HEALTH-2010-two-stage-259679], Research and Education into Ageing-0153, European Regional Development Fund, Deelen J, Beekman M, Uh HW, Broer L, Ayers KL, Tan Q, Kamatani Y, Bennet AM, Tamm R, Trompet S, Guðbjartsson DF, Flachsbart F, Rose G, Viktorin A, Fischer K, Nygaard M, Cordell HJ, Crocco P, van den Akker EB, Böhringer S, Helmer Q, Nelson CP, Saunders GI, Alver M, Andersen-Ranberg K, Breen ME, van der Breggen R, Caliebe A, Capri M, Cevenini E, Collerton JC, Dato S, Davies K, Ford I, Gampe J, Garagnani P, de Geus EJ, Harrow J, van Heemst D, Heijmans BT, Heinsen FA, Hottenga JJ, Hofman A, Jeune B, Jonsson PV, Lathrop M, Lechner D, Martin-Ruiz C, McNerlan SE, Mihailov E, Montesanto A, Mooijaart SP, Murphy A, Nohr EA, Paternoster L, Postmus I, Rivadeneira F, Ross OA, Salvioli S, Sattar N, Schreiber S, Stefánsson H, Stott DJ, Tiemeier H, Uitterlinden AG, Westendorp RG, Willemsen G, Samani NJ, Galan P, Sørensen TI, Boomsma DI, Jukema JW, Rea IM, Passarino G, de Craen AJ, Christensen K, Nebel A, Stefánsson K, Metspalu A, Magnusson P, Blanché H, Christiansen L, Kirkwood TB, van Duijn CM, Franceschi C, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Slagboom PE., Leiden Univ, Dept Mol Epidemiol, NL-2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands [ 2 ] Leiden Univ, Netherlands Consortium Healthy Ageing, NL-2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands [ 3 ] Leiden Univ, Dept Med Stat & Bioinformat, NL-2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands [ 4 ] Leiden Univ, Dept Cardiol, NL-2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands [ 5 ] Leiden Univ, Dept Gerontol & Geriatr, NL-2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands [ 6 ] Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands [ 7 ] Erasmus MC, Dept Internal Med, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands [ 8 ] Newcastle Univ, Int Ctr Life, Inst Med Genet, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, Tyne & Wear, England [ 9 ] Univ So Denmark, Inst Publ Hlth, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark [ 10 ] Univ So Denmark, Inst Clin Res, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark [ 11 ] Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Genet, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark [ 12 ] Odense Univ Hosp, Clin Biochem & Pharmacol, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark [ 13 ] Fdn Jean Dausset CEPH, F-75010 Paris, France [ 14 ] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden [ 15 ] Univ Tartu, Estonian Genome Ctr, Tartu 51010, Estonia [ 16 ] Univ Tartu, Inst Mol & Cell Biol, EE-51010 Tartu, Estonia [ 17 ] deCODE Genet, Populat Gen, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland [ 18 ] Univ Kiel, Inst Clin Mol Biol, D-24105 Kiel, Germany [ 19 ] Univ Kiel, Inst Med Informat & Stat, D-24105 Kiel, Germany [ 20 ] Univ Calabria, Dept Biol Ecol & Earth Sci, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy [ 21 ] Delft Univ Technol, Delft Bioinformat Lab, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands [ 22 ] Univ Leicester, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, Leicester LE3 9QP, Leics, England [ 23 ] Glenfield Hosp, Cardiovasc Biomed Res Unit, Natl Inst Hlth Res, Leicester LE3 9QP, Leics, England [ 24 ] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England [ 25 ] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Med Dent & Biomed Sci, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland [ 26 ] Univ Iowa, Dept Psychiat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA [ 27 ] Univ Bologna, Dept Expt Diagnost & Specialty Med, I-40126 Bologna, Italy [ 28 ] Univ Bologna, Interdepartmental Ctr L Galvani, I-40126 Bologna, Italy [ 29 ] Newcastle Univ, Inst Ageing & Hlth, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE4 5PL, Tyne & Wear, England [ 30 ] Univ Glasgow, Robertson Ctr Biostat, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland [ 31 ] Univ Glasgow, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland [ 32 ] Max Planck Inst Demograf Forsch, Lab Stat Demog, D-18057 Rostock, Germany [ 33 ] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Biol Psychol, NL-1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands [ 34 ] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, EMGO Inst Hlth & Care Res, NL-1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands [ 35 ] Landspitali Univ Hosp, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland [ 36 ] Univ Iceland, Fac Med, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland [ 37 ] CEA, Inst Genom, F-91057 Evry, France [ 38 ] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3G 1A4, Canada [ 39 ] Genome Quebec Innovat Ctr, Montreal, PQ H3G 1A4, Canada [ 40 ] Belfast Hlth & Social Care Trust, Cytogenet Lab, Belfast BT8 8BH, Antrim, North Ireland [ 41 ] Estonian Bioctr, EE-51010 Tartu, Estonia [ 42 ] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark [ 43 ] Univ Bristol, Sch Social & Community Med, MRC Ctr Causal Anal Translat Epidemiol, Bristol BS8 2BN, Avon, England [ 44 ] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurosci, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA [ 45 ] Univ Glasgow, Fac Med, BHF Glasgow Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Glasgow G12 8TA, Lanark, Scotland [ 46 ] Univ Kiel, PopGen Biobank, D-24105 Kiel, Germany [ 47 ] Univ Hosp Schleswig Holstein, D-24105 Kiel, Germany [ 48 ] Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp, Erasmus Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands [ 49 ] Univ Paris 04, UREN, U557, INSERM, F-93017 Bobigny, France [ 50 ] U1125 Inra, F-93017 Bobigny, France [ 51 ] Cnam, F-93017 Bobigny, France [ 52 ] Univ Paris 13, CRNH IdF, F-93017 Bobigny, France [ 53 ] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Sect Metab Genet, Novo Nordisk Fdn Ctr, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark [ 54 ] Inst Prevent Med, DK-2000 Copenhagen, Denmark [ 55 ] Frederiksberg Univ Hosp, DK-2000 Copenhagen, Denmark [ 56 ] Interuniv Cardiol Inst Netherlands, NL-3501 DG Utrecht, Netherlands [ 57 ] Bellaria Hosp, IRCCS Inst Neurol Sci, I-40139 Bologna, Italy [ 58 ] CNR, ISOF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy, Epidemiology, Surgery, Internal Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, ProdInra, Migration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), VU University Amsterdam, Biological Psychology, and EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes
Subjects: Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Disease/genetics, Lífslíkur, Longevity/genetics, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Genetic Linkage, Genome-wide association study, 0302 clinical medicine, Prospective Studies, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Association Studies Articles, Age Factors, Chromosome Mapping, Genetic Loci/physiology, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Europe, Phenotype, Cardiovascular Diseases, Hypertension, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5, Female, Human Longevity, genetics, meta-analysis, Aging/genetics, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, HUMAN AGING, Longevity, European Continental Ancestry Group, Population, HUMAN GENETICS, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Locus (genetics), Biology, FAMILIAL LONGEVITY, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene mapping, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Allele, education, Molecular Biology, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, Öldrun, Genome, Human, Arfgengi, Minor allele frequency, Ageing, Genetic Loci, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, Hypertension/genetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked Files. This article is open access. The genetic contribution to the variation in human lifespan is ∼ 25%. Despite the large number of identified disease-susceptibility loci, it is not known which loci influence population mortality. We performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 7729 long-lived individuals of European descent (≥ 85 years) and 16 121 younger controls (
Published: 2014

37. Clustering determines who survives for competing brownian and lévy walkers

Author: Emilio Hernández-García, Els Heinsalu, Cristóbal López, Estonian Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), and European Commission
Subjects: Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Population Dynamics, General Physics and Astronomy, Motion (geometry), Type (model theory), Models, Biological, Competitive advantage, Competition (biology), Diffusion, Motion, Lévy flight, Spatial clustering, Cluster Analysis, Physics - Biological Physics, Statistical physics, Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution, Cluster analysis, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Brownian motion, media_common, Mathematics
Abstract: The competition between two ecologically similar species that use the same resources and differ from each other only in the type of spatial motion they undergo is studied. The latter is assumed to be described either by Brownian motion or Lévy flights. Competition is taken into account by assuming that individuals reproduce in a density-dependent fashion. It is observed that no influence of the type of motion occurs when the two species are in a well-mixed unstructured state. However, as soon as the species develop spatial clustering, the one forming more concentrated clusters gets a competitive advantage and eliminates the other. A similar competitive advantage would occur between walkers of the same type but with different diffusivities if this leads also to different clustering. The coexistence of both species is also possible under certain conditions. © 2013 American Physical Society., This work has been supported by the targeted financing project SF0690030s09, Estonian Science Foundation Grant No. 9462 (EH), and by the Spanish MINECO and FEDER through projects FISICOS (FIS2007-60327), ESCOLA (CTM2012-39025-C02-01), and INTENSE@COSYP (FIS2012-30634).
Published: 2013

38. Digest of 'Utilization of Electric Vehicles Connected to Distribution Substations for Peak Shaving of Utility Network Loads'

Author: Mägi, Marek and European Social Fund (project 'Doctoral School of Energy and Geotech-nology II'), Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (project SF0140016s11), Estonian Science Foundation (Grant ETF757) and Estonian Archimedes Foundation (project VA431)
Subjects: AC-DC power converters, bidirectional power flow, DC-DC power converters, electric vehicles, substations
Abstract: Use of modern electric vehicles and their effective integration into power grids depends on the technologies applied around distribution substations. Distribution substations equipped with energy storing and V2G capability enable peak load shaving and demand response, which will reduce the need to make new investments into building new power sources or power grids to meet peak demand. This paper presents a distribution substation topology for utilizing electric vehicles as energy resource units for peak shaving of utility network loads. The topology allows bidirectional energy exchange among electric vehicles, battery pack energy storage devices and utility networks. The substation acts as a service provider in a microgrid. Functions of a microgrid application were simulated with MATLAB. The evaluation of the results has shown that electric vehicles can be effectively utilized for peak shaving of utility network loads. The results of the modelling and simulation were used for the development of a microgrid prototype. Assessment of capacities of electric vehicles showed that electric vehicles can provide short term support for the utility network.
Published: 2013

39. The Conservation of Early Post-Medieval Period Coins Found in Estonia

Author: Mart Viljus, Aive Viljus, and Estonian Science Foundation
Subjects: lcsh:Museums. Collectors and collecting, Materials science, Cleaning methods, Period (geology), conservation, Post Medieval, archaeological silver coins, removal of corrosion products, different conservation methods, Archaeology, lcsh:AM1-501
Abstract: This article deals with archaeological find material with a low silver content and the problems of conserving such material. The aim of the research was to find the most suitable method for the conservation of poorly preserved early post-medieval period coins with varying composition. For this, first, the composition of both the metal and the corrosion products of the archaeological coins were analysed, after which comparative experiments of different cleaning methods were carried out in order to find out the least harmful and most efficient method. A test was also performed to determine the necessity and efficiency of stabilizing the surface of the coins after cleaning.
Published: 2013

40. Detecting a difference in reaction norms for size and time at maturation: pheromone strains of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis: Lepidoptera, Crambidae)

Author: Vellau, Helen, Leppik, Ene, Frerot, Brigitte, Tammaru, Toomas, ProdInra, Migration, University of Tartu, Physiologie de l'Insecte : Signalisation et Communication (PISC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), Estonian Science Foundation 9294, Partenariat Hubert Curien (PHC) Parrot program 20668RB, European Union through European Regional Development Fund (Center of Excellence FIBIR), and SF0180122s08
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, TRADE-OFFS, INSECTS, Ostrinia nubilalis, SEED BEETLE, Zea mays, phenology, EVOLUTION, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Artemisia vulgaris, HOST RACES, POPULATIONS, growth rate, insect, host race, body size, DIRECTIONAL SELECTION, ADAPTATION, SYMPATRIC SPECIATION, BODY-SIZE
Abstract: International audience; Background: Sibling herbivore species or host strains specialized to different food plants frequently evolve specific adaptations to their hosts, including host-specific differences in developmental traits (body mass and development time). Such differences may (1) be a consequence of an evolutionary change in relative quality of different hosts, or (2) reflect host-specific changes in the reaction norms for size and time at maturation per se. Aim: Detect a difference in reaction norms for size and time at maturation among the host strains of an herbivorous insect. Organism: European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis, a polyphagous pest moth with two distinct host plant strains E and Z feeding on hop/mugwort and on maize, respectively. Methods: A laboratory growth trial in which the larvae from these two strains were reared on an artificial diet that was either neutral or included the native host plant of the respective strain. The growth of the larvae was monitored on a daily basis. Results: Larvae from strain Z developed over a longer period and attained higher pupal masses than larvae from strain E, the strains thereby showing systematic differences in reaction norms for time and size at maturation. Conclusion: Examining the sign of the correlation between size and time at maturation at the level of among-strain comparison is recommended as a tool for detecting host-specific changes in the reaction norms for size and time at maturation.
Published: 2013

41. R4 regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) identify an ancient MHC-linked synteny group

Author: Sirje Rüütel Boudinot, Pierre Boudinot, Jaanus Suurväli, Jacques Robert, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), University of Rochester [USA], Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Tallinn University of Technology, Institut National Recherche Agronomique, Estonian Research Council [SF0140066s09], Estonian Science Foundation [ETF8914], National Science Foundation [IOB-0923772], and National Institutes of Health [R24-AI-059830]
Subjects: COMPARATIVE GENOMICS, EXPRESSION, G protein, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology, Xenopus, Gene Expression, Proto-MHC, Biology, Major histocompatibility complex, Synteny, Article, REGION, ADAPTIVE IMMUNE-SYSTEM, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Tetrapod evolution, RECEPTOR GENES, Gene Order, REVEALS, Genetics, Animals, Humans, XENOPUS-LAEVIS, Xenopus tropicalis, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Regulation of gene expression, Cephalochordate, 0303 health sciences, fungi, Branchiostoma floridae, biology.organism_classification, Physical Chromosome Mapping, EVOLUTION, DUPLICATION, MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX, Gene Expression Regulation, Regulators of G protein signaling, Vertebrates, biology.protein, Interferons, RGS Proteins, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) are key regulators of G protein signaling. RGS proteins of the R4 RGS group are composed of a mere RGS domain and are mainly involved in immune response modulation. In both human and mouse, most genes encoding the R4 RGS proteins are located in the same region of chromosome 1. We show here that the RGS1/RGS16 neighborhood constitutes a synteny group well conserved across tetrapods and closely linked to the MHC paralogon of chromosome 1. Genes located in the RGS1/RGS16 region have paralogs close to the MHC on chromosome 6 or close to the other MHC paralogons. In amphioxus, a cephalochordate, these genes possess orthologs that are located in the same scaffolds as a number of markers defining the proto-MHC in this species (Abi-Rached et al., Nat Genet 31:100-115, 2002). We therefore propose that the RGS1/RGS16 region provides useful markers to investigate the origins and the evolution of the MHC. In addition, we show that some genes of the region appear to have immune functions not only in human, but also in Xenopus.
Published: 2013

42. Genome-wide association study of lung function decline in adults with and without asthma

Author: Ivan Curjuric, Kari E. North, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Nora Franceschini, Rachel Nadif, Matthias Wjst, Stefano Guerra, George T. O'Connor, Francine Kauffmann, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Deborah Jarvis, Jemma B. Wilk, Florent Monier, Medea Imboden, David P. Strachan, Ashok Kumar, Emmanuelle Bouzigon, Manolis Kogevinas, Dirkje S. Postma, Florian Kronenberg, Judith M. Vonk, Gerard H. Koppelman, Mark Lathrop, Florence Demenais, Miriam F. Moffatt, Janine Altmüller, Laura R. Loehr, Joachim Heinrich, Valérie Siroux, Christian Schindler, Juan R. González, Stephanie J. London, Gian Andri Thun, Dana B. Hancock, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Epidemiology & Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel]-Medical School University of Basel, Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fondation Jean Dausset, Variabilité Génétique et Maladies Humaines, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London-School of public health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU)-The University of Hong Kong (HKU)-MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Behavioral Health Epidemiology Program, Research Triangle Institute International (RTI International), Departments of Neurology and Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston University [Boston] (BU)-Boston University [Boston] (BU)-Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology & Epidemiology, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG)-Beatrix Children's Hospital-Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] (EPI), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC)-UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health-Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Cologne Center for Genomics-University of Cologne, Arizona Respiratory Center, Division of genetic epidemiology, Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU)-HMNC Brain Health-Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre National de Génotypage (CNG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Bethesda] (NHLBI), Population Health Sciences and Education, St George's University of London, Epidemiology, National School of Public Health-Medical School of Athens, EGEA: INSERM-Ministry of Research 'Cohortes et Collections' grant (4CH06G). French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, University Paris Diderot-Paris 7, grants from the French Agency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (grant AFSSETAPR- SE-2004), the French National Agency for Research (grants ANR 05- SEST-020- 02/05-9-97 and ANR 06-CEBS), PHRC-Paris, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD)) SAPALDIA: Swiss National Science Foundation (grants no 4026-28099,3347CO- 108796, 3247BO-104283, 3247BO-104288, 3247BO-104284, 32-65896.01,32- 59302.99, 32-52720.97, 32-4253.94), the Federal Office for Forest, Environment and Landscape, the Federal Office of Public Health, the Federal Office of Roads and Transport, the canton's government of Aargau, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Land, Geneva, Luzern, Ticino, Zurich, the Swiss Lung League, the canton's Lung League of Basel Stadt/ Basel Landschaft, Geneva, Ticino and Zurich, Freie Akademische Gesellschaft (FAG), UBS Wealth Foundation. ECRHS: The co-ordination of ECRHS II was supported by the European Commission, as part of their Quality of Life programme. The following bodies funded the local studies in ECRHS II: Albacete: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Consejeria de Sanidad, Barcelona: SEPAR, Public Health Service (grant code: R01 HL62633-01), Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02) CIRIT (grant code: 1999SGR 00241) Red Respira ISCII, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain Basel: Swiss National Science Foundation, Swiss Federal Office for Education & Science, Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (SUVA), USC NIEHS Center grant 5P30 ES07048, Bergen: Norwegian Research Council, Norwegian Asthma & Allergy Association (NAAF), Glaxo Wellcome AS, Norway Research Fund, Erfurt: GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code FR 1526/1-1), Galdakao: Basque Health Dept, Grenoble: Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble, Ministere de l'Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l'Isere, Hamburg: GSF-National Reasearch Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code MA 711/4-1), Ipswich and Norwich: Asthma UK (formerly known as National Asthma Campaign), Huelva: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Oviedo: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Paris: Ministere de l'Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, UCB-Pharma (France), Aventis (France), Glaxo France, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble, Tartu: Estonian Science Foundation, Umeå: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation, Uppsala: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation, Financial support for ECRHS I for centres in ECRHS II was provided by: Ministère de la Santé, Glaxo France, Insitut Pneumologique d'Aquitaine, Contrat de Plan Etat-Région Languedoc-Rousillon, CNMATS, CNMRT (90MR/10, 91AF/6), Ministre delegué de la santé, RNSP, France, GSF, and the Bundesminister für Forschung und Technologie, Bonn, Germany, Norwegian Research Council project no. 101422/310, Ministero Sanidad y Consumo FIS (grants #91/0016060/00E-05E and #93/0393), and grants from Hospital General de Albacete, Hospital General Juan Ramón Jiménenz, Consejeria de Sanidad Principado de Asturias, Spain, The Swedish Medical Research Council, the Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, the Swedish Association against Asthma and Allergy, Swiss National Science Foundation grant 4026-28099, National Asthma Campaign, British Lung Foundation, Department of Health, South Thames Regional Health Authority, UK. A.R. was supported by the Department of Health, UK and the European Commission as part of GABRIEL contract number 018996 under the Integrated Program LSH-2004-1.2.5-1. Genotyping of the discovery cohort and part of B58C was funded by the GABRIEL asthma genetic consortium supported by a contract from the European Commission(018996) and grants from the French Ministry of Research, the Wellcome Trust (WT084703MA), and Asthma UK. Replication cohorts: ARIC: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C), R01HL087641, R01HL59367 and R01HL086694, National Human Genome Research Institute contract U01HG004402, and National Institutes of Health contract HHSN268200625226C. Infrastructure was partly supported by Grant Number UL1RR025005, a component of the National Institutes of Health and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Work for this manuscript was supported, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS, Z01ES043012). FHS: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study (Contract No. N01-HC-25195) and its contract with Affymetrix, Inc for genotyping services (Contract No. N02-HL-6-4278). Dr. Wilk by a Young Clinical Scientist Award from the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI). A portion of this research utilized the Linux Cluster for Genetic Analysis (LinGA-II) funded by the Robert Dawson Evans Endowment of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center. B58C: British 1958 Birth Cohort was funded by the Medical Research Council grant G0000934 and the Wellcome Trust grant 068545/Z/02 (http://www.b58cgene.sgul.ac.uk/). Genotyping was funded by the Wellcome Trust grant 076113/B/04/Z, by the United States National Institutes of Health and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation U01 DK062418 and by the European Commission Framework Programme 6 (018996). Dutch Asthma Study: The Dutch Asthma study has been funded by the Netherlands Asthma Foundation grants AF 3.2.07.015, and AF 98.48 and a grant from the University Medical Center Groningen, Nadif, Rachel, University of Oxford, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), HMNC Brain Health-Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology-Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Subjects: Male, Vital capacity, MESH: Asthma, Vital Capacity, LOCI, Genome-wide association study, CHILDREN, VARIANTS, 0302 clinical medicine, Framingham Heart Study, S-TRANSFERASE M1, cohort studies, Forced Expiratory Volume, Immunology and Allergy, Lung, GENERAL-POPULATION, 0303 health sciences, COPD, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Respiratory disease, LARGE-SCALE, MESH: Follow-Up Studies, Middle Aged, respiratory system, 3. Good health, Neoplasm Proteins, Europe, MESH: Young Adult, Female, MESH: Membrane Proteins, Cohort study, Adult, CANDIDATE GENE, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, PHENOTYPES, MESH: Forced Expiratory Volume, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, FEV1/FVC ratio, Young Adult, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, MESH: Tumor Suppressor Proteins, MESH: Lung, POLYMORPHISMS, 030304 developmental biology, Asthma, MESH: Humans, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13, business.industry, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, lung function decline, Membrane Proteins, MESH: Adult, MESH: Vital Capacity, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, respiratory tract diseases, 030228 respiratory system, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Genome-Wide Association Study, genome-wide association, MESH: Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Europe, heterogeneity, business, MESH: Female, Follow-Up Studies, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Background: Genome-wide association studies have identified determinants of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and lung function level; however, none have addressed decline in lung function.Objective: We conducted the first genome-wide association study on the age-related decrease in FEV1 and its ratio to forced vital capacity (FVC) stratified a priori by asthma status.Methods: Discovery cohorts included adults of European ancestry (1,441 asthmatic and 2,677 nonasthmatic participants: the Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma, the Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Disease in Adults, and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey). The associations of FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio decrease with 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were estimated. Thirty loci were followed up by in silico replication (1,160 asthmatic and 10,858 nonasthmatic participants: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities, the Framingham Heart Study, the British 1958 Birth Cohort, and the Dutch Asthma Study).Results: Main signals identified differed between asthmatic and nonasthmatic participants. None of the SNPs reached genome-wide significance. The association between the height-related gene DLEU7 and FEV1 decrease suggested for nonasthmatic participants in the discovery phase was replicated (discovery, P = 4.8 x 10(-6); replication, P = .03), and additional sensitivity analyses point to a relation to growth. The top ranking signal, TUSC3, which is associated with FEV1/FVC ratio decrease in asthmatic participants (P = 5.3 x 10(-8)), did not replicate. SNPs previously associated with cross-sectional lung function were not prominently associated with decline.Conclusions: Genetic heterogeneity of lung function might be extensive. Our results suggest that genetic determinants of longitudinal and cross-sectional lung function differ and vary by asthma status. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012;129:1218-28.)
Published: 2012

43. The imagined audience on Facebook: Analysis of Estonian teen sketches about typical Facebook users

Author: Maria Murumaa, Andra Siibak, and Estonian Science Foundation
Subjects: Ideal (set theory), Computer Networks and Communications, Cyberpsychology, media_common.quotation_subject, imagined audience, Facebook, user typology, young people, sketches, Advertising, Focus group, Estonian, language.human_language, Human-Computer Interaction, Perception, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, language, Psychology, social sciences, media_common
Abstract: This paper analyses Estonian high–school students (N=15) perceptions about the imagined audience on Facebook. Students’ sketches (N=39) and reflections on focus group interviews indicate that the youth are well aware of the plurality of the imagined audience on Facebook. From the total of six prevalent user types and sub–types that emerged, just one user type could be considered representative of an ideal audience on Facebook in the eyes of youth.
Published: 2012

44. NATIVE SPIRITUALITY IN (RE)CONSTRUCTED PERSONHOOD: OBSERVING AND FILMING YURI VELLA

Author: Toulouze, Eva, Niglas, Liivo, Centre de recherches Europes-Eurasie (CREE EA 4513), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco), University of Tartu, Estonian Science Foundation (grant No. 8335), European Project: CECT, University of Tartu (UT), and Department of Ethnology
Subjects: ethnographic film, personhood, religion, participant observation, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, spirituality, identity, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; This article is an attempt to understand what role spiritual matters play in the ideas and everyday life of a public figure quite famous in Western Siberia, the Forest Nenets writer, reindeer herder and activist Yuri Vella, and how the so-called religious practice is articulated in his life. In our reflection, we do not rely on any ad-hoc discourse, on issue-centred interviews, but on our fieldwork observation of speech and practice, a big part of which has been recorded on video with the aim of using it in the making of ethnographic films.; Cet article est une tentative de comprendre le rôle des questions spirituelles dans les idées et dans la vie quotidienne d'une personnalité publique fort célèbre en Sibérie Occidentale, Jurij Vella, écrivain, militant et éleveur de rennes nénetse des forêts, et de voir comment la pratique religieuse s'articule dans sa vie. Dans notre réflexion, nous ne nous appuyons pas sur un discours ad hoc, sur des entretiens ciblés; nous partons de nos terrains, de notre observation de sa parole et de sa pratique, qui ont été largement filmées avec l'objectif de réaliser un film documentaire.
Published: 2012

45. Phylogenetically poor plant communities receive more alien species, which more easily coexist with natives

Author: Oliver Tackenberg, Andreas Prinzing, Meelis Pärtel, Stephan M. Hennekens, Igor V. Bartish, Joop H.J. Schaminée, Alexander J. F. Fergus, Pille Gerhold, Wim A. Ozinga, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, ALTERRA Wageningen, ALTERRA, Structure et Dynamique de la Diversité, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Centre for Ecosystem Studies, University of Wageningen, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Zurich, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), University of Nijmegen, Department of Ecology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Radboud university [Nijmegen], Estonian Science Foundation European Regional Development Fund Programme franco-estonien PARROT CNRS ATI BIK-F, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Radboud University [Nijmegen]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, gradients, lineages, biological invasions, Biodiversity, alien species, Introduced species, Biology, Environment, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, diversity, indicator values, invasions, Phylogenetics, Life Science, ecological communities, functional traits, Wageningen Environmental Research, species richness, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, Netherlands, conservatism, Phylogenetic tree, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, saturation, Aquatic Ecology, Plant community, 15. Life on land, Plants, PE&RC, Centrum Ecosystemen, Centre for Ecosystem Studies, Phylogenetic diversity, Phylogeography, CE - Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, Trait, community assembly, phylogenetic diversity, Regression Analysis, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Introduced Species, richness, invasibility
Abstract: International audience; Alien species can be a major threat to ecological communities, but we do not know why some community types allow the entry of many more alien species than do others. Here, for the first time, we suggest that evolutionary diversity inherent to the constituent species of a community may determine its present receptiveness to alien species. Using recent large databases from observational studies, we find robust evidence that assemblage of plant community types from few phylogenetic lineages (in plots without aliens) corresponds to higher receptiveness to aliens. Establishment of aliens in phylogenetically poor communities corresponds to increased phylogenetic dispersion of recipient communities and to coexistence with rather than replacement of natives. This coexistence between natives and distantly related aliens in recipient communities of low phylogenetic dispersion may reflect patterns of trait assembly. In communities without aliens, low phylogenetic dispersion corresponds to increased dispersion of most traits, and establishment of aliens corresponds to increased trait concentration.We conclude that if quantified across the tree of life, high biodiversity correlates with decreasing receptiveness to aliens. Low phylogenetic biodiversity, in contrast, facilitates coexistence between natives and aliens even if they share similar trait states.
Published: 2011

46. Indigenous agency in the missionary encounter: The example of the Khanty and the Nenets

Author: Toulouze, Eva, Centre de recherches Europes-Eurasie (CREE EA 4513), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco), Estonian Science foundation (grant no. 8335)., and European Project: CECT
Subjects: encounter, Khanty, Nenets, agency, Arctic peoples, conversion, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, missionaries, [SHS.RELIG]Humanities and Social Sciences/Religions
Abstract: International audience; In literature about missionary activities in western Siberia in the 19th – early 20th century, the natives are seen as passive recipients of the missionaries’ initiative, as victims of their endeavours. This article intends to present another view of the encounter, showing firstly why this erroneous vision developed and secondly how the Khanty and the Nenets are actually active in the interaction. It shows how in both cases, either by accepting or by refusing, the natives follow their own interests and their own decisions without submitting to stronger constraint against their will. While those who refused to accept the missionaries’ endeavours clearly expressed their independence, those who chose to convert did it sincerely, although their understanding of Christianity did not match the missionaries’ expectations. They did it for conscious reasons, not just yielding to the missionaries’ wishes but often being themselves the initiators. For them, Christianity is integrated in a worldview that is not based on dual oppositions. Therefore, while representatives of official Christianity do not see these natives as real Christians, they consider themselves to be so.; Dans la littérature sur les activités missionnaires en Sibérie Occidentale au tournant des XIXe et XXe siècles, les autochtones sont vus en général comme les destinataires de l'initiative des missionnaires et comme des victimes de ceux-ci. Cet article entend présenter une autre vision de la rencontre: il montre d'abord pourquoi cette vision erronée a été développée et deuxièmement que les Khantys et les Nénetses sont en fait actifs dans cette interaction. Il montre que quelle que soit l'issue de la rencontre, qu'ils acceptent ou qu'ils refusent, les autochtones suivent leurs propres intérêts et leurs décisions à eux et ne se soumettent pas à une volonté qui serait plus forte que la leur. Alors que ceux qui refusent les propositions des missionnaires expriment clairement leur indépendance, ceux qui se convertissent le font sincèrement, même si leur compréhension du christianisme ne correspond pas aux attentes des missionnaires. Ils le font pour des raisons conscientes et ne se limitent pas à accepter des offres. Souvent, ils sont eux-mêmes initiateurs. Pour eux, le christianisme est intégré dans une vision du monde qui ne repose pas sur des oppositions binaires. C'est pourquoi les représentants du christianisme official ne les reconnaissent pas comme de vrais chrétiens, alors qu'eux se voient comme tels.
Published: 2011

47. Real-time manipulation of gold nanoparticles inside a scanning electron microscope

Author: Vlassov S., Polyakov B., Dorogin L.M., Lhmus A., Romanov A.E., Kink I., Gnecco E., Lhmus R. and This work was supported by the Estonian Science Foundation grants no. 8377 , 8420 , the Estonian research targeted project SF0180058s07 , the Doctoral School of Functional Materials and Technology , the University of Tartu , the Estonian Nanotechnology Competence Center and the ESF Fanas program 'Nanoparma' . The authors would like to thank Dr. K. Mougin for useful discussion, and Siim Pikker for assistance with the SEM.
Published: 2011

48. Silurian bolbozoids and cypridinids (Myodocopa) from Europe : pioneer pelagic ostracods

Author: Perrier, Vincent, Vannier, Jean, Siveter, David J., Institute of Ecology & Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology [Leicester], University of Leicester, Estonian Science Foundation , Estonian, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)
Subjects: Bolbozoidae, functional morphology, Myodocopa, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Cypridinidae, palaeoecology, Silurian
Abstract: International audience; Bolbozoid and cypridinid myodocope ostracods from France, the Czech Republic and Sardinia consist of four genera (one new: Silurocypridina) and at least ten species (eight new: Bolbozoe acuta, B. rugosa, B. parvafraga, Para-bolbozoe armoricana, Silurocypridina retroreticulata, S. vario-striata, S. calva and Calocaria robusta). They have a functional design, palaeogeographical distribution, depositional setting and faunal associates that suggest that they were swimmers in the water column, living in dim light, relatively deep environments, above near bottom dysoxic/anoxic conditions. These myodocope faunas include some possible pelagic species sensu stricto, with widespread palaeogeographical (transoceanic) distribution, and some species that occupied hyperbenthic niches and were capable of making short incursions to the sediment to scavenge on carrion. These data support the model that Silurian myodocopes were pioneer pelagic ostracods.
Published: 2011

49. Direct translocation as major cellular uptake for CADY self-assembling peptide-based nanoparticles

Author: Gilles Divita, Sébastien Deshayes, Anna Rydström, Laurence Crombez, Gudrun Aldrian, Margus Pooga, Karidia Konate, Kärt Padari, Hassan Boukhaddaoui, Centre de recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (CRBM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Department of Developmental Biology, University of Tartu, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier - Déficits sensoriels et moteurs (INM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and grants from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR- ANR-06- BLAN-0071), the Estonian Science Foundation (ESF8705) and the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (180019s11)., Dubois, Frederic, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INM)
Subjects: Cell Membrane Permeability, Cell, Intracellular Space, lcsh:Medicine, Cell-Penetrating Peptides, 02 engineering and technology, Biochemistry, Cell membrane, RNA interference, Molecular cell biology, Cricetinae, Drug Discovery, Nanotechnology, RNA, Small Interfering, Biomacromolecule-Ligand Interactions, lcsh:Science, Drug Carriers, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry, Physics, Transfection, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cell biology, Nucleic acids, Protein Transport, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytochemistry, Medicine, Epigenetics, Membranes and Sorting, 0210 nano-technology, Intracellular, Research Article, Biotechnology, Self-assembling peptide, Drugs and Devices, Drug Research and Development, Endosome, Molecular Sequence Data, Materials Science, Biophysics, CHO Cells, Endocytosis, Material by Attribute, 03 medical and health sciences, Cricetulus, Chemical Biology, Genetics, medicine, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, Biology, Nanomaterials, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Membrane, lcsh:R, Cytoplasm, Bionanotechnology, Nanoparticles, RNA, Calcium, lcsh:Q, Heparitin Sulfate, Gene expression, HeLa Cells
Abstract: International audience; Cell penetrating peptides constitute a potent approach to overcome the limitations of in vivo siRNA delivery. We recently proposed a peptide-based nanoparticle system, CADY, for efficient delivery of siRNA into numerous cell lines. CADY is a secondary amphipathic peptide that forms stable complexes with siRNA thereby improving both their cellular uptake and biological response. With the aim of understanding the cellular uptake mechanism of CADY:siRNA complexes, we have combined biochemical, confocal and electron microscopy approaches. In the present work, we provide evidence that the major route for CADY:siRNA cellular uptake involves direct translocation through the membrane but not the endosomal pathway. We have demonstrated that CADY:siRNA complexes do not colocalize with most endosomal markers and remain fully active in the presence of inhibitors of the endosomal pathway. Moreover, neither electrostatic interactions with cell surface heparan sulphates nor membrane potential are essential for CADY:siRNA cell entry. In contrast, we have shown that CADY:siRNA complexes clearly induce a transient cell membrane permeabilization, which is rapidly restored by cell membrane fluidity. Therefore, we propose that direct translocation is the major gate for cell entry of CADY:siRNA complexes. Membrane perturbation and uptake are driven mainly by the ability of CADY to interact with phospholipids within the cell membrane, followed by rapid localization of the complex in the cytoplasm, without affecting cell integrity or viability.
Published: 2011

50. Meropenem vs standard of care for treatment of late onset sepsis in children of less than 90 days of age: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Author: Lutsar, I, Trafojer, Um, Heath, Pt, Metsvaht, T, Standing, J, Esposito, S, de Cabre VM, Oeser, C, Aboulker, Jp, Giaquinto, Carlo, the NeoMero Consortium, Giaquinto, Carlo, Rossi, Paolo, Sharland, Mike, Heininger, Ulrich, Roilides, Emmanuel, Warris, Adilia, Usonis, Vytautas, Omeñaca Terés, Félix, Ceci, Adriana, Institute of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of pediatrics, Division of Clinical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL)-St George's, Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Clinics of Tartu, Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Unit, University College of London [London] (UCL), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Essais Therapeutiques et Infection Par Le Vih, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), JFS is supported by a Methodology Fellowship G1002305 from the UK Medical Research Council. IL and TM are partly supported by the grants of Estonian Science Foundation (8799) and Estonian Target Financing (SF0182726s06) and from the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund and the Archimedes Foundation, NeoMero Consortium, European Project: 242146,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2009-single-stage,NEOMERO(2010), Institute of Child Health University College London, BMC, Ed., and European multicenter network to evaluate pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of Meropenem in neonatal sepsis and meningitis - NEOMERO - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2010-01-01 - 2015-06-30 - 242146 - VALID
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, Population, Medicine (miscellaneous), Meropenem, law.invention, Sepsis, Study Protocol, 03 medical and health sciences, premature neonate, 0302 clinical medicine, Clinical Protocols, Randomized controlled trial, law, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), education, FP7, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, lcsh:R5-920, Neonatal sepsis, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Postmenstrual Age, Infant, Length of Stay, medicine.disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Thienamycins, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, neonate, business, lcsh:Medicine (General), randomised controlled trial, medicine.drug, neonatal, sepsis, therapy
Abstract: International audience; ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Late onset neonatal sepsis (LOS) with the mortality of 17 to 27% is still a serious disease. Meropenem is an antibiotic with wide antibacterial coverage. The advantage of it over standard of care could be its wider antibacterial coverage and thus the use of mono- instead of combination therapy. METHODS: NeoMero1, an open label, randomised, comparator controlled, superiority trial aims to compare the efficacy of meropenem with a predefined standard of care (ampicillin plus gentamicin or cefotaxime plus gentamicin) in the treatment of LOS in neonates and infants aged less than 90 days admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. A total of 550 subjects will be recruited following a 1:1 randomisation scheme. The trial includes patients with culture confirmed (at least one positive culture from normally sterile site except coagulase negative staphylococci in addition to one clinical or laboratory criterion) or clinical sepsis (at least two laboratory and two clinical criteria suggestive of LOS in subjects with postmenstrual age less than 44 weeks or fulfilment of criteria established by the International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference in subjects with postmenstrual age [greater than or equal to] 44 weeks). Meropenem will be given at a dose of 20 mg/kg q12h or q8h depending on the gestational- and postnatal age. Comparator agents are administered as indicated in British National Formulary for Children. The primary endpoint measured at the test of cure visit (2 days after end of study therapy) and is graded to success (all baseline symptoms and laboratory parameters are resolved or improved with no need to continue antibiotics and the baseline microorganisms are eradicated and no new microorganisms are identified and the patient has received allocated treatment for 11 plus/minus 3 days with no modification) or a failure (all remaining cases). Secondary outcome measures include comparison of survival, relapse rates or new infections by Day 28, clinical response at Day 3 and end of therapy, duration of hospitalisation, population pharmacokinetic analysis of meropenem and effect of antibiotics on mucosal colonisation and development of antibacterial resistance. The study will start recruitment in September 2011; the total duration is of 24 months. Trial registration: EudraCT 2011-001515-31.
Published: 2011

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