76 results on '"Cybulska, Iwona"'
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2. Organosolv delignification of agricultural residues (date palm fronds, Phoenix dactylifera L.) of the United Arab Emirates
- Author
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Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Zembrzuska, Joanna, Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, Lopez, Celia Garcia-Banos, and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
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- 2017
- Full Text
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3. A guide to lignin valorization in biorefineries: traditional, recent, and forthcoming approaches to convert raw lignocellulose into valuable materials and chemicals
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Brienza, Filippo, Cannella, David, Montesdeoca, Diego, Cybulska, Iwona, Debecker, Damien D.P., Brienza, Filippo, Cannella, David, Montesdeoca, Diego, Cybulska, Iwona, and Debecker, Damien D.P.
- Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant source of renewable aromatics on Earth, yet its enormous potential remains underexploited in current biorefinery and pulping processes. The extensive degree of condensation of the lignin fractions produced via the most widely adopted biomass pretreatments (i.e. “technical lignin”) poses a prominent limitation to their subsequent conversion toward valuable products. In this work, a broad range of methods for biomass pretreatment are reviewed, illustrating the impact of each strategy on the properties of the isolated lignin and carbohydrate fractions. The main pathways for the valorization of the obtained lignin streams (i.e. toward polymeric materials or chemicals) are critically discussed, and the relationship existing between (i) native lignin structure, (ii) pretreatment conditions, and (iii) lignin processability is rationalized. A key aspect for producing lignin streams amenable to further upgrading is the prevention of condensation reactions between lignin fragments during biomass fractionation. In this respect, a class of so-called “lignin-first” pretreatments, targeting the prompt stabilization of reactive lignin intermediates to minimize lignin condensation, has recently gained momentum. Herein, lignin-first approaches are reviewed, discussing in detail the fate of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose for each strategy. The potential of lignin-first biorefineries to realize a more complete valorization of lignocellulose and the current limitations of each method are highlighted. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the technologies that are available or currently emerging for lignin isolation and subsequent valorization., SCOPUS: re.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2023
4. Evaluation of Composition and Biogas Production Potential from Seagrass (Halodule uninervis) Native to Abu Dhabi
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Brudecki, Grzegorz, Farzanah, Reda, Cybulska, Iwona, Schmidt, Jens E., and Thomsen, Mette H.
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- 2015
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5. Organosolv Fractionation of Palm Tree Residues
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Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, and Tomsen, Mette H.
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- 2015
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6. Compositional Changes in Hydroponically Cultivated Salicornia europaea at Different Growth Stages.
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Turcios, Ariel E., Braem, Lukas, Jonard, Camille, Lemans, Tom, Cybulska, Iwona, and Papenbrock, Jutta
- Subjects
XYLANS ,CULTIVATED plants ,PLANT polyphenols ,BIOMASS production ,PLANT productivity ,CLIMATE change ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,PLANT phenology - Abstract
Abiotic stress conditions, such as salinity, affect plant development and productivity and threaten the sustainability of agricultural production. Salt has been proven to accumulate in soil and water over time as a result of various anthropogenic activities and climatic changes. Species of the genus Salicornia thrive in the most saline environments and have a wide climatic tolerance. They can be found in a variety of subtropical, oceanic, and continental environments. This study aims to establish Salicornia europaea as a novel source of plant-based compounds that can grow in areas unsuitable for other crops. The morphological and compositional changes in the tissues of S. europaea in different consecutive developmental stages have not been investigated so far. Therefore, a comprehensive study of changes during the lifecycle of S. europaea was carried out, following changes in the plant's composition, including biomass yield, and soluble and insoluble compounds. For this, plants were cultivated in hydroponics for 15 weeks and harvested weekly to analyze biomass production, to determine soluble and insoluble compounds, protein content, and polyphenols. According to the results, glucan, xylan, and lignin increase with plant age, while water extractives decrease. Protein content is higher in young plants, while flavonoid content depends on the phenological stage, decreasing in the early flowering stage and then increasing as plants enter early senescence. Our results can aid in finding the optimal harvesting stage of S. europaea, depending on the component of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Technical and economic performance of the dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass
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UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, UCL - SST/IMCN/BSMA - Bio and soft matter, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Tschulkow, Maxim, Nimmegeers, Philippe, Van Passel, Steven, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, UCL - SST/IMCN/BSMA - Bio and soft matter, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Tschulkow, Maxim, Nimmegeers, Philippe, Van Passel, Steven, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Debecker, Damien P., and Cybulska, Iwona
- Abstract
The development of biomass pretreatment approaches that, next to (hemi)cellulose valorization, aim at the conversion of lignin to chemicals is essential for the long-term success of a biorefinery. Herein, we discuss a dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation (DAOF) of lignocellulose in n-butanol and water to produce cellulosic pulp and mono-/oligo-aromatics. The present study frames the technicalities of this biorefinery process and relates them to the features of the obtained product streams. Via the extensive characterization of the solid pulp (by acid hydrolysis-HPLC, ATR-FTIR, XRD, SEM and enzymatic hydrolysis-HPLC), of lignin derivatives (by GPC, GC-MS/FID, 1H-13C HSQC NMR, and ICP-AES) and of carbohydrate derivatives (by HPLC) we comprehensively identify and quantify the different products of interest. These results were used for inspecting the economic feasibility of DAOF. The adoption of a dithionite loading of 16.7% w/wbiomass and of an equivolumetric mixture of n-butanol and water, which led to a high yield of monophenolics (~20%, based on acid insoluble lignin, for the treatment of birch sawdust), was identified as the most profitable process configuration. Furthermore, the treatment of various lignocellulosic feedstocks was explored, which showed that DAOF is particularly effective for processing hardwood and herbaceous biomass. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive view of the development of an effective dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation method for the sustainable upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass.
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- 2022
8. Extending the scope of reductive lignin depolymerization toward new feedstocks and innovative non-metal approaches
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, UCL - Ingénierie biologique, agronomique et environnementale, Cybulska, Iwona, Debecker, Damien, Gerin, Patrick, Luis Alconero, Patricia, Sels, Bert, Galkin, Maxim, Mahillon, Jacques, Brienza, Filippo, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, UCL - Ingénierie biologique, agronomique et environnementale, Cybulska, Iwona, Debecker, Damien, Gerin, Patrick, Luis Alconero, Patricia, Sels, Bert, Galkin, Maxim, Mahillon, Jacques, and Brienza, Filippo
- Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant source of renewable aromatics on Earth, but its tendency to undergo irreversible condensation reactions during lignocellulose pretreatment hampers its valorization in current biorefinery schemes. A strategy for circumventing this issue is the so-called reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF), which relies on the use of redox catalysts and hydrogen gas to promote the reductive cleavage of lignin and to prevent lignin condensation, ultimately yielding low-molecular weight phenolics, along with a delignified (hemi)cellulose fraction. Some limitations must be overcome to improve the potential of RCF. The treatment of biomass feedstocks alternative to the widely explored virgin wood is important for extending the range of applications of this method. In addition, the recurrent adoption of high pressures of hydrogen gas poses safety and equipment constraints. This dissertation reports on research undertaken to investigate the RCF of wheat straw, an inexpensive and abundantly available agricultural residue, with a focus on the study of hydrogen-free process configurations. Moreover, an innovative dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation (DAOF) method for the reductive depolymerization of lignin within biomass pretreatment is developed, based on the use of sodium dithionite as a reducing agent, instead of hydrogen gas and redox catalysts. Overall, this dissertation shows that RCF and DAOF represent promising approaches for the sustainable production of light aromatics via the reductive depolymerization of lignin., (AGRO - Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique) -- UCL, 2022
- Published
- 2022
9. Unleashing lignin potential through the dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Tschulkow, Maxim, Nimmegeers, Philippe, Van Passel, Steven, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Tschulkow, Maxim, Nimmegeers, Philippe, Van Passel, Steven, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Debecker, Damien P., and Cybulska, Iwona
- Abstract
The development of biomass pretreatment approaches that, next to (hemi)cellulose valorization, aim at the conversion of lignin to chemicals is essential for the long-term success of a biorefinery. Herein, we discuss a dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation (DAOF) of lignocellulose in n-butanol and water to produce cellulosic pulp and mono-/oligo-aromatics. The study frames the technicalities of this biorefinery process and relates them to the features of the obtained product streams. We comprehensively identify and quantify all products of interest: solid pulp (acid hydrolysis-HPLC, ATR-FTIR, XRD, SEM, enzymatic hydrolysis-HPLC), lignin derivatives (GPC, GC–MS/FID, 1H–13C HSQC NMR, ICP-AES), and carbohydrate derivatives (HPLC). These results were used for inspecting the economic feasibility of DAOF. In the best process configuration, a high yield of monophenolics was reached (∼20 wt%, based on acid insoluble lignin in birch sawdust). Various other lignocellulosic feedstocks were also explored, showing that DAOF is particularly effective on hardwood and herbaceous biomass. Overall, this study demonstrates that DAOF is a viable fractionation method for the sustainable upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass.
- Published
- 2022
10. Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Wheat Straw Biomass
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UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Cybulska, Iwona, Debecker, Damien P., UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Cybulska, Iwona, and Debecker, Damien P.
- Abstract
The reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) is a promising method for the development of “lignin-first” biorefineries. Apart from the widely investigated virgin woody biomass, it is essential to explore the potential of waste biomass feedstocks. Herein, the RCF of wheat straw is examined to produce lignin mono-/oligomers along with a processable carbohydrate pulp. The use of different catalysts (Ru/C and Ru/Al2O3) and catalyst loadings (0–20% w/wbiomass) revealed the superior performance of Ru/C, which resulted in the largest yield of phenolic monomers (up to ∼25 wt % of initial acid-insoluble lignin) and in the lowest formation of high-molecular-weight fragments in the extracted lignin oil. Furthermore, the operating temperature was shown to substantially affect both lignin extraction–depolymerization and polysaccharides preservation–processability. For a reaction time of 3 h, an increase of the temperature from 200 to 250 °C resulted in a >2-fold boost of the yields of lignin oil and monophenolics, while the recovery of polysaccharides decreased by about 30 wt % (with ∼20% lower enzymatic digestibility). An economic assessment highlighted that the high-temperature treatment becomes the most profitable configuration as the market price of lignin products increases. Overall, this work provides insight into the adoption of the RCF for the upgrading of lignocellulose from inexpensive and widely available wheat straw biomass.
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- 2022
11. Catalyzed modified clean fractionation of prairie cordgrass integrated with hydrothermal post-treatment
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Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Rosentrater, Kurt, Lei, Hanwu, and Julson, James
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- 2012
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12. Lignin valorization via a dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Brienza, Filippo, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, ELI-Day, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Brienza, Filippo, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, and ELI-Day
- Published
- 2021
13. Lignin-first fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass from agricultural residues
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Brienza, Filippo, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, 25th National Symposium for Applied Biological Sciences, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology
- Subjects
food and beverages - Abstract
Lignin monomers and short-chain oligomers, as well as purified cellulose and hemicellulose fractions, represent extremely valuable chemicals for green chemistry applications, including biofuel production, polymers manufacturing and pharmaceutical applications. Currently, no method is available that would offer a means to achieve an efficient, industrially feasible, process for the fractionation of lignocellulose into such interesting intermediates. This research is targeting the controlled lignin extraction and depolymerization from agricultural residues (e.g. wheat straw, corn stover) through catalytic hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation during the "solvolysis" process, which yields lignin oligomers and phenolic monomers(guaiacyl, syringyl and coumaryl alcohol derivatives). The influence of operating conditions on delignification, lignin depolymerization and carbohydrate retention has been investigated. Catalysts based on transition metals (e.g. Ni) have been studied with the goal of replacing the more expensive precious metal catalysts employed in the current research. In parallel, the possibility of eliminating the hydrogen gas used in the process, by substituting it with hydrogen donor solvents, has been inspected. The intermediates produced within the process (including the lignin oil and the carbohydrate fraction) have been characterized to assess its performance, as well as to evaluate the most favorable routes for further transformation and valorization of the obtained products. Process optimization has been performed aimed at reducing the process severity, while maximizing the yield of lignin mono/oligomers and recovered carbohydrates, thus targeting future industrial implementation.
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- 2020
14. Cornus mas L. Stones: A Valuable By-Product as an Ellagitannin Source with High Antioxidant Potential.
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Przybylska, Dominika, Kucharska, Alicja Z, Cybulska, Iwona, Sozański, Tomasz, Piórecki, Narcyz, Fecka, Izabela, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Przybylska, Dominika, Kucharska, Alicja Z, Cybulska, Iwona, Sozański, Tomasz, Piórecki, Narcyz, and Fecka, Izabela
- Abstract
The stone of L. remains the least known morphological part of this plant, whereas the fruit is appreciated for both consumption purposes and biological activity. The stone is considered to be a byproduct of fruit processing and very little is known about its phytochemical composition and biological properties. In this study, the complete qualitative determination of hydrolyzable tannins, their quantitative analysis, total polyphenolic content, and antioxidant properties of the stone of are presented for the first time. The 37 identified compounds included the following: various gallotannins (), monomeric ellagitannins (), dimeric ellagitannins (), and trimeric ellagitannins (). The presence of free gallic acid and ellagic acid was also reported. Our results demonstrate that stone is a source of various bioactive hydrolyzable tannins and shows high antioxidant activity which could allow potential utilization of this raw material for recovery of valuable pharmaceutical or nutraceutical substances. The principal novelty of our findings is that hydrolyzable tannins, unlike other polyphenols, have been earlier omitted in the evaluation of the biological activities of . Additionally, the potential recovery of these bioactive chemicals from the byproduct is in line with the ideas of green chemistry and sustainable production.
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- 2020
15. Investigating the influence of process conditions on the simultaneous extraction and depolymerization of lignin from Belgian agricultural residues
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Brienza, Filippo, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, 5th Edition of The International Conferences Green Chemistry, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, and UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences
- Published
- 2019
16. Investigating the influence of process conditions on the simultaneous extraction and depolymerization of lignin from Belgian agricultural residues
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Brienza, Filippo, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, 5th Edition of The International Conferences Green Chemistry, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Brienza, Filippo, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, and 5th Edition of The International Conferences Green Chemistry
- Published
- 2019
17. Bioethanol potential of raw and hydrothermally pretreated banana bulbs biomass in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Awedem Wobiwo, Florent, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Boda, Maurice, Fokou, Elie, Emaga, Thomas Happi, Cybulska, Iwona, Deleu, Magali, Gerin, Patrick A., Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Awedem Wobiwo, Florent, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Boda, Maurice, Fokou, Elie, Emaga, Thomas Happi, Cybulska, Iwona, Deleu, Magali, Gerin, Patrick A., and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
- Abstract
Residual banana bulbs (RBB) were characterized and assessed as a potential starch and cellulose-based feedstock for bioethanol production. To facilitate the enzymatic digestibility, hydrothermal pretreatment was performed on RBB prior to simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Composition of RBB was similar to traditional starch and cellulose-based feedstocks with high glucan (60 g/100 gDM) and relatively low lignin content (7 g/100 gDM). Both amylase and cellulase were needed to efficiently hydrolyze RBB. The highest ethanol yield (310 kg EtOH/ton_DM_RBB, 93% of theoretical production based on total available glucose) was obtained with non-pretreated RBB. SSF can be carried out at lower RBB concentrations. Hydrothermal pretreatment affected negatively the bioethanol potential due to the loss of fermentable carbohydrates. In a case study of an African leading producer of bananas and plantains (Cameroon), the energy derived from bioethanol was 80 GWh ethanol/year and corresponded to 1.6% of the annual transportation requirement. This study shows that RBB is a promising alternative feedstock for bioethanol production.
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- 2019
18. Investigating the influence of process conditions on the fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass from agricultural residues with a focus on lignin valorization
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brienza, Filippo, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, 7th Central European Congress of Life Sciences - EUROBIOTECH, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brienza, Filippo, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, and 7th Central European Congress of Life Sciences - EUROBIOTECH
- Abstract
n/a
- Published
- 2019
19. Mechanisms analysis of laccase-catalyzed micropollutants degradation: from single compounds to mixes
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Debaste, Frédéric, Flahaut, Sigrid, Servais, Pierre, Hantson, Anne Lise, Cybulska, Iwona, Pype, Rosalie, Debaste, Frédéric, Flahaut, Sigrid, Servais, Pierre, Hantson, Anne Lise, Cybulska, Iwona, and Pype, Rosalie
- Abstract
Les micropolluants sont des composés ayant un impact négatif sur les organismes de l’environnement et ce, même lorsqu’ils sont présents à de très faibles concentrations (ng L−1 au µg L−1). Une vaste gamme d’impacts est liée à la présence des micropolluants, notamment des problèmes de toxicité à long et court termes, des problèmes de perturbation endocrinienne et le développement d’antibiorésistance.Comme les stations d’épuration (STEPs) actuelles n’ont pas été conçues pour éliminer les micropolluants, elles constituent une importante source de relargage de micropolluants dans l’environnement. Un moyen alternatif de traiter les micropolluants serait l’utilisation de laccases. Les laccases sont des enzymes produites principallement par les champignons de la pourriture blanche du bois et qui sont capables de catalyser l’oxydation d’un substrat avec la réduction simultanée d’oxygène en eau. Le substrat oxydé forme un radical réactif qui peut alors intervenir dans des réactions non-enzymatiques comme la réticulation de monomères, la dégradation de polymères ou le clivage de cycles aromatiques. Les laccases sont capables d’oxyder, de polymériser ou de transformer des composés phénoliques ou anthropogéniques en des dérivés moins toxiques.Dans les milieux aquatiques réels, comme les effluents de STEPs, les micropolluants sont présents sous forme de mélanges. La présence de ces mélanges peut mener à des problèmes d’écotoxicité plus importants que ceux observés dans avec des solutions ne contenant qu’un seul micropolluant. Par exemple, il a été montré qu’un mélange de différents anti-inflammatoires non-stéroïdiens (diclofénac, ibuprofène, naproxène et acide acétylsalicylique) était considérablement toxique pour le crustacé planctonique Daphnia et l’algue verte planctonique Scenedesmus subspicatus même à des concentrations auxquelles ces anti-inflammatoires seuls ne provoquaient que très peu ou pas d’effets. La présence de micropolluants sous forme de mélanges dans les milieux, Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
- Published
- 2019
20. Optimizing Methods to Characterize Caffeic, Ferulic, and Chlorogenic Acids in Salicornia sinus-persica and Salicornia bigelovii Extracts by Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
- Author
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Cybulska, Iwona, Zembrzuska, Joanna, Brudecki, Grzegorz, and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
- Subjects
- *
TANDEM mass spectrometry , *LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry , *CHLOROGENIC acid , *MATRIX effect , *PHENOLIC acids - Abstract
Three types of phenolic acids (caffeic, ferulic, and chlorogenic acid) were identified and quantified in two halophytic plants (Salicornia bigelovii and Salicornia sinus-persica). Analysis was performed using a highperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLCMS/MS) system via the standard addition method. The matrix effect (ME), recovery efficiency (RE), and process efficiency (PE) parameters were evaluated for S. bigelovii extracts, which revealed a strong ME on the ionization of the three acids. The matrix had little to no effect on the extraction step for all samples. The quantitation results revealed that S. bigelovii was more abundant in the acids analyzed (total of 319.2 µg/g dry water extract) when compared to S. sinus-persica (117.2 µg/g dry water extract), and chlorogenic acid was the dominant component. The extractives content was high in both plants, representing over 35% of the dry plant weight. All the extracts exhibited antioxidant activity toward both DPPH and ABTS radicals at levels comparable to other medicinal plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
21. Lignin-first biorefinery concept development for the production of clean streams of valuable intermediates from Belgian agricultural residues
- Author
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Brienza, Filippo, Jeanmart, Emile, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, 4th International Conference on Renewable Resources and Biorefineries hosted in, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology
- Published
- 2018
22. Lignin-first biorefinery concept development for the production of clean streams of valuable intermediates from Belgian agricultural residues
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brienza, Filippo, Jeanmart, Emile, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, 4th International Conference on Renewable Resources and Biorefineries hosted in, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brienza, Filippo, Jeanmart, Emile, Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, and 4th International Conference on Renewable Resources and Biorefineries hosted in
- Published
- 2018
23. Wet fractionation of the succulent halophyte Salicornia sinus-persica, with the aim of low input (water saving) biorefining into bioethanol
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Alassali, Ayah, Cybulska, Iwona, Galvan, Alejandro Ríos, Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Alassali, Ayah, Cybulska, Iwona, Galvan, Alejandro Ríos, and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
- Abstract
In this study Salicornia sinus-persica, a succulent halophyte was assessed for its potential to be used as a feedstock for bioethanol production. For such succulent, salty, green biomasses, direct fractionation and fermentation allow for water preservation in the process. Fresh biomass of S. sinus-persica was collected and split into two fractions by wet fractionation; liquid (juice) and solid (pulp). Sugar contents were found to be 1.0–1.5% for the juice fraction and 50% (w/w) for the fresh pulp. Direct fermentation of the juice using Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed no salt inhibition of the yeast and ethanol yields of ~70% were achieved. A pretreatment study was carried out for the pulp fraction applying mild hydrothermal pretreatment. Cellulose convertibility was found to be significantly higher for severity factors above 2.00, and the highest ethanol yield (76.91 ± 3.03%) was found at process severity of 3.06 (170 °C, 10 min)
- Published
- 2016
24. Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Date Palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) Leaflets and Rachis to Enhance Enzymatic Digestibility and Bioethanol Potential
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Fang, Chuanji, Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Frankær, Christian Grundahl, Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Fang, Chuanji, Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Frankær, Christian Grundahl, and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
- Abstract
Date palm residues are one of the most promising lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production in the Middle East. In this study, leaflets and rachis were subjected to hydrothermal pretreatment to overcome the recalcitrance of the biomass for enzymatic conversion. Evident morphological, structural, and chemical changes were observed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy after pretreatment. High glucan (>90% for both leaflets and rachis) and xylan (>75% for leaflets and >79% for rachis) recovery were achieved. Under the optimal condition of hydrothermal pretreatment (210°C/10 min) highly digestible (glucan convertibility, 100% to leaflets, 78% to rachis) and fermentable (ethanol yield, 96% to leaflets, 80% to rachis) solid fractions were obtained. Fermentability test of the liquid fractions proved that no considerable inhibitors to Saccharomyces cerevisiae were produced in hydrothermal pretreatment. Given the high sugar recovery, enzymatic digestibility, and ethanol yield, production of bioethanol by hydrothermal pretreatment could be a promising way of valorization of date palm residues in this region.
- Published
- 2015
25. Organosolv Fractionation of Palm Tree Residues
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, Tomsen, Mette H., UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, and Tomsen, Mette H.
- Abstract
alm tree trimmings represent primary landscaping residue in the United Arab Emirates, making it an easily accessible feedstock for bio-based products generation. This study examines organosolv treatment of the palm fronds as a method of delignification and fractionation of this lignocellulosic biomass. The results revealed that treating palm fronds with ethanol-water mixture at elevated temperature (200oC) results in up to 43% lignin recovery with no catalyst added. This corresponds to production of 13 g lignin per 100 g raw dry biomass. Over 90% glucan was found to be retained in the solid fiber fraction after the treatment, producing cellulose-rich pulp. Previous article in issue
- Published
- 2015
26. Evaluation of Composition and Biogas Production Potential from Seagrass (Halodule uninervis) Native to Abu Dhabi
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Farzanah, Reda, Cybulska, Iwona, Schmidt, Jens E., Thomsen, Mette H., UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Farzanah, Reda, Cybulska, Iwona, Schmidt, Jens E., and Thomsen, Mette H.
- Abstract
Seagrass (Halodule uninervis) native to Abu Dhabi was sampled in various locations thorough February to June 2013. Chemical composition was analyzed, which included ash, extractives, structural carbohydrates, acid insoluble residue and CHNSO content. The theoretical methane yield was calculated based on the CHN content using Buswell's formula. Anaerobic digestion was performed with the use of sewage sludge. Three concentrations of seagrass biomass were tested (1%, 3%, 5% of VS) to evaluate the practical methane yield. The highest specific methane yield was obtained for 1% loading rate and resulted in 122 ml/gVS, which corresponds to 30% of theoretical methane yield.
- Published
- 2015
27. Optimization of modified clean fractionation of prairie cordgrass
- Author
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Cybulska, Iwona, Lei, Hanwu, Julson, James, Brudecki, Grzegorz, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology
- Subjects
prairie cordgrass ,ethyl acetate ,biomass organosolv pretreatment ,lignocellulosic ethanol ,biofuel ,enzymatic hydrolysis ,clean fractionation - Abstract
In this study, modified clean fractionation process was optimized for prairie cordgrass, with usage of alternative organic constituent –ethyl acetate. Other constituents of the solvent mixture included ethanol and water. Clean fractionation solvent was used in different proportions of the constituents. Process efficiency was determined by lignin recovery, solvent composition, as well as time and temperature applied to each sequential process. and overall pretreatment were calculated. Glucose yield during enzymatic hydrolysis Optimal conditions (125°C, 37 min, with the solvent composition of ester:ethanol:water = 32.5:22.5:45) yielded a 20% lignin recovery, 38% glucose yield during enzymatic hydrolysis and 26% xylose recovery in aqueous fraction.
- Published
- 2012
28. Chemical characterization and hydrothermal pretreatment of Salicornia bigelovii straw for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis and bioethanol potential
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Kádár, Zsófia, Meyer, Anne S., Baldwin, Robert M., Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Kádár, Zsófia, Meyer, Anne S., Baldwin, Robert M., and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
- Abstract
Salicornia bigelovii straw was characterized and evaluated as a potential lignocellulosic bioethanol feedstock. S. bigelovii used in the study was grown in the United Arab Emirates using saltwater (40 ppt) for irrigation. Salt removal was performed prior to pretreatment to protect the processing equipment and avoid inhibition of enzymes and yeast. Composition of the washed biomass was comparable to traditional lignocellulosic biomasses with relatively high glucan and xylan content (26 and 22 g/100 gDM, respectively) but with lower lignin content (7 g/100 gDM). The washed feedstock was subjected to hydrothermal pretreatment, producing highly digestible (up to 92% glucan-to-glucose conversion) and fermentable (up to 100% glucose-to-ethanol conversion) fiber fractions. Liquid fractions obtained in the pretreatment did not show inhibition towards Saccharomyces cerevisiae. No significant differences among the enzymatic convertibility and microbial fermentability of the fibers as well as low xylose recoveries suggest that lower severity pretreatment conditions could be exploited for S. bigelovii. Previous article in issue
- Published
- 2014
29. Halophytes for the Production of Liquid Biofuels
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brown, J. Jed, Cybulska, Iwona, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Thomsen, Mette H., UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brown, J. Jed, Cybulska, Iwona, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, and Thomsen, Mette H.
- Abstract
We discuss the potential of using halophytes as a source for producing liquid biofuels. We review the potential pathways for converting oilseeds into biodiesel and bio-derived synthetic paraffinic kerosene and presents some preliminary data on biomass composition and pretreatment of the halophyte Salicornia bigelovii. Six samples of S. bigelovii cultivated at three fertilizer levels (F1: 1 gN/m2, F2: 1.5 gN/m2 and F3: 2 gN/m2) and two salinity levels (S1: 10 ppt and S5: 50 ppt salt) were analyzed with regard to chemical composition and bioethanol potential. Chemical characterization showed that S. bigelovii contained, 16.31–55.67 g/100gTS (total solids) of carbohydrates, 5.42–16.60 g/100gTS of lignin, 27.85–66.37 g/100gTS of total extractives (including extractable ash), and 2.18–9.68 g/100gTS of structural ash, depending on the plant fraction and cultivation conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated samples revealed high glucose recoveries of up to 90 % (of glucose in raw S. bigelovii) corresponding to ethanol yield of 111 kg ethanol/dry ton S. bigelovii.
- Published
- 2014
30. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of solid household waste following mild pretreatment using a mix of hydrolytic enzymes in combination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Nwobi, Amaka, Cybulska, Iwona, Tesfai, Waka, Shatilla, Yousef, Rodríguez, Jorge, Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Nwobi, Amaka, Cybulska, Iwona, Tesfai, Waka, Shatilla, Yousef, Rodríguez, Jorge, and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
- Abstract
Ethanol production from low severity pretreated (85 °C, 1 h) solid household waste was studied using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). The aim of the study was to examine typical composition of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and to develop a simple method for simultaneous liquefaction and biofuels production. A model waste was prepared based on the composition of the organic waste in Masdar City. Chemical analysis of the OFMSW showed that it contained 37 % total solids with up to 57 g glucan/100 g total solid (TS). Hydrolysis of the wet OFMSW was carried out using a mix of hydrolytic enzymes: amylase, cellulase, protease, lipase, hemicellulase, and pectate lyase. The enzymatic hydrolysis using this enzyme mix was studied using different dilutions of the OFMSW at different enzyme loadings. This study has demonstrated that SSF of low severity pretreated OFMSW can be carried out using Saccharomyces cerevisiae without dilution (addition of water), and liquefaction of the undiluted OFMSW can be achieved in less than 24 h of hydrolysis. Also, SSF of the pretreated waste can be carried out with very low enzyme loading (10 % of the company recommended dosage)—0.1 % cellulase, 0.1 % amylase, 0.02 % protease, 0.02 % hemicellulase, 0.02 % lipase, and 0.02 % pectate lyase (w/w per TS) following mild heat pretreatment conditions of 85 °C for 1 h.
- Published
- 2014
31. Characterization of the Chemical Composition of the Halophyte Salicornia bigelovii under Cultivation
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Alassali, Ayah, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Brown, J. Jed, Sgouridis, Sgouris, Thomsen, Mette H., UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Alassali, Ayah, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Brown, J. Jed, Sgouridis, Sgouris, and Thomsen, Mette H.
- Abstract
Straw of the halophyte Salicornia bigelovii was chemically analyzed for lignocellulosic components, extractives, and ash in relation to varying cultivation conditions (namely, irrigating water salinity and fertilizer grade). Irrigation water contained 10–50 ppt salt, and fertilizer application varied between 1 and 2 gN/m2. Composition of the biomass was comparable to traditional lignocellulosic biomasses, containing glucan (up to 27 g/100 g total solids (TS)), xylan (up to 23 g/100 g TS), and lignin (24 g/100 g TS), but also high amounts of ash (up to 53 g/100 g TS) and water–ethanol soluble extractives (up to 25 g/100 g TS). As most of the ash is extractable (up to 90%), a simple water wash is sufficient to bring the ash content down to a typical value found in the lignocellulosic materials. It was found that increasing water salinity used for the plant irrigation decreases lignocellulosic components content, increases ash content, and does not affect extractives content. The fertilizer application rate was not found to influence any of the responses, except for ash composition (lowering mineral content) and its amount in the flowering spike fraction. Stem and spike fractions were found to be significantly different in composition, with stems being closer to a typical lignocellulosic material.
- Published
- 2014
32. Phytochemical composition of some common coastal halophytes of the United Arab Emirates
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Alassali, Ayah, Thomsen, Mette, Brown, J, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Alassali, Ayah, Thomsen, Mette, and Brown, J
- Abstract
Halophyte species of United Arab Emirates are a source of unique active phytochemicals, potentially due to the extreme environmental conditions under which the plants grow in the UAE. These phytochemicals make the native halophytes possibly interesting crops for biorefining, where biofuel production is combined with the production of value added chemicals, improving the economic feasibility of both process. Phytochemicals found in these species are widely recognized and researched as potential pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. We reviewed the literature for secondary metabolites from species from the following halophyte families: Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae (incl. Chenopodiaceae), Avicenniaceae, Zygophyllaceae. The review revealed that plant species belonging to these families contain valuable phytochemicals, such as fatty acids, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, tannins, saponins, quinones and coumarins, many of which have been reported to have therapeutic effects in humans.
- Published
- 2014
33. Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass and Kinetics
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Lei, Hanwu, Cybulska, Iwona, Julson, James, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Lei, Hanwu, Cybulska, Iwona, and Julson, James
- Abstract
The study focus was an examination of the hydrothermal pretreatment method applied to the lignocellulosic substrate, represented by the prairie cord grass, and comparison between different conditions based on the yield of glucose after enzymatic hydrolysis. The treatment did not involve any chemicals usage. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed in order to examine the amount of glucose which was released from pretreated materials. The most efficient pretreatment conditions were at high temperature and relatively short reaction time (210°C and 10 min), after which the lignocellulose structure was the most available for enzymes actions which resulted in a pretreatment conversion rate of 97%. Temperature had a significant influence on glucose release during the hydrolysis, which was confirmed by the Michaelis-Menten and kinetic models. Kinetic models were used to fit the inhibitors and their conversion rates were related to temperature.
- Published
- 2013
34. Optimization of clean fractionation process applied to switchgrass to produce pulp for enzymatic hydrolysis
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Cybulska, Iwona, Rosentrater, Kurt, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Cybulska, Iwona, and Rosentrater, Kurt
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to fractionate switchgrass (SG) to obtain hemicellulose-, lignin-rich fractions and highly digestible pulp, using a clean fractionation (CF) approach. The main objective was to produce highest glucose yield in the enzymatic hydrolysis of pulp. Effects of processing factors such as time (10–50 min), temperature (120–160 °C), catalyst concentration (0.21–0.93% w/w sulfuric acid) and organic solvent mixture composition (7–43% w/w methyl isobutyl ketone) were evaluated. Response surface methodology and central composite design were used for process optimization and statistical analyses. High lignin (75–93%) and xylan (83–100%) removal from biomass were obtained, leaving solid pulp rich in glucan (78–94%). High enzymatic hydrolysis glucose yields (more than 90%) were obtained for selected optimal conditions. Pulp can be used for ethanol production while separated xylan and lignin fractions can be used as a feedstock for value-added products which suggests the applicability of clean fractionation technology in a biorefinery concept.
- Published
- 2013
35. Integration of extrusion and clean fractionation processes as a pre-treatment technology for prairie cordgrass
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Cybulska, Iwona, Rosentrater, Kurt, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Cybulska, Iwona, and Rosentrater, Kurt
- Abstract
Prairie cordgrass (PCG) was pretreated by sequential extrusion and clean fractionation (CF) processing. Following CF, PCG was fractionated into cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin-rich fractions. Cellulose pulp was then enzymatically hydrolyzed, producing glucose. The main purpose of this study was to produce the highest glucose yield as possible. The effects of time, temperature, catalyst concentration and solvent mixture composition on the fractionation were tested. Different proportions of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), ethanol and water with sulfuric acid as a catalyst were evaluated. Optimal conditions for sequential extrusion and clean fractionation (39 min, 129 °C, 0.69% catalyst, and 28% MIBK) resulted in higher glucose yield (92%), and more lignin (87%) and xylan (95%) removal than for clean fractionation alone. Pairwise comparison of raw PCG with extruded PCG clean fractionation revealed no difference in glucose yields, but xylan and AIL removal were higher in the case of clean fractionation of the pre-extruded PCG.
- Published
- 2013
36. Catalyzed modified clean fractionation of switchgrass
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Hankerson, Brett R., Julson, James L., Lei, Hanwu, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Hankerson, Brett R., Julson, James L., and Lei, Hanwu
- Abstract
Switchgrass was used as a lignocellulosic feedstock for second generation ethanol production, after pretreatment using sulfuric acid-catalyzed modified clean fractionation based on NREL’s (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) original procedure. Optimization of temperature, catalyst concentration and solvent composition was performed using Response Surface Methodology, and 59.03 ± 7.01% lignin recovery, 84.85 ± 1.34% glucose, and 44.11 ± 3.44% aqueous fraction xylose yields were obtained at 140.00 °C, 0.46% w/w catalyst concentration, 36.71% w/w ethyl acetate concentration, and 25.00% w/w ethanol concentration. The cellulose fraction did not inhibit the fermentation performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and resulted in an ethanol yield of 89.60 ± 2.1%.
- Published
- 2013
37. Comparative study of organosolv lignin extracted from prairie cordgrass, switchgrass and corn stover
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Rosentrater, Kurt, Julson, James L., Lei, Hanwu, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Rosentrater, Kurt, Julson, James L., and Lei, Hanwu
- Abstract
Lignin extracted from prairie cordgrass, switchgrass, and corn stover (using ethyl acetate–ethanol–water organosolv pretreatment) was analyzed and characterized using several methods. These methods included analysis of purity (by determination of Klason lignin, carbohydrate, and ash contents), solubility (with several organic solvents), phenolic group analysis (ultraviolet ionization difference spectra, and nitrobenzene oxidation), and general functional group analysis (by 1H NMR). Results showed that all the examined lignin samples were relatively pure (contained over 50% Klason lignin, less than 5% carbohydrate contamination, and less than 3% ash), but switchgrass-derived lignin was observed to be the purest. All the lignins were found to contain high amounts of phenolic groups, while switchgrass-derived lignin was the most phenolic, according to the ionization difference spectra. Nitrobenzene oxidation revealed that all the lignin samples contained available guaiacyl units in high amounts.
- Published
- 2012
38. Optimization of clean fractionation processing as a pre-treatment technology for prairie cordgrass
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Cybulska, Iwona, Rosentrater, Kurt, Julson, James, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Cybulska, Iwona, Rosentrater, Kurt, and Julson, James
- Abstract
The main objective of this study was to fractionate prairie cordgrass (PCG) obtaining the highest cellulose digestibility. Following clean fractionation (CF) processing, the PCG lignocellulosic biomass was fractionated into three main building blocks: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Effects of processing factors such as time, temperature, catalyst concentration and organic solvent mixture composition were evaluated. Organic solvent–aqueous mixture contained methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), ethanol and water in different proportions. Sulfuric acid was used as a catalyst. In order to evaluate the degree of pre-treatment, enzymatic saccharification was employed on the cellulose fraction obtained from the CF process. Response surface methodology was used for process optimization and statistical analysis. Optimal conditions (39 min, 154 °C, 0.69% catalyst and 9% MIBK) resulted in 84% glucose yield and 87% acid insoluble lignin (AIL).
- Published
- 2012
39. Catalyzed modified clean fractionation of prairie cordgrass integrated with hydrothermal post-treatment
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Rosentrater, Kurt, Lei, Hanwu, Julson, James, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Rosentrater, Kurt, Lei, Hanwu, and Julson, James
- Abstract
The main purpose of this study was pretreatment of prairie cordgrass obtaining three fractions: lignin, hemicellulose and fermentable cellulose. Modified clean fractionation process (using ethyl acetate–ethanol–water mixture) was employed to extract lignin and hemicellulose fractions. Different proportions of constituents in the solvent mixture were tested. In order to improve lignin recovery, the process was catalyzed with sulfuric acid. Optimization was performed for fractionation processing conditions using lignin recovery and glucose yields as primary response variables. Optimal conditions resulted in a 51.33% lignin recovery, 53.82% hydrolysis glucose yield and 33.73% xylose yield in the aqueous fraction. To improve cellulose digestibility, solid fraction was subjected to hydrothermal post-treatment, for which optimal processing conditions were found, resulting in 78.93% hydrolysis glucose yield. This research represents a step forward for biomass pretreatment, and may open up new possibilities for utilization of prairie cordgrass.
- Published
- 2012
40. Optimization of Combined Clean Fractionation and Hydrothermal Treatment of Prairie Cord Grass
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Lei, Hanwu, Julson, James, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Lei, Hanwu, and Julson, James
- Abstract
A clean sequential process including clean fractionation and hydrothermal post-treatment was developed to fractionate and pretreat prairie cord grass (PCG) prior to ethanol fermentation. An optimized clean fractionation was applied to extract lignin; then, the remaining material was subjected to a hydrothermal treatment process to enhance cellulose digestibility. The main purpose of the hydrothermal post-treatment was to improve digestibility of delignified cellulose and reduce harshness of the clean fractionation process. Optimization was performed for solvent compositions as well as time and temperatures applied to each sequential process. The glucose yield was 89% from enzymatic hydrolysis and 92% from combined fractionation and hydrothermal treatments of PCG.
- Published
- 2012
41. Optimization of modified clean fractionation of prairie cordgrass
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Lei, Hanwu, Julson, James, Brudecki, Grzegorz, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Lei, Hanwu, Julson, James, and Brudecki, Grzegorz
- Abstract
In this study, modified clean fractionation process was optimized for prairie cordgrass, with usage of alternative organic constituent –ethyl acetate. Other constituents of the solvent mixture included ethanol and water. Clean fractionation solvent was used in different proportions of the constituents. Process efficiency was determined by lignin recovery, solvent composition, as well as time and temperature applied to each sequential process. and overall pretreatment were calculated. Glucose yield during enzymatic hydrolysis Optimal conditions (125°C, 37 min, with the solvent composition of ester:ethanol:water = 32.5:22.5:45) yielded a 20% lignin recovery, 38% glucose yield during enzymatic hydrolysis and 26% xylose recovery in aqueous fraction.
- Published
- 2012
42. Hydrothermal Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Prairie Cord Grass
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Lei, Hanwu, Julson, James, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Cybulska, Iwona, Lei, Hanwu, and Julson, James
- Abstract
The focus of this study was examination of the hydrothermal pretreatment method applied to the lignocellulosic substrate for bioethanol production, represented by prairie cord grass, and comparison between different conditions, based on the yield of glucose after enzymatic hydrolysis. The treatment did not involve any chemicals usage. Hydrothermal pretreatment was conducted in the Parr high-pressure reactor, in the presence of water. After the pretreatment, material was analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for products and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for biomass structure changes. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed to examine the amount of glucose that was released from pretreated materials. Results were compared based on the conversion rates of glucose and other sugars, as well as the generation of byproducts. Final results suggested that the most efficient pretreatment conditions involved high temperatures (210 °C) and relatively short reaction times (10 min), after which the lignocellulose structure seems to be the most available for enzymes actions. The pretreatment conversion rate in this case reached a level of 97%.
- Published
- 2010
43. Estimation of bioenergy potential for local biomass in the United Arab Emirates.
- Author
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Ashraf, Muhammad Tahir, Chuanji Fang, Bochenski, Tomasz, Cybulska, Iwona, Alassali, Ayah, Sowunmi, Akinleye, Farzanah, Rashed, Brudecki, Grzegorz Przemyslaw, Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Haris, Sabeera, Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
- Subjects
BIOMASS energy industries ,BIOMASS energy ,ETHANOL as fuel -- Environmental aspects ,METHANE & the environment ,METHANE synthesis ,ENERGY industries ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The wide range of biomass spectrum in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) can be used for bioenergy production. The objective of this study is to highlight this potential by analyzing the bioethanol and biomethane potential of biomasses found in the UAE. Eighteen different biomass species and their fractions, including lignocellulose (date palm, Moringa peregrina, mangroves, and garden trimmings), halophytes (Salicornia sinus-persica and Salicornia bigelovii), seagrass (Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis, and Halophila stipulacea), macroalgae (Ulva Sp., Padina boergesenii, and Colppmenia sinuosa), and wastes (municipal and manures), were analyzed for bioenergy potential. Bioethanol production ranged from 55 to 359 kg ethanol/ton and biomethane production from 72 to 288 L CH4/kg from biomass of species selected here. Results indicate that lignocellulosic biomass furnishes higher bioethanol potential, whereas macroalgae (P. boergesenii) has the least bioethanol potential and washed S. bigelovii, lignocellulosic garden trimmings, and camel manure are best suited for biomethane production. Significant variations in bioethanol and biomethane potential have also been noticed between different biomass fractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Leaflets and Rachis to Enhance Enzymatic Digestibility and Bioethanol Potential.
- Author
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Fang, Chuanji, Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz P., Frankær, Christian Grundahl, and Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard
- Subjects
FOLIAR diagnosis ,BIOTIC communities ,ETHANOL ,GLUCANS ,NEAR infrared spectroscopy ,POWER resources ,RESEARCH funding ,SCANNING electron microscopy - Abstract
Date palm residues are one of the most promising lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production in the Middle East. In this study, leaflets and rachis were subjected to hydrothermal pretreatment to overcome the recalcitrance of the biomass for enzymatic conversion. Evident morphological, structural, and chemical changes were observed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy after pretreatment. High glucan (>90% for both leaflets and rachis) and xylan (>75% for leaflets and >79% for rachis) recovery were achieved. Under the optimal condition of hydrothermal pretreatment (210°C/10 min) highly digestible (glucan convertibility, 100% to leaflets, 78% to rachis) and fermentable (ethanol yield, 96% to leaflets, 80% to rachis) solid fractions were obtained. Fermentability test of the liquid fractions proved that no considerable inhibitors to Saccharomyces cerevisiae were produced in hydrothermal pretreatment. Given the high sugar recovery, enzymatic digestibility, and ethanol yield, production of bioethanol by hydrothermal pretreatment could be a promising way of valorization of date palm residues in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Phytochemical composition of some common coastal halophytes of the United Arab Emirates.
- Author
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Cybulska, Iwona, Brudecki, Grzegorz, Alassali, Ayah, Thomsen, Mette, and Brown, J. Jed
- Subjects
- *
SUCCULENT plants , *HALOPHYTES , *CARBOXYLIC acids , *GLUCOSIDES - Abstract
Halophyte species of United Arab Emirates are a source of unique active phytochemicals, potentially due to the extreme environmental conditions under which the plants grow in the UAE. These phytochemicals make the native halophytes possibly interesting crops for biorefining, where biofuel production is combined with the production of value added chemicals, improving the economic feasibility of both process. Phytochemicals found in these species are widely recognized and researched as potential pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. We reviewed the literature for secondary metabolites from species from the following halophyte families: Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae (incl. Chenopodiaceae), Avicenniaceae, Zygophyllaceae. The review revealed that plant species belonging to these families contain valuable phytochemicals, such as fatty acids, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, tannins, saponins, quinones and coumarins, many of which have been reported to have therapeutic effects in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Cornus mas L. Stones: A Valuable by-Product as an Ellagitannin Source with High Antioxidant Potential.
- Author
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Przybylska, Dominika, Kucharska, Alicja Z., Cybulska, Iwona, Sozański, Tomasz, Piórecki, Narcyz, Fecka, Izabela, and Gawlik-Dziki, Urszula
- Subjects
TANNINS ,FRUIT processing ,WASTE products ,SUSTAINABLE chemistry ,ELLAGIC acid ,GALLIC acid ,DOGWOODS - Abstract
The stone of Cornus mas L. remains the least known morphological part of this plant, whereas the fruit is appreciated for both consumption purposes and biological activity. The stone is considered to be a byproduct of fruit processing and very little is known about its phytochemical composition and biological properties. In this study, the complete qualitative determination of hydrolyzable tannins, their quantitative analysis, total polyphenolic content, and antioxidant properties of the stone of C. mas are presented for the first time. The 37 identified compounds included the following: various gallotannins (11), monomeric ellagitannins (7), dimeric ellagitannins (10), and trimeric ellagitannins (7). The presence of free gallic acid and ellagic acid was also reported. Our results demonstrate that C. mas stone is a source of various bioactive hydrolyzable tannins and shows high antioxidant activity which could allow potential utilization of this raw material for recovery of valuable pharmaceutical or nutraceutical substances. The principal novelty of our findings is that hydrolyzable tannins, unlike other polyphenols, have been earlier omitted in the evaluation of the biological activities of C. mas. Additionally, the potential recovery of these bioactive chemicals from the byproduct is in line with the ideas of green chemistry and sustainable production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Mechanisms analysis of laccase-catalyzed micropollutants degradation: from single compounds to mixes
- Author
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Pype, Rosalie, Debaste, Frédéric, Flahaut, Sigrid, Servais, Pierre, Hantson, Anne Lise, and Cybulska, Iwona
- Subjects
Technologie de l'environnement, contrôle de la pollution ,Degradation ,Bisphenol A ,Diclofenac ,Enzyme ,Enzymologie ,Génie chimique ,Laccases ,Micropollutants ,Mixes - Abstract
Les micropolluants sont des composés ayant un impact négatif sur les organismes de l’environnement et ce, même lorsqu’ils sont présents à de très faibles concentrations (ng L−1 au µg L−1). Une vaste gamme d’impacts est liée à la présence des micropolluants, notamment des problèmes de toxicité à long et court termes, des problèmes de perturbation endocrinienne et le développement d’antibiorésistance.Comme les stations d’épuration (STEPs) actuelles n’ont pas été conçues pour éliminer les micropolluants, elles constituent une importante source de relargage de micropolluants dans l’environnement. Un moyen alternatif de traiter les micropolluants serait l’utilisation de laccases. Les laccases sont des enzymes produites principallement par les champignons de la pourriture blanche du bois et qui sont capables de catalyser l’oxydation d’un substrat avec la réduction simultanée d’oxygène en eau. Le substrat oxydé forme un radical réactif qui peut alors intervenir dans des réactions non-enzymatiques comme la réticulation de monomères, la dégradation de polymères ou le clivage de cycles aromatiques. Les laccases sont capables d’oxyder, de polymériser ou de transformer des composés phénoliques ou anthropogéniques en des dérivés moins toxiques.Dans les milieux aquatiques réels, comme les effluents de STEPs, les micropolluants sont présents sous forme de mélanges. La présence de ces mélanges peut mener à des problèmes d’écotoxicité plus importants que ceux observés dans avec des solutions ne contenant qu’un seul micropolluant. Par exemple, il a été montré qu’un mélange de différents anti-inflammatoires non-stéroïdiens (diclofénac, ibuprofène, naproxène et acide acétylsalicylique) était considérablement toxique pour le crustacé planctonique Daphnia et l’algue verte planctonique Scenedesmus subspicatus même à des concentrations auxquelles ces anti-inflammatoires seuls ne provoquaient que très peu ou pas d’effets. La présence de micropolluants sous forme de mélanges dans les milieux aquatiques entraîne aussi des défis plus importants pour le développement d’un traitement basé sur les laccases. En effet, il a été rapporté que les interactions entre les différents composés entraînaient des impactsallant d’une inhibition à une amélioration de l’élimination des micropolluants.Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons aux mécanismes sous-jacents à la dégradation catalysée par des laccases de différents micropolluants lorsque ceux-ci sont les seuls micropolluants présents en solution. Les micropolluants étudiés sont le remazol brilliant blue R (un colorant anthraquinone), le bisphénol A (BPA, un composé qui intervient dans la production de polycarbonate et qui est suspecté d’être un perturbateur endocrinien) et le diclofénac (DCF, un anti-inflammatoire non-stéroïdien qui pause des problèmes d’écotoxicité). Ensuite, nous évaluons l’influence de la présence de deux composés en solution sur ces mécanismes en utilisant des mélanges binaires de BPA et DCF. Pour finir, lesmécanismes sous-jacents à la dégradation de BPA et DCF sont comparés lorsque deux sortes de laccases, présentant des potentiels redox différents, sont utilisées :des laccases de Trametes versicolor (0,80 V) et des laccases de Myceliophthora thermophila (0,46 V)., Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
- Published
- 2019
48. Catalytic hydrogenation of coniferyl alcohol as a stabilisation process for lignin monomers: correlation between the catalytic performance and the physico-chemical properties of Ni/TiO2 catalysts
- Author
-
Jeanmart, Emile, UCL - Faculté des bioingénieurs, Debecker, Damien P., and Cybulska, Iwona
- Subjects
Ni/TiO2 ,Reductive catalytic fractionation ,Hydrogenation ,Coniferyl alcohol ,Model compound ,Lignin ,Biorefinery - Abstract
Nowadays, with the depletion of fossil fuels as main source of energy and chemicals, strong alternatives are more than ever required. Among them, the biorefinery concept has emerged since a few years. A biorefinery is a network of facilities that process the different components of biomass to produce biofuels, energy and chemicals. Currently, few industries (paper, 1st generation biofuels, etc.) that use lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock valorise the carbohydrate fraction while the lignin fraction is burned for energy leaving aside the potential of lignin for high-value applications. In order to valorise the carbohydrate and the lignin fractions, a new process, the reductive catalytic fractionation, was imagined a few years ago. This process, which mainly focuses on lignin valorisation, allows the separation of both fractions without generating intermediate technical lignin and is divided in three distinct parts occurring simultaneously. The solubilisation of lignin, the depolymerisation of lignin into unstable phenolic monomers and finally the stabilisation of these monomers. In order to study the stabilisation step, which takes place in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst, Ni/TiO2 catalysts with different loadings and different TiO2 supports were synthesised by incipient wetness impregnation method. As lignin polymer is a complex matrix, a model compound (coniferyl alcohol) was used rather than biomass to investigate the catalytic hydrogenation. A series of characterisation studies were done on these catalysts: N2 physisorption, XRD, TEM, NH3 physisorption and CO chemisorption. The efficiency of the catalysts was investigated by comparing the conversion, the selectivity and the yield values of the lignin monomer stabilisation reaction. Then, the role of H2 during the reaction was also studied by changing the initial pressure of hydrogen or testing other solvents. The catalysts supported on P25 stand out high performance as compared to other supports. The latter were affected by the strong metal support interaction effect that decreases the surface of available Ni on the catalyst. It was also shown that the hydrogenation of coniferyl alcohol can be performed with good performance with reduced amount of hydrogen but also without external source of hydrogen if a hydrogen-donor solvent such as isopropanol is used Master [120] : bioingénieur en chimie et bioindustries, Université catholique de Louvain, 2018
- Published
- 2018
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