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1. Automated Analysis of Behavioural Variability and Filial Imprinting of Chicks (G. gallus) using Autonomous Robots

Author

Gribovskiy, A., Mondada, F., Deneubourg, J. L., Cazenille, L., Bredeche, N., Halloy, J., Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED (UMR_8236)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Collective Behaviour, High-Throughput Ethology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], FOS: Physical sciences, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Machine Learning (cs.LG), Filial imprinting, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Gallus gallus domesticus, Computer Science - Learning, Computer Science - Robotics, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph), FOS: Biological sciences, Physics - Biological Physics, Autonomous Robots, Robotics (cs.RO), Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
Abstract

Inter-individual variability has various impacts in animal social behaviour. This implies that not only collective behaviours have to be studied but also the behavioural variability of each member composing the groups. To understand those effects on group behaviour, we develop a quantitative methodology based on automated ethograms and autonomous robots to study the inter-individual variability among social animals. We choose chicks of \textit{Gallus gallus domesticus} as a classic social animal model system for their suitability in laboratory and controlled experimentation. Moreover, even domesticated chicken present social structures implying forms or leadership and filial imprinting. We develop an imprinting methodology on autonomous robots to study individual and social behaviour of free moving animals. This allows to quantify the behaviours of large number of animals. We develop an automated experimental methodology that allows to make relatively fast controlled experiments and efficient data analysis. Our analysis are based on high-throughput data allowing a fine quantification of individual behavioural traits. We quantify the efficiency of various state-of-the-art algorithms to automate data analysis and produce automated ethograms. We show that the use of robots allows to provide controlled and quantified stimuli to the animals in absence of human intervention. We quantify the individual behaviour of 205 chicks obtained from hatching after synchronized fecundation. Our results show a high variability of individual behaviours and of imprinting quality and success. Three classes of chicks are observed with various level of imprinting. Our study shows that the concomitant use of autonomous robots and automated ethograms allows detailed and quantitative analysis of behavioural patterns of animals in controlled laboratory experiments., 17 pages, 17 figures, 2 tables

Published
2021

2. The Global Methane Budget: 2000–2017

Author

M. Saunois, A. R. Stavert, B. Poulter, P. Bousquet, J. G. Canadell, R. B. Jackson, P. A. Raymond, E. J. Dlugokencky, S. Houweling, P. K. Patra, P. Ciais, V. K. Arora, D. Bastviken, P. Bergamaschi, D. R. Blake, G. Brailsford, L. Bruhwiler, K. M. Carlson, M. Carrol, S. Castaldi, N. Chandra, C. Crevoisier, P. M. Crill, K. Covey, C. L. Curry, G. Etiope, C. Frankenberg, N. Gedney, M. I. Hegglin, L. Höglund-Isaksson, G. Hugelius, M. Ishizawa, A. Ito, G. Janssens-Maenhout, K. M. Jensen, F. Joos, T. Kleinen, P. B. Krummel, R. L. Langenfelds, G. G. Laruelle, L. Liu, T. Machida, S. Maksyutov, K. C. McDonald, J. McNorton, P. A. Miller, J. R. Melton, I. Morino, J. Müller, F. Murguia-Flores, V. Naik, Y. Niwa, S. Noce, S. O'Doherty, R. J. Parker, C. Peng, S. Peng, G. P. Peters, C. Prigent, R. Prinn, M. Ramonet, P. Regnier, W. J. Riley, J. A. Rosentreter, A. Segers, I. J. Simpson, H. Shi, S. J. Smith, L. P. Steele, B. F. Thornton, H. Tian, Y. Tohjima, F. N. Tubiello, A. Tsuruta, N. Viovy, A. Voulgarakis, T. S. Weber, M. van Weele, G. R. van der Werf, R. F. Weiss, D. Worthy, D. Wunch, Y. Yin, Y. Yoshida, W. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhao, B. Zheng, Q. Zhu, Q. Zhuang, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation INVerse pour les mesures atmosphériques et SATellitaires (SATINV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research [Aspendale], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Department of Earth System Science [Stanford] (ESS), Stanford EARTH, Stanford University-Stanford University, Yale School of the Environment (YSE), NOAA/University of Colorado, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Thematic Studies – Technology and Social Change, Linköping University (LIU), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Department of Chemistry [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Università degli studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli' = University of the Study of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Skidmore College [Saratoga Springs], Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium, University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Roma (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], University of Reading (UOR), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Aspendale, VIC, Australia, Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University [West Lafayette], European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Lund University [Lund], Climate Research Division [Toronto], School of Geographical Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC), School of Chemistry [Bristol], NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University [Beijing], Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), ICOS-RAMCES (ICOS-RAMCES), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry Research, Southern Cross University (SCU), TNO Climate, Air and Sustainability [Utrecht], The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), International Center for Climate and Global Change Research and School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)-University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, CISRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Department of Geological Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, FAO Forestry, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC), Department of Chemistry [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, University of Rochester [USA], Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of Toronto, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Department of Geographical Sciences [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], Hohai University, European Project: 725546,Metlake, European Project: 776810,H2020,H2020-SC5-2017-OneStageB,VERIFY(2018), European Project: 773421,H2020,H2020-BG-2017-1,NUNATARYUK(2017), Natural Environment Research Council [2006-2012], Earth Sciences, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Saunois, M., R. Stavert, A., Poulter, B., Bousquet, P., G. Canadell, J., B. Jackson, R., A. Raymond, P., J. Dlugokencky, E., Houweling, S., K. Patra, P., Ciais, P., K. Arora, V., Bastviken, D., Bergamaschi, P., R. Blake, D., Brailsford, G., Bruhwiler, L., M. Carlson, K., Carrol, M., Castaldi, S., Chandra, N., Crevoisier, C., M. Crill, P., Covey, K., L. Curry, C., Etiope, G., Frankenberg, C., Gedney, N., I. Hegglin, M., Hoglund-Isaksson, L., Hugelius, G., Ishizawa, M., Ito, A., Janssens-Maenhout, G., M. Jensen, K., Joos, F., Kleinen, T., B. Krummel, P., L. Langenfelds, R., G. Laruelle, G., Liu, L., Machida, T., Maksyutov, S., C. McDonald, K., Mcnorton, J., A. Miller, P., R. Melton, J., Morino, I., Muller, J., Murguia-Flores, F., Naik, V., Niwa, Y., Noce, S., O'Doherty, S., J. Parker, R., Peng, C., Peng, S., P. Peters, G., Prigent, C., Prinn, R., Ramonet, M., Regnier, P., J. Riley, W., A. Rosentreter, J., Segers, A., J. Simpson, I., Shi, H., J. Smith, S., Paul Steele, L., F. Thornton, B., Tian, H., Tohjima, Y., N. Tubiello, F., Tsuruta, A., Viovy, N., Voulgarakis, A., S. Weber, T., Van Weele, M., R. Van Der Werf, G., F. Weiss, R., Worthy, D., Wunch, D., Yin, Y., Yoshida, Y., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zheng, B., Zhu, Q., and Zhuang, Q.

Subjects
Naturgeografi, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, TRACE GASES, ATMOSPHERIC METHANE, 010501 environmental sciences, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, CARBON-DIOXIDE, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Climate change, CH4 EMISSIONS, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, lcsh:Environmental sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lcsh:GE1-350, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 0303 health sciences, GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS, Atmospheric methane, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Géochimie, Geology, methane, global warming, climate change, greenhouse gases, Carbon project, Atmospheric chemistry, Physical Sciences, 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS, NATURAL-GAS, PROCESS-BASED MODEL, 530 Physics, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, Global Carbon Project, 0402 Geochemistry, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, Radiative forcing, 15. Life on land, Trace gas, lcsh:Geology, chemistry, TM 4D-VAR V1.0, Physical Geography, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, GOSAT SWIR XCO2, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Global methane (CH4) budget, 0401 Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budgetis important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change.Atmospheric emissions and concentrations of CH4 continue to increase,making CH4 the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas interms of climate forcing, after carbon dioxide (CO2). The relativeimportance of CH4 compared to CO2 depends on its shorteratmospheric lifetime, stronger warming potential, and variations inatmospheric growth rate over the past decade, the causes of which are stilldebated. Two major challenges in reducing uncertainties in the atmosphericgrowth rate arise from the variety of geographically overlapping CH4sources and from the destruction of CH4 by short-lived hydroxylradicals (OH). To address these challenges, we have established aconsortium of multidisciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the GlobalCarbon Project to synthesize and stimulate new research aimed at improvingand regularly updating the global methane budget. Following Saunois et al. (2016), we present here the second version of the living review paperdedicated to the decadal methane budget, integrating results of top-downstudies (atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modellingframework) and bottom-up estimates (including process-based models forestimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, inventories ofanthropogenic emissions, and data-driven extrapolations). For the 2008–2017 decade, global methane emissions are estimated byatmospheric inversions (a top-down approach) to be 576 Tg CH4 yr−1 (range 550–594, corresponding to the minimum and maximumestimates of the model ensemble). Of this total, 359 Tg CH4 yr−1 or∼ 60 % is attributed to anthropogenic sources, that isemissions caused by direct human activity (i.e. anthropogenic emissions; range 336–376 Tg CH4 yr−1 or 50 %–65 %). The mean annual total emission for the new decade (2008–2017) is29 Tg CH4 yr−1 larger than our estimate for the previous decade (2000–2009),and 24 Tg CH4 yr−1 larger than the one reported in the previousbudget for 2003–2012 (Saunois et al. 2016). Since 2012, global CH4emissions have been tracking the warmest scenarios assessed by theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Bottom-up methods suggest almost30 % larger global emissions (737 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 594–881)than top-down inversion methods. Indeed, bottom-up estimates for naturalsources such as natural wetlands, other inland water systems, and geologicalsources are higher than top-down estimates. The atmospheric constraints onthe top-down budget suggest that at least some of these bottom-up emissionsare overestimated. The latitudinal distribution of atmosphericobservation-based emissions indicates a predominance of tropical emissions(∼ 65 % of the global budget, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2020
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3. A Census of Basal Ice Samples from Deep Ice Cores at NBI

Author

Tison, Jean-Louis, Blard, Pierre-Henri, Wauthy, Sarah, Protin, Marie, Ardoin, Lisa, Tsibulskaya, Veronica, Inoue, Mana, Fripiat, François, Steffensen, J.P, Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), and Blard, Pierre-Henri

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

4. Polymorphism of dioctyl-terthiophene within thin films: The role of the first monolayer

Author

Lercher, Christoph, Röthel, Christian, Roscioni, Otello Maria, Geerts, Yves Henri, Shen, Quan, Teichert, Christian, Fischer, Roland, Leising, Günther, Sferrazza, Michele, Gbabode, Gabin, Resel, Roland, Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘‘Toso Montanari’’, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives (SMS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institute of Solid State Physics [Graz] (ISSP), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz), and Collaboration

Subjects
[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, sense organs, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy(all), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Article
Abstract

The origins of specific polymorphic phases within thin films are still not well understood. The polymorphism of the molecule dioctyl-terthiophene is investigated during the presence of a silicon-oxide surface during the crystallisation process. It is found that a monolayer of molecules forms two-dimensional crystals on the surface. In the case of thicker films crystalline islands are formed, a comparison of the three polymorphic phases observed within thin films and the thermodynamically more stable single crystal phases reveals distinct differences which can be related to an adaption of the molecular packing with the flat surface of the substrate.

Published
2015
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5. X-ray Structural Investigation of Nonsymmetrically and Symmetrically Alkylated [1]Benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene Derivatives in Bulk and Thin Films

Author

Michele Sferrazza, Yves Geerts, Jean-Yves Balandier, Christian Ruzié, Claude Niebel, Denise Mondieig, Philippe Négrier, Roland Resel, Gabin Gbabode, Michael Dohr, Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Institute of Solid State Physics [Graz] (ISSP), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz), Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine (LOMA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Diffraction, Materials science, X ray diffraction, organic thin films, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, polymorphism, chemistry.chemical_compound, substrate-induced phase, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, General Materials Science, Thin film, Organic electronics, Benzothiophene, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, X-ray diffraction, Organic semiconductor, organic electronics, Crystallography, chemistry, X-ray crystallography, 0210 nano-technology, substrate induced phase, Powder diffraction
Abstract

International audience; A detailed structural study of the bulk and thin film phases observed for two potential high-performance organic semiconductors has been carried out. The molecules are based on [1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (BTBT) as conjugated core and octyl side groups, which are anchored either symmetrically at both sides of the BTBT core (C8-BTBT-C8) or nonsymmetrically at one side only (C8-BTBT). Thin films of different thickness (8-85 nm) have been prepared by spin-coating for both systems and analyzed by combining specular and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. In the case of C8-BTBT-C8, the known crystal structure obtained from single-crystal investigations is observed within all thin films, down to a film thickness of 9 nm. In the case of C8-BTBT, the crystal structure of the bulk phase has been determined from X-ray powder diffraction data with a consistent matching of experimental and calculated X-ray diffraction patterns (Rwp = 5.8%). The packing arrangement of C8-BTBT is similar to that of C8-BTBT-C8, that is, consisting of a lamellar structure with molecules arranged in a "herringbone" fashion, yet with lamellae composed of two head-to-head (or tail-to-tail as the structure is periodic) superimposed molecules instead of only one molecule for C8-BTBT-C8. As for C8-BTBT-C8, we demonstrate that the same phase is observed in bulk and thin films for C8-BTBT whatever the film thickness investigated.

Published
2014
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6. Dynamics of Charged Events

Author

Marc Henneaux, Constantin Bachas, Claudio Bunster, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS (LPTENS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique Théorique et Mathématique [Bruxelles] (ULB 150), Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS [École Normale Supérieure] (LPTENS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique Théorique et Mathématique, and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

Subjects
Josephson effect, High Energy Physics - Theory, Duality, Magnetic monopole, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Quantization (physics), Theoretical physics, High Energy Physics::Theory, Quantum mechanics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Josephson junction, 0103 physical sciences, Brane cosmology, D-brane, 010306 general physics, Physics, Spacetime, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th], Space time, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Observable, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), D-branes
Abstract

In three spacetime dimensions the worldvolume of a magnetic source is a single point, an event. We make the event dynamical by regarding it as the imprint of a flux-carrying particle impinging from an extra dimension. This can be generalized to higher spacetime dimensions and to extended events. We exhibit universal observable consequences of the existence of events and argue that events are as important as particles or branes. We explain how events arise on the worldvolume of membranes in M theory, and in a Josephson junction in superconductivity., 4 pages, no figures

Published
2009
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7. Structural characterization of a [1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (btbt) derivative in bulk and thin films

Author

Gabin Gbabode, Yves Geerts, Denise Mondieig, Gérard Coquerel, Aurelien Blangenois, Philippe Négrier, Michele Sferrazza, Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives (SMS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine (LOMA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and Lemercier, Aurélien

Subjects
Materials science, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Structural Biology, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Organic chemistry, General Materials Science, [CHIM.CRIS] Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Thin film, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Benzothiophene, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, Characterization (materials science), [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, chemistry, Physical chemistry, Derivative (chemistry)
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015
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8. GCM Analysis of the collective properties of lead isotopes with exact projection on particle numbers

Author

P. Bonche, Hubert Flocard, Paul-Henri Heenen, Michaël Bender, A. Valor, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique Théorique et Mathématique [Bruxelles] (ULB 150), Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotope, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Nuclear Theory, Magnetic monopole, FOS: Physical sciences, GCM transcription factors, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Vibration, symbols.namesake, Pairing, Quantum mechanics, Quadrupole, symbols, PACS numbers: 21.10.-k Properties of nuclei, nuclear energy levels – 21.60.-n Nuclear-structure models and methods– 27.80.+w 190 ≤ A ≤ 219, Physics::Atomic Physics, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
Abstract

We present a microscopic analysis of the collective behaviour of the lead isotopes in the vicinity of Pb208. In this study, we rely on a coherent approach based on the Generator Coordinate Method including exact projection on N and Z numbers within a collective space generated by means of the constrained Hartree-Fock BCS method. With the same Hamiltonian used in HF+BCS calculations, we have performed a comprehensive study including monopole, quadrupole and octupole excitations as well as pairing vibrations. We find that, for the considered nuclei, the collective modes which modify the most the conclusions drawn from the mean-field theory are the octupole and pairing vibrations., 10 pages LATEX, 8 figures, submitted to EPJA

Published
2001

9. Superdeformed bands of odd nuclei in A=190 region in the quasiparticle picture

Author

Jun Terasaki, Paul-Henri Heenen, Hubert Flocard, Paul Bonche, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Service de Physique Théorique (SPhT), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hartree–Fock method, FOS: Physical sciences, Moment of inertia, 01 natural sciences, Quasi particles, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear physics, PACS number~s!: 21.10.Re, 21.60.Ev, 27.80.1w, Pairing, 0103 physical sciences, Collective model, Quasiparticle, Nuclear force, 010306 general physics, Nuclear theory
Abstract

We study the properties of the superdeformed (SD) bands of 195Pb and 193Hg by the cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method. Our calculations reproduce the flat behavior of the dynamical moment of inertia of two of the SD bands of 195Pb measured recently. We discuss possible configuration assignments for the observed bands 3 and 4 of 195Pb. We also calculate the two interacting SD bands of 193Hg. Our analysis confirms the superiority of a density-dependent pairing force over a seniority pairing interaction., 12 pages, 5 Postscript figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.C

Published
1997
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10. Microscopic study of superdeformation in the A=150 mass region

Author

Hubert Flocard, Paul-Henri Heenen, Paul Bonche, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Physique Théorique (SPhT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique Théorique et Mathématique [Bruxelles] (ULB 150), Département de Physique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotope, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Moment of inertia, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, 3. Good health, Superdeformation, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Quality (physics), Pairing, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract

The cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method presented in previous studies of superdeformed bands in Hg and Pb isotopes is applied to the study of superdeformed bands in Gd150, Dy152, Dy151 and Tb151. The same density-dependent zero-range pairing interaction used in the A=190 mass region leads to a similarly good agreement with the experimental data. In particular, our results confirm the importance of a correct treatment of pairing correlations in Gd150 to reproduce its experimental dynamical moment of inertia. The quasi-particle spectra obtained for all the nuclei studied here are compatible with the experimental results obtained for excited bands in this mass region. The quality of our results opens the possibility of studying microscopically very subtle phenomena like the properties of identical bands., 13 pages, 14 figures

Published
1995
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