88 results on '"Emotional dysfunction"'
Search Results
2. Brief Interventions for Coping With Distress
- Author
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Douglas Mennin, Professor of Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2023
3. Emotion Regulation Training Via Telehealth During the COVID-19 Pandemic (ERT-P)
- Author
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University of Michigan and Douglas Mennin, Professor of Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2023
4. Optimizing Research With Diverse Families
- Author
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Jeanette Johnstone, Assistant Professor
- Published
- 2023
5. Dyadic Neurofeedback for Emotion Regulation in Youth With Maternal Adversity
- Author
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Oklahoma State University
- Published
- 2023
6. Feasibility and Acceptability Off The Equus Effect
- Author
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VA Connecticut Healthcare System
- Published
- 2023
7. Severe Asthma, MepolizumaB and Affect: SAMBA Study (SAMBA)
- Author
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Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Derby
- Published
- 2023
8. Neurostimulation Versus Therapy for Problems With Emotions
- Author
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National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- Published
- 2023
9. Emotion Regulation Group Study (EmoReg)
- Author
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Fondation Privée des HUG and Camille Nemitz Piguet, MD, PhD, PD
- Published
- 2023
10. A Mobile App for Peer-led Seeking Safety
- Author
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National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
- Published
- 2023
11. Psychometric properties of the affect integration inventory - short form in a sample of patients with personality disorder.
- Author
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Frederiksen, Christina, Telléus, Gry Kjaersdam, and Solbakken, Ole André
- Subjects
PSYCHOMETRICS ,PERSONALITY disorders ,CONFIRMATORY factor analysis ,INVENTORIES ,FACTOR structure - Abstract
Introduction: Affect integration comprises the capacity to access and utilize the motivational and signal properties of affects. This capacity is essential for personal adjustment, mental health, and well-being. Affect integration is commonly operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory. This study examines the psychometric properties of a short-form (AII-SF-42) of the instrument in a sample of patients with personality disorders (n = 87). Methods: Analyses of internal-consistency reliability, along with standardized mean differences-, and associations between short- and long-forms are reported. Internal structure was assessed by confirmatory factor analyses and external criterion validity was addressed by tests of associations between the AIISF-42-scale scores and measures of alexithymia, symptom distress, interpersonal problems and level of personality dysfunction. Results: The study demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity for scores derived from the AII-SF-42, including acceptable internal consistency and strong correspondence with long-form scores, a consistent factor structure organized according to discrete affects, and systematic patterns of convergent and discriminant associations with external measures. Conclusion: Taken together, the results of the study demonstrate that in clinical settings, including patients with personality disorders the AII-SF-42 is a valid and useful alternative to the full-length version of the instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Low mindfulness is related to poor sleep quality from middle adolescents to emerging adults: a process model involving resilience and emotional dysfunction
- Author
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Huaiyuan Zhou, Ziqing Zhu, Xiangang Feng, and Ruibin Zhang
- Subjects
Perceived stress ,Resilience ,Sleep quality ,Emotional dysfunction ,Trait mindfulness ,Middle adolescence ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives Transitions from middle adolescence into merging adulthood, a life stage between age 15–25, has a high prevalence of sleep problems. Mindfulness is a trait defined as being attentive to the present moment which positively relates to sleep quality. In this study, we aimed to investigate how resilience and emotional dysfunction may influence the relationship between trait mindfulness and sleep quality. Methods The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales were used to measure the key variables through an online survey of 497 participants between middle adolescence and emerging adults (317 females, mean age 18.27 ± 0.76 years). A process model was built to investigate the mediating roles of resilience and emotional dysfunction in the impact of trait mindfulness on sleep quality, together with the relationships between their specific components. Results We found a positive association between mindfulness and sleep quality through resilience and through emotional dysfunction, and through the sequential pathway from resilience to emotional dysfunction. Of note, acting with awareness (mindfulness facet) showed significant indirect effects on sleep quality, mediated by resilience and emotional dysfunction. Conclusions Our findings may unveil the underlying mechanisms of how low mindfulness induces poor sleep quality. The findings indicate that conceiving mindfulness as a multifaceted construct facilitates comprehension of its components, relationships with other variables, and underscores its potential clinical significance given its critical implications for mental health.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Emotion Regulation Therapy for Clinical Worry and Rumination (ERT)
- Author
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Kent State University, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, and Douglas Mennin, Professor of Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2022
14. Application of UP for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders for UHR for Psychosis Patients
- Author
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Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu
- Published
- 2022
15. Personality Profile of Children and Adolescents With ADHD and With or Without Emotional Dysregulation
- Published
- 2022
16. Low mindfulness is related to poor sleep quality from middle adolescents to emerging adults: a process model involving resilience and emotional dysfunction.
- Author
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Zhou, Huaiyuan, Zhu, Ziqing, Feng, Xiangang, and Zhang, Ruibin
- Subjects
- *
SLEEP quality , *YOUNG adults , *TRANSITION to adulthood , *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience , *MINDFULNESS , *TEENAGERS - Abstract
Objectives: Transitions from middle adolescence into merging adulthood, a life stage between age 15–25, has a high prevalence of sleep problems. Mindfulness is a trait defined as being attentive to the present moment which positively relates to sleep quality. In this study, we aimed to investigate how resilience and emotional dysfunction may influence the relationship between trait mindfulness and sleep quality. Methods: The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales were used to measure the key variables through an online survey of 497 participants between middle adolescence and emerging adults (317 females, mean age 18.27 ± 0.76 years). A process model was built to investigate the mediating roles of resilience and emotional dysfunction in the impact of trait mindfulness on sleep quality, together with the relationships between their specific components. Results: We found a positive association between mindfulness and sleep quality through resilience and through emotional dysfunction, and through the sequential pathway from resilience to emotional dysfunction. Of note, acting with awareness (mindfulness facet) showed significant indirect effects on sleep quality, mediated by resilience and emotional dysfunction. Conclusions: Our findings may unveil the underlying mechanisms of how low mindfulness induces poor sleep quality. The findings indicate that conceiving mindfulness as a multifaceted construct facilitates comprehension of its components, relationships with other variables, and underscores its potential clinical significance given its critical implications for mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Process of Regulation in Addictions: Vulnerability Emotional Factors to Craving (Procrav)
- Author
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Ramsay santé
- Published
- 2021
18. Day Hospital Treatment of Emotional Dysregulation
- Author
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Daryl Croft, Principal Investigator
- Published
- 2021
19. Psychometric properties of the affect integration inventory – short form in a sample of patients with personality disorder
- Author
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Christina Frederiksen, Gry Kjaersdam Telléus, and Ole André Solbakken
- Subjects
affect integration ,affect integration inventory ,affect integration inventory – short form ,affect consciousness ,personality disorder ,emotional dysfunction ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
IntroductionAffect integration comprises the capacity to access and utilize the motivational and signal properties of affects. This capacity is essential for personal adjustment, mental health, and well-being. Affect integration is commonly operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory. This study examines the psychometric properties of a short-form (AII-SF-42) of the instrument in a sample of patients with personality disorders (n = 87).MethodsAnalyses of internal-consistency reliability, along with standardized mean differences-, and associations between short- and long-forms are reported. Internal structure was assessed by confirmatory factor analyses and external criterion validity was addressed by tests of associations between the AII-SF-42-scale scores and measures of alexithymia, symptom distress, interpersonal problems and level of personality dysfunction.ResultsThe study demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity for scores derived from the AII-SF-42, including acceptable internal consistency and strong correspondence with long-form scores, a consistent factor structure organized according to discrete affects, and systematic patterns of convergent and discriminant associations with external measures.ConclusionTaken together, the results of the study demonstrate that in clinical settings, including patients with personality disorders the AII-SF-42 is a valid and useful alternative to the full-length version of the instrument.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Improving Emotion Regulation at the End of Breast Cancer Treatment
- Author
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Jules Bordet Institute, Centre de Psycho-Oncologie (CPO), and Prof. Isabelle Merckaert, PhD, Professor
- Published
- 2020
21. Does Heart Rate Variance (HRV) Biofeedback Help Regulate Emotions and Improve Mindfulness in Mentally Unwell Offenders?
- Published
- 2020
22. Youth FORWARD Phase 1 YRI and EPP Study
- Author
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German Society for International Cooperation, Caritas Freetown, and University of Georgia
- Published
- 2019
23. Validation of the Affect Integration Inventory in a sample of patients with personality disorders: A cross-sectional study
- Author
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Christina Frederiksen, Ole André Solbakken, Rasmus W. Licht, Ann-Eva Christensen, Carsten René Jørgensen, and Gry Kjaersdam Telléus
- Subjects
Affect integration ,Affect Integration Inventory ,Affect consciousness ,Personality disorder ,Emotional dysfunction ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Affect integration is defined as the capacity to comprehend emotional experiences as meaningful and to convert this knowledge into well-adjusted motivation, communication and behavior. Thus, affect integration is considered essential for personal adjustment and well-being, and it has been operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory. However, the validity of this questionnaire has been examined only in non-clinical respondents. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire in a sample of patients with personality disorders (n = 87). The internal structure and consistency were addressed using Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis. To determine aspects of convergent and discriminant validity, the correlations between the scores on the questionnaire and the scores on content-related questionnaires and scales were examined. Finally, scores from the clinical respondents and existing data from a previously collected non-clinical sample (n = 157) were compared to evaluate the external validity. The overall results demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, a consistent factor structure, and systematic patterns of convergent and discriminant validity. Additionally, the findings indicated that the instrument clearly differentiated the clinical sample from the non-clinical sample.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. ثر بخشی بازی درمانی دلبستگی محور بر خودکارآمدی والدگری مادران و ناگویی هیجانی کودکان در خانوادههای طالق در دوران همهگیری کووید 19.
- Author
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لیال ذوالقدرنیا, پانتهآ جهانگیر, and فریده دوکانهایف&
- Abstract
Introduction: Traumatic events such as divorce play an important role in causing alexithymia in children and parental self-efficacy. Attachment-based play therapy focuses simultaneously on the child's emotions and parental effectiveness. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of attachment-based play therapy on alexithymia of children and their mother’s parental self-efficacy in divorced family in Tehran in covid-19 pandemic. Method: The present study is a quasi-experimental design with pretest, posttest, follow-up group. The statistical population of this study was mothers and their children in divorced families in Tehran in 1400 who responded positively to the invitation for cooperation in the present study in virtual networks. A total of 48 sample (24 children and 24 mothers) were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental groups received 10 sessions of attachment-based play therapy training but the control group did not receive any intervention. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measure. Results: The results showed that attachment-based play therapy improved emotional malaise and its components in children and increased their mothers' parenting self-efficacy (P <0.01). Conclusion: According to the results, attention to this approach in treatment programs and counseling as an effective method to reduce emotional distress in children and increase maternal self-efficacy of parents in divorced families can be useful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
25. The Relationship between Affect Integration and Psychopathology in Patients with Personality Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- Author
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Frederiksen, Christina, Solbakken, Ole André, Licht, Rasmus Wentzer, Jørgensen, Carsten René, Rodrigo-Domingo, Maria, and Telléus, Gry Kjaersdam
- Subjects
PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,PERSONALITY disorders ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,OUTPATIENT medical care ,PSYCHOTHERAPY - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Emotional dysfunction is considered a key component in personality disorders; however, only few studies have examined the relationship between the two. In this study, emotional dysfunction was operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory, and the aim was to examine the relationships between the level of affect integration and the levels of symptom distress, interpersonal problems, and personality functioning in patients diagnosed with personality disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition. Materials and Methods: Within a hospital-based psychiatric outpatient setting, 87 patients with personality disorder referred for treatment were identified for assessment with the Affect Integration Inventory and other measures (e.g., the Symptom Checklist-90, Revised, the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems 64 circumplex version, and the Severity Indices of Personality Problems). Results: The analyses revealed that problems with affect integration were strongly and statistically significantly correlated with high levels of symptom distress, interpersonal problems, and maladaptive personality functioning. Additionally, low scores on the Affect Integration Inventory regarding discrete affects were associated with distinct and differentiated patterns of interpersonal problems. Conclusion: Taken together, emotional dysfunction, as measured by the Affect Integration Inventory, appeared to be a central component of the pathological self-organization associated with personality disorder. These findings have several implications for the understanding and psychotherapeutic treatment of personality pathology. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of considering the integration of discrete affects and their specific contributions in the conceptualization and treatment of emotional dysfunction in patients with personality disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The Relationship between Affect Integration and Psychopathology in Patients with Personality Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study
- Author
-
Christina Frederiksen, Ole André Solbakken, Rasmus Wentzer Licht, Carsten René Jørgensen, Maria Rodrigo-Domingo, and Gry Kjaersdam Telléus
- Subjects
affect integration ,personality disorders ,psychopathology ,Affect Integration Inventory ,emotional dysfunction ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Emotional dysfunction is considered a key component in personality disorders; however, only few studies have examined the relationship between the two. In this study, emotional dysfunction was operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory, and the aim was to examine the relationships between the level of affect integration and the levels of symptom distress, interpersonal problems, and personality functioning in patients diagnosed with personality disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition. Materials and Methods: Within a hospital-based psychiatric outpatient setting, 87 patients with personality disorder referred for treatment were identified for assessment with the Affect Integration Inventory and other measures (e.g., the Symptom Checklist-90, Revised, the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems 64 circumplex version, and the Severity Indices of Personality Problems). Results: The analyses revealed that problems with affect integration were strongly and statistically significantly correlated with high levels of symptom distress, interpersonal problems, and maladaptive personality functioning. Additionally, low scores on the Affect Integration Inventory regarding discrete affects were associated with distinct and differentiated patterns of interpersonal problems. Conclusion: Taken together, emotional dysfunction, as measured by the Affect Integration Inventory, appeared to be a central component of the pathological self-organization associated with personality disorder. These findings have several implications for the understanding and psychotherapeutic treatment of personality pathology. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of considering the integration of discrete affects and their specific contributions in the conceptualization and treatment of emotional dysfunction in patients with personality disorders.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Validation of the Affect Integration Inventory in a sample of patients with personality disorders:A cross-sectional study
- Author
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Christina Frederiksen, Ole André Solbakken, Rasmus W. Licht, Ann-Eva Christensen, Carsten René Jørgensen, and Gry Kjaersdam Telléus
- Subjects
Personality Disorders/diagnosis ,Personality Inventory ,Psychometrics ,Personality disorder ,Emotional dysfunction ,Reproducibility of Results ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,General Medicine ,Personality Disorders ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Humans ,Affect consciousness ,Affect integration ,Affect Integration Inventory - Abstract
Affect integration is defined as the capacity to comprehend emotional experiences as meaningful and to convert this knowledge into well-adjusted motivation, communication and behavior. Thus, affect integration is considered essential for personal adjustment and well-being, and it has been operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory. However, the validity of this questionnaire has been examined only in non-clinical respondents. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire in a sample of patients with personality disorders (n = 87). The internal structure and consistency were addressed using Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis. To determine aspects of convergent and discriminant validity, the correlations between the scores on the questionnaire and the scores on content-related questionnaires and scales were examined. Finally, scores from the clinical respondents and existing data from a previously collected non-clinical sample (n = 157) were compared to evaluate the external validity. The overall results demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, a consistent factor structure, and systematic patterns of convergent and discriminant validity. Additionally, the findings indicated that the instrument clearly differentiated the clinical sample from the non-clinical sample.
- Published
- 2022
28. Professor Ruixia Pei’s Clinical Experience in Treating Globus Hystericus with 'Harmonizing Method'
- Author
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Di Sun, Ruixia Pei, Fen Zhang, and Xingyu Chen
- Subjects
Psychotherapist ,business.industry ,Blood circulation ,education ,Medicine ,Globus Hystericus ,Remove blood ,business ,Emotional dysfunction ,humanities ,Yin and yang - Abstract
To summarize professor Pei’s experience in treating globus hystericus. Methods: Learn from your teacher. Results: Professor Pei had been suffering from the disease for more than 30 years and had her unique views on the treatment of globus hystericus, which are mostly for emotional dysfunction, liver Qi is not comfortable, functioning of Qi is not adjusted, Yin and Yang imbalance. The basic principle of treatment is to grasp the core pathogenesis, take harmony as the method and balance as the duration, harmonize Qi, regulate Yin and Yang, use drugs to disperse the liver and rectify Qi, as well as auxiliary treatment with products to promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, dryness and dampness, and clear heat.
- Published
- 2021
29. Pattern Separation: A Potential Marker of Impaired Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis in Major Depressive Disorder.
- Author
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Gandy, Kellen, Sohye Kim, Sharp, Carla, Dindo, Lilian, Maletic-Savatic, Mirjana, and Calarge, Chadi
- Subjects
MENTAL depression ,DEVELOPMENTAL neurobiology ,DENTATE gyrus - Abstract
Adult neurogenesis involves the generation of new neurons, particularly in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Decreased hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in both animal models of depression and in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), despite some inconsistency in the literature. Here, we build upon current models to generate a new testable hypothesis, linking impaired neurogenesis to downstream psychological outcomes commonly observed in MDD. We contend that disruption in adult neurogenesis impairs pattern separation, a hippocampus-dependent function requiring the careful discrimination and storage of highly similar, but not identical, sensory inputs. This, in turn, can affect downstream processing and response selection, of relevance to emotional wellbeing. Specifically, disrupted pattern separation leads to misperceived stimuli (i.e., stimulus confusion), triggering the selection and deployment of established responses inappropriate for the actual stimuli. We speculate that this may be akin to activation of automatic thoughts, described in the Cognitive Behavior Theory ofMDD. Similarly, this impaired ability to discriminate information at a fundamental sensory processing level (e.g., impaired pattern separation) could underlie impaired psychological flexibility, a core component of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy of MDD. We propose that research is needed to test this model by examining the relationship between cognitive functioning (e.g., pattern separation ability), psychological processes (e.g., perseveration and psychological inflexibility), and neurogenesis, taking advantage of emerging magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based imaging thatmeasures neurogenesis in-vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Investigating the Relationship between Emotional Dysfunction, Sexual Excitement in Women Affected by Marital Infidelity in Bojnourd in 1399
- Author
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mojtaba aghili and parasto yazdani
- Subjects
Marital infidelity ,Emotional dysfunction ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Published
- 2020
31. First episode psychosis: A comparison of caregiving appraisals in parents caring for the same child
- Author
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Kaja Widuch, Juliana Onwumere, Sophie Wilson, Lai Chu Man, Sanna Khan, Lucy Brown, Jonathan Souray, Mellisha Padayatchi, Caroline Floyd, Gareth James, Jo Billings, David Raune, Roya Afsharzadegan, and Natasha Lyons
- Subjects
Parents ,Psychosis ,Coping (psychology) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,First episode psychosis ,Adaptation, Psychological ,medicine ,Humans ,Family ,Child ,Emotional dysfunction ,Biological Psychiatry ,Early psychosis ,Timeline ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Early intervention in psychosis ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Caregivers ,Psychotic Disorders ,Pshychiatric Mental Health ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
BACKGROUND The first onset of psychosis can be a traumatic event for diagnosed individuals but can also impact negatively on their families. Little is known about how parents of the same child make sense of the illness. In mothers and fathers caring for the same child with early psychosis, the current study assessed their similarities and differences in key areas of their caregiving role. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, parental pairs caring for the same child treated within an early intervention in psychosis service, completed self-report measures on their caregiving experiences, illness beliefs, coping styles and affect. RESULTS Data from 44 mothers and fathers were analysed. Analyses confirmed that parents reported similar levels of emotional dysfunction and conceptualized the illness in broadly similar ways with regard to what they understood the illness to be, their emotional reactions to the illness, perceived illness consequences and beliefs about treatment. Significant differences were identified in their beliefs about the timeline of the illness and reported approaches to coping. CONCLUSIONS With exception of beliefs about illness timeline and an expressed preference for use of emotion-based coping, parent caregivers of the same child in early psychosis services are likely to report similar illness beliefs and caregiving reactions. Efforts to ensure staff awareness of the potential areas of divergence in parental caregiving appraisals and exploring the implications of the divergence for the caregiving relationship and patient outcomes are indicated.
- Published
- 2020
32. Emotional dysfunction in avoidant personality disorder and borderline personality disorder:A cross-sectional comparative study
- Author
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Rasmus Wentzer Licht, Maria Rodrigo-Domingo, Ole André Solbakken, Carsten René Jørgensen, Gry Kjærsdam Telléus, and Christina Frederiksen
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Jealousy ,Anger ,Affect (psychology) ,Avoidant personality disorder ,Personality Disorders ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Borderline Personality Disorder ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,Affect integration ,Emotional dysfunction ,Borderline personality disorder ,General Psychology ,media_common ,emotional dysfunction ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Personality disorders ,Confidence interval ,affect integration inventory ,Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,avoidant personality disorder ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology ,borderline personality disorder - Abstract
According to the literature, avoidant personality disorder (APD) is often overlooked in research on personality disorders. In the present study, patients with APD were compared to patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) with respect to emotional dysfunction. Emotional dysfunction was operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory. Sixty-one patients receiving treatment at specialized outpatient hospital facilities for either BPD (n = 25) or APD (n = 36) (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition) were included in a cross-sectional study. Supporting our expectations of no difference in the global capacity for affect integration between groups, the estimated difference was 0.00 (95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.53, 0.53]). On the other hand, the expected increased dysfunction in APD regarding Expression could not be confirmed. Furthermore, problems with specific affects distinguished the groups; integration of Interest was worse in APD (p = 0.01), whereas integration of Jealousy was worse in BPD (p = 0.04). In terms of prototypical modes of experiencing affects, APD was characterized by decreased access to the motivational properties of Interest (p
- Published
- 2021
33. The Relationship between Affect Integration and Psychopathology in Patients with Personality Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study
- Author
-
Rasmus Wentzer Licht, Ole André Solbakken, Maria Rodrigo-Domingo, Gry Kjærsdam Telléus, Carsten René Jørgensen, and Christina Frederiksen
- Subjects
Medicine (General) ,genetic structures ,Personality Inventory ,Cross-sectional study ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Affect (psychology) ,Personality Disorders ,Article ,Interpersonal relationship ,R5-920 ,medicine ,Humans ,Personality ,personality disorders ,media_common ,emotional dysfunction ,Conceptualization ,Personality pathology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,psychopathology ,Personality disorders ,Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,affect integration ,Psychology ,Affect Integration Inventory ,Psychopathology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Emotional dysfunction is considered a key component in personality disorders, however, only few studies have examined the relationship between the two. In this study, emotional dysfunction was operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory, and the aim was to examine the relationships between the level of affect integration and the levels of symptom distress, interpersonal problems, and personality functioning in patients diagnosed with personality disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition. Materials and Methods: Within a hospital-based psychiatric outpatient setting, 87 patients with personality disorder referred for treatment were identified for assessment with the Affect Integration Inventory and other measures (e.g., the Symptom Checklist-90, Revised, the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems 64 circumplex version, and the Severity Indices of Personality Problems). Results: The analyses revealed that problems with affect integration were strongly and statistically significantly correlated with high levels of symptom distress, interpersonal problems, and maladaptive personality functioning. Additionally, low scores on the Affect Integration Inventory regarding discrete affects were associated with distinct and differentiated patterns of interpersonal problems. Conclusion: Taken together, emotional dysfunction, as measured by the Affect Integration Inventory, appeared to be a central component of the pathological self-organization associated with personality disorder. These findings have several implications for the understanding and psychotherapeutic treatment of personality pathology. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of considering the integration of discrete affects and their specific contributions in the conceptualization and treatment of emotional dysfunction in patients with personality disorders.
- Published
- 2021
34. Emotional dysfunction associated with diabetes in Mexican adolescents and young adults with type-1 diabetes
- Author
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Lerman-Garber Israel, Barrón-Uribe Consuelo, Calzada-León Raúl, Mercado-Atri Moisés, Vidal-Tamayo Rafael, Quintana Silvia, Hernández María Elena, Ruiz-Reyes María de la Luz, Tamez-Gutiérrez Laura Elena, Nishimura-Meguro Elisa, and Villa Antonio R
- Subjects
type-1 diabetes ,emotional dysfunction ,glycemic control ,Mexico ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the emotional dysfunction associated with diabetes in Mexican young individuals with type-1 diabetes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to perform a complete clinical and psychosocial evaluation of 93 consecutive type-1 diabetes patients, aged 14 to 30 years. RESULTS: Adolescents had higher scores of emotional dysfunction related to diabetes and a diminished knowledge in diabetes-related areas. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that an inadequate emotional response to diabetes (high problem areas in diabetes or PAID scores) was mainly associated with a poor glycemic control (OR=2.9, 95% CI 0.9-9.7, p=0.09). Apprehension about the future and the possibility of serious complications had the highest mean PAID score in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS: New strategies should be developed to improve the routine care and support of young individuals with type-1 diabetes.
- Published
- 2003
35. Emotional dysfunction associated with diabetes in Mexican adolescents and young adults with type-1 diabetes Disfunción emocional asociada a diabetes en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes mexicanos con diabetes tipo 1
- Author
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Israel Lerman-Garber, Consuelo Barrón-Uribe, Raúl Calzada-León, Moisés Mercado-Atri, Rafael Vidal-Tamayo, Silvia Quintana, María Elena Hernández, María de la Luz Ruiz-Reyes, Laura Elena Tamez-Gutiérrez, Elisa Nishimura-Meguro, and Antonio R Villa
- Subjects
diabetes tipo 1 ,disfunción emocional ,control glucémico ,México ,type-1 diabetes ,emotional dysfunction ,glycemic control ,Mexico ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the emotional dysfunction associated with diabetes in Mexican young individuals with type-1 diabetes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to perform a complete clinical and psychosocial evaluation of 93 consecutive type-1 diabetes patients, aged 14 to 30 years. RESULTS: Adolescents had higher scores of emotional dysfunction related to diabetes and a diminished knowledge in diabetes-related areas. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that an inadequate emotional response to diabetes (high problem areas in diabetes or PAID scores) was mainly associated with a poor glycemic control (OR=2.9, 95% CI 0.9-9.7, p=0.09). Apprehension about the future and the possibility of serious complications had the highest mean PAID score in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS: New strategies should be developed to improve the routine care and support of young individuals with type-1 diabetes.OBJETIVO: Investigar la disfunción emocional asociada con la diabetes en jóvenes mexicanos con diabetes tipo 1. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal que incluyó la evaluación clínica y psicosocial de 93 pacientes con diabetes tipo 1 con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y los 30 años. RESULTADOS: Los adolescentes como grupo presentaron mayor disfunción emocional asociada con la diabetes y menores conocimientos en las diferentes áreas de diabetes. En un análisis de regresión logística multivariado, una respuesta emocional inadecuada (calificación alta de áreas problema en diabetes o PAID, por sus siglas en inglés), se asoció principalmente con un mal control glucémico (OR=2.9; 95% CI 0.9-9.7 p=0.09). La preocupación acerca del futuro y la posibilidad de desarrollar complicaciones se asoció con las calificaciones más altas de PAID en todos los grupos de edad. CONCLUSIONES: Es una imperiosa necesidad desarrollar nuevas estrategias que permitan mejorar el cuidado y brindar más apoyo a los jóvenes con diabetes tipo 1.
- Published
- 2003
36. The Atypicality of Self-regulation in Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder
- Author
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Yiqi Zhao, Wanyi Huang, and Yifei Huang
- Subjects
Neural activity ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,Emotional dysfunction ,Psychology ,Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder ,Clinical psychology - Published
- 2021
37. Quality of life in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: A cross-geographical comparison
- Author
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Marco Carbone, Daphne D’Amato, L. Jopson, Luca Vecchio, Sesé Pilar, Massimo Miglioretti, Lorenzo Montali, Martina Lucà, S. E. O'Donnell, A Gerussi, Clara Mancuso, Pietro Invernizzi, Andrea Gragnano, Albert Parés, Dave Jones, Anna Reig, Alessandra Frigerio, Minami Yagi, George F. Mells, Vincenzo Ronca, Atsushi Tanaka, Laura Cristoferi, Montali, L, Gragnano, A, Miglioretti, M, Frigerio, A, Vecchio, L, Gerussi, A, Cristoferi, L, Ronca, V, D’Amato, D, O’Donnell, S, Mancuso, C, Lucà, M, Yagi, M, Reig, A, Jopson, L, Pilar, S, Jones, D, Pares, A, Mells, G, Tanaka, A, Carbone, M, and Invernizzi, P
- Subjects
Factorial invariance ,Research paper ,Cholestasis ,business.industry ,Cognitive domain ,Immunology ,Mean age ,Cognition ,Autoimmunity ,RC581-607 ,Quality of life ,Liver ,Cholestasi ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,In patient ,Sun exposure ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,business ,Emotional dysfunction ,Fatigue ,Demography - Abstract
Background & aims Several symptoms impair the quality of life (QoL) of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). They are reported to vary significantly in different countries. Aim of our study was to explore whether there is a geographical clustering that accounts for symptoms in PBC. Methods Data was analysed from four cohorts of PBC patients from the UK, Spain, Japan and Italy using the PBC-27 scale. Results Overall, 569 patients from four cohorts were identified, including 515 females (90.5%) with a mean age of 61 years. The analysis provided evidence for strict factorial invariance of the scale, a robust indicator of its validity for cross-cultural research. The mean of the fatigue domain of British patients was significantly greater than that of the Japanese (p , Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is a rare liver disease characterised by several symptoms that impair quality of life; • This study includes data from questionnaires provided to individuals with PBC in Italy, Japan, Spain and United Kingdom; • It shows a clear geographical pattern of distribution of PBC-related symptoms, with a significant difference based on latitude.
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- 2021
38. Factors Predictive of Behavioural and Emotional Dysfunction in Adolescents in a Secure Children's Home
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Karen De Claire, Daniel R. Stubbings, and Rebecca Harris
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Risk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Psychological intervention ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Secure hospital ,Adolescents ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030225 pediatrics ,0502 economics and business ,medicine ,Adverse childhood experiences ,050207 economics ,education ,Adverse Childhood Experiences ,Emotional dysfunction ,media_common ,education.field_of_study ,Social work ,Public health ,05 social sciences ,Sexual abuse ,Emergency Medicine ,Original Article ,Psychology ,Welfare ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate what factors are predictive of behavioural and emotional dysfunction in adolescence. A sample of 60 young people accommodated under a welfare or youth custody service order in a UK secure children’s home between 2016 and 2018 was used. Data regarding young people’s Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE’s) history, scores on standard assessments and factors thought to indicate behavioural and emotional dysfunction were collected from file information. Correlations and regression models were used to analyse the data. Analyses found that young people in this setting had been exposed to more ACEs than the general population. Furthermore, signs of behavioural and emotional dysfunction as a result of exposure to ACE’s appeared to be present from early adolescence. It was found that exposure to verbal and sexual abuse were the greatest predictors of involvement in risk incidents. The young person’s substance misuse habits were the best predictor of the length of stay in the secure children’s home. These findings may have policy implications and highlight the need for early interventions with young people exposed to ACE’s.
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- 2020
39. Validation of the Affect Integration Inventory in a sample of patients with personality disorders: A cross-sectional study.
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Frederiksen, Christina, Solbakken, Ole André, Licht, Rasmus W., Christensen, Ann-Eva, Jørgensen, Carsten René, and Telléus, Gry Kjaersdam
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- *
PERSONALITY disorders , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *CONFIRMATORY factor analysis , *CRONBACH'S alpha , *CROSS-sectional method , *NARCISSISTIC personality disorder , *STUDENT adjustment - Abstract
Affect integration is defined as the capacity to comprehend emotional experiences as meaningful and to convert this knowledge into well-adjusted motivation, communication and behavior. Thus, affect integration is considered essential for personal adjustment and well-being, and it has been operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory. However, the validity of this questionnaire has been examined only in non-clinical respondents. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire in a sample of patients with personality disorders (n = 87). The internal structure and consistency were addressed using Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis. To determine aspects of convergent and discriminant validity, the correlations between the scores on the questionnaire and the scores on content-related questionnaires and scales were examined. Finally, scores from the clinical respondents and existing data from a previously collected non-clinical sample (n = 157) were compared to evaluate the external validity. The overall results demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, a consistent factor structure, and systematic patterns of convergent and discriminant validity. Additionally, the findings indicated that the instrument clearly differentiated the clinical sample from the non-clinical sample. • Results demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency • Consistent factor structure • Systematic patterns of convergent and discriminant validity • The AII clearly differentiated the clinical sample from the non-clinical sample [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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40. Fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction problems: Intrusive, avoidance and hyperarousal stress as key mediators.
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Falcó R, Vidal-Arenas V, Ortet-Walker J, Marzo JC, and Piqueras JA
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Background: There is mounting empirical evidence of the detrimental effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on mental health. Previous research has underscored the effects of similar destabilizing situations such as war, natural disasters or other pandemics on acute stress levels which have been shown to exacerbate current and future psychopathological symptoms., Aim: To explore the role of acute stress responses (intrusive, avoidance and hyperarousal) as mediators in the association between fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction-related problems: Depression, agoraphobia, panic, obsessive-compulsive, generalized anxiety, social anxiety and health anxiety symptoms., Methods: A sample of 439 participants from a university community in Spain (age: mean ± SD: 36.64 ± 13.37; 73.1% females) completed several measures assessing their fear of COVID-19, acute stress responses and emotional dysfunction syndromes through an online survey. Data collection was carried out from the start of home confinement in Spain until May 4, 2020, coinciding with initial de-escalation measures. Processing of the dataset included descriptive and frequency analyses, Mann-Whitney U Test of intergroup comparisons and path analysis for direct and indirect effects. This is an observational, descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study., Results: The prevalence of clinical symptoms in our sample, reported since the beginning of the pandemic, reached 31.44%. The female group presented higher scores although the effect size was small. Overall, the participants who exceeded the clinical cut-off points in emotional problems showed higher levels of fear of COVID-19 and of cognitive, motor and psychophysiological responses of acute stress, unlike the group with normative scores. In addition, the results show significant mediated effects of hyperarousal stress among fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction psychopathology. However, the clinical syndromes most related to the consequences of the pandemic ( e.g. , social contact avoidance or frequent hand washing), such as agoraphobia and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, were in fact predicted directly by fear of COVID-19 and/or the acute stress response associated with the pandemic and had a greater predictive power., Conclusion: The present study illustrates a clearer picture of the role of acute stress on several forms of psychopathology during the COVID-19 crisis and home confinement., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article., (©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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41. Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Daily Life (ACT-DL) in early psychosis
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Zuzana Kasanova, Evelyne van Aubel, Lieuwe de Haan, Thomas Vaessen, Martine van Nierop, Ruud van Winkel, Inez Myin-Germeys, Wolfgang Viechtbauer, Ulrich Reininghaus, Mark van der Gaag, Therese van Amelsvoort, Machteld Marcelis, Tim Batink, Henrietta Steinhart, Annelie Klippel, APH - Mental Health, ANS - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Adult Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology, Section Lifespan Psychology, RS-Research Line Methodology & statistics (part of IIESB program), RS-Research Line Lifespan psychology (part of IIESB program), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Promovendi MHN, RS: MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, and MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Psychiatrie (9)
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Psychological intervention ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Research & Experimental Medicine ,SOCIAL FUNCTIONING SCALE ,Acceptance and commitment therapy ,MISSING OUTCOME DATA ,law.invention ,Study Protocol ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY INTERVENTIONS ,DSM-IV ,law ,Intervention (counseling) ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Psychiatry ,mHealth ,PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,EXPERIENCE SAMPLING RESEARCH ,Mental health ,030227 psychiatry ,3. Good health ,CHILDHOOD TRAUMA ,Distress ,PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES ,Medicine, Research & Experimental ,EMOTIONAL DYSFUNCTION ,business ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,ULTRA-HIGH-RISK ,Psychopathology - Abstract
BackgroundPsychotic experiences, social functioning and general psychopathology are important targets for early intervention in individuals with Ultra-High-Risk state (UHR) and a first-episode psychosis (FEP). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a promising, next-generation Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) that aims to modify these targets, but evidence on sustainable change and its underlying mechanisms in individuals’ daily lives remains limited. The aim of the INTERACT study is to investigate the efficacy of a novel ecological momentary intervention, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Daily Life (ACT-DL) in a multi-centre randomised controlled trial of individuals with UHR or FEP.Methods/designIn a multi-centre randomised controlled trial, individuals aged 16–65 years with UHR or FEP will be randomly allocated to ACT-DL in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) as the experimental condition or a control condition of TAU only, which will include – for the entire study period – access to routine mental health care and, where applicable, CBT for psychosis (CBTp). Outcomes will be assessed at baseline (i.e. before randomisation), post-intervention (i.e. after the 8-week intervention period), and 6-month and 12-month follow-ups (i.e. 6 and 12 months after completing the intervention period) by blinded assessors. The primary outcome will be distress associated with psychotic experiences, while secondary outcomes will include (momentary) psychotic experiences, social functioning and psychopathology. Process measures to assess putative mechanisms of change will include psychological flexibility, stress sensitivity and reward experiences. In addition, acceptability, treatment adherence and treatment fidelity of ACT-DL will be assessed.DiscussionThe current study is the first to test the efficacy of ACT-DL in individuals with UHR and FEP. If this trial demonstrates the efficacy of ACT-DL, it has the potential to significantly advance the treatment of people with UHR and FEP and, more generally, provides initial support for implementing mHealth interventions in mental health services.Trial registrationNetherlands Trial Register, ID:NTR4252. Registered on 26 September 2013.
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- 2019
42. Behavioral and Emotional Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease
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Matteo Bologna, Lucia Ricciardi, and Aristide Merola
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Parkinson's disease ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,Neuroscience (miscellaneous) ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Editorial ,Medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Emotional dysfunction ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Clinical psychology - Published
- 2019
43. The contribution of brain imaging to the understanding of psychopathy
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Ben J. Harrison, Jesús Pujol, Narcís Cardoner, and Oren Contreras-Rodríguez
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Psychopathy ,Precuneus ,Neuroimaging ,Temporal lobe ,03 medical and health sciences ,Neurologia ,Functional connectivity ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Antisocial behavior ,Prefrontal cortex ,Applied Psychology ,Cerebral Cortex ,Antisocial personality disorder ,Emotional dysfunction ,Brain ,Moral dilemmas ,Antisocial Personality Disorder ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Functional imaging ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Frontal lobe ,Mental illness ,Posterior cingulate ,Psychology ,Malalties mentals ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,MRI - Abstract
Psychopathy is a personality type characterized by both callous emotional dysfunction and deviant behavior that affects society in the form of actions that harm others. Historically, researchers have been concerned with seeking data and arguments to support a neurobiological foundation of psychopathy. In the past few years, increasing research has begun to reveal brain alterations putatively underlying the enigmatic psychopathic personality. In this review, we describe the brain anatomical and functional features that characterize psychopathy from a synthesis of available neuroimaging research and discuss how such brain anomalies may account for psychopathic behavior. The results are consistent in showing anatomical alterations involving primarily a ventral system connecting the anterior temporal lobe to anterior and ventral frontal areas, and a dorsal system connecting the medial frontal lobe to the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus complex and, in turn, to medial structures of the temporal lobe. Functional imaging data indicate that relevant emotional flow breakdown may occur in both these brain systems and suggest specific mechanisms via which emotion is anomalously integrated into cognition in psychopathic individuals during moral challenge. Directions for future research are delineated emphasizing, for instance, the relevance of further establishing the contribution of early life stress to a learned blockage of emotional self-exposure, and the potential role of androgenic hormones in the development of cortical anomalies.
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- 2019
44. Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): III. Emotional dysfunction superspectrum.
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Watson D, Levin-Aspenson HF, Waszczuk MA, Conway CC, Dalgleish T, Dretsch MN, Eaton NR, Forbes MK, Forbush KT, Hobbs KA, Michelini G, Nelson BD, Sellbom M, Slade T, South SC, Sunderland M, Waldman I, Witthöft M, Wright AGC, Kotov R, and Krueger RF
- Abstract
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a quantitative nosological system that addresses shortcomings of traditional mental disorder diagnoses, including arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, frequent disorder co-occurrence, substantial heterogeneity within disorders, and diagnostic unreliability over time and across clinicians. This paper reviews evidence on the validity and utility of the internalizing and somatoform spectra of HiTOP, which together provide support for an emotional dysfunction superspectrum. These spectra are composed of homogeneous symptom and maladaptive trait dimensions currently subsumed within multiple diagnostic classes, including depressive, anxiety, trauma-related, eating, bipolar, and somatic symptom disorders, as well as sexual dysfunction and aspects of personality disorders. Dimensions falling within the emotional dysfunction superspectrum are broadly linked to individual differences in negative affect/neuroticism. Extensive evidence establishes that dimensions falling within the superspectrum share genetic diatheses, environmental risk factors, cognitive and affective difficulties, neural substrates and biomarkers, childhood temperamental antecedents, and treatment response. The structure of these validators mirrors the quantitative structure of the superspectrum, with some correlates more specific to internalizing or somatoform conditions, and others common to both, thereby underlining the hierarchical structure of the domain. Compared to traditional diagnoses, the internalizing and somatoform spectra demonstrated substantially improved utility: greater reliability, larger explanatory and predictive power, and greater clinical applicability. Validated measures are currently available to implement the HiTOP system in practice, which can make diagnostic classification more useful, both in research and in the clinic., (© 2022 World Psychiatric Association.)
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- 2022
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45. Characterizing Positive and Negative Emotional Experiences in Young Adults With Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms
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Sarah E. Victor, E. David Klonsky, and Carol Chu
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Clinical interview ,050103 clinical psychology ,05 social sciences ,Multilevel model ,medicine.disease ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,030227 psychiatry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Clinical Psychology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,mental disorders ,Positive emotion ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Young adult ,Emotional dysfunction ,Psychology ,Borderline personality disorder ,Negative emotion ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Objectives Some researchers suggest that borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by elevated negative emotion; others argue that BPD involves both reduced positive and increased negative emotion. This study characterizes the emotional experiences of individuals with BPD symptoms in a combined university and community sample. Method Participants (N = 150) completed a clinical interview assessing BPD symptoms and self-report measures of positive and negative emotion. A subset (n = 106) completed a measure of emotion daily for 2 weeks. Pearson's correlations and multilevel modeling were used to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between BPD symptoms and emotions. Results BPD symptoms were robustly related to increased negative emotion; this relationship remained after accounting for positive emotion. BPD symptoms were weakly related to decreased positive emotion; this relationship was no longer significant after accounting for negative emotion. BPD symptoms predicted higher levels of negative and not positive emotion over 14 days. These patterns held for subscales assessing intensity, frequency, and duration of negative and positive emotions. Conclusion Findings suggest that individuals with BPD features are chiefly distinguished by elevated negative emotional experience.
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- 2016
46. Mechanisms of tactile sensory deterioration amongst the elderly
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Charles El Rawadi, Lionel Breton, Céline Farcet, Martin Arvidsson, Lisa Skedung, Gustavo S. Luengo, and Mark W. Rutland
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Aging ,friction ,tactile discrimination ,lcsh:Medicine ,02 engineering and technology ,Audiology ,Somatosensory system ,finger ,0302 clinical medicine ,0203 mechanical engineering ,moisture ,Skin Physiological Phenomena ,Naturvetenskap ,Medicine ,lcsh:Science ,Emotional dysfunction ,media_common ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,article ,Tactile acuity ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,aged ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Touch Perception ,Female ,Natural Sciences ,Adult ,skin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sensory system ,Texture perception ,Article ,Fingers ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Perception ,Humans ,controlled study ,human ,deterioration ,Aged ,Tactile discrimination ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,quality of life ,Touch ,elasticity ,lcsh:Q ,business ,rehydration ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
It is known that roughness-smoothness, hardness-softness, stickiness-slipperiness and warm-cold are predominant perceptual dimensions in macro-, micro- and nano- texture perception. However, it is not clear to what extent active tactile texture discrimination remains intact with age. The general decrease in tactile ability induces physical and emotional dysfunction in elderly, and has increasing significance for an aging population. We report a method to quantify tactile acuity based on blinded active exploration of systematically varying micro-textured surfaces and a same-different paradigm. It reveals that elderly participants show significantly reduced fine texture discrimination ability. The elderly group also displays statistically lower finger friction coefficient, moisture and elasticity, suggesting a link. However, a subpopulation of the elderly retains discrimination ability irrespective of cutaneous condition and this can be related to a higher density of somatosensory receptors on the finger pads. Skin tribology is thus not the primary reason for decline of tactile discrimination with age. The remediation of cutaneous properties through rehydration, however leads to a significantly improved tactile acuity. This indicates unambiguously that neurological tactile loss can be temporarily compensated by restoring the cutaneous contact mechanics. Such mechanical restoration of tactile ability has the potential to increase the quality of life in elderly.
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- 2018
47. Sistema de neuronas en espejo y TEA: estudio bibliométrico
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Rosa María Rivas Torres, Santiago López Gómez, Eva María Taboada Ares, and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación
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Etiology ,LC8-6691 ,Sistema de neuronas en espejo ,Emotional dysfunction ,General Medicine ,Disfunción emocional ,Special aspects of education ,BF1-990 ,Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ,Etiología ,Trastorno del espectro del autismo (TEA) ,Psychology ,Mirror neurons system - Abstract
Se analizan, desde una perspectiva bibliométrica, las relaciones entre el sistema de neuronas en espejo y el TEA. Observamos que se ha pasado de escasos estudios a una media que supera los 50 estudios por año. Los mismos tienen, a su vez, una muy alta tasa de citación, pues recogiendo únicamente los 10 primeros trabajos citados todos ellos superan las 200 citas. Concretamente, en los 455 trabajos encontrados sobresalen las 15.449 citas. Este hecho describe un panorama de trabajo y una temática muy actuales, con importantes implicaciones no solo de cara a la etiología del TEA, sino también en su vertiente interventiva The relations between the mirror neuron system and the ASD are analyzed from a bibliometric perspective. We observe that it has been reduced from a few studies to an average that exceeds 50 studies per year. They have, in turn, a very high citation rate, since collecting only the first 10 cited works all of them exceed 200 citations. Specifically, in the 455 works found the 15,449 citations stand out. This fact describes a very current work and topic panorama, with important implications not only for the etiology of ASD, but also for its interventional aspect SI
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- 2017
48. Sistema de neuronas en espejo y TEA: estudio bibliométrico
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Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación, López Gómez, Santiago, Rivas Torres, Rosa María, Taboada Ares, Eva María, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación, López Gómez, Santiago, Rivas Torres, Rosa María, and Taboada Ares, Eva María
- Abstract
Se analizan, desde una perspectiva bibliométrica, las relaciones entre el sistema de neuronas en espejo y el TEA. Observamos que se ha pasado de escasos estudios a una media que supera los 50 estudios por año. Los mismos tienen, a su vez, una muy alta tasa de citación, pues recogiendo únicamente los 10 primeros trabajos citados todos ellos superan las 200 citas. Concretamente, en los 455 trabajos encontrados sobresalen las 15.449 citas. Este hecho describe un panorama de trabajo y una temática muy actuales, con importantes implicaciones no solo de cara a la etiología del TEA, sino también en su vertiente interventiva, The relations between the mirror neuron system and the ASD are analyzed from a bibliometric perspective. We observe that it has been reduced from a few studies to an average that exceeds 50 studies per year. They have, in turn, a very high citation rate, since collecting only the first 10 cited works all of them exceed 200 citations. Specifically, in the 455 works found the 15,449 citations stand out. This fact describes a very current work and topic panorama, with important implications not only for the etiology of ASD, but also for its interventional aspect
- Published
- 2017
49. Pattern Separation: A Potential Marker of Impaired Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis in Major Depressive Disorder
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Kellen Gandy, Sohye Kim, Carla Sharp, Lilian Dindo, Mirjana Maletic-Savatic, and Chadi Calarge
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0301 basic medicine ,Perseveration ,Stimulus (physiology) ,Hippocampal formation ,Acceptance and commitment therapy ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Developmental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Hypothesis and Theory ,medicine ,pattern separation ,dentate gyrus ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,emotional dysfunction ,major depressive disorder ,General Neuroscience ,Dentate gyrus ,Neurogenesis ,Cognition ,medicine.disease ,neurogenesis ,030104 developmental biology ,Major depressive disorder ,medicine.symptom ,RDoC matrix ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,psychological inflexibility ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Adult neurogenesis involves the generation of new neurons, particularly in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Decreased hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in both animal models of depression and in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), despite some inconsistency in the literature. Here, we build upon current models to generate a new testable hypothesis, linking impaired neurogenesis to downstream psychological outcomes commonly observed in MDD. We contend that disruption in adult neurogenesis impairs pattern separation, a hippocampus-dependent function requiring the careful discrimination and storage of highly similar, but not identical, sensory inputs. This, in turn, can affect downstream processing and response selection, of relevance to emotional wellbeing. Specifically, disrupted pattern separation leads to misperceived stimuli (i.e., stimulus confusion), triggering the selection and deployment of established responses inappropriate for the actual stimuli. We speculate that this may be akin to activation of automatic thoughts, described in the Cognitive Behavior Theory of MDD. Similarly, this impaired ability to discriminate information at a fundamental sensory processing level (e.g., impaired pattern separation) could underlie impaired psychological flexibility, a core component of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy of MDD. We propose that research is needed to test this model by examining the relationship between cognitive functioning (e.g., pattern separation ability), psychological processes (e.g., perseveration and psychological inflexibility), and neurogenesis, taking advantage of emerging magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based imaging that measures neurogenesis in-vivo.
- Published
- 2017
50. Too Much of a Good Thing: Curvilinear Effect of the Positivity Ratio on Emotional Dysfunction and Perceived Resources in Adolescent Females
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H. Matthew Lehrer, Katherine C Janus, Christian T. Gloria, and Mary A. Steinhardt
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050103 clinical psychology ,Social connectedness ,Flourishing ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,Mental health ,Social support ,mental disorders ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychological resilience ,Set (psychology) ,Emotional dysfunction ,Psychology ,psychological phenomena and processes ,Depressive symptoms ,media_common ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background: The benefits of a broadened mind set across moments of positivity accumulate over time and build enduring personal resources. Positivity can transform one’s life for the better, enhancing health and building greater resilience to adversity. Evidence is strong that positivity is a key active ingredient in flourishing mental health, however, less is known about the upper limit of positivity for optimal functioning. Aim: This study examined if exceedingly high positivity ratios – experienced positive to negative emotions – were associated with increased emotional dysfunction (stress, depressive symptoms) and downturned perceived personal (resilience, hope) and environmental (social support, school connectedness) resources. Methods: Participants (N=510) attending an all-girls public school completed a survey assessing positive/negative emotions (the positivity ratio), emotional dysfunction, and perceived personal and environmental resources. Linear and quadratic regression equations for the relationship between the positivity ratio and emotional dysfunction and perceived resources were modeled and compared. Results: The relationships between the positivity ratio and both emotional dysfunction and perceived resources were best fit by quadratic equations, indicative of enhanced functioning up to a point, beyond which functioning decreased at the highest levels of positivity. Conclusion: More frequent experiences of positive emotions and/or less frequent experiences of negative emotions are adaptive, within bounds, in promoting emotional functioning and helping adolescents perceive greater availability of personal and environmental resources.
- Published
- 2017
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