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The paper is set within the methodological framework of the Territorial Impact Assessment (TIA) process, which is an instrument designed to facilitate sustainable and cohesive policy-making choices at the European level. The article is developed within the context of a European H2020-RICE cooperative project, which utilises the STeMA (Sustainable Territorial Economic/Environmental Management Approach) TIA methodology to investigate the potential relationship between statistical economic indicators, specifically Gross Domestic Product, and related parameters (metadata), and Earth Observation (EO) data. The objective is to provide evidence of socioeconomic trends during the Coronavirus 2019 pandemic in the Lazio Region (Italy), with a particular focus on the metropolitan area of the Rome capital city Rome. In line with the pertinent European context and the scientific literature on the subject, the paper examines the potential for combining classical and Earth observation indicators to assess macroeconomic dimensions of development, specifically in terms of gross domestic product (GDP). The results of the analysis indicate the presence of certain correlations between grey data and EO information. The STeMA-TIA approach allows for the measurement and correlation of both qualitative and quantitative statistical indicators with typological functional areas (in accordance with European Commission-EC and Committee of Ministers responsible for Spatial/Regional Planning—CEMAT guidance) at the NUTS (Nomenclature des unités territoriales statistiques) 2 and 3 levels. This facilitates the territorialisation of information, enabling the indirect comparison of data with satellite data and economic trends. A time series of data was gathered and organised for the purpose of facilitating comparison between different periods, beginning with 2019 and extending to the present day. In order to measure and monitor the evolution of the selected territorial economies (the Lazio Region), a synthetic index (or composite indicator) was developed in the economic and epidemic dimensions. This index combines single values of indicators according to a specific STeMA methodology. It is important to note that there are some critical observations to be made about the impact on GDP, due to the discrepancy between the indicators in the two fields of observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potentially limiting nature of central bank mandates, together with non-existent standards to assess the impact of climate risks used to inhibit the incorporation of climate change considerations in central bank decisions. This paper analyses how, despite these challenges, climate change risk analysis spread among central banks by examining 941 European financial stability reports of 38 central banks in Europe and their source references. We show that the Dutch and Belgian central banks pioneered significant engagement with climate change risk in financial stability reports, followed by central banks in other Eurozone countries. Then the ECB stepped in, aggregated novel research methods into an accepted analytical framework, and moved to the centre of the stage of the process. Our analysis indicates that various types of proximity played a significant role in the spread of climate friendly central bank mandate interpretations and analytical techniques, but the engagement of a central player was crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose –Tourism development can provide a sustainable path through which to diversify the economy. The aim of this research is 1) to assess the current economic diversification of a potential tourism region in an emerging economy, that of the Ulytau region of Kazakhstan; 2) to detail the impediments to economic diversification through tourism development, and 3) to recommend ways to foster economic diversification. Methodology/Design/Approach – The research uses secondary data to assess the current situation of the region and in-depth interviews with tourism and economic development experts to understand the current obstacles to economic diversification. Findings – This rural region of Kazakhstan is relatively concentrated in terms of its economic diversification and investment in infrastructure such roads, airports, and telecommunication as well as marking and promotion of the natural and cultural attractions will be a path to diversify the economy through tourism development. Originality of the research – This research uses evolutionary economic geography as a useful framework through which to view how destinations change over time. The research provides a model through which other destinations, dominated by non-renewable resource extraction can pivot towards tourism as a way to diversify the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigaciones Regionales is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Ciencia Regional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we investigate population agglomeration in a long narrow economy, in which an odd number of places are evenly distributed over a line segment. The bifurcation analysis of this economy elucidates the mechanism of the emergence of twin cities around the central city. The validity and usefulness of this analysis are confirmed using several well-known economic geography models that display various kinds of bifurcation behaviors. By this analysis, we investigate the historical change in the population distribution in a chain of cities on Japan's Main Island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic, financial, and spatial analytical models are known to be integral parts of large territorial works and plans. Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) and, newly, Territorial Impact Assessment (TIA) and Do Not Significant Harms principle (DNSH) are required to support the decision-making and evaluation process underlying climate change, initial strategic investment confirmation and final reporting. Looking at them from an economic-geographical perspective and drawing inspiration from ongoing experiences in Europe and Italy, methodological and operational guidelines are suggested in the paper to address this issue, so that both the environmental and social costs are reflected in the costs/prices/returns and in the mitigation of the public works impacts, creating a strong link between economy, territory, and environment, so that externalities can become internalities. The underlying thesis is that, knowing the territorial impacts generated by the TIA and the sustainable consistency of the project with the DNSH taxonomy, it is possible to adopt compensatory and mitigation actions, including in the related CBAs; and, at the same time, to minimise the costs resulting from the lack of policy coordination in territorial action between regional and local plans, both horizontal and vertical, when large infrastructure projects come from top-down decision as in the case of Recovery and Resilience Facility plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkic Studies Journal is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic insight into the socio-economic aspects of the last two economic crises in Slovenia: the Economic crisis between 2009 and 2013, and the COVID-19 crisis in 2020. A three-stage territorial model was developed as a theoretical tool for this study. The data for the analyses came from various statistical sources and from the available literature. The socio-economic aspects of both economic crises were analysed in 11 categories and at three territorial levels: macro (national), meso (regional) and micro (locational). Both economic crises differ fundamentally in many aspects. Compared to the Economic crisis, the COVID-19 crisis was much shorter and less severe, and had relatively little impact on the socio-economic structure of Slovenia and its regions. Both economic crises had some common features: reduction of interregional disparities and different development paths of regions during the crisis, as well as strong economic growth in the first year of recovery. The proposed model can be extended by additional territorial levels and by adding additional social and political-geographical aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we analyze the role of pollution for industry location and residence choice. We present a new economic geography (NEG) model in which manufacturing generates local pollution (that does not accumulate) and uses two types of labour input: unskilled workers that cannot migrate and work where they live; and high-skilled entrepreneurs that choose where to produce and where to live. Taking on board costless commuting or, in alternative, distance working, entrepreneurs can live in a different location from production. Both types of households enjoy utility from consuming all commodities (locally and imported variants) and suffer from local pollution. The resulting model is of the footloose entrepreneur variant, but involves two dynamic equations: the standard one governing the residential choice of entrepreneurs, and another one governing where production is located. The current paper analyses the discrete time dynamic process defined by a two-dimensional piecewise smooth map. Depending on parameters this map can have possibly coexisting attractors of various types (fixed points, cycles, closed curves as well as chaotic attractors). We analytically obtain stability conditions for the fixed points. Using numerical methods we describe also some global dynamic properties of the considered map. Finally, we propose an economic interpretation of the results concerning local stability analysis and global dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional green energy technological innovation is an important means to alleviate economic–environmental contradictions. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms of green finance, financial technology, and regional green energy technological innovation. In this study, we constructed dual machine learning models, spatial econometric models, and panel threshold effect models to investigate the effects of green finance and financial technology on regional green energy technological innovation, using panel data from 266 cities nationwide from 2009 to 2021. The research findings are as follows: (1) Both green finance and financial technology significantly promote regional green energy technological innovation. (2) Based on a spatial weight matrix embedded in economic geography, both green finance and financial technology generate positive spatial spillover effects on regional green energy technological innovation. (3) The interaction between green finance and financial technology significantly contributes to regional green energy technological innovation. Financial technology can strengthen the positive local and neighboring effects of green finance on regional green energy technological innovation. (4) Based on the threshold effect of financial technology, green finance cannot significantly promote regional green energy technological innovation when financial technology is in an underdeveloped stage. With the advancement of financial technology, green finance continues to have a positive impact on regional green energy technological innovation. Based on this analysis and our conclusions, we propose practical policy recommendations that can provide a more sustainable approach to green energy technology innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business incubators (BIs) in China have predominantly exhibited a government-led characteristic, recently broadening their spatial and temporal scope and extending reach to the county level. Regarding the inadequacies of county-level analysis scale, this study leverages Points of Interest (POI) big data to overcome them. To comprehend the governmental rationale in the construction of BIs, we examine the evolution dynamics of BIs in conjunction with policies. An economic geography framework is developed, conceptualizing BIs as quasi-public goods and productive services, and incorporating considerations of county-level fiscal operations and industrial structures. Focusing on the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region as a case study, our findings reveal that over 98% of County Administrative Units (CAUs) have built BIs. Using kernel density estimation and Moran's I, the spatial patterns of CAUs are identified. The CAUs are further classified into three categories of economic levels using the k-means algorithm, uncovering differentiated relationships between industry, finance, and their respective BI. Additionally, we analyze the density relationship between BIs and other facilities at a micro-level, showcasing various site selection rationales. The discussions highlight that while BIs tend to align with wealthier areas and advanced industries, affluent CAUs offer location advantages on BIs, whereas less wealthy CAUs prioritize quantity for political achievements. This paper concludes with recommendations about aligning BIs based on conditions and outlooks on future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industries, firms, and capital are geographically concentrated in the core regions of the countries which leads to regional disparities. Türkiye, as a developing country, suffers from high regional disparities, especially regarding east-west duality. In this context, this study analyzes the spatial concentration of the top firms in the regions of Türkiye (81 NUTS 3) in the 1999-2019 period, using the İstanbul Chamber of Industry’s top 500 and second 500 companies’ datasets. As one of the few studies conducted in this field, this study reveals important results. The differences regarding the spatial concentration of capital accumulation are decreasing in Türkiye; however, the level of capital accumulation disparities is quite uneven and high. The number of top firms is decreasing in the core regions of Türkiye, namely İstanbul (535 to 321), Ankara (73 to 58), and İzmir (104 to 76). Considering the decline in Turkey's largest companies, it is clear that these losses indicate a large loss of industrial assets. On the other hand, the number of firms among the top 1000 firms is increasing in the regions called Anatolian Tigers, namely Gaziantep (17 to 61), Kayseri (16 to 28), Sakarya (4 to 14) and Konya (10 to 22). The analyses show that the east-west duality has not changed but is restructured with the emergence of the New Industrial Spaces of Türkiye. It can be said that the areas where capital is concentrated have changed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a conceptual framework proposal for integrating urban freight initiatives (UFIs), or city logistics initiatives, into urban planning and urban management (UPUM) land use and infrastructure systems. As a novel approach, this framework integrates three components: Firstly, a conceptual basis on three economic geography theory principles—location, agglomeration, and urbanisation. Secondly, spatial analysis and subsequent clustering integrate companies' spatial positions, their proximity to other companies, their freight intensity, and the characteristics of the zonal road infrastructure; these clusters are defined as freight traffic zones (FTZs). Thirdly, a functional yet strategic UFI clustering or grouping is proposed to work in an optimised and integrated manner with the FTZs' opportunities for efficiency and reduced externalities. It is expected that the integrated result of these three components can serve to optimise freight initiatives and road infrastructure from a city governance perspective, reduce freight externalities, and function as a stakeholder cooperation tool from government-led, policy-driven perspectives. This research also identifies and characterises various variables influencing the emergence and existence (planned or organic) of FTZs and shows how these could be incorporated into high-level UPUM processes. Although it is deemed that the principles and methodological approach followed here could be common to urban areas, an example for the Metropolitan Area of the Aburra Valley (MAAV), in Colombia, is presented as an initial case study. Conclusively, this paper introduces a pioneering methodology for integrating UFIs into city or metropolitan governance, offering guidance for policymakers to promote sustainable freight systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how geography matters for the location of industries in East Asia, employing regression analyses on a novel and comprehensive regional GDP dataset. This study examines how geography affects industrial location patterns, particularly the role of infrastructure, such as ports and airports. This paper analyzes the current economic geography of East Asia using the novel dataset. The regression analyses utilize location quotients as the dependent variable and incorporate explanatory variables, such as domestic/foreign market access, per capita income, population density, and distance-based dummies for ports and airports. The findings reveal that the determinants of industrial location differ significantly across industries. The relative importance of domestic versus foreign market access and proximity to ports and airports varies across sectors. The results imply that countries/regions cannot easily host industries of their choice, as different industries require distinct locational characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzed the variations in the economic sectors of the municipalities of Mato Grosso State in Brazil, between 2005 and 2020, investigating their levels and rates of growth. Using estimates of the Economic Growth Level Indicators (INC) and Economic Growth Rate Indicators (IRC), based on Gross Value Added (GVA) per capita by sector and resident population, a reduction in the dynamism of the agricultural sector was identified in comparison with other segments. On the other hand, services made significant progress, being the segment with the highest proportion of municipalities classified as developing in expansion. Industry, on the other hand, showed resilience, being predominant in many developing municipalities and presenting the lowest proportion of depressed municipalities. This heterogeneity highlights the need for public policies that promote balanced and sustainable development throughout the Mato Grosso State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted supply chains and caused wide market disorders. Its disastrous impact on the world economy exposed the vulnerability of globalized production systems and led to discussions on the responses to such a crisis. These responses, including a new global spatial organization of supply chains, challenged our conceptual understanding, assumptions, and application of location theory in the spatial organization of economic activities. Through reviewing the literature, we outlined the pandemic's profound economic disruption and identified firms' applicable responsive strategies through Industry 4.0 solutions and management adaptions. Then based on the responses of technological upgrading we speculated possible changes in regional industrial location, such as suburbanization of small manufacturers and service providers, growth of industrial agglomerations in the logistic hubs and corridors and increase of high-tech manufacturers and innovation networks in urban centers. Finally, we pointed out the challenges to industrial location studies and suggested updating methodology and topics - using network analysis, behavioral theory, and agglomeration theory - for location studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the tourism economy, causing a severe global shock and effects on tourism mobility unevenly geographically distributed across regions. This paper detects changes in the global tourism flows network (GTN) in the period 2018-2020 due to COVID-19 and explains the GTN dynamics from a network science perspective. The analysis reveals the effect of underlying economic geography, as the pandemic introduced a new social distancing friction that induced centrifugal forces to the tourism network. The network’s topological pattern was described by small-world network characteristics before the pandemic outbreak, while during the pandemic there was a statistically significant reshape into more lattice-like characteristics accompanied by peripheral markets expansion of local hierarchy. The findings also demonstrate a reduction in the number of tourism flows and spatial connectivity, a simplification of the macroeconomic travel behavior, and a resilient performance of the main tourism hubs shaping and a distinctive core-periphery network structure. Overall, this paper contributes to a better understanding of the response of tourism mobility to the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial Organization, the Resource-Based View, and the Relational View are some classical, well-established, and widely accepted theories in the strategic management domain regarding the understanding, explanation, and prediction of competitive advantage of firms and above-average firm performance. Recent evidence of economic geography and regional economics added to this stream of research new perspectives like cluster theory and microeconomic competitiveness. Despite the high enthusiasm with which companies and policymakers embraced the new advancements, there is some contradictory evidence regarding the positive effect of local conditions on firm performance. Thus, in this paper, we aim to empirically test some aspects of a modern regional development theory, proposed mainly by Michael Porter and collaborators, and the impact of these aspects on firm performance. External determinants considered at three levels of analysis (local economy, local clusters, and industry) will be investigated in relation to firm performance. We will analyze empirical data through detailed correlational analyses and by building multilinear regression models. After the statistical analysis of the answers provided directly by 67 medium and large manufacturing companies operating in Romania, we will provide empirical support for some external determinants, while for other determinants, we will show that the data rejected the proposed associations. The main conclusion derived from this study is that different combinations of external determinants, considered at all three levels of analysis, have a positive and significant effect on different measures of firm performance. The findings in our paper are important for both regional economics and the strategic management literature, suggesting the importance of creating local or urban conditions depending on the type of performance that the firms in the local economy are underperforming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industries, firms, and capital are geographically concentrated in the core regions of the countries which leads to regional disparities. Türkiye, as a developing country, suffers from high regional disparities, especially regarding east-west duality. In this context, this study analyzes the spatial concentration of the top firms in the regions of Türkiye (81 NUTS 3) in the 1999-2019 period, using the İstanbul Chamber of Industry’s top 500 and second 500 companies’ datasets. As one of the few studies conducted in this field, this study reveals important results. The differences regarding the spatial concentration of capital accumulation are decreasing in Türkiye; however, the level of capital accumulation disparities is quite uneven and high. The number of top firms is decreasing in the core regions of Türkiye, namely İstanbul (535 to 321), Ankara (73 to 58), and İzmir (104 to 76). Considering the decline in Turkey's largest companies, it is clear that these losses indicate a large loss of industrial assets. On the other hand, the number of firms among the top 1000 firms is increasing in the regions called Anatolian Tigers, namely Gaziantep (17 to 61), Kayseri (16 to 28), Sakarya (4 to 14) and Konya (10 to 22). The analyses show that the east-west duality has not changed but is restructured with the emergence of the New Industrial Spaces of Türkiye. It can be said that the areas where capital is concentrated have changed.

This article aims to uncover two main features of ‘re-industrialisation’ in Central and Eastern Europe: the reconfiguration of the economic geography in Northwest Romania and the multiple ways in which the Romanian working class is being integrated into the new economy. Post-socialist shifts towards a low-skilled, flexible, and generally insecure economy have underlined the need for cheap, easily disposable labour, and the emergence of the new economic geography has changed the accumulation of capital in the region and the patterns of labour mobility. Despite massive migration, many have continued to work in the region or have combined migration periods with work close to home. This study explores the different mobilities individuals engage in and seeks to understand why some workers choose to stay and live in the region and how the available opportunities for workers aiming to stay in the region influence their prospects. This study traces the patterns of labour commuting and how this is structured by individuals’ strategies and motivations, as well as the social relationships that support this work. The article analyses labour commuting to two major industrial hubs in the region: one which manufactures aerospace components, and one that produces medical textiles. Both companies are foreign-owned and concentrate a significant proportion of the region’s workforce. The micro-dynamics revealed will contribute to understanding the patterns of work in the specific form of re-industrialisation in contemporary Romania.

Günümüz ekonomik politikaları, kırsal alanı ihmal ederek kent odaklı ekonomik kalkınma ve mekânsal planlama yaklaşımını öncelemiştir. Ekonomik ve toplumsal gelişme dinamikleri üzerinden kalkınma süreçlerini açıklamaya çalışan bu yaklaşımlar, kırsalı ihmal ederek kırsalın kentler karşısında dezavantajlı konuma itilmesine yol açmıştır. Bu durum, son otuz yılda öngörü olmaktan çıkarak somutlaşan çevresel değişimlerle olağanüstü olayların artmasına, tarımsal faaliyetlerin niteliğinin ve ekolojik değerlerin azalmasına neden olmuştur. Bu süreçte ihmal edilen kırsal karakterli yerleşmeler ekonomik kalkınma yaklaşımlarının merkezinde değerlendirilmeye başlanmıştır. Kırsal ve kentsel yerleşim alanlarının art bölgeleri olarak tanımlanan doğal arazilerin planlama mekanizmasına konu edilerek, yerleşim alanları ile çevresi arasındaki ilişkilerin bağıntısal bir biçimde kurulması yoluyla sürdürülebilir bir anlayışın hâkim kılınması temel argümanlardan biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu durum yerin tekliği ve biricikliği ile kopyalanması mümkün olmayan yeteneklerinin ön plana çıkarılmasına odaklanan ekonomik coğrafya yaklaşımları bağlamında, sanayi ve hizmetler sektörlerindeki gelişme dinamiklerinin kırsal alanlar üzerinde yoğunlaşması gerekliliğini de gündeme getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada tarımsal üretimde önemli bir yere sahip olan Konya kırsalında niteliksel ve niceliksel verilere dayalı yeni ekonomik mekânların tespitine yönelik çalışma yürütülmüştür. Konya il bütünü 1km2 ‘lik gridlere bölünerek Coğrafi Bilgi Sisteminden (CBS) her bir grid alana düşen toprak niteliği ve ikamete dayalı nüfus tespit edilmiştir. Grid alanlara tanımlanan ÇKS (Çiftçi Kayıt Sistemi) bitkisel üretim verileri Moran I analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen tarımsal kümeleşme haritalarıyla, tarımsal üretimi etkileyen diğer veriler bir araya getirilerek sentez işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Sentez işleminde tarımsal üretim yönüyle öne çıkan KUA’nın elde edimini sağlanmıştır. Buradan elde edilen bulgularla, farklı kaynaklara sahip farklı coğrafyalarda, mekasal planlamanın kırsal kalkınma çalışmalarına sağlayabileceği katkı vurgulanmıştır.

The article studies evolution of main approaches to the study of regional economy. Over the past half a century, the research paradigm in the area of economic sciences has undergone significant changes: the theories of regional economics have changed, significantly evolving, complementing, and mutually reinforcing each other. The original objectives of regional economic research have changed, responding to modern challenges of the world community development and global crisis phenomena. As a result, as shown in the article, in recent years focus of research has shifted significantly towards analyzing strategic aspects and directions of regional development, as a result of which the relevant concepts have become less economics-centric. An important pattern of modernity has also become a new wave of scientific and technological progress, which determined regional innovation systems development and their subsequent digital transformation that also put a significant imprint on the paradigm of regional economy research.

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the impact of reshoring, defined as the relocation of previously offshored production activities back to the home country or to a neighbouring country, on the productivity of manufacturing firms. It uses data from the European Reshoring Monitor on European firms in the period 2014–18. Reshoring increased total factor productivity of small and medium-sized firms, but did not affect productivity of large firms. The positive effect was stronger for firms that had offshored production to some Asian countries.

This study explores the lived phenomenon of customer experience (CX) across the customer decision journey of two divergent segments of customers in a naturalistic environment. Specifically, the study focusses on understanding the similarities and differences with respect to—(a) dimensions of CX, (b) consequences of CX, (c) moderators of CX, and (d) situating CX in customer decision journey. The findings are in congruence with the various theories from cognitive psychology, environmental psychology, and economic geography. The findings contribute to existing research that is primarily focussed on conceptualizing and measuring CX by providing an in-depth analysis of its formation for these two customer segments. Managers can utilize the findings to identify these touchpoints that lead to relevant customer responses. In all, the propositions drawn from the study findings are assimilated in the theoretical framework that adds to the nascent research on CX and customer decision journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Despite the decriminalization of abortion in Nepal in 2002, unsafe abortion is still a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. Nepal has witnessed a significant drop in abortion‐related severe complications and maternal deaths owing to the legalization of abortion laws, lowered financial costs, and wider accessibility of safe abortion services (SAS). However, various factors such as sociocultural beliefs, financial constraints, geographical difficulties, and stigma act as barriers to the liberal accessibility of SAS. This review aimed to determine key barriers obstructing women's access to lawful, safe abortion care and identify facilitators that have improved access to and quality of abortion services. Methods: A systematic search strategy utilizing the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Embase was used to include studies on the accessibility and safety of abortion services in Nepal. Data were extracted from included studies through close reading. Barriers and facilitators were then categorized into various themes and analyzed. Results: Of 223 studies, 112 were duplicates, 73 did not meet the inclusion criteria, and 18 did not align with the research question; thus, 20 studies were included in the review. Various barriers to SAS in Nepal were categorized as economic, geographic, societal, legal/policy, socio‐cultural, health systems, and other factors. Facilitators improving access were categorized as economic/geographic/societal, legal/policy, socio‐cultural, and health systems factors. The patterns and trends of barriers and facilitators were analyzed, grouping them under legal/policy, socio‐cultural, geographic/accessibility, and health systems factors. Conclusion: The review identifies financial constraints, unfavorable geography, lack of infrastructure, and social stigmatization as major barriers to SAS. Economics and geography, legalization, improved access, reduced cost and active involvement of auxiliary nurse‐midwives and community health volunteers are key facilitators. Key points: The legalization of abortion in Nepal has not ensured universal access to safe services.Stigma, lack of awareness, and negative attitude of providers hamper access.Rural, low‐income women face additional obstacles such as distance, cost and lack of confidentiality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this work is setting out an analysis of the reality of the Xikrin do Cateté indigenous people, focusing on the conflicts with the mining industry in their territory (Carajás Complex). The epistemological approach is grounded on an interdisciplinary analysis, theoretically centered on associating ecological economics and human geography. Methods-wise, we use qualitative research, aiming to understand the conceptual dichotomy between the “banal space” (Milton Santos) and the reality of the “full world” (Herman Daly). We observe that, differently from other historical periods, indigenous people are living surrounded by mining projects, their voices remaining overlooked. Once captured through the perspective of the full world, this territorial configuration is one whereby the indigenous population has no longer any capacity to move, remaining blocked in a region characterised by the most diverse conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to analyze industrialization as a vector of urban growth in Blumenau. Based on a discussion of the social, economic and political context in which this industrial development took place, with the objective of the spatial reflexes of this process throughout the 20th century. Using a space-time approach, the methodological procedures involved the use of historical cartography to indicate the main axes of expansion of the urban network over four decades. The use of mixed methods made it possible to integrate quantitative and qualitative data, making it possible to indicate the percentages of expansion of the urban network and its main motivating factors. In this way, the results indicate a direct relationship between the location of the main industries and the houses, many of which are located on the steep slopes around them, configuring risk areas. This is a latent issue, revealing challenges for building a resilient city, capable of facing the climate change scenario of the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central issue of this article is the mechanistic myth of past economic theories and models that have been imported from the experiences of central countries or even crafted in Latin America. These theories advocate for abstract growth and economic development without considering the heterogeneity of different historical contexts and the detrimental effects of their implementation on traditional ways of life and the environment that occur when applying them. These mechanistic principles have encompassed both orthodox and heterodox economies, including neoclassical and neoliberal approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the economic geography of Uzbekistan's free economic zones, focusing on their current significance and future prospects. It examines the historical and theoretical foundations of these zones, focusing on their role in shaping and organizing them. The study looks at the status of the free economic zones and examines their contribution to key economic indicators such as gross domestic production, trade, labor and tourism. In addition, the study uncovers the challenges faced by the free economic zones and provides targeted recommendations to effectively address these issues. The findings not only contribute to the existing economic geography literature, but also serve as a valuable resource for policy makers, researchers and stakeholders interested in promoting economic growth and regional development through free economic zones. This study provides a comprehensive analysis and a theoretical basis for understanding free economic zones in Uzbekistan and offers a broader perspective for improving their performance and potential to ultimately promote sustainable economic development in the country and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to contribute to the debate on the social inclusion of women from popular sectors. Recovering conceptual contributions from feminist perspectives of economics and feminist geography, we seek to reflect on different collective forms of care and reproduction of life developed by women from popular sectors. We will consider how the spatial dimension and the possibility of transforming domestic and neighborhood material spaces are put into play. The analysis is based on the results of an ethnographic research carried out with members of the Argentina Trabaja and Ellas Hacen programs in Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina. I will explore the links between spatiality and care through three axes: the generation of collaborative networks among women to solve child care; the development of collective forms of reproduction of life through the renovation and improvement of domestic and neighborhood spaces; and the production of community care spaces for children. My analysis seeks to contribute to the discussions regarding the promotion of social inclusion of women from popular sectors addressing the inequalities present in the current social organization of care in a situated way that considers the times and spatialities involved and the way in which the material spaces condition its development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Sociedad (01218417) is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The New Economic Geography (NEG)'s agglomerative forces strongly determined the location of firms, in spite of policy intervention blatantly activist intended to reverberate the geography of production (during the communist regime). Recent models of geography and trade recognize a bijective interaction between NEG forces and comparative advantages, they fully explain productive specialization. Our interpretation of the Czech manufacturing is in accordance with the NEG and its recent integration with the comparative advantages stream. In the panel data float up some invariant characteristics enhancing the attractiveness of traditional industrialized territories. The estimates embody the population density and gravitational and agglomeration forces. The time-invariant characteristics are present in the most industrial regions, influencing the localization of manufacturing activity in these spots. In spite of the forceful influence of path dependence, the very manufacturing cores underwent a process of restructuration, adapting the old-fashioned specialization pattern toward a more coherent production tailored to local assets, endowments and technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the golden 20 years of the Chinese leather industry as an example, this paper adopts a spatial panel model to accurately portray the characteristics of spatial evolution and the trend of development of agglomeration of the leather industry. This paper further systematically identifies the key driving factors of leather industry agglomeration, taking into account the time effect, spatial effect, and spatio-temporal effect at the same time. The results show that China's leather industry shows a shift from coastal areas to diffusion to inland areas. In terms of influencing factors, resource endowment and economic externality are the key force leading the agglomeration of leather industry. In addition, according to the results of group regression, it is found that innovation capacity and environmental regulation have become the main driving forces affecting the development of leather industry. Therefore, the government should carry out global planning according to the spatial pattern and transfer path of leather industry agglomeration. Based on the deep-level driving mechanism of industrial pattern evolution, specific industrial measures should be formulate to realize the development and promotion of leather industry in the new era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of economic development in the modern world demand new approaches in the study, analysis and research of social aspects, labour markets and local and regional economic development in the context of the new transformations, the multiple crises that humanity is going through today. For the labour market, the geographical approach opens up the lens of analysis, formulation of priorities and the development of new methodologies that will help us build new theories and policies of local and regional economic development, the development of a labour market through the prism of economic geography. This approach will allow us to analyse the migration processes of occupational mobility and to develop viable policies and measures to create new jobs and ensure sustainable, smart and inclusive economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of reshoring, defined as the relocation of previously offshored production activities back to the home country or to a neighbouring country, on the productivity of manufacturing firms. It uses data from the European Reshoring Monitor on European firms in the period 2014–18. Reshoring increased total factor productivity of small and medium-sized firms, but did not affect productivity of large firms. The positive effect was stronger for firms that had offshored production to some Asian countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book "Sustainable Economic Geography" by Ingo Liefner and Sebastian Losacker provides a comprehensive overview of economic geographical approaches to promoting sustainable economic practices. It covers topics such as climate protection, resource conservation, emissions reduction, and biodiversity promotion. The book also addresses regional differences, technology and innovation, theories and methods for transition, as well as the challenges of sustainable regional economic development. The authors ask critical questions about the presented concepts and question common economic assumptions. The book is easily readable and suitable for beginners, advanced learners, and those interested in spatial research and spatial planning. It includes numerous tables and graphics to illustrate the text. Possible shorter versions for students and an English-language version of the book are also mentioned. The authors also question post-growth theories but emphasize that this would be a different textbook. [Extracted from the article]

The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic insight into the socio-economic aspects of the last two economic crises in Slovenia: the Economic crisis between 2009 and 2013, and the COVID-19 crisis in 2020. A three-stage territorial model was developed as a theoretical tool for this study. The data for the analyses came from various statistical sources and from the available literature. The socio-economic aspects of both economic crises were analysed in 11 categories and at three territorial levels: macro (national), meso (regional) and micro (locational). Both economic crises differ fundamentally in many aspects. Compared to the Economic crisis, the COVID-19 crisis was much shorter and less severe, and had relatively little impact on the socio-economic structure of Slovenia and its regions. Both economic crises had some common features: reduction of interregional disparities and different development paths of regions during the crisis, as well as strong economic growth in the first year of recovery. The proposed model can be extended by additional territorial levels and by adding additional social and political-geographical aspects.

This paper examines how geography matters for the location of industries in East Asia, employing regression analyses on a novel and comprehensive regional GDP dataset. This study examines how geography affects industrial location patterns, particularly the role of infrastructure, such as ports and airports. This paper analyzes the current economic geography of East Asia using the novel dataset. The regression analyses utilize location quotients as the dependent variable and incorporate explanatory variables, such as domestic/foreign market access, per capita income, population density, and distance-based dummies for ports and airports. The findings reveal that the determinants of industrial location differ significantly across industries. The relative importance of domestic versus foreign market access and proximity to ports and airports varies across sectors. The results imply that countries/regions cannot easily host industries of their choice, as different industries require distinct locational characteristics.

يندرج موضوع البحث ضمن الدراسات التطبيقية في الجغرافيا الاقتصادية، ويُعد الربط الكهربي نمطاً من أنماط الشراكة الاقتصادية والتكامل بين الدول. وجاءت دولتا الدراسة أكبر دول الوطن العربي من حيث إنتاج الكهرباء واستهلاكها؛ الأمر الذي زاد من أهمية الربط بين منظومتي الكهرباء في البلدين. إلا أن توزيع محطات التوليد، وشبكة الكهرباء، والطاقة الكهربائية المستهلكة، اختلفت بين الأقسام الجغرافية في الدولتين، نتيجة لعوامل التوطين لمحطات التوليد، وللعوامل الجغرافية المؤثرة في مد الشبكة والاستهلاك. وتمثلت أهمية الربط الكهربي بين الدولتين تحديداً نتيجة لتباين فترات ذروة الاحمال الكهربائية بينهما، حيث جاءت بالسعودية نهاراً، وفي مصر ليلاً؛ وهو ما يُفعل أهمية الربط والتكامل الكهربي بين البلدين، وتنميتها مستقبلاً. ويمتد خط الربط من المدينة المنورة حتى شمال شرق مدينة القاهرة المصرية، وجاء معظم الخط هوائياً باستثناء منطقة عبور خليج العقبة من جهة الجنوب بطول 20 كم. وعلى الرغم من ارتفاع تكلفة الإنشاء، إلا أن الجدوى الاقتصادية زادت من أهميته. The subject of the research falls within the applied studies in geography, and the electrician knits the growth of economic partnership and integration between countries. The two countries of the study were the largest in the nation in terms of electricity production and consumption; Which increased the salt between the two men and the news. However, the distribution of the generation stations, the electricity network, and the consumed electric energy, the geographical areas in the two countries differed, as a result of the localization factors of the generation stations, and the geographical factors affecting the network and consumption. and a third of that, they share the importance of gravity in electrophoresis; Which is what makes the relationship and electrical integration between the new, and its development in the future. The link line extends from Madinah to the northeast of Cairo, and most of the line came over the Aqaba crossing area from the south, 20 km. Despite this, challenges have increased from the coast.

High-wage regions have frequently been models for economic development policy. However, these places have also been more likely to experience a "hollowing out" of the middle of the labor market, whereby college-educated residents experience high-wage growth, while residents without a college degree do not. This paper studies regions where—in contrast to hollowing out—the share of middle-wage jobs has grown since 1980. Its aim is to understand how—if at all—the characteristics of these regions could suggest a model of economic development that prioritizes opportunities for noncollege graduates. The authors find that regions with a growing share of middle-wage jobs have been associated with higher levels of upward mobility and wage growth for workers without a college degree. These places, such as Wausau, Wisconsin, and Manhattan, Kansas, are associated with higher local school performance and have experienced comparatively high growth in production jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Seguridad Ciudadana is the property of FLACSO - Ecuador (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)