197 results on '"Dehghan, Mahshid"'
Search Results
2. Associations of dietary copper intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality: findings from the Chinese Perspective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE-China) Study
- Author
-
Li, Xiaocong, Dehghan, Mahshid, Tse, Lap Ah, Lang, Xinyue, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Liu, Weida, Hu, Bo, Yusuf, Salim, Wang, Chuangshi, and Li, Wei
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. New insights of minimum requirement on legumes (Fabaceae sp.) daily intake in Malaysia
- Author
-
Jaafar, Mohd Hasni, Ismail, Noor Hassim, Ismail, Rosnah, Md Isa, Zaleha, Mohd Tamil, Azmi, Md Yasin, Mazapuspavina, Mat Nasir, Nafiza, Ab Razak, Nurul Hafiza, Zainol Abidin, Najihah, Dehghan, Mahshid, and Yusof, Khairul Hazdi
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence and distributed systems to improve the quality of healthcare service
- Author
-
Aminizadeh, Sarina, Heidari, Arash, Dehghan, Mahshid, Toumaj, Shiva, Rezaei, Mahsa, Jafari Navimipour, Nima, Stroppa, Fabio, and Unal, Mehmet
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The role of polycystic ovary syndrome in preclinical left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: an echocardiographic approach: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Mirzohreh, Seyedeh-Tarlan, Panahi, Padideh, Zafardoust, Hooman, Zavvar, Morteza, Fathi, Nima, Dehghan, Mahshid, and Sarbakhsh, Parvin
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Case report: Endovascular treatment of transplant renal artery stenosis in patient with normal color duplex ultrasound of the renal artery
- Author
-
Jalili, Javad, primary, Khosroshahi, Hamid Tayebi, additional, Malekshoar, Mehran, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Akhgari, Aisan, additional, and Ghafouri Asbagh, Amirhosein, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Development and Comparability of a Short Food-Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Diet in Prostate Cancer Patients: The Role of Androgen Deprivation Therapy in CArdiovascular Disease – A Longitudinal Prostate Cancer Study (RADICAL PC) Substudy
- Author
-
Savija, Nevena, Leong, Darryl P, Pinthus, Jehonathan, Karampatos, Sarah, Shayegan, Bobby, Mian, Rajibul, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Fradet, Vincent, de Souza, Russell J, Mente, Andrew, and Dehghan, Mahshid
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Diet, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 80 countries
- Author
-
Mente, Andrew, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, O’Donnell, Martin, additional, Hu, Weihong, additional, Dagenais, Gilles, additional, Wielgosz, Andreas, additional, A. Lear, Scott, additional, Wei, Li, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Kaur, Manmeet, additional, Vijayakumar, K, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Szuba, Andrzej, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Nasir, Nafiza Mat, additional, Karsidag, Kubilay, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Dans, Antonio, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Gerstein, Hertzel C, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Availability, affordability, and consumption of fruits and vegetables in 18 countries across income levels: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study
- Author
-
Miller, Victoria, Yusuf, Salim, Chow, Clara K, Dehghan, Mahshid, Corsi, Daniel J, Lock, Karen, Popkin, Barry, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Khatib, Rasha, Lear, Scott A, Mony, Prem, Kaur, Manmeet, Mohan, Viswanathan, Vijayakumar, Krishnapillai, Gupta, Rajeev, Kruger, Annamarie, Tsolekile, Lungiswa, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Rahman, Omar, Rosengren, Annika, Avezum, Alvaro, Orlandini, Andrés, Ismail, Noorhassim, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Karsidag, Kubilay, Iqbal, Romaina, Chifamba, Jephat, Oakley, Solange Martinez, Ariffin, Farnaza, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Poirier, Paul, Wei, Li, Jian, Bo, Hui, Chen, Xu, Liu, Xiulin, Bai, Teo, Koon, and Mente, Andrew
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Ultra-processed foods and mortality: analysis from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study
- Author
-
Dehghan, Mahshid, primary, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lear, Scott A., additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Poirier, Paul, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Soman, Biju, additional, Wang, Chuangshi, additional, Orlandini, Andrés, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, AlHabib, Khalid F., additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Yusufali, Afzal Hussein, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Puoane, Thandi, additional, Altuntas, Yuksel, additional, Co, Homer Uy, additional, Li, Sidong, additional, Liu, Weida, additional, Zatońska, Katarzyna, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Miller, Victoria, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The relationship between ultra-processed food intake and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese women: A cross-sectional study
- Author
-
Hosseininasab, Dorsa, primary, Shiraseb, Farideh, additional, Noori, Sahar, additional, Jamili, Shahin, additional, Mazaheri-Eftekhar, Fatemeh, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, da Silva, Alessandra, additional, Bressan, Josefina, additional, and Mirzaei, Khadijeh, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Abdominal cystic lymphangiomas in pediatric cases
- Author
-
Farbod, Ali, primary, Virani, Peyman, additional, Shohratifar, Fatemeh, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, and Akhgari, Aisan, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Biatrial Myxoma with a Shared Stalk: A Case Report
- Author
-
Toufan, Mehrnoush, primary, Khezerlou-Aghdam, Naser, additional, Masoumi, Shahab, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, and Akhgari, Aisan, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Does a High-inflammatory Diet Increase the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Results From the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study: A Prospective Cohort Study
- Author
-
Narula, Neeraj, primary, Wong, Emily C.L., additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Marshall, John K., additional, Moayyedi, Paul, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Associations of unprocessed and processed meat intake with mortality and cardiovascular disease in 21 countries [Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study]: a prospective cohort study
- Author
-
Iqbal, Romaina, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Wielgosz, Andreas, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Seron, Pamela, additional, AlHabib, Khalid F, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Zatońska, Katarzyna, additional, Bo, Hu, additional, Varma, Ravi Prasad, additional, Rahman, Omar, additional, Yusufali, AfzalHussein, additional, Lu, Yin, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Imeryuz, Neşe, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Dans, Antonio, additional, Kumar, Rajesh, additional, Xiaoyun, Liu, additional, Tsolekile, Lungi, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Dietary risk factors for incidence or progression of chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes in the European Union
- Author
-
Dunkler, Daniela, Kohl, Maria, Teo, Koon K., Heinze, Georg, Dehghan, Mahshid, Clase, Catherine M., Gao, Peggy, Yusuf, Salim, Mann, Johannes F. E., and Oberbauer, Rainer
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Associations of cereal grains intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality across 21 countries in prospective urban and rural epidemiology study
- Author
-
Dehghan, Mahshid, Raj, John Michael, Thomas, Tinku, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Jenkins, David, Mony, Prem, Mohan, Viswanathan, Lear, Scott A., Avezum, Alvaro, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Rosengren, Annika, Lanas, Fernando, AlHabib, Khalid F., Dans, Antonio, Keskinler, Mirac Vural, Puoane, Thandi, Soman, Biju, Wei, Li, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Diaz, Rafael, Ismail, Noorhassim, Chifamba, Jephat, Kelishadi, Roya, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Khatib, Rasha, Xiaoyun, Liu, Bo, Hu, Iqbal, Romaina, Yusuf, Rita, Yeates, Karen, Teo, Koon, Yusuf, Salim, and Masira
- Subjects
food and beverages - Abstract
Digital Objective. To evaluate the association between intakes of refined grains, whole grains, and white rice with cardiovascular disease, total mortality, blood lipids, and blood pressure in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Design. Prospective cohort study. Setting PURE study in 21 countries. Participants 148858 participants with median follow-up of 9.5 years. Exposures Country specific validated food frequency questionnaires were used to assess intakes of refined grains, whole grains, and white rice. Main outcome measure Composite of mortality or major cardiovascular events (defined as death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure). Hazard ratios were estimated for associations of grain intakes with mortality, major cardiovascular events, and their composite by using multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts to account for clustering by centre. Results Analyses were based on 137130 participants after exclusion of those with baseline cardiovascular disease. During follow-up, 9.2% (n=12668) of these participants had a composite outcome event. The highest category of intake of refined grains (≥350 g/day or about 7 servings/day) was associated with higher risk of total mortality (hazard ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.11 to 1.46; P for trend=0.004), major cardiovascular disease events (1.33, 1.16 to 1.52; P for trend
- Published
- 2021
18. Prospective cohort study
- Author
-
Dehghan, Mahshid, Raj, John Michael, Thomas, Tinku, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Jenkins, David, Mony, Prem, Mohan, Viswanathan, Lear, Scott A., Avezum, Alvaro, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Rosengren, Annika, Lanas, Fernando, AlHabib, Khalid F., Dans, Antonio, Keskinler, Mirac Vural, Puoane, Thandi, Soman, Biju, Wei, Li, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Diaz, Rafael, Ismail, Noorhassim, Chifamba, Jephat, Kelishadi, Roya, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Khatib, Rasha, Xiaoyun, Liu, Bo, Hu, Iqbal, Romaina, Yusuf, Rita, Yeates, Karen, Teo, Koon, Yusuf, Salim, and Masira
- Abstract
Digital, Objective. To evaluate the association between intakes of refined grains, whole grains, and white rice with cardiovascular disease, total mortality, blood lipids, and blood pressure in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Design. Prospective cohort study. Setting PURE study in 21 countries. Participants 148858 participants with median follow-up of 9.5 years. Exposures Country specific validated food frequency questionnaires were used to assess intakes of refined grains, whole grains, and white rice. Main outcome measure Composite of mortality or major cardiovascular events (defined as death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure). Hazard ratios were estimated for associations of grain intakes with mortality, major cardiovascular events, and their composite by using multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts to account for clustering by centre. Results Analyses were based on 137130 participants after exclusion of those with baseline cardiovascular disease. During follow-up, 9.2% (n=12668) of these participants had a composite outcome event. The highest category of intake of refined grains (≥350 g/day or about 7 servings/day) was associated with higher risk of total mortality (hazard ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.11 to 1.46; P for trend=0.004), major cardiovascular disease events (1.33, 1.16 to 1.52; P for trend, Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud
- Published
- 2021
19. 393 ASSOCIATION OF PROCESSED FOOD INTAKE WITH RISK OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: RESULTS FROM THE PROSPECTIVE URBAN RURAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (PURE) STUDY
- Author
-
Narula, Neeraj, primary, Wong, Emily C., additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Marshall, John K., additional, Moayyedi, Paul, additional, Reinisch, Walter, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Exploring the Impact of Modifiable Factors on Serum BDNF in Psychiatric Patients and Community Controls
- Author
-
Chan,Galen, Rosic,Tea, Pasyk,Stanislav, Dehghan,Mahshid, Samaan,Zainab, Chan,Galen, Rosic,Tea, Pasyk,Stanislav, Dehghan,Mahshid, and Samaan,Zainab
- Abstract
Galen Chan,1 Tea Rosic,2,3 Stanislav Pasyk,2 Mahshid Dehghan,4 Zainab Samaan2,3 1Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; 2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; 3Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; 4Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaCorrespondence: Zainab Samaan Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural NeurosciencesMcMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaTel +1 905 522 1155 ext. 39215Fax +1 905 528 2814Email samaanz@mcmaster.caBackground: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been a focus of psychiatric research for the past two decades. BDNF has been shown to impact neural function and development. Studies have investigated serum BDNF as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. In some studies, investigators attempt to control for variables such as smoking status, exercise, or diet. However, the relationship between these factors and BDNF is not clearly established. Furthermore, some studies have questioned whether a difference in the impact of BDNF exists between psychiatric and healthy populations.Purpose: We aim to examine the association between serum BDNF levels and modifiable risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), smoking, exercise levels, and diet. Subsequently, we aim to examine whether the relationship between these risk factors and serum BDNF is different between psychiatric and control populations.Patients and Methods: We use cross-sectional data from an age- and sex-matched case–control study of participants with psychiatric inpatients and community controls without psychiatric diagnoses. Participants completed comprehensive assessments at study enrolment including sociodemographic information, smoking status, exercise, diet, and BMI. Serum BDNF levels were collected from
- Published
- 2021
21. Childhood obesity, prevalence and prevention
- Author
-
Dehghan, Mahshid, Akhtar-Danesh, Noori, and Merchant, Anwar T.
- Subjects
Obesity in children -- Prevention -- Risk factors ,Children -- Health aspects ,Company business management ,Agricultural industry ,Food/cooking/nutrition ,Health - Abstract
Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels in developed countries. Twenty five percent of children in the US are overweight and 11% are obese. Overweight and obesity in childhood are known to have significant impact on both physical and psychological health. The mechanism of obesity development is not fully understood and it is believed to be a disorder with multiple causes. Environmental factors, lifestyle preferences, and cultural environment play pivotal roles in the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide. In general, overweight and obesity are assumed to be the results of an increase in caloric and fat intake. On the other hand, there are supporting evidence that excessive sugar intake by soft drink, increased portion size, and steady decline in physical activity have been playing major roles in the rising rates of obesity all around the world. Consequently, both over-consumption of calories and reduced physical activity are involved in childhood obesity. Almost all researchers agree that prevention could be the key strategy for controlling the current epidemic of obesity. Prevention may include primary prevention of overweight or obesity, secondary prevention or prevention of weight regains following weight loss, and avoidance of more weight increase in obese persons unable to lose weight. Until now, most approaches have focused on changing the behaviour of individuals in diet and exercise. It seems, however, that these strategies have had little impact on the growing increase of the obesity epidemic. While about 50% of the adults are overweight and obese in many countries, it is difficult to reduce excessive weight once it becomes established. Children should therefore be considered the priority population for intervention strategies. Prevention may be achieved through a variety of interventions targeting built environment, physical activity, and diet. Some of these potential strategies for intervention in children can be implemented by targeting preschool institutions, schools or after-school care services as natural setting for influencing the diet and physical activity. All in all, there is an urgent need to initiate prevention and treatment of obesity in children., Introduction Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels in developed countries. Twenty five percent of children in the US are overweight and 11% are obese. About 70% of obese adolescents grow [...]
- Published
- 2012
22. Exploring the Impact of Modifiable Factors on Serum BDNF in Psychiatric Patients and Community Controls
- Author
-
Chan, Galen, primary, Rosic, Tea, additional, Pasyk, Stanislav, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, and Samaan, Zainab, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Seasonal Variation in Leisure-time Physical Activity Among Canadians
- Author
-
Merchant, Anwar T., Dehghan, Mahshid, and Akhtar-Danesh, Noori
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Analysis from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study
- Author
-
De Souza, Russell J, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, Ahmed, Suad Hashim, Alhabib, Khalid F, Altuntas, Yuksel, Basiak-Rasała, Alicja, Dagenais, Gilles-R, Diaz, Rafael, Amma, Leela Itty, Kelishadi, Roya, Khatib, Rasha, Lear, Scott A, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Mohan, Viswanathan, Poirier, Paul, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Rosengren, Annika, Ismail, Rosnah, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Yeates, Karen, Yusuf, Rita, Teo, Koon, Anand, Sonia S, Yusuf, Salim, PURE Study Investigators, and Everest
- Subjects
Global health ,Nuts ,Mortality ,Prospective cohort ,Cardiovascular disease - Abstract
Digital, Background: The association of nuts with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated mostly in Europe, the USA, and East Asia, with few data available from other regions of the world or from low- and middle-income countries. Objective: To assess the association of nuts with mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study is a large multinational prospective cohort study of adults aged 35–70 y from 16 low-, middle-, and high-income countries on 5 continents. Nut intake (tree nuts and ground nuts) was measured at the baseline visit, using country-specific validated FFQs. The primary outcome was a composite of mortality or major cardiovascular event [nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or heart failure]. Results: We followed 124,329 participants (age = 50.7 y, SD = 10.2; 41.5% male) for a median of 9.5 y. We recorded 10,928 composite events [deaths (n = 8,662) or major cardiovascular events (n = 5,979)]. Higher nut intake (>120 g per wk compared with, Ciencias médicas y de la Salud
- Published
- 2020
25. Association of egg intake with blood lipids, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 177,000 people in 50 countries
- Author
-
Dehghan, Mahshid, Smuts, Marius, Mente, Andrew, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Mohan, Viswanathan, Dehghan, Mahshid, Smuts, Marius, Mente, Andrew, Rangarajan, Sumathy, and Mohan, Viswanathan
- Abstract
Background Eggs are a rich source of essential nutrients, but they are also a source of dietary cholesterol. Therefore, some guidelines recommend limiting egg consumption. However, there is contradictory evidence on the impact of eggs on diseases, largely based on studies conducted in high-income countries. Objectives Our aim was to assess the association of egg consumption with blood lipids, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality in large global studies involving populations from low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Methods We studied 146,011 individuals from 21 countries in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Egg consumption was recorded using country-specific validated FFQs. We also studied 31,544 patients with vascular disease in 2 multinational prospective studies: ONTARGET (Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global End Point Trial) and TRANSCEND (Telmisartan Randomized Assessment Study in ACEI Intolerant Subjects with Cardiovascular Disease). We calculated HRs using multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts to account for clustering by study center separately within each study. Results In the PURE study, we recorded 14,700 composite events (8932 deaths and 8477 CVD events). In the PURE study, after excluding those with history of CVD, higher intake of egg (≥7 egg/wk compared with <1 egg/wk intake) was not significantly associated with blood lipids, composite outcome (HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.04; P-trend = 0.74), total mortality (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.15; P-trend = 0.38), or major CVD (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.01; P-trend = 0.20). Similar results were observed in ONTARGET/TRANSCEND studies for composite outcome (HR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.25; P-trend = 0.09), total mortality (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.62, 1.24; P-trend = 0.55), and major CVD (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.29; P-trend = 0.12). Conclusions In 3 large international prospective studies including ∼177,000 individuals, 12,701 deaths, and 13
- Published
- 2020
26. Association of dairy consumption with metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes in 147 812 individuals from 21 countries
- Author
-
10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Bhavadharini, Balaji, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Rangarajan, Sumathy, 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Bhavadharini, Balaji, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, and Rangarajan, Sumathy
- Abstract
Objective Our aims were to assess the association of dairy intake with prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (cross-sectionally) and with incident hypertension and incident diabetes (prospectively) in a large multinational cohort study. Methods The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a prospective epidemiological study of individuals aged 35 and 70 years from 21 countries on five continents, with a median follow-up of 9.1 years. In the cross-sectional analyses, we assessed the association of dairy intake with prevalent MetS and its components among individuals with information on the five MetS components (n=112 922). For the prospective analyses, we examined the association of dairy with incident hypertension (in 57 547 individuals free of hypertension) and diabetes (in 131 481 individuals free of diabetes). Results In cross-sectional analysis, higher intake of total dairy (at least two servings/day compared with zero intake; OR 0.76, 95%CI 0.71 to 0.80, p-trend<0.0001) was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS after multivariable adjustment. Higher intakes of whole fat dairy consumed alone (OR 0.72, 95%CI 0.66 to 0.78, p-trend<0.0001), or consumed jointly with low fat dairy (OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.80 to 0.98, p-trend=0.0005), were associated with a lower MetS prevalence. Low fat dairy consumed alone was not associated with MetS (OR 1.03, 95%CI 0.77 to 1.38, p-trend=0.13). In prospective analysis, 13 640 people with incident hypertension and 5351 people with incident diabetes were recorded. Higher intake of total dairy (at least two servings/day vs zero serving/day) was associated with a lower incidence of hypertension (HR 0.89, 95%CI 0.82 to 0.97, p-trend=0.02) and diabetes (HR 0.88, 95%CI 0.76 to 1.02, p-trend=0.01). Directionally similar associations were found for whole fat dairy versus each outcome
- Published
- 2020
27. White rice intake and incident diabetes: a study of 132,373 participants in 21 countries
- Author
-
10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Bhavadharini, Balaji, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Mohan, Viswanathan, Dehghan, Mahshid, Rangarajan, Sumathy, 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Bhavadharini, Balaji, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Mohan, Viswanathan, Dehghan, Mahshid, and Rangarajan, Sumathy
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous prospective studies on the association of white rice intake with incident diabetes have shown contradictory results but were conducted in single countries and predominantly in Asia. We report on the association of white rice with risk of diabetes in the multinational Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data on 132,373 individuals aged 35–70 years from 21 countries were analyzed. White rice consumption (cooked) was categorized as <150, ‡150 to <300, ‡300 to <450, and ‡450 g/day, based on one cup of cooked rice 5 150 g. The primary outcome was incident diabetes. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using a multivariable Cox frailty model. RESULTS During a mean follow-up period of 9.5 years, 6,129 individuals without baseline diabetes developed incident diabetes. In the overall cohort, higher intake of white rice (‡450 g/day compared with <150 g/day) was associated with increased risk of diabetes (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.02–1.40; P for trend 5 0.003). However, the highest risk was seen in South Asia (HR 1.61; 95% CI 1.13–2.30; P for trend 5 0.02), followed by other regions of the world (which included South East Asia, Middle East, South America, North America, Europe, and Africa) (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.08–1.86; P for trend 5 0.01), while in China there was no significant association (HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.77–1.40; P for trend 5 0.38). CONCLUSIONS Higher consumption of white rice is associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes with the strongest association being observed in South Asia, while in other regions, a modest, nonsignificant association was seen
- Published
- 2020
28. Association of nut intake with risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 16 countries from 5 continents: analysis from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study
- Author
-
10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, De Souza, Russell, J., Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I., 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, De Souza, Russell, J., Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, and Bangdiwala, Shrikant I.
- Abstract
Background The association of nuts with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated mostly in Europe, the USA, and East Asia, with few data available from other regions of the world or from low- and middle-income countries. Objective To assess the association of nuts with mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study is a large multinational prospective cohort study of adults aged 35–70 y from 16 low-, middle-, and high-income countries on 5 continents. Nut intake (tree nuts and ground nuts) was measured at the baseline visit, using country-specific validated FFQs. The primary outcome was a composite of mortality or major cardiovascular event [nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or heart failure]. Results We followed 124,329 participants (age = 50.7 y, SD = 10.2; 41.5% male) for a median of 9.5 y. We recorded 10,928 composite events [deaths (n = 8,662) or major cardiovascular events (n = 5,979)]. Higher nut intake (>120 g per wk compared with <30 g per mo) was associated with a lower risk of the primary composite outcome of mortality or major cardiovascular event [multivariate HR (mvHR): 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.96; P-trend = 0.0048]. Significant reductions in total (mvHR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.87; P-trend <0.0001), cardiovascular (mvHR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.92; P-trend = 0.048), and noncardiovascular mortality (mvHR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.96; P-trend = 0.0046) with a trend to reduced cancer mortality (mvHR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.65, 1.00; P-trend = 0.081) were observed. No significant associations of nuts were seen with major CVD (mvHR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.02; P-trend = 0.14), stroke (mvHR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.14; P-trend = 0.76), or MI (mvHR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.04; P-trend = 0.29). Conclusions Higher nut intake was associated with lower mortality risk from both cardiovascular and noncardiovascular causes in low-, middle-, and high-income countries
- Published
- 2020
29. Eggs and diabetes: 1 daily egg a safe bet?
- Author
-
Dehghan, Mahshid, primary, Mente, Andrew, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. White Rice Intake and Incident Diabetes: A Study of 132,373 Participants in 21 Countries
- Author
-
Bhavadharini, Balaji, primary, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Wielgosz, Andreas, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Dans, Antonio L., additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Poirier, Paul, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F., additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Zatońska, Katarzyna, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Vural Keskinler, Mirac, additional, Wei, Li, additional, Wang, Chuangshi, additional, Liu, Xiaoyun, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Keat, Ng Kien, additional, Lakshmi, P.V.M., additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Palileo-Villanueva, Lia M., additional, Sheridan, Patrick, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Association of nut intake with risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 16 countries from 5 continents: analysis from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study
- Author
-
de Souza, Russell J, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, additional, Ahmed, Suad Hashim, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F, additional, Altuntas, Yuksel, additional, Basiak-Rasała, Alicja, additional, Dagenais, Gilles-R, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Amma, Leela Itty, additional, Kelishadi, Roya, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Lear, Scott A, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Poirier, Paul, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Ismail, Rosnah, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Teo, Koon K, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Diet and health: the need for new and reliable approaches
- Author
-
Mente*, Andrew, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Association of egg intake with blood lipids, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 177,000 people in 50 countries
- Author
-
Dehghan, Mahshid, primary, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Lear, Scott, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Wielgosz, Andreas, additional, Seron, Pamela, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Turbide, Ginette, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, AlHabib, Khalid F, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Szuba, Andrzej, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Altuntas, Yuksel, additional, Liu, Xiaoyun, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Smuts, Marius, additional, Yusufali, AfzalHussein, additional, Li, Ning, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Yusoff, Khalid, additional, Kaur, Manmeet, additional, Soman, Biju, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Dans, Antonio, additional, Sheridan, Patrick, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Association of dairy consumption with metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes in 147 812 individuals from 21 countries
- Author
-
Bhavadharini, Balaji, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Sheridan, Patrick, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Lear, Scott, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Mony, Prem, additional, Varma, Ravi Prasad, additional, Kumar, Rajesh, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Oguz, Aytekin, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Rozanska, Dorota, additional, Bengtsson Bostrom, Kristina, additional, Yusoff, Khalid, additional, Tsolkile, Lungiswa P, additional, Dans, Antonio, additional, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, additional, Orlandini, Andres, additional, Poirier, Paul, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Hu, Bo, additional, Wei, Li, additional, Yin, Lu, additional, Deeraili, Ai, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Mozaffarian, Dariush, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Biatrial Myxoma with a Shared Stalk: A Case Report.
- Author
-
Toufan, Mehrnoush, Khezerlou-Aghdam, Naser, Masoumi, Shahab, Dehghan, Mahshid, and Akhgari, Aisan
- Subjects
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY ,MYXOMA ,TREATMENT effectiveness - Abstract
Myxomas are rare cardiac neoplasms and may present as single or multiple tumors. Only a few cases of single biatrial myxomas have been reported. We report a very rare case of this condition in a middle-aged woman, presenting with exertional dyspnea and cough. The patient had a resting tachycardia of 105 beats per minute, and cardiac auscultation discovered a mid-diastolic murmur across the mitral valve, followed by a tumor plop focused on the apex and elevated levels of C-reactive protein (1+) and creatine phosphokinase in lab data. The diagnosis was made via transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiographic examinations, showing the tumor extension through a patent foramen ovale (PFO). The operation was undertaken, the myxoma was excised, and the PFO was repaired. She was discharged with no further complications. Although myxomas are rare, considering this condition before surgery is significant. The involvement of both atria via a PFO is possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
36. Is bioelectrical impedance accurate for use in large epidemiological studies?
- Author
-
Dehghan, Mahshid and Merchant, Anwar T
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Low carb or high carb? Everything in moderation … until further notice
- Author
-
de Souza, Russell J, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, and Anand, Sonia S, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Is bioelectrical impedance accurate for use in large epidemiological studies?
- Author
-
Merchant Anwar T and Dehghan Mahshid
- Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Percentage of body fat is strongly associated with the risk of several chronic diseases but its accurate measurement is difficult. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a relatively simple, quick and non-invasive technique, to measure body composition. It measures body fat accurately in controlled clinical conditions but its performance in the field is inconsistent. In large epidemiologic studies simpler surrogate techniques such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio are frequently used instead of BIA to measure body fatness. We reviewed the rationale, theory, and technique of recently developed systems such as foot (or hand)-to-foot BIA measurement, and the elements that could influence its results in large epidemiologic studies. BIA results are influenced by factors such as the environment, ethnicity, phase of menstrual cycle, and underlying medical conditions. We concluded that BIA measurements validated for specific ethnic groups, populations and conditions can accurately measure body fat in those populations, but not others and suggest that for large epdiemiological studies with diverse populations BIA may not be the appropriate choice for body composition measurement unless specific calibration equations are developed for different groups participating in the study.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Is plasma vitamin C an appropriate biomarker of vitamin C intake? A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
McMillan Catherine R, Akhtar-Danesh Noori, Dehghan Mahshid, and Thabane Lehana
- Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background As the primary source of dietary vitamin C is fruit and to some extent vegetables, the plasma level of vitamin C has been considered a good surrogate or predictor of vitamin C intake by fruit and vegetable consumption. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the relationship between dietary vitamin C intakes measured by different dietary methods and plasma levels of vitamin C. Method We searched the literature up to May 2006 through the OVID interface: MEDLINE (from 1960) and EMBASE (from 1988). We also reviewed the reference lists in the articles, reviews, and textbooks retrieved. A total of 26 studies were selected and their results were combined using meta-analytic techniques with random-effect model approach. Results The overall result of this study showed a positive correlation coefficient between Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and biomarker (r = 0.35 for "both" genders, 0.39 for females, and 0.46 for males). Also the correlation between Dietary Recalls (DR)/diary and biomarker was 0.46 for "both" genders, 0.44 for females, and 0.36 for males. An overall correlation of 0.39 was found when using the weight record method. Adjusting for energy intake improved the observed correlation for FFQ from 0.31 to 0.41. In addition, we compared the correlation for smokers and non-smokers for both genders (FFQ: for non-smoker r = 0.45, adjusted for smoking r = 0.33). Conclusion Our findings show that FFQ and DR/diary have a moderate relationship with plasma vitamin C. The correlation may be affected/influenced by the presence of external factors such as vitamin bioavailability, absorption condition, stress and food processing and storage time, or by error in reporting vitamin C intake.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Diet, physical activity, and adiposity in children in poor and rich neighbourhoods: a cross-sectional comparison
- Author
-
Dehghan Mahshid, Merchant Anwar T, Behnke-Cook Deanna, and Anand Sonia S
- Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background Obesity in Canadian children increased three-fold in twenty years. Children living in low-income neighborhoods exercise less and are more overweight than those living in more affluent neighborhoods after accounting for family socio-economic status. Strategies to prevent obesity in children have focused on personal habits, ignoring neighborhood characteristics. It is essential to evaluate diet and physical activity patterns in relation to socio-economic conditions to understand the determinants of obesity. The objective of this pilot study was to compare diet, physical activity, and the built environment in two Hamilton area elementary schools serving socio-economically different communities. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study (November 2005-March 2006) in two public elementary schools in Hamilton, Ontario, School A and School B, located in low and high socioeconomic areas respectively. We assessed dietary intake, physical activity, dietary restraint, and anthropometric measures in consenting children in grades 1 and higher. From their parents we assessed family characteristics and walkability of the built environment. Results 160 children (n = 48, School A and n = 112, School B), and 156 parents (n = 43, School A and n = 113, School B) participated in this study. The parents with children at School A were less educated and had lower incomes than those at School B. The School A neighborhood was perceived to be less walkable than the School B neighborhood. Children at School A consumed more baked foods, chips, sodas, gelatin desserts, and candies and less low fat dairy, and dark bread than those at School B. Children at School A watched more television and spent more time in front of the computer than children studying at School B, but reported spending less time sitting on weekdays and weekends. Children at both schools were overweight but there was no difference in their mean BMI z-scores (School A = 0.65 versus School B = 0.81, p-value = 0.38). Conclusion The determinants of overweight in children may be more complex than imagined. In future intervention programs researchers may consider addressing environmental factors, and customizing lifestyle interventions so that they are closer to community needs.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Effects of Lipid-Lowering and Antihypertensive Treatments in Addition to Healthy Lifestyles in Primary Prevention : An Analysis of the HOPE-3 Trial
- Author
-
Dagenais, Gilles R., Jung, Hyejung, Lonn, Eva, Bogaty, Peter M., Dehghan, Mahshid, Held, Claes, Avezum, Alvaro, Jansky, Petr, Keltai, Matyas, Leiter, Lawrence A., Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Toff, William D., Bosch, Jackie, Yusuf, Salim, Dagenais, Gilles R., Jung, Hyejung, Lonn, Eva, Bogaty, Peter M., Dehghan, Mahshid, Held, Claes, Avezum, Alvaro, Jansky, Petr, Keltai, Matyas, Leiter, Lawrence A., Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Toff, William D., Bosch, Jackie, and Yusuf, Salim
- Abstract
Background-It is not clear whether the effects of lipid-lowering or antihypertensive medications are influenced by adherence to healthy lifestyle factors. We assessed the effects of both drug interventions in subgroups by the number of healthy lifestyle factors in participants in the HOPE-3 (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) trial. Methods and Results-In this primary prevention trial, 4 healthy lifestyle factors (nonsmoking status, physical activity, optimal body weight, and healthy diet) were recorded in 12 521 participants who were at intermediate risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and were randomized to rosuvastatin, candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide, their combination, or matched placebos. Median follow-up was 5.6 years. The outcome was a composite of CVD events. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression models. Participants with >= 2 healthy lifestyle factors had a lower rate of CVD compared with those with fewer factors (HR: 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-1.00). Rosuvastatin reduced CVD events in participants with >= 2 healthy lifestyle factors (HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62-0.90) and in participants with <2 factors (HR: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-1.01). Consistent results were observed with combination therapy (>= 2 factors: HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57-0.97; <2 factors: HR: 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43-0.88). Candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide tends to reduce CVD only in participants with <2 healthy lifestyle factors (HR: 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61-1.00). Conclusions-Healthy lifestyles are associated with lower CVD. Rosuvastatin alone and combined with candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide is beneficial regardless of healthy lifestyle status; however, the benefit of antihypertensive treatment appears to be limited to patients with less healthy lifestyles.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Food composition database development for between country comparisons
- Author
-
Merchant Anwar T and Dehghan Mahshid
- Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Nutritional assessment by diet analysis is a two-stepped process consisting of evaluation of food consumption, and conversion of food into nutrient intake by using a food composition database, which lists the mean nutritional values for a given food portion. Most reports in the literature focus on minimizing errors in estimation of food consumption but the selection of a specific food composition table used in nutrient estimation is also a source of errors. We are conducting a large prospective study internationally and need to compare diet, assessed by food frequency questionnaires, in a comparable manner between different countries. We have prepared a multi-country food composition database for nutrient estimation in all the countries participating in our study. The nutrient database is primarily based on the USDA food composition database, modified appropriately with reference to local food composition tables, and supplemented with recipes of locally eaten mixed dishes. By doing so we have ensured that the units of measurement, method of selection of foods for testing, and assays used for nutrient estimation are consistent and as current as possible, and yet have taken into account some local variations. Using this common metric for nutrient assessment will reduce differential errors in nutrient estimation and improve the validity of between-country comparisons.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Nutrient estimation from an FFQ developed for a black Zimbabwean population
- Author
-
Chifamba Jephat, Dehghan Mahshid, Merchant Anwar T, Terera Getrude, and Yusuf Salim
- Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background There is little information in the literature on methods of food composition database development to calculate nutrient intake from food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data. The aim of this study is to describe the development of an FFQ and a food composition table to calculate nutrient intake in a Black Zimbabwean population. Methods Trained interviewers collected 24-hour dietary recalls (24 hr DR) from high and low income families in urban and rural Zimbabwe. Based on these data and input from local experts we developed an FFQ, containing a list of frequently consumed foods, standard portion sizes, and categories of consumption frequency. We created a food composition table of the foods found in the FFQ so that we could compute nutrient intake. We used the USDA nutrient database as the main resource because it is relatively complete, updated, and easily accessible. To choose the food item in the USDA nutrient database that most closely matched the nutrient content of the local food we referred to a local food composition table. Results Almost all the participants ate sadza (maize porridge) at least 5 times a week, and about half had matemba (fish) and caterpillar more than once a month. Nutrient estimates obtained from the FFQ data by using the USDA and Zimbabwean food composition tables were similar for total energy intake intra class correlation (ICC) = 0.99, and carbohydrate (ICC = 0.99), but different for vitamin A (ICC = 0.53), and total folate (ICC = 0.68). Conclusion We have described a standardized process of FFQ and food composition database development for a Black Zimbabwean population.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Childhood obesity, prevalence and prevention
- Author
-
Merchant Anwar T, Akhtar-Danesh Noori, and Dehghan Mahshid
- Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels in developed countries. Twenty five percent of children in the US are overweight and 11% are obese. Overweight and obesity in childhood are known to have significant impact on both physical and psychological health. The mechanism of obesity development is not fully understood and it is believed to be a disorder with multiple causes. Environmental factors, lifestyle preferences, and cultural environment play pivotal roles in the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide. In general, overweight and obesity are assumed to be the results of an increase in caloric and fat intake. On the other hand, there are supporting evidence that excessive sugar intake by soft drink, increased portion size, and steady decline in physical activity have been playing major roles in the rising rates of obesity all around the world. Consequently, both over-consumption of calories and reduced physical activity are involved in childhood obesity. Almost all researchers agree that prevention could be the key strategy for controlling the current epidemic of obesity. Prevention may include primary prevention of overweight or obesity, secondary prevention or prevention of weight regains following weight loss, and avoidance of more weight increase in obese persons unable to lose weight. Until now, most approaches have focused on changing the behaviour of individuals in diet and exercise. It seems, however, that these strategies have had little impact on the growing increase of the obesity epidemic. While about 50% of the adults are overweight and obese in many countries, it is difficult to reduce excessive weight once it becomes established. Children should therefore be considered the priority population for intervention strategies. Prevention may be achieved through a variety of interventions targeting built environment, physical activity, and diet. Some of these potential strategies for intervention in children can be implemented by targeting preschool institutions, schools or after-school care services as natural setting for influencing the diet and physical activity. All in all, there is an urgent need to initiate prevention and treatment of obesity in children.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Development of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for use in United Arab Emirates and Kuwait based on local foods
- Author
-
Yusuf Salim, Nusrath Fathimunissa, Yusufali AfzalHussein, Al Hamad Nawal, Dehghan Mahshid, and Merchant Anwar T
- Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) is one of the most commonly used tools in epidemiologic studies to assess long-term nutritional exposure. The purpose of this study is to describe the development of a culture specific FFQ for Arab populations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Kuwait. Methods We interviewed samples of Arab populations over 18 years old in UAE and Kuwait assessing their dietary intakes using 24-hour dietary recall. Based on the most commonly reported foods and portion sizes, we constructed a food list with the units of measurement. The food list was converted to a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ) format following the basic pattern of SFFQ using usual reported portions. The long SFFQ was field-tested, shortened and developed into the final SFFQ. To estimate nutrients from mixed dishes we collected recipes of those mixed dishes that were commonly eaten, and estimated their nutritional content by using nutrient values of the ingredients that took into account method of preparation from the US Department of Agriculture's Food Composition Database. Results The SFFQs consist of 153 and 152 items for UAE and Kuwait, respectively. The participants reported average intakes over the past year. On average the participants reported eating 3.4 servings/d of fruits and 3.1 servings/d of vegetables in UAE versus 2.8 servings/d of fruits and 3.2 servings/d of vegetables in Kuwait. Participants reported eating cereals 4.8 times/d in UAE and 5.3 times/d in Kuwait. The mean intake of dairy products was 2.2/d in UAE and 3.4 among Kuwaiti. Conclusion We have developed SFFQs to measure diet in UAE and Kuwait that will serve the needs of public health researchers and clinicians and are currently validating those instruments.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Effects of Lipid‐Lowering and Antihypertensive Treatments in Addition to Healthy Lifestyles in Primary Prevention: An Analysis of the HOPE‐3 Trial
- Author
-
Dagenais, Gilles R., primary, Jung, Hyejung, additional, Lonn, Eva, additional, Bogaty, Peter M., additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Held, Claes, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Jansky, Petr, additional, Keltai, Matyàs, additional, Leiter, Lawrence A., additional, Lopez‐Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Toff, William D., additional, Bosch, Jackie, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Profile of suicide attempts and risk factors among psychiatric patients: A case-control study
- Author
-
Bhatt, Meha, primary, Perera, Stefan, additional, Zielinski, Laura, additional, Eisen, Rebecca B., additional, Yeung, Sharon, additional, El-Sheikh, Wala, additional, DeJesus, Jane, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Sholer, Heather, additional, Iordan, Elizabeth, additional, Mackie, Pam, additional, Islam, Shofiqul, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Thabane, Lehana, additional, and Samaan, Zainab, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
- Author
-
10922180 - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Miller, Victoria, Schutte, Aletta E., Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, 10922180 - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Miller, Victoria, Schutte, Aletta E., Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Mente, Andrew, and Dehghan, Mahshid
- Abstract
Background The association between intake of fruits, vegetables, and legumes with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated extensively in Europe, the USA, Japan, and China, but little or no data are available from the Middle East, South America, Africa, or south Asia. Methods We did a prospective cohort study (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology [PURE] in 135 335 individuals aged 35 to 70 years without cardiovascular disease from 613 communities in 18 low-income, middle-income, and highincome countries in seven geographical regions: North America and Europe, South America, the Middle East, south Asia, China, southeast Asia, and Africa. We documented their diet using country-specific food frequency questionnaires at baseline. Standardised questionnaires were used to collect information about demographic factors, socioeconomic status (education, income, and employment), lifestyle (smoking, physical activity, and alcohol intake), health history and medication use, and family history of cardiovascular disease. The follow-up period varied based on the date when recruitment began at each site or country. The main clinical outcomes were major cardiovascular disease (defined as death from cardiovascular causes and non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure), fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal and non-fatal strokes, cardiovascular mortality, non-cardiovascular mortality, and total mortality. Cox frailty models with random effects were used to assess associations between fruit, vegetable, and legume consumption with risk of cardiovascular disease events and mortality. Findings Participants were enrolled into the study between Jan 1, 2003, and March 31, 2013. For the current analysis, we included all unrefuted outcome events in the PURE study database through March 31, 2017. Overall, combined mean fruit, vegetable and legume intake was 3·91 (SD 2·77) servings per day. During a median 7·4 years (5·5–9·3) of followup, 4784 major card
- Published
- 2017
49. Availability and affordability of cardiovascular disease medicines and their effect on use in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries. An analysis of the PURE study data
- Author
-
Miller, Victoria, Yusuf, Salim, Chow, Clara K., Dehghan, Mahshid, Corsi, Daniel J., Lock, Karen, Popkin, Barry, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Khatib, Rasha, Lear, Scott A., Mony, Prem, Kaur, Manmeet, Mohan, Viswanathan, Vijayakumar, Krishnapillai, Gupta, Rajeev, Kruger, Annamarie, Tsolekile, Lungiswa, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Rahman, Omar, Rosengren, Annika, Avezum, Alvaro, Orlandini, Andrés, Ismail, Noorhassim, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Karsidag, Kubilay, Iqbal, Romaina, Chifamba, Jephat, Oakley, Solange Martinez, Ariffin, Farnaza, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Poirier, Paul, Wei, Li, Jian, Bo, Hui, Chen, Xu, Liu, Xiulin, Bai, Teo, Koon, Mente, Andrew, and Masira
- Abstract
Digital, Methods We assessed fruit and vegetable consumption using data from country-specific, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, which enrolled participants from communities in 18 countries between Jan 1, 2003, and Dec 31, 2013. We documented household income data from participants in these communities; we also recorded the diversity and non-sale prices of fruits and vegetables from grocery stores and market places between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2013. We determined the cost of fruits and vegetables relative to income per household member. Linear random effects models, adjusting for the clustering of households within communities, were used to assess mean fruit and vegetable intake by their relative cost. Findings Of 143 305 participants who reported plausible energy intake in the food frequency questionnaire, mean fruit and vegetable intake was 3·76 servings (95% CI 3·66–3·86) per day. Mean daily consumption was 2·14 servings (1·93–2·36) in low-income countries (LICs), 3·17 servings (2·99–3·35) in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), 4·31 servings (4·09–4·53) in upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), and 5·42 servings (5·13–5·71) in high-income countries (HICs). In 130 402 participants who had household income data available, the cost of two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables per day per individual accounted for 51·97% (95% CI 46·06–57·88) of household income in LICs, 18·10% (14·53–21·68) in LMICs, 15·87% (11·51–20·23) in UMICs, and 1·85% (−3·90 to 7·59) in HICs (ptrend=0·0001). In all regions, a higher percentage of income to meet the guidelines was required in rural areas than in urban areas (p, Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud
- Published
- 2016
50. Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System : A Report from the Workshop Convened by the World Heart Federation
- Author
-
Anand, Sonia S., Hawkes, Corinna, De Souza, Russell J., Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, Nugent, Rachel, Zulyniak, Michael A., Weis, Tony, Bernstein, Adam M., Krauss, Ronald M., Kromhout, Daan, Jenkins, David J.A., Malik, Vasanti, Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A., Mozaffarian, Dariush, Yusuf, Salim, Willett, Walter C., and Popkin, Barry M.
- Subjects
climate change ,Nutrition and Disease ,cardiovascular disease ,Voeding en Ziekte ,food consumption ,Humane Voeding & Gezondheid ,low- and middle-income countries ,food system ,diet ,Human Nutrition & Health - Abstract
Major scholars in the field, on the basis of a 3-day consensus, created an in-depth review of current knowledge on the role of diet in cardiovascular disease (CVD), the changing global food system and global dietary patterns, and potential policy solutions. Evidence from different countries and age/race/ethnicity/socioeconomic groups suggesting the health effects studies of foods, macronutrients, and dietary patterns on CVD appear to be far more consistent though regional knowledge gaps is highlighted. Large gaps in knowledge about the association of macronutrients to CVD in low- and middle-income countries particularly linked with dietary patterns are reviewed. Our understanding of foods and macronutrients in relationship to CVD is broadly clear; however, major gaps exist both in dietary pattern research and ways to change diets and food systems. On the basis of the current evidence, the traditional Mediterranean-type diet, including plant foods and emphasis on plant protein sources provides a well-tested healthy dietary pattern to reduce CVD.
- Published
- 2015
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.