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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of individual udder shapes in three dairy sheep breeds, as well as the relationship of udder shape with the production and chemical composition of sheep's milk. For this purpose, the research included 111 Pag sheep, 93 Istrian sheep and 80 East Friesian sheep. During the milking period in all flocks included in the research, milking control was carried out using the AT method, while the udder shape assessment in all studied ewes was carried out by the same person once during lactation when conducting the first milking control (after weaning of lamb(s)). In Pag sheep four distinct forms or types of udder (types I, II, III and IV) were clearly identified, in Istrian sheep the existence of three udder shapes (types II, III and IV) was determined, while in East Friesian sheep were found two udder shapes (type II and III). In all three breeds the most frequent were ewes with the udder type III. in all three breeds, higher production of milk was observed in sheep with low and (almost) vertically positioned teats and with a pronounced longitudinal furrow between the udder halves (udder types III and IV) than in sheep with highly placed and horizontally positioned teats (udder types I and II). However, differences in milk production between sheep of different udder shapes were found to be statistically significant (P

The present study focuses on the Belgian Milk Sheep in Flanders (Belgium) and compares its genetic diversity and relationship with the Flemish Sheep, the Friesian Milk Sheep, the French Lacaune dairy sheep and other Northern European breeds. For this study, 94 Belgian Milk Sheep, 23 Flemish Sheep and 22 Friesian Milk Sheep were genotyped with the OvineSNP50 array. In addition, 29 unregistered animals phenotypically similar to Belgian Milk Sheep were genotyped using the 15K ISGC chip. Both Belgian and Friesian Milk Sheep as well as the East Friesian Sheep were found to be less diverse than the other seven breeds included in this study. Genomic inbreeding coefficients based on runs of homozygosity (ROH) were estimated at 14.5, 12.4 and 10.2% for Belgian Milk Sheep, Flemish Sheep and Friesian Milk Sheep respectively. Out of 29 unregistered Belgian Milk Sheep, 28 mapped in the registered Belgian Milk Sheep population. Ancestry analysis, PCA and FST calculations showed that Belgian Milk Sheep are more related to Friesian Milk Sheep than to Flemish Sheep, which was contrary to the breeders' expectations. Consequently, breeders may prefer to crossbreed Belgian Milk Sheep with Friesian sheep populations (Friesian Milk Sheep or East Friesian Sheep) in order to increase diversity. This research underlines the usefulness of SNP chip genotyping and ROH analyses for monitoring genetic diversity and studying genetic links in small livestock populations, profiting from internationally available genotypes. As assessment of genetic diversity is vital for long-term breed survival, these results will aid flockbooks to preserve genetic diversity. ispartof: ANIMAL GENETICS vol:51 issue:2 pages:258-265 ispartof: location:England status: published

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of isomerized poppy seed oil (IPO) enriched with conjugated dienes of linoleic acid (CLA) on cow and sheep milk parameters (fat content, fatty acid profile, &Delta, 9-desaturase index, and atherogenic index). The process of poppy seed oil alkaline isomerization caused the formation of CLA isomers with cis-9,trans-11, trans-10,cis-12, and cis-11,trans-13 configurations in the amounts of 31.2%, 27.6%, and 4.1% of total fatty acids (FAs), respectively. Animal experiments were conducted on 16 Polish Holstein Friesian cows (control (CTRL) and experimental (EXP), n = 8/group) and 20 East Friesian Sheep (CTRL and EXP, n = 10/group). For four weeks, animals from EXP groups received the addition of IPO in the amount of 1% of dry matter. Milk was collected three times: on days 7, 14, and 30. Diet supplementation with IPO decrease milk fat content (p &lt, 0.01). Milk fat from EXP groups had higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including FAs with beneficial biological properties, that is, CLA and TVA (p &lt, 0.01), and lower levels of saturated fatty acids, particularly short- (p &lt, 0.01) and medium-chain FAs (p &lt, 0.05). The addition of IPO led to a decrease in the atherogenic index.

Cilj rada bio je utvrditi povezanost veličine legla s proizvodnjom mlijeka, morfologijom i zdravljem vimena istočnofrizijskih ovaca. U tu svrhu istraživanjem je bilo obuhvaćeno 80 istočnofrizijskih ovaca, od 2. do 4. laktacije, simetričnog i pravilno razvijenog vimena, bez vidljivih (kliničkih) znakova mastitisa. Janjad je do odbića, provedenog u prosječnoj dobi od 60±5 dana, isključivo sisala (majčino) mlijeko. Tijekom razdoblja mužnje provedene su redovite mjesečne kontrole mliječnosti ovaca (AT metoda) i uzorkovanja pojedinačnih uzoraka mlijeka u svrhu određivanja kemijskog sastava. Tri puta tijekom laktacije (1., 3. i 5. kontrola mliječnosti) provedena su mjerenja i prosudbe morfoloških odlika vimena. Također, prilikom kontrola mliječnosti iz svake polovice vimena za potrebe mikrobiološke pretrage i određivanje broja somatskih stanica (BSS) uzet je po jedan uzorak mlijeka. U ovaca s dvoje i više janjadi u leglu utvrđena je značajno (P0,05) i dubinu vimena (P>0,05). Osim toga, vimena ovaca s dvoje i više janjadi odlikovala su se višom cisternom, većim kutom i dimenzijama sisa u usporedbi s vimenima ovaca s jednim janjetom, premda razlike nisu bile statistički značajne. Sise ovaca s jednim janjetom bile su kranijalnije usmjerene (P, The aim of this study was to determine relationship between litter size and milk yield, udder morphology, and udder health of East Friesian ewes. For that purpose a total of 80 East Friesian ewes, from 2nd to 4th lactation, with symmetrical udders, without visible (clinical) signs of mastitis were involved in this study. Until weaning at average age of 60±5 days lambs suckled their mothers exclusively. During milking period regular milking controls (on a monthly basis) were carried out (AT method) and, on these occasions, individual milk samples for chemical composition analysis were taken. Three times per lactation (1st, 3rd and 5th milking control), prior to the milking, evaluation and measuring of udder morphology traits were performed. Also, during above-mentioned test-day controls (three times per lactation) one sample of half udder milk was taken with purpose of bacterial and somatic cell counts (SCC) tests. Ewes with twin and triplet lambs had significantly (P0.05) and depth (P>0.05). Besides that,udders of ewes with twins and triplets had higher cistern, greater teat angle and larger teat dimensions than ewes with singles, although those differences were not statistically significant. Ewes with single lamb had teats more (P

Though East Friesian sheep are known to have very high milk yield, their various degree crosses may have different levels of milk yield under different conditions due to genotype × environment interaction. The major purpose of this study was to investigate whether increasing milking frequency for a short period (21 days) increases milk yield in two East Friesian crosses, Tahirova and Sonmez sheep. Tahirova is 75 % East Friesian and 25 % Kivircik, while Sonmez is 75 % Tahirova and 25 % Sakiz (Chios). Two milking groups were formed and were treated the same in terms of feeding and management. The sheep in the 4× group were milked 4 times a day after weaning for a short period, namely 21 days and then were milked twice a day for the rest of the lactation. The sheep in the 2× group were milked twice a day throughout the whole milking season. Repeated measures analyses indicated that overall differences between the 2× (520.68 g) and 4× (873.03 g) groups were highly significant for milk yield (P

Individual test day records for East Friesian dairy sheep in Macedonia for 3 year period, taken according A4 method of ICAR, were used for comparison of the two officially approved procedures, e.g. A4 and AC4 with the aim to test the effect of simplification in the milk recording in sheep on the measurement of their individual test day productivity. Data comprised of 1760 records from the Trubarevo breeding flock for ewes of age from the first to seventh lactation. The milking was twice a day and individual yield was recorded in the morning and in the evening of the day of test. Prediction coefficients were developed based on the average morning and evening month/year milk yield in the test day. Predicted daily milk yield based on the morning or on the evening yield was compared to the actual one. Actual, predicted productivity and the differences between the both, were analysed for the effects of number of lambs born, period of test – suckling ewes and lambs were kept together or milking period ewes and lambs were kept separately, level of production and month of the year. Four way ANOVA was used to analyse the data. Results showed that, in general, AC4 method lead to underestimation of the actual yield (YA) with 0.3% using morning milking and to 0.3% overestimation when evening yields were used. Ewes having twins and triplet were underestimated with 1–2% with the morning milk recording, while in these with singles predicted yield was close to the actual milk yield. The morning recording of the milk yield during the suckling period led to underestimation of the TD yield with about 3%. The morning prediction of the TD yield in the milking period only is much more accurate. Ewes with high milk production are overestimated with 1% when the records of morning milk yield were used, while average and ewes with low milk production are underestimated with 1% and 3%. The prediction of the YA based on the morning milk yield led to about 1 % overestimation in the first part of the lactation, but resulted in about 4 % underestimation during the second part of lactation. The prediction of the YA was equal to the actual yield in the middle of lactation.

application/pdf, A 2-year-old East Friesian sheep imported from Australia exhibited severe anemia after contagious pustular dermatitis in Hokkaido, Japan. Hemoplasma infection was confirmed in blood smears. Both Mycoplasma ovis and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis’ were detected by PCR and sequence analyses. In the epidemiological analysis, dual pathogens were detected in 6 of 12 (50.0%) sheep imported from Australia with the infected ewe at the same time, 1 of 5 (20.0%) sheep introduced from a domestic farm in Hokkaido, and in 1 of 16 (6.3%) sheep from an epidemiologically unrelated ranch. It is the first clinical case of sheep to confirm coinfection of these pathogens in Japan.

Comparison between Synthetic population Bulgarian milk (SPBM) and East-Friesian (EF) sheep was done for laboratory yield of cheese and milk composition. The comparison of the means for the individual laboratory yield of cheese showed significantly higher values in the ewes of SPBM on first lactation (2,4735 g) compared to the EF breed (1,7608 g), (P

This research paper presents the results obtained based on a study on the impact of crossing the Svrljig pramenika and East Friesian sheep breed on the milk protein content and yield in the F1 generation of crossbreeds in the course of lactation. In all the three sheep breeds, while the difference between the first and last lactation months was of exceptionally high significance. The average protein content in the milk yielded by the East Friesian sheep and crossbreeds is very similar and amounts to 5.32% and 5.37%, while in the Svrljig Pramenka it was 5.53%. Based on the statistical significance appraisal of the differences in mean values of protein content in each stated breeds for the whole lactation period a highly significant difference between the Svrljig Pramenka and East Friesian sheep (p0.05). The crossing of the stated breeds had an impact on the increase in the total yield of milk protein in the half-breeds (5948.72g), which is an increase of 1755.36g compared with that in the Svrljig Pramenka, and a decrease of only 237.36g in relation to that in the East Friesian sheep breed.

Investigation of some production traits in two production years (2005, 2006) was carried out on East-Friesian sheep. Considerably (P0,05) this component of milk. Except of the fats, all the examined factors influenced statistically highly significantly (P0,05) this component.

Karakacanski skakutanac is an artisanal fresh sheep cheese produced on a small scale in a limited area of eastern Croatia. It is manufactured from unrefrigerated raw sheep milk immediately after milking, without the addition of starter culture, and coagulated with industrial rennet. To date, no microbiological or molecular characterization of the biodiversity of the microbiota has been performed. The objective of this study was to obtain an initial insight into the biodiversity of the microbial community associated with this cheese during the production season and shelf life period. Eleven cheeses were obtained from a dairy farm at 14-day intervals during the lactation period of east Friesian sheep in 2007. Bacterial DNA was isolated directly from cheese on the first, second and third day of the cheese shelf life, resulting in a total of 33 DNA samples. Extracted DNA was used as a template for PCR-ARDRA and PCR-DGGE analysis. The use of dual culture-independent approaches revealed similar results and indicated predominance of Lactococcus lactis.