26 results on '"Dickmann, Petra"'
Search Results
2. Public health risk communication through the lens of a quarantined community: Insights from a coronavirus hotspot in Germany.
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Licht, Annika, Wetzker, Wibke, Scholz, Juliane, Scherag, André, Weis, Sebastian, Pletz, Mathias W., Bauer, Michael, and Dickmann, Petra
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HEALTH risk communication ,CORONAVIRUSES ,MEDICAL offices ,PUBLIC health ,ELECTRONIC newspapers - Abstract
Background: Quarantine is one of the most effective interventions to contain an infectious disease outbreak, yet it is one of the most disruptive. We investigated the quarantine of an entire village to better understand risk communication requirements for groups. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-methods survey study on a single cohort of adult residents in Neustadt am Rennsteig, Germany, six weeks after the removal of a 14-day mandatory community quarantine. The survey response rate was 33% (289/883 residents). Findings: Survey participants reported a lack of information on the quarantine implementation process. What authorities communicated was not necessarily what residents desired to know. While inhabitants used social media and telephones to communicate with each other, the official information sources were regional radio, television, newspapers and official websites. Public health authorities did not employ social media communication to engage with their communities. Despite a lack of information, the majority of respondents stated that they had complied with the quarantine and they expressed little sympathy for those who violated the quarantine. After lifting the quarantine, many respondents continued to avoid places where they suspected a significant risk of infection, such as family and friends' homes, doctor's offices and grocery stores. Interpretation: The survey participants utilised existing social networks to disseminate vital information and stabilise its group identity and behaviour (quarantine compliance). The authorities communicated sparsely in a unidirectional, top-down manner, without engaging the community. Despite the lack of official information, the social coherency of the group contributed to considerate and compliant conduct, but participants expressed dissatisfaction with official leadership and asked for more attention. Conclusion: Public health risk communication must engage with communities more effectively. This necessitates a deeper comprehension of groups, their modes of communication and their social needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. Decision-making criteria among European patients: exploring patient preferences for primary care services
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Tinelli, Michela, Nikoloski, Zlatko, Kumpunen, Stephanie, Knai, Cécile, Pribakovic Brinovec, Radivoje, Warren, Emily, Wittgens, Katharina, and Dickmann, Petra
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- 2015
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4. Earlier Outbreak Detection—A Generic Model and Novel Methodology to Guide Earlier Detection Supported by Data From Low- and Mid-Income Countries
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Steele, Lindsay, primary, Orefuwa, Emma, additional, Bino, Silvia, additional, Singer, Shepherd Roee, additional, Lutwama, Julius, additional, and Dickmann, Petra, additional
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- 2020
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5. Biological Risks to Public Health: Lessons from an International Conference to Inform the Development of National Risk Communication Strategies
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Dickmann, Petra, Bhatiasevi, Aphaluck, Chaib, Fadela, Baggio, Ombretta, Banluta, Christina, Hollenweger, Lilian, and Maaroufi, Abderrahmane
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Governance ,Communication ,International Cooperation ,Biosafety/biosecurity ,Meeting Report ,World Health Organization ,Red Cross ,Risk communication ,Disease Outbreaks ,Public Opinion ,Communicable Disease Control ,Humans ,Public Health ,International Health Regulations (2005) ,Public health preparedness - Abstract
Biological risk management in public health focuses on the impact of outbreaks on health, the economy, and other systems and on ensuring biosafety and biosecurity. To address this broad range of risks, the International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005) request that all member states build defined core capacities, risk communication being one of them. While there is existing guidance on the communication process and on what health authorities need to consider to design risk communication strategies that meet the requirements on a governance level, little has been done on implementation because of a number of factors, including lack of resources (human, financial, and others) and systems to support effective and consistent capacity for risk communication. The international conference on "Risk communication strategies before, during and after public health emergencies" provided a platform to present current strategies, facilitate learning from recent outbreaks of infectious diseases, and discuss recommendations to inform risk communication strategy development. The discussion concluded with 4 key areas for improvement in risk communication: consider communication as a multidimensional process in risk communication, broaden the biomedical paradigm by integrating social science intelligence into epidemiologic risk assessments, strengthen multisectoral collaboration including with local organizations, and spearhead changes in organizations for better risk communication governance. National strategies should design risk communication to be proactive, participatory, and multisectoral, facilitating the connection between sectors and strengthening collaboration.
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- 2016
6. The role of risk communication in public health interventions. An analysis of risk communication for a community quarantine in Germany to curb the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Scholz, Juliane, Wetzker, Wibke, Licht, Annika, Heintzmann, Rainer, Scherag, André, Weis, Sebastian, Pletz, Mathias, Betsch, Cornelia, Bauer, Michael, and Dickmann, Petra
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HEALTH risk communication ,COVID-19 pandemic ,QUARANTINE ,RISK communication ,RISK assessment ,CRITICALLY ill children ,COMMUNITIES - Abstract
Background: Separating ill or possibly infectious people from their healthy community is one of the core principles of non-pharmaceutical interventions. However, there is scarce evidence on how to successfully implement quarantine orders. We investigated a community quarantine for an entire village in Germany (Neustadt am Rennsteig, March 2020) with the aim of better understanding the successful implementation of quarantine measures. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in Neustadt am Rennsteig six weeks after the end of a 14-day mandatory community quarantine. The sample size consisted of 562 adults (64% of the community), and the response rate was 295 adults, or 52% (33% of the community). Findings: National television was reported as the most important channel of information. Contact with local authorities was very limited, and partners or spouses played a more important role in sharing information. Generally, the self-reported information level was judged to be good (211/289 [73.0%]). The majority of participants (212/289 [73.4%]) approved of the quarantine, and the reported compliance was 217/289 (75.1%). A self-reported higher level of concern as well as a higher level of information correlated positively with both a greater acceptance of quarantine and self-reported compliant behaviour. Interpretation: The community quarantine presented a rare opportunity to investigate a public health intervention for an entire community. In order to improve the implementation of public health interventions, public health risk communication activities should be intensified to increase both the information level (potentially leading to better compliance with community quarantine) and the communication level (to facilitate rapport and trust between public health authorities and their communities). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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7. Kampala manifesto: Building community-based One Health approaches to disease surveillance and response—The Ebola Legacy—Lessons from a peer-led capacity-building initiative
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Dickmann, Petra, primary, Kitua, Andrew, additional, Apfel, Franklin, additional, and Lightfoot, Nigel, additional
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- 2018
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8. Communicating the Risk of MRSA: The Role of Clinical Practice, Regulation and Other Policies in Five European Countries
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Dickmann, Petra, primary, Keeping, Sam, additional, Döring, Nora, additional, Schmidt, Andrea E., additional, Binder, Claudia, additional, Ariño-Blasco, Sergio, additional, and Gil, Joan, additional
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- 2017
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9. Drivers of earlier infectious disease outbreak detection: a systematic literature review
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Steele, Lindsay, primary, Orefuwa, Emma, additional, and Dickmann, Petra, additional
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- 2016
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10. Risk communication and generic preparedness: from agent-based to action-based planning - a conceptual framework
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Dickmann, Petra, Apfel, Franklin J., Gottschalk, René, Dickmann, Petra, Apfel, Franklin J., and Gottschalk, René
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Responses to recent infectious disease outbreaks, such as to Influenza Pandemic 2009 and the on-going Ebola outbreak in West Africa, reveal the need for new and strengthened approaches to risk communication and governance. The article argues for a fundamental re-conceptualisation of current approaches to risk communication, preparedness planning and response. It calls for a reframing of the way we currently identify and respond to outbreaks around a set of core behaviour-based response patterns. This new model moves away from the current risk communication focus on a plethora of agent-specific threats to five generic response patterns that are based on socially relevant response activities such as 1) controlling vectors, 2) enhancing hygiene, 3) isolation of the sick, 4) protection of the well, and 5) systemic protection of people and their environments. Emphasis is placed on gaining relevant insights into the context specific needs of different communities related to these five patterns. Governance structures are then built and evaluated based on their capacity to collect, communicate, share and prepare the public to take appropriate action related to the five different patterns before, during and after an event. Reframing risk communication and preparedness approaches around a better understanding of the determinants of these general behavioural patterns in infectious control could strengthen infection control literacy, response competence and build resilience of both individuals and health systems to address future epidemics, pandemics and other public health threats.
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- 2016
11. Risk communication as a core public health competence in infectious disease management: Development of the ECDC training curriculum and programme
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Dickmann, Petra, primary, Abraham, Thomas, additional, Sarkar, Satyajit, additional, Wysocki, Piotr, additional, Cecconi, Sabrina, additional, Apfel, Franklin, additional, and Nurm, Ülla-Karin, additional
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- 2016
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12. Plague - pandemic - panic: information needs and communication strategies for infectious diseases emergencies : lessons learned from anthrax, SARS, pneumonic plague and influenza pandemic
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Dickmann, Petra
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ddc:610 - Abstract
Summary: Information and communication is critical to the successful management of infectious diseases because an effective communication strategy prevents the surge of anxious patients who have not been genuinely exposed to the pathogen ('low risk patients') affecting medical infrastructures (1) and the future transmission of the infectious agent (2). Surge of low risk patients: The arrival of large numbers of low risk patients at hospitals following an infectious diseases emergency would be problematic for three main reasons. First, it would complicate the situation at hospitals receiving exposed patients, delaying the treatment of the acutely ill, creating difficulties of crowd control and tying up medical resources. Second, for the low risk patients themselves, attending hospital following an infectious disease emergency might increase their risk of exposure to the agent in question. Third, the needs of low risk patients may be poorly attended to at hospitals which are already overstretched dealing with medical casualties. Future transmission: Obtaining early information about symptoms and isolating infected patients is the most effective strategy to interrupt the chain of infection in the public in the absence of specific prophylaxis or treatment. Particularly at the beginning of an outbreak, these nonpharmaceutical interventions play an important role in enabling the early detection of signs or symptoms and in encouraging passengers to adopt appropriate preventive behaviour in order to limit the spread of the disease. This thesis includes two papers dealing with this problem: The first part is a systemic literature review of information needs following an infectious disease emergency (Anthrax, SARS, Pneumonic Plague). The key question was: what are the information needs of the public during an infectious disease emergency? The second part is an empirical investigation of information needs and communication strategies at the airport during the early stage of the Influenza Pandemic. The key question here was: what communication strategies help to meet the information needs and to enable the public to behave appropriately and responsibly? Conclusions: Evidence from the anthrax attacks in the United States suggested that a surge of low risk patients is by no means inevitable. Data from the SARS outbreak illustrated that if hospitals are seen as sources of contagion, many patients with non-bioterrorism related health care needs may delay seeking help. Finally, the events surrounding the Pneumonic Plague outbreak of 1994 in Surat, India, highlighted the need for the public to be kept adequately informed about an incident to avoid creating rumours. Clear, consistent and credible information is key to the successful management of infectious disease outbreaks. The results of the empirical investigation suggested that the desire for information is a reflection of current anxiety and does not mirror the objective scientific assessment of exposure. The airport study showed that perceived information needs were directly related to anxiety – the least anxious did not require any further information, the most anxious reported significant information needs concerning medical treatment, public health management and the assessment of the ongoing situation – irrespective of their actual exposure. A communication strategy only focussing on the 'real' exposed individuals neglects the information needs of those worrying about having contracted the virus and seeking medical attendance. Effective communication strategies should enable the general public to detect early signs or symptoms and provide them with behaviour advice to prevent the further transmission of the infectious agent. These include the provision of clear information about the incident, the symptoms and what to do to prevent the further transmission, detailed and regularly updated information in various media formats (telephone, internet, etc.) and rapid triage at hospital entrances to guide patients to the appropriate medical infrastructures. Relevance: These research findings could contribute to a shift in the organisational and communicative approach responding to infectious diseases outbreaks and could be considered relevant for future risk communication and policy decision making. Information und Kommunikation sind die zentralen Momente im Management von Infektionskrankheiten, weil eine effektive Kommunikationsstrategie zum einen den Ansturm auf die medizinischen Infrastrukturen kanalisiert (1) und zum anderen durch die Informationen zum angemessenen Verhalten die weitere Übertragung des Krankheitserregers vermeidet (2). Ansturm auf medizinische Infrastrukturen: Ein großer Ansturm von nicht direkt exponierten Patienten (sogenannte „Low Risk Patients“) auf medizinische Infrastrukturen während Infektionsausbrüchen ist aus drei Gründen problematisch: Erstens verschärft dieser Ansturm die ohnehin schon schwierige Lage in den Krankenhäusern und führt dazu, dass Schwerkranke aus Kapazitätsgründen nicht angemessen versorgt werden können. Zweitens erhöht der Aufenthalt in der Notaufnahme eines Krankenhauses während eines Infektionsgeschehens die Infektionsgefährdung. Drittens ist durch die Kapazitätsausschöpfung nicht gewährleistet, dass „Low Risk Patients“ entsprechend ihrer medizinischen Indikation adäquat versorgt werden. Weitere Übertragung des Krankheitserregers: Die frühzeitige Information über Symptome, Übertragungswege und angemessenes Verhalten führt dazu, dass symptomatische Patienten isoliert und die weitere Verbreitung des Krankheitserregers durch ein adäquates Infektionsschutzverhalten gestoppt wird. Diese nichtpharmazeutischen Maßnahmen sind insbesondere in der Frühphase von Infektionsausbrüchen, in denen noch keine Impfungen oder Therapien zur Verfügung stehen, von hoher Relevanz und helfen sowohl die symptomatischen Patienten zu identifizieren als auch die Bevölkerung mit einem angemessenen Verhalten zu schützen. In dieser Dissertation werden zwei Arbeiten zusammengefasst, die dieser Problematik nachgehen: den ersten Teil bildet eine systematische Literaturübersicht über die publizierten Daten zu den Informationsbedürfnissen und zum adäquaten Verhalten während Infektionsausbrüchen am Beispiel von Anthrax, SARS und der Lungenpest. Leitfrage dieser Studie ist: Was sind die Informationsbedürfnisse der Öffentlichkeit während eines Infektionsgeschehens? Den zweiten Teil bildet eine empirische Erhebung am Flughafen zu den Informationsbedürfnissen und Kommunikationsstrategien zu Beginn der Influenza Pandemie. Leitend bei dieser Studie ist die Frage, welche Kommunikationsstrategien den Informationsbedürfnissen adäquat sind und gleichzeitig die Öffentlichkeit in die Lage versetzt, sich angemessen zu verhalten? Ergebnisse: Die Anthrax Anschläge in den USA haben gezeigt, dass es nicht unbedingt zu einem Massenansturm von „Low Risk Patients“ kommen muss, wenn die Informationen über Diagnostik und therapeutische Maßnahmen adäquat kommuniziert werden. Aus den Erfahrungen von SARS konnte man sehen, dass auch die umgekehrte Situation Probleme schafft: wenn Patienten, die medizinische Behandlung benötigen, nicht die medizinischen Infrastrukturen aufsuchen, weil diese selbst zum Ort der Ansteckung geworden sind, kann das dramatische medizinische Folgen haben. Der Ausbruch der Lungenpest in Indien, verknüpft in ein Netz von Gerüchten, hat deutlich gemacht, wie wichtig die umfassend und aktuell korrekt informierte Öffentlichkeit ist. Die Ergebnisse aus der empirischen Arbeit am Flughaben belegen, dass das Informationsbedürfnis nicht an die wissenschaftlich-medizinische Einschätzung der Exposition und des objektiven Ansteckungsrisikos geknüpft ist, sondern vielmehr die eigene Wahrnehmung und das Gefühl einer möglichen Ansteckung reflektiert. Diejenigen, die am meisten Angst vor Ansteckung hatten, artikulierten auch den größten Informationsbedarf, während diejenigen, die sich ausreichend informiert fühlten, auch nur eine geringe Besorgnis zum Ausdruck brachten. Diese Relation wurde unabhängig der objektiven Exposition beobachtet. Eine Kommunikationsstrategie, die nur die objektiv Exponierten adressiert, zielt also an denjenigen vorbei, die – exponiert oder nicht – besorgt sind und aufgrund dieser Sorge zu einem Problem der medizinischen Infrastrukturen werden können. Eine effektive Kommunikation sollte die Öffentlichkeit in die Lage versetzen, die entsprechenden Symptome frühzeitig zu erkennen und sich sowohl bei Erkrankung, als auch bei der Unterbrechung der Infektionskette adäquat zu verhalten. Dazu braucht es klare, aktuelle und glaubwürdige Informationen über das Ausbruchsgeschehen, die Symptome und das Schutzverhalten, kontinuierliche Kommunikation über verschiedene mediale Formate (Telefon, Internet, etc.), schnelle Triage in den Krankenhäusern und eine kompetente Führung, um festlegen zu können, welcher Patient in den spezifischen medizinischen Infrastrukturen am besten aufgehoben ist. Relevanz: Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit können dazu betragen, dass eine verbesserte Risiko- und Krisenkommunikation das Management von Infektionskrankheiten der politischen Entscheidungsträger erleichtert.
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- 2011
13. Biosafety and Biosecurity: A Relative Risk-Based Framework for Safer, More Secure, and Sustainable Laboratory Capacity Building
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Dickmann, Petra, primary, Sheeley, Heather, additional, and Lightfoot, Nigel, additional
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- 2015
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14. Using Lessons Learned from Previous Ebola Outbreaks to Inform Current Risk Management
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Dickmann, Petra, primary, Kitua, Andrew, additional, Kaczmarek, Paul, additional, Lutwama, Julius, additional, Masumu, Justin, additional, Karimuribo, Esron, additional, Karsan, Yunus, additional, Lightfoot, Nigel, additional, and Rweyemamu, Mark, additional
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- 2015
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15. Decision-making criteria among European patients: exploring patient preferences for primary care services
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Tinelli, Michela, primary, Nikoloski, Zlatko, additional, Kumpunen, Stephanie, additional, Knai, Cécile, additional, Pribakovic Brinovec, Radivoje, additional, Warren, Emily, additional, Wittgens, Katharina, additional, and Dickmann, Petra, additional
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- 2014
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16. Das neue dual-use-Dilemma der modernen Biomedizin
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Dickmann, Petra, primary and Becker, Stephan, additional
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- 2013
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17. How to Reduce the Impact of “Low-Risk Patients” Following a Bioterrorist Incident: Lessons from SARS, Anthrax, and Pneumonic Plague
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Rubin, G. James, primary and Dickmann, Petra, additional
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- 2010
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18. Report of the International Conference on Risk Communication Strategies for BSL-4 Laboratories, Tokyo, October 3-5, 2007
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Dickmann, Petra, primary, Keith, Kelly, additional, Comer, Chris, additional, Abraham, Gordon, additional, Gopal, Robin, additional, and Marui, Eiji, additional
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- 2009
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19. Communicating the risk of MRSA: the role of clinical practice, regulation and other policies in five European countries
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Dickmann, Petra, Keeping, Sam, Döring, Nora, Schmidt, Andrea E., Binder, Claudia, Arino-Blasco, Sergio, Gil, Joan, Dickmann, Petra, Keeping, Sam, Döring, Nora, Schmidt, Andrea E., Binder, Claudia, Arino-Blasco, Sergio, and Gil, Joan
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Background: The threat posed by Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has taken on an increasingly pan-European dimension. This article aims to provide an overview of the different approaches to the control of MRSA adopted in five European countries (Austria, Germany, Netherlands, Spain, and the UK) and discusses data and reporting mechanisms, regulations, guidelines, and health policy approaches with a focus on risk communication. Our hypothesis is that current infection control practices in different European countries are implicit messages that contribute to the health-related risk communication and subsequently to the public perception of risk posed by MRSA. A reporting template was used to systematically collect information from each country. Discussion: Large variation in approaches was observed between countries. However, there were a number of consistent themes relevant to the communication of key information regarding MRSA, including misleading messages, inconsistencies in content and application of published guidelines, and frictions between the official communication and their adoption on provider level. Summary: The variability of recommendations within, and across, countries could be contributing to the perception of inconsistency. Having inconsistent guidelines and practices in place may also be affecting the level at which recommended behaviors are adopted. The discrepancy between the official, explicit health messages around MRSA and the implicit messages stemming from the performance of infection control measures should, therefore, be a key target for those wishing to improve risk communication.
20. Biosafety and biosecurity: a relative risk-based framework for safer, more secure, and sustainable laboratory capacity building
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Dickmann, Petra, Sheeley, Heather, Lightfoot, Nigel, Dickmann, Petra, Sheeley, Heather, and Lightfoot, Nigel
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Background: Laboratory capacity building is characterized by a paradox between endemicity and resources: countries with high endemicity of pathogenic agents often have low and intermittent resources (water, electricity) and capacities (laboratories, trained staff, adequate regulations). Meanwhile, countries with low endemicity of pathogenic agents often have high-containment facilities with costly infrastructure and maintenance governed by regulations. The common practice of exporting high biocontainment facilities and standards is not sustainable and concerns about biosafety and biosecurity require careful consideration. Methods: A group at Chatham House developed a draft conceptual framework for safer, more secure, and sustainable laboratory capacity building. Results: The draft generic framework is guided by the phrase “LOCAL – PEOPLE – MAKE SENSE” that represents three major principles: capacity building according to local needs (local) with an emphasis on relationship and trust building (people) and continuous outcome and impact measurement (make sense). Conclusion: This draft generic framework can serve as a blueprint for international policy decision-making on improving biosafety and biosecurity in laboratory capacity building, but requires more testing and detailing development.
21. Risk communication as a core public health competence in infectious disease management: development of the ECDC training curriculum and programme
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Dickmann, Petra, Abraham, Thomas, Sarkar, Satyajit, Wysocki, Piotr, Cecconi, Sabrina, Apfel, Franklin, Nurm, Ülla-Karin, Dickmann, Petra, Abraham, Thomas, Sarkar, Satyajit, Wysocki, Piotr, Cecconi, Sabrina, Apfel, Franklin, and Nurm, Ülla-Karin
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Risk communication has been identified as a core competence for guiding public health responses to infectious disease threats. The International Health Regulations (2005) call for all countries to build capacity and a comprehensive understanding of health risks before a public health emergency to allow systematic and coherent communication, response and management. Research studies indicate that while outbreak and crisis communication concepts and tools have long been on the agenda of public health officials, there is still a need to clarify and integrate risk communication concepts into more standardised practices and improve risk communication and health, particularly among disadvantaged populations. To address these challenges, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) convened a group of risk communication experts to review and integrate existing approaches and emerging concepts in the development of a training curriculum. This curriculum articulates a new approach in risk communication moving beyond information conveyance to knowledge- and relationship-building. In a pilot training this approach was reflected both in the topics addressed and in the methods applied. This article introduces the new conceptual approach to risk communication capacity building that emerged from this process, presents the pilot training approach developed, and shares the results of the course evaluation.
22. Re-thinking risk communication: information needs of patients, health professionals and the public regarding MRSA – the communicative behaviour of a public health network in Germany responding to the demand for information
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Dickmann, Petra, Wittgens, Katharina, Keeping, Sam, Mischler, D., Heudorf, U., Dickmann, Petra, Wittgens, Katharina, Keeping, Sam, Mischler, D., and Heudorf, U.
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Objectives: Multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO), including Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and health care associated infections (HCAIs) are pressing issues for health care systems across the world. Information and communication are considered key tools for the prevention and management of infectious diseases. Public Health Authorities (PHA) are in a unique position to communicate with health care professionals, patients and the public regarding the health risks. Study design: We used PHA helpdesk interaction data to first ascertain the information requirements of those getting in contact with the service, and secondly to examine the communicative behaviour of the PHA, with a view to improving the quality of communication strategies. Methods: Data on helpdesk interactions between 2010 and 2012 were obtained from a MDRO network of nine German PHAs. 501 recordings were coded and descriptive statistics generated for further qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Our analysis revealed a similar pattern of questions among different groups. Key areas of need for information were around eradication, cleaning and isolation measures. Reported problems were a lack of expert knowledge and continuity of treatment. The helpdesk response was mainly a conversation offering scientific advice, but also included other communication services that went beyond the provision of scientific facts, such as follow-up calls, referral suggestions and consultations on behalf of the caller. These social communication activities seem to have an important impact on the acceptability of public health recommendations and use of the helpdesk.
23. Using lessons learned from previous Ebola outbreaks to inform current risk management [conference summary]
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Dickmann, Petra, Kitua, Andrew, Kaczmarek, Paul, Lutwama, Julius, Masumu, Justin, Karimuribo, Esron, Karsan, Yunus, Lightfoot, Nigel, Rweyemamu, Mark, Dickmann, Petra, Kitua, Andrew, Kaczmarek, Paul, Lutwama, Julius, Masumu, Justin, Karimuribo, Esron, Karsan, Yunus, Lightfoot, Nigel, and Rweyemamu, Mark
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Connecting Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance (CORDS), together with the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance, organized an emergency meeting (September 1–2, 2014, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania) to gather and collate first-hand experience from past Ebola outbreaks. The major aim was to identify key lessons that could inform current risk management. This meeting brought together a unique assembly consisting of scientists, policymakers, community and religious leaders, traditional healers, and media representatives from eastern and central Africa. They elucidated 3 major lessons that focus on improving communication, working with communities, and building and strengthening local capacity.
24. Decision-making criteria among European patients: exploring patient preferences for primary care services
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Tinelli, Michela, Nikoloski, Zlatko, Kumpunen, Stephanie, Knai, Cecile, Pribakovic Brinovec, Radivoje, Warren, Emily, Wittgens, Katharina, Dickmann, Petra, Tinelli, Michela, Nikoloski, Zlatko, Kumpunen, Stephanie, Knai, Cecile, Pribakovic Brinovec, Radivoje, Warren, Emily, Wittgens, Katharina, and Dickmann, Petra
- Abstract
Background: Health economics preference-based techniques, such as discrete choice experiments (DCEs), are often used to inform public health policy on patients’ priorities when choosing health care. Although there is general evidence about patients’ satisfaction with general-practice (GP) care in Europe, to our knowledge no comparisons are available that measure patients’ preferences in different European countries, and use patients’ priorities to propose policy changes. Methods: A DCE was designed and used to capture patients’ preferences for GP care in Germany, England and Slovenia. In the three countries, 841 eligible patients were identified across nine GP practices. The DCE questions compared multiple health-care practices (including their ‘current GP practice’), described by the following attributes: ‘information’ received from the GP, ‘booking time’, ‘waiting time’ in the GP practice, ‘listened to’, as well as being able to receive the ‘best care’ available for their condition. Results were compared across countries looking at the attributes’ importance and rankings, patients’ willingness-to-wait for unit changes to the attributes’ levels and changes in policy. Results: A total of 692 respondents (75% response rate) returned questionnaires suitable for analysis. In England and Slovenia, patients were satisfied with their ‘current practice’, but they valued changes to alternative practices. All attributes influenced decision-making, and ‘best care’ or ‘information’ were more valued than others. In Germany, almost all respondents constantly preferred their ‘current practice’, and other factors did not change their preference. Conclusion: European patients have strong preference for their ‘status quo’, but alternative GP practices could compensate for it and offer more valued care.
25. How to reduce the impact of "low-risk patients" following a bioterrorist incident: lessons from SARS, anthrax, and pneumonic plague.
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Rubin GJ and Dickmann P
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- Efficiency, Organizational, Health Resources statistics & numerical data, Humans, Anthrax drug therapy, Bioterrorism, Mass Casualty Incidents, Plague drug therapy, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome drug therapy, Triage organization & administration
- Abstract
A bioterrorist attack may result in a large number of people who have not been exposed coming to medical facilities in search of treatment or reassurance. In this article, we review evidence from 3 previous biological incidents that are analogous to a bioterrorist attack in order to gauge the likely incidence of such "low-risk patients" and to identify possible strategies for coping with this phenomenon. Evidence from the anthrax attacks in the United States suggested that a surge of low-risk patients is by no means inevitable. Data from the SARS outbreak illustrated that if hospitals are seen as sources of contagion, many patients with non-bioterrorism-related healthcare needs may delay seeking help. Finally, the events surrounding the pneumonic plague outbreak of 1994 in Surat, India, highlighted the need for the public to be kept adequately informed about an incident. Although it is impossible to say what the likely incidence of low-risk patients will be during a future bioterrorist incident, several strategies may help to reduce it and to safeguard the well-being of the low-risk patients themselves. These strategies include providing clear information about who should and should not attend hospital; using telephone services to provide more detailed information and initial screening; employing rapid triage at hospital entrances, based, where possible, on exposure history and objective signs of illness; and following up by telephone those judged to be at low risk.
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- 2010
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26. Report of the International Conference on Risk Communication Strategies for BSL-4 laboratories, Tokyo, October 3-5, 2007.
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Dickmann P, Keith K, Comer C, Abraham G, Gopal R, and Marui E
- Subjects
- Containment of Biohazards standards, Safety Management, Tokyo, Biohazard Release prevention & control, Communication, Internationality, Laboratories, Risk Management organization & administration
- Abstract
Working with highly pathogenic agents such as Ebola or Marburg virus in the context of infection control or biodefense research requires high-biocontainment laboratories of the Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4) to protect researchers and laboratory staff from infection and to prevent the unintentional release of harmful agents. The public perception of research on highly pathogenic agents and the operation of high-containment facilities is often ambivalent: while the output of the biomedical research is highly valued, the existence of a BSL-4 lab is often viewed with concern. Biomedical research perspectives and public perceptions often differ and can lead to tensions that could have negative effects on research, society, and politics. Therefore, risk communication plays a crucial role in siting, building, and operating a high-containment facility. The Japanese government invited risk communication experts and scientists from Canada, the U.S., Europe, and Australia to discuss their risk communication strategies for BSL-4 labs. This article describes the international perspective on risk communication and gives recommendations for successful strategies.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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