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4. Caspase-8 activation by cigarette smoke induces pro-inflammatory cell death of human macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharide

Author

Cristaldi, Marta, Buscetta, Marco, Cimino, Maura, La Mensa, Agnese, Giuffrè, Maria Rita, Fiore, Luigi, Carcione, Claudia, Bucchieri, Fabio, Rappa, Francesca, Coronnello, Claudia, Sciaraffa, Nicolina, Amato, Santina, Aronica, Tommaso Silvano, Lo Iacono, Giovanna, Bertani, Alessandro, Pace, Elisabetta, and Cipollina, Chiara

Published
2023
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6. 1D atmosphere models from inversion of Fe I 630 nm observations with an application to solar irradiance studies

Author

Cristaldi, A. and Ermolli, I.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Present-day semi-empirical models of solar irradiance (SI) variations employ spectra computed on one-dimensional atmosphere models (1D models) representative of various solar surface features to reconstruct SI changes measured on timescales greater than a day. Various recent studies have, however, pointed out that the spectra synthesized on 1D models do not reflect the radiative emission of the inhomogenous atmosphere revealed by high-resolution solar observations. We aimed to derive observational-based atmospheres from such observations and test their accuracy for SI estimates. We analysed spectro-polarimetric data of the Fe I 630 nm line pair on photospheric regions representative of the granular, quiet Sun pattern (QS) and of small- and large-scale magnetic features, both bright and dark with respect to the QS. The data were taken on 2011 August 6, with the CRISP at the Swedish Solar Telescope, under excellent seeing conditions. We derived atmosphere models of the observed regions from data inversion with the SIR code. We studied the sensitivity of results to spatial resolution and temporal evolution, and discussed the obtained atmospheres with respect to several 1D models. The atmospheres derived from our study agree well with most of the compared 1D models, both qualitatively and quantitatively (differences are within 10%), but for pore regions. Spectral synthesis computations on the atmosphere obtained from the QS observations return SI between 400 nm and 2400 nm that agrees, on average, within 2.2% with standard reference measurements, and within -0.14% with the SI computed on the quiet Sun atmosphere employed by the most advanced semi-empirical model of SI variations., Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2017
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10. Plasma flows and magnetic field interplay during the formation of a pore

Author

Ermolli, I., Cristaldi, A., Giorgi, F., Giannattasio, F., Stangalini, M., Romano, P., Tritschler, A., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We studied the formation of a pore in AR NOAA 11462. We analysed data obtained with the IBIS at the DST on April 17, 2012, consisting of full Stokes measurements of the Fe I 617.3 nm lines. Furthermore, we analysed SDO/HMI observations in the continuum and vector magnetograms derived from the Fe I 617.3 nm line data taken from April 15 to 19, 2012. We estimated the magnetic field strength and vector components and the LOS and horizontal motions in the photospheric region hosting the pore formation. We discuss our results in light of other observational studies and recent advances of numerical simulations. The pore formation occurs in less than 1 hour in the leading region of the AR. The evolution of the flux patch in the leading part of the AR is faster (< 12 hour) than the evolution (20-30 hour) of the more diffuse and smaller scale flux patches in the trailing region. During the pore formation, the ratio between magnetic and dark area decreases from 5 to 2. We observe strong downflows at the forming pore boundary and diverging proper motions of plasma in the vicinity of the evolving feature that are directed towards the forming pore. The average values and trends of the various quantities estimated in the AR are in agreement with results of former observational studies of steady pores and with their modelled counterparts, as seen in recent numerical simulations of a rising-tube process. The agreement with the outcomes of the numerical studies holds for both the signatures of the flux emergence process (e.g. appearance of small-scale mixed polarity patterns and elongated granules) and the evolution of the region. The processes driving the formation of the pore are identified with the emergence of a magnetic flux concentration and the subsequent reorganization of the emerged flux, by the combined effect of velocity and magnetic field, in and around the evolving structure., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2017
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11. Kinematics and Magnetic Properties of a Light Bridge in a Decaying Sunspot

Author

Falco, M., Borrero, J. M., Guglielmino, S. L., Romano, P., Zuccarello, F., Criscuoli, S., Cristaldi, A., Ermolli, I., Jafarzadeh, S., and van der Voort, L. Rouppe

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results obtained by analyzing high spatial and spectral resolution data of the solar photosphere acquired by the CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter at the Swedish Solar Telescope on 6 August 2011, relevant to a large sunspot with a light bridge (LB) observed in NOAA AR 11263. These data are complemented by simultaneous Hinode Spectropolarimeter (SP) observation in the Fe I 630.15 nm and 630.25 nm lines. The continuum intensity map shows a discontinuity of the radial distribution of the penumbral filaments in correspondence with the LB, which shows a dark lane (about 0.3" wide and about 8.0" long) along its main axis. The available data were inverted with the Stokes Inversion based on Response functions (SIR) code and physical parameters maps were obtained. The line-of-sight (LOS) velocity of the plasma along the LB derived from the Doppler effect shows motions towards and away from the observer up to 0.6 km/s, which are lower in value than the LOS velocities observed in the neighbouring penumbral filaments. The noteworthy result is that we find motions toward the observer up to 0.6 km/s in the dark lane where the LB is located between two umbral cores, while the LOS velocity motion toward the observer is strongly reduced where the LB is located between an umbral core at one side and penumbral filaments on the other side. Statistically, the LOS velocities correspond to upflows/downflows andcomparing these results with Hinode/SP data, we conclude that the surrounding magnetic field configuration (whether more or less inclined) could have a role in maintaining the conditions for the process of plasma piling up along the dark lane. The results obtained from our study support and confirm outcomes of recent magnetohydro-dynamic simulations showing upflows along the main axis of a LBs.

Published
2016
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15. Research and Activism about Girls' Education for Global Democracy: The Case of the Campaign 'Etna, Volcano of Peace,' Catania, Italy

Author

Cristaldi, Melita and Pampanini, Giovanni

Abstract

According to a progressive interpretation of human development, girls' education should form an integral part of a full democratic system. Nevertheless, girls' education is threatened and attacked in many ways in current societies, be they authoritarian or democratic societies, developing or developed ones. In this article the two authors, both educators and researchers in education in Catania, Sicily, introduce their educational activities regarding the defence and promotion of girls' education for development and social change. Three activities are at the core of their current, local and global commitment to the issue: continual seminars on Intercultural Geo-History (with a special focus on the ongoing wars), operating simultaneous Skype connections (the so-called "Orbital Classroom"); the Intercultural Prayer Against War; and the campaign "Etna, Volcano of Peace." The article provides some details and describes partial successes of these educational activities led by a consistent group of girls, and explains how the activities relate to both interculturalism and global democracy theory.

Published
2016
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17. Posterior fossa syndrome in a population of children and young adults with medulloblastoma: a retrospective, multicenter Italian study on incidence and pathophysiology in a histologically homogeneous and consecutive series of 136 patients

Author

de Laurentis, C, Cristaldi, P, Rebora, P, Valsecchi, M, Biassoni, V, Schiavello, E, Carrabba, G, Trezza, A, Dimeco, F, Ferroli, P, Cinalli, G, Locatelli, M, Cenzato, M, Talamonti, G, Fontanella, M, Spena, G, Stefini, R, Bernucci, C, Bellocchi, S, Locatelli, D, Massimino, M, Giussani, C, de Laurentis C., Cristaldi P. M. F., Rebora P., Valsecchi M. G., Biassoni V., Schiavello E., Carrabba G. G., Trezza A., DiMeco F., Ferroli P., Cinalli G., Locatelli M., Cenzato M., Talamonti G., Fontanella M. M., Spena G., Stefini R., Bernucci C., Bellocchi S., Locatelli D., Massimino M., Giussani C., de Laurentis, C, Cristaldi, P, Rebora, P, Valsecchi, M, Biassoni, V, Schiavello, E, Carrabba, G, Trezza, A, Dimeco, F, Ferroli, P, Cinalli, G, Locatelli, M, Cenzato, M, Talamonti, G, Fontanella, M, Spena, G, Stefini, R, Bernucci, C, Bellocchi, S, Locatelli, D, Massimino, M, Giussani, C, de Laurentis C., Cristaldi P. M. F., Rebora P., Valsecchi M. G., Biassoni V., Schiavello E., Carrabba G. G., Trezza A., DiMeco F., Ferroli P., Cinalli G., Locatelli M., Cenzato M., Talamonti G., Fontanella M. M., Spena G., Stefini R., Bernucci C., Bellocchi S., Locatelli D., Massimino M., and Giussani C.

Abstract

Introduction: Posterior fossa syndrome (PFS) is a set of debilitating complications that can occur after surgery for posterior fossa tumors. This study aimed to assess the preoperative radiological and surgical risk factors for the onset of PFS in a histologically homogeneous population of children with medulloblastoma and compare it to a similar population of young adults. Methods: Included patients underwent posterior fossa surgery for medulloblastoma at 11 Italian neurosurgical wards (2003–2019) and were referred to Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori in Milan (INT) for postoperative treatments. We collected patients’ pre- and post-operative clinical, surgical and radiological data from the INT charts. To compare the distribution of variables, we used the Mann–Whitney and Fisher tests for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Results: 136 patients (109 children and 27 young adults) were included in the study. Among children, 29 (27%) developed PFS, and all of them had tumors at midline site with invasion of the fourth ventricle. Radiological evidence of involvement of the right superior (39% versus 12%; p = 0.011) or middle cerebellar peduncles (52% versus 18%; p = 0.002) seemed more common in children who developed PFS. Young adults showed an expected lower incidence of PFS (4 out of 27; 15%), that may be due to anatomical, physiological and oncological elements. Conclusions: This study confirmed some factors known to be associated with PFS onset and shed light on other debated issues. Our findings enhance an already hypothesized role of cerebellar language lateralization. The analysis of a population of young adults may shed more light on the often-neglected existence of PFS in non-pediatric patients.

Published
2022

18. Evaluation of topotecan and 10-hydroxycamptothecin on Toxoplasma gondii: Implications on baseline DNA damage and repair efficiency.

Author

Cristaldi, Constanza, Saldarriaga Cartagena, Ana M., Ganuza, Agustina, Sullivan, William J., Angel, Sergio O., and Vanagas, Laura

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite in the phylum Apicomplexa that causes toxoplasmosis in humans and animals worldwide. Despite its prevalence, there is currently no effective vaccine or treatment for chronic infection. Although there are therapies against the acute stage, prolonged use is toxic and poorly tolerated. This study aims to explore the potential of repurposing topotecan and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) as drugs producing double strand breaks (DSBs) in T. gondii. DSBs are mainly repaired by Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) and Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ). Two T. gondii strains, RHΔHXGPRT and RHΔKU80, were used to compare the drug's effects on parasites. RHΔHXGPRT parasites may use both HRR and NHEJ pathways but RHΔKU80 lacks the KU80 protein needed for NHEJ, leaving only the HRR pathway. Here we demonstrate that topotecan and HCPT, both topoisomerase I venoms, affected parasite replication in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, variations in fluorescence intensity measurements for the H2A.X phosphorylation mark (γH2A.X), an indicator of DNA damage, were observed in intracellular parasites under drug treatment conditions. Interestingly, intracellular replicative parasites without drug treatment show a strong positive staining for γH2A.X, suggesting inherent DNA damage. Extracellular (non-replicating) parasites did not exhibit γH2A.X staining, indicating that the basal level of DNA damage is likely to be associated with replicative stress. A high rate of DNA replication stress possibly prompted the evolution of an efficient repair machinery in the parasite, making it an attractive target. Our findings show that topoisomerase 1 venoms are effective antiparasitics blocking T. gondii replication. [Display omitted] • Topotecan and 10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) block Toxoplasma gondii replication. • Topotecan and HCPT induce Double strand break (DSB) DNA damage. • High replicative tachyzoite presents a baseline DSB DNA damage efficiently repaired. • Combining these drugs with repair intervention shows promise as therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. Contrast-induced encephalopathy and permanent neurological deficit: A case report and literature review

Author

Cristaldi, P, Polistena, A, Patassini, M, de Laurentis, C, Giussani, C, Remida, P, Cristaldi P. M. F., Polistena A., Patassini M., de Laurentis C., Giussani C., Remida P., Cristaldi, P, Polistena, A, Patassini, M, de Laurentis, C, Giussani, C, Remida, P, Cristaldi P. M. F., Polistena A., Patassini M., de Laurentis C., Giussani C., and Remida P.

Abstract

Background: Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare condition that occurs after intravenous or intra-arterial contrast agent administration. Patients generally show different ranges of neurological deficits, which generally resolve themselves spontaneously within 24–48 h or in rare cases within 2 weeks. Case Description: We report a case of CIE in a 54-year-old woman during retreatment for recanalization of communicating anterior artery aneurysm and with no history of allergic reaction to contrast agent. After the procedure, the patient developed right hemiplegia and complete aphasia; an MRI performed at 6 days excluded any signs of new ischemia and revealed a hyperintense signal on FLAIR sequences in the left cortical precentral gyrus corresponding to a hyperintense signal on DWI, suggesting a vasogenic edema. After 6 months, she clinically improved even if her previous neurological status was never restored while radiological findings did not change. Conclusion: According to the literature, many risk factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of CIE: we hypothesized that, among all of them, chronic hypertension and previous cerebral ischemic lesions were the most important in our case. Further studies are necessary to find the correlation between possible risk factors and neurotoxicity.

Published
2021

21. Role of aquaporins in hydrocephalus: what do we know and where do we stand? A systematic review

Author

de Laurentis, C, Cristaldi, P, Arighi, A, Cavandoli, C, Trezza, A, Sganzerla, E, Giussani, C, Di Cristofori, A, de Laurentis C., Cristaldi P., Arighi A., Cavandoli C., Trezza A., Sganzerla E. P., Giussani C. G., Di Cristofori A., de Laurentis, C, Cristaldi, P, Arighi, A, Cavandoli, C, Trezza, A, Sganzerla, E, Giussani, C, Di Cristofori, A, de Laurentis C., Cristaldi P., Arighi A., Cavandoli C., Trezza A., Sganzerla E. P., Giussani C. G., and Di Cristofori A.

Abstract

Introduction: Glymphatic fluid circulation may be considered the lymphatic system of the brain and the main role of such system seems to be played by aquaporins (AQPs), a family of proteins which regulates water exchange, in particular AQP4 and 1. Alterations of glymphatic fluid circulation through AQPs variations are now emerging as central elements in the pathophysiology of different brain conditions, like hydrocephalus. This systematic review provides an insight about the role of AQPs in hydrocephalus establishment and compensation, investigating their possible role as diagnostic tools or therapeutic targets. Methods: PubMed database was screened searching for the relevant existing literature in English language published until February 29th 2020, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. Results: A total of 40 articles met the inclusion criteria for our systematic analysis. AQP4 resulted the most studied water channel, followed by AQP1. The changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain parenchyma and choroid plexus (CP) in different hydrocephalus type were analyzed. Moreover, important pharmacological interactions regarding AQP and molecules or conditions were discussed. A very interesting result is the general consensus on increase of AQP4 in hydrocephalic patients, unless in patients suffering from idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, where AQP4 shows a tendency in reduction. Conclusion: AQP seem to play a central role in the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus and in its compensation mechanisms. Further studies are required to definitively establish their precise roles and their quantitative changes to allow their utilization as diagnostic tools or therapeutic targets.

Published
2021

23. A new epidemic wave of Bordetella pertussis in paediatric population: impact and role of co-infections in pertussis disease

Author

Scutari, Rossana, Linardos, Giulia, Ranno, Stefania, Pisani, Mara, Vittucci, Anna Chiara, Coltella, Luana, Colagrossi, Luna, Di Maio, Velia Chiara, Sisto, Annamaria, Mancinelli, Livia, Landi, Simona, Cristaldi, Sebastian, Raponi, Massimiliano, Bernaschi, Paola, Villani, Alberto, Russo, Cristina, and Perno, Carlo Federico

Published
2025
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26. Power Generation Control Algorithm for the Participation of Photovoltaic Panels in Network Stability

Author

Cristaldi, Loredana, Faifer, Marco, Laurano, Christian, Ottoboni, Roberto, Petkovski, Emil, and Toscani, Sergio

Abstract

The push for renewable energy and sustainable development has led to an ever-increasing integration of grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) systems. To maximize revenue, this resource generally operates in maximum power point trackers (MPPT) mode. However, to ensure grid stability and reliability, system operators will continue to introduce new requirements, eventually forcing PV plants to adhere to primary frequency regulation. To perform this task, PV plants will have to be capable of operating outside the MPP and varying their power production, to maintain an active power reserve, according to grid request. This article presents an innovative model-based (MB) tracking algorithm devoted to supporting power network regulation. Due to the updated formulation, the algorithm can vary the power curtailment according to a reduction factor given by the power system operators. Results show the remarkable performance and accuracy of the new algorithm, providing power regulation capability in the range 20%–100% of the maximum available power. Moreover, the impact of the employment of constant reduction coefficients on the algorithm performances has been evaluated. Validation has been performed based on the data collected over an observation interval of more than six months. Due to its flexibility, this could be the basis for the participation of PV systems to frequency regulation.

Published
2023
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29. Histone variant H2B.Z acetylation is necessary for maintenance of Toxoplasma gondii biological fitness.

Author

Vanagas, Laura, Muñoz, Daniela, Cristaldi, Constanza, Ganuza, Agustina, Nájera, Rosario, Bonardi, Mabel C., Turowski, Valeria R., Guzman, Fanny, Deng, Bin, Kim, Kami, Sullivan, William J., and Angel, Sergio O.

Abstract

Through regulation of DNA packaging, histone proteins are fundamental to a wide array of biological processes. A variety of post-translational modifications (PTMs), including acetylation, constitute a proposed histone code that is interpreted by "reader" proteins to modulate chromatin structure. Canonical histones can be replaced with variant versions that add an additional layer of regulatory complexity. The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is unique among eukaryotes in possessing a novel variant of H2B designated H2B.Z. The combination of PTMs and the use of histone variants are important for gene regulation in T. gondii , offering new targets for drug development. In this work, T. gondii parasites were generated in which the 5 N-terminal acetylatable lysines in H2B.Z were mutated to either alanine (c-Myc-A) or arginine (c-Myc-R). The c-Myc-A mutant displayed no phenotype over than a mild defect in its ability to kill mice. The c-Myc-R mutant presented an impaired ability to grow and an increase in differentiation to latent bradyzoites. The c-Myc-R mutant was also more sensitive to DNA damage, displayed no virulence in mice, and provided protective immunity against future infection. While nucleosome composition was unaltered, key genes were abnormally expressed during in vitro bradyzoite differentiation. Our results show that regulation of the N-terminal positive charge patch of H2B.Z is important for these processes. We also show that acetylated N-terminal H2B.Z interacts with some unique proteins compared to its unacetylated counterpart; the acetylated peptide pulled down proteins associated with chromosome maintenance/segregation and cell cycle, suggesting a link between H2B.Z acetylation status and mitosis. • Toxoplasma gondii variant histone H2B.Z N-tail has 5 acetylatable lysines. • We generated mutants where lysines were replaced by alanines or arginines (+ patch). • Positive patch affects growth, differentiation, DNA damage response and virulence. • Pull down with acetylated and non-acetylated peptides retrieved specific interactors. • H2B.Z acetylation regulates a positive charge patch important for parasite fitness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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34. Obstacles constrained group mobility models in event-driven wireless networks with movable base stations.

Author

Cristaldi, S., Ferro, A., Giugno, R., Pigola, G., and Pulvirenti, A.

Subjects
CONSTRAINT satisfaction, WIRELESS communications, AD hoc computer networks, SIGNAL processing, ALGORITHMS, GRAPH theory
Abstract

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a protocol for dynamic reconfiguration of ad-hoc wireless networks with movable base stations in presence of obstacles. Hosts are assigned to base stations according to a probabilistic throughput function based on both the quality of the signal and the base station load. In order to optimize space coverage, base stations cluster hosts using a distributed clustering algorithm. Obstacles may interfere with transmission and obstruct base stations and hosts movement. To overcome this problem, we perform base stations repositioning making use of a motion planning algorithm on the visibility graph based on an extension of the bottleneck matching technique. We implemented the protocol on top of the NS2 simulator as an extension of the AODV. We tested it using both Random Way Point and Reference Point Group mobility models properly adapted to deal with obstacles. Experimental analysis shows that the protocol ensures the total space coverage together with a good throughput on the realistic model (Reference Point Group) outperforming both the standard AODV and DSR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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35. FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH FOR DEVELOPMENT.

Author

CRISTALDI, MELITA

Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions, EDUCATION research, RESEARCH personnel, NARRATIVES, EDUCATIONAL technology, LECTURERS
Abstract

The article discusses the highlights of the First International Conference on Educational Research for Development held by the College of Education of the University of Addis Ababa (AAU) in Ethiopia from May 13 to 15, 2009. Attendees at the event are mentioned, including researchers. The topics tackled include the need to expand research in higher education, the use of narratives in research and educational technology. Professor emeritus David Bridges and professors Morwenna Griffiths and Samuel L. Odom were among the speakers featured.

Published
2009

36. Dietary exposure of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) from canned seafood by single particle ICP-MS: Balancing of risks and benefits for human health.

Author

Grasso, Alfina, Ferrante, Margherita, Moreda-Piñeiro, Antonio, Arena, Giovanni, Magarini, Riccardo, Oliveri Conti, Gea, Cristaldi, Antonio, and Copat, Chiara

Subjects
SEAFOOD, ZINC oxide, NANOPARTICLES, MARINE organisms
Abstract

The present study aims to give information regarding the quantification of ZnO-NPs in canned seafood, which may be intentionally or unintentionally added, and to provide a first esteem of dietary exposure. Samples were subjected to an alkaline digestion and assessment of ZnO-NPs was performed by the single particle ICP-MS technique. ZnO-NPs were found with concentrations range from 0.003 to 0.010 mg/kg and a size mean range from 61.3 and 78.6 nm. It was not observed a clear bioaccumulation trend according to trophic level and size of seafood species, although the mollusk species has slightly higher concentrations and larger size. The number of ZnO-NPs/g does not differ significantly among food samples, observing an average range of 5.51 × 106 - 9.97 × 106. Dissolved Zn determined with spICP-MS revealed comparable concentration to total Zn determined with ICP-MS in standard mode, confirming the efficiency of alkaline digestion on the extraction of the Zn. The same accumulation trend found for ZnO-NPs was observed more clearly for dissolved Zn. The ZnO-NPs intake derived from a meal does not differ significantly among seafood products and it ranges from 0.010 to 0.031 µg/kg b.w. in adult, and from 0.022 to 0.067 µg/kg b.w. in child. Conversely, the intake of dissolved Zn is significantly higher if it is assumed a meal of mollusks versus the fish products, with values of 109.3 µg/kg b.w. for adult and 240.1 µg/kg b.w. for child. Our findings revealed that ZnO-NPs have the potential to bioaccumulate in marine organisms, and seafood could be an important uptake route of ZnO-NPs. These results could be a first important step to understand the ZnO-NPs human dietary exposure, but the characterization and quantification of ZnO-NPs is necessary for a large number of food items • ZnO in nanoparticles (NPs) scale dimension (> 27 nm) was investigated in canned seafood by single particle ICP-MS. • ZnO-NPs were found with concentrations range from 0.003 to 0.010 mg/kg and a size mean range from 61.3 and 78.6 nm. • The EDI of ZnO-NPs ranges from 0.010 to 0.031 µg/kg b.w. in adult and from 0.022 to 0.067 µg/kg b.w. in child. • Findings revealed that ZnO-NPs have the potential to bioaccumulate in marine organisms. • Seafood could be an important uptake route of ZnO-NPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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37. The vascularity of internal fistulae in Crohn's disease: an in vivo power Doppler ultrasonography assessment.

Author

Maconi, G, Sampietro, G M, Russo, A, Bollani, S, Cristaldi, M, Parente, F, Dottorini, F, and Bianchi Porro, G

Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of power Doppler sonography (US) in depicting internal fistulae and their vascularity, and to study the characteristics of blood flow within the fistula wall. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study involved 45 consecutive patients with Crohn's disease and suspected internal fistulae detected by grey scale US. The fistulae were subsequently evaluated using power Doppler US to reveal any areas of increased vascularity, and the results were compared with radiographic, endoscopic, or intraoperative findings. Whenever feasible, we also performed spectral analysis of blood flow revealed by power Doppler US, calculated its resistance index (RI), and analysed its characteristics, reproducibility, and relationship with biochemical and clinical variables (Crohn's disease activity index, disease duration, location, and abdominal complications). RESULTS: Power Doppler US revealed vascularity in all of the internal fistulae that where subsequently confirmed by diagnostic procedures. In the case of intra-abdominal abscesses in the vicinity of the fistula, vascular signals were detected mostly around and not within the lesions. The intensity and distribution of the signals differed within the fistulae tracks and had only slight day to day reproducibility; furthermore, there was no significant correlation with clinical or biochemical variables. Spectral analyses of blood flow within the fistulae revealed arterial flow in 96.7% of patients (median RI 0.715). RI was a more reproducible parameter and significantly correlated with clinical (r= 0.54) and biochemical activity (r= 0.56) of CD. It was also higher in fistulae complicated by abscesses. CONCLUSION: Power Doppler US can reveal the presence of vasculature within the wall of internal fistulae and therefore enhance grey scale US performance. The RI characteristics of blood flow within the fistulae are reproducible and correlate with biochemical and clinical disease activity.

Published
2002

38. Bowel ultrasound in assessment of Crohn's disease and detection of related small bowel strictures: a prospective comparative study versus x ray and intraoperative findings.

Author

Parente, F, Maconi, G, Bollani, S, Anderloni, A, Sampietro, G, Cristaldi, M, Franceschelli, N, Bianco, R, Taschieri, A M, and Bianchi Porro, G

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Despite the fact that bowel ultrasound (US) has recently been proved to be useful in the assessment of bowel diseases, uncertainty persists as to its diagnostic role in patients with complicated Crohn's disease (CD). Therefore, we have prospectively investigated the accuracy of US compared with x ray procedures and intraoperative findings in detecting small bowel strictures complicating CD as well as its reliability in assessing disease extent and location within the bowel. METHODS: A series of 296 consecutive patients with proven CD admitted to L Sacco University Hospital between 1997 and 1999, having undergone complete radiographic evaluation (including small bowel x ray, colonoscopy, or double contrast barium enema), were enrolled in the study. Bowel US was performed in each patient by two experienced operators unaware of the results of other diagnostic procedures. The accuracy of US in detecting strictures compared with x ray studies was determined separately in two different groups of patients: 211 patients treated conservatively (non-operative CD) and 85 patients who were candidates for surgery for CD complications or unresponsiveness to medical therapy (operative CD). RESULTS: Overall sensitivity and specificity of US in assessing the anatomical distribution of CD were 93% and 97%, respectively. The extent of ileal disease measured at US correlated well with that determined by x ray (r=0.52, p<0.001) in medically treated patients as well as with that measured intraoperatively in surgical patients (r=0.64, p<0.001). One or more stenoses were detected in 75 patients (35.5%) at small bowel enteroclysis in the non-operative CD group compared with 70 (82%) in the operative CD series. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values of bowel US in the detection of strictures were 79%, 98%, and 95% in non-operative CD patients and 90%, 100%, and 100% in operative CD cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In experienced hands, bowel US is an accurate technique for assessing CD extent and location and is very helpful in detecting small bowel strictures, especially in very severe cases that are candidates for surgery. The use of bowel US is therefore justified as a primary investigation in CD patients in whom complications are suspected.

Published
2002

39. Bowel ultrasound in assessment of Crohn's disease and detection of related small bowel strictures: a prospective comparative study versus x ray and intraoperative findings.

Author

F, Parente, G, Maconi, S, Bollani, A, Anderloni, G, Sampietro, M, Cristaldi, N, Franceschelli, R, Bianco, M, Taschieri A, and G, Bianchi Porro

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Despite the fact that bowel ultrasound (US) has recently been proved to be useful in the assessment of bowel diseases, uncertainty persists as to its diagnostic role in patients with complicated Crohn's disease (CD). Therefore, we have prospectively investigated the accuracy of US compared with x ray procedures and intraoperative findings in detecting small bowel strictures complicating CD as well as its reliability in assessing disease extent and location within the bowel. METHODS: A series of 296 consecutive patients with proven CD admitted to L Sacco University Hospital between 1997 and 1999, having undergone complete radiographic evaluation (including small bowel x ray, colonoscopy, or double contrast barium enema), were enrolled in the study. Bowel US was performed in each patient by two experienced operators unaware of the results of other diagnostic procedures. The accuracy of US in detecting strictures compared with x ray studies was determined separately in two different groups of patients: 211 patients treated conservatively (non-operative CD) and 85 patients who were candidates for surgery for CD complications or unresponsiveness to medical therapy (operative CD). RESULTS: Overall sensitivity and specificity of US in assessing the anatomical distribution of CD were 93% and 97%, respectively. The extent of ileal disease measured at US correlated well with that determined by x ray (r=0.52, p&lt;0.001) in medically treated patients as well as with that measured intraoperatively in surgical patients (r=0.64, p&lt;0.001). One or more stenoses were detected in 75 patients (35.5%) at small bowel enteroclysis in the non-operative CD group compared with 70 (82%) in the operative CD series. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values of bowel US in the detection of strictures were 79%, 98%, and 95% in non-operative CD patients and 90%, 100%, and 100% in operative CD cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In experienced hands, bowel US is an accurate technique for assessing CD extent and location and is very helpful in detecting small bowel strictures, especially in very severe cases that are candidates for surgery. The use of bowel US is therefore justified as a primary investigation in CD patients in whom complications are suspected.

Published
2002

40. Circulating Tumor DNA Integrated with Interim [18F]FDG PET Is Highly Effective in Predicting Outcome of Relapsed/Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated with the Begev Regimen

Author

Di Trani, Martina, Ricci, Francesca, Sollini, Martina, Calabretta, Eleonora, Cristaldi, Vanessa, Bonovas, Stefanos, Marino, Fabrizio, Mazza, Rita, Bruscaggin, Alessio, Pirosa, Maria Cristina, Chiti, Arturo, Rossi, Davide, Santoro, Armando, and Carlo-Stella, Carmelo

Abstract

Background.Risk stratification is particularly important to tailor the therapeutic strategy and avoid unnecessary toxicity for the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Early assessment of chemo-sensitivity by fluoro-deoxy-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan is the strongest predictor of outcome in first line setting; however, data are limited in r/r cHL. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling is emerging as a powerful tool for outcome prediction and response monitoring.The BEGEV (BEndamustine, GEmcitabine,Vinorelbine) regimen is routinely offered as salvage strategy prior to autologous (auto) or allogeneic (allo) stem cell transplantation (SCT) in r/r cHL (Santoro, 2016). Early identification of patients who fail this program may have a significant clinical impact in the selection of the optimal therapeutic strategy for r/r cHL.

Published
2021
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41. HIGHER EDUCATION AND THE EMPLOYMENT MARKET IN THE ARAB WORLD.

Author

Cristaldi, Melita

Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions, HIGHER education, EMPLOYMENT -- Congresses, WORK & education
Abstract

The article focuses on the international discussion on the relationship between higher education and the employment market in the Arab world held in Rabat, Morocco from November 2 to 3, 2006. Mohammed V University of Rabat professor Mohammed Souali discussed the factors attributed to the present state of the education-employment relationship in Morocco and the Arab world. Saint Joseph University professor Suzanne Abdul-Reda Abourjeili analyzed the higher education and job market in Lebanon.

Published
2006

43. Longitudinal Assessment of Circulating Tumor Mutational Burden Using a Next-Generation Sequencing Cancer Gene Panel: A Potential Biomarker of Response to Programmed Cell Death 1 (PD-1) Blockade in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Author

Di Trani, Martina, Rizzo, Ettore, Locatelli, Silvia, Marino, Fabrizio, Cristaldi, Vanessa, Spina, Valeria, Bruscaggin, Alessio, De Paoli, Federica, Careddu, Giuseppa, Rodari, Marcello, Kirienko, Margarita, Calabretta, Eleonora, Magagnoli, Massimo, Morello, Lucia, Ricci, Francesca, Chiti, Arturo, Santoro, Armando, Hohaus, Stefan, Rossi, Davide, and Carlo-Stella, Carmelo

Abstract

Santoro: Eisai: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Lilly: Speakers Bureau; Sandoz: Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Arqule: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Speakers Bureau; Servier: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Speakers Bureau; BMS: Speakers Bureau; Roche: Speakers Bureau; Abb-Vie: Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Speakers Bureau; BMS: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; MSD: Speakers Bureau. Rossi:Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Abbvie: Honoraria, Other: Scientific advisory board; Janseen: Honoraria, Other: Scientific advisory board; Roche: Honoraria, Other: Scientific advisory board; Astra Zeneca: Honoraria, Other: Scientific advisory board. Carlo-Stella:ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: Travel, accommodations, Research Funding; Sanofi: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Janssen Oncology: Honoraria; MSD: Honoraria; Servier: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel, accommodations; Amgen: Honoraria; Boehringer Ingelheim: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Honoraria, Other: Travel, accommodations, Research Funding; BMS: Honoraria; Janssen: Other: Travel, accommodations; Takeda: Other: Travel, accommodations; Rhizen Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Honoraria; Genenta Science srl: Consultancy.

Published
2019
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46. Synthesis and Experimental Validation of New Designed Heterocyclic Compounds with Antiproliferative Activity versus Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231

Author

Barresi, Vincenza, Bonaccorso, Carmela, A. Cristaldi, Domenico, N. Modica, Maria, Musso, Nicolò, Pittalà, Valeria, Salerno, Loredana, and G. Fortuna, Cosimo

Abstract

Recent drug discovery efforts are highly focused towards identification, design, and synthesis of small molecules as anticancer agents. With this aim, we recently designed and synthesized novel compounds with high efficacy and specificity for the treatment of breast tumors. Based on the obtained results, we constructed a Volsurf+ (VS+) model using a dataset of 59 compounds able to predict the in vitro antitumor activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line for new derivatives. In the present paper, in order to further verify the robustness of this model, we report the results of the projection of more than 150 known molecules and 9 newly synthesized compounds. We predict their activity versus MCF-7 cell line and experimentally verify the in silico results for some promising chosen molecules in two human breast cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231.

Published
2017
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49. Free-living rodents as bioindicators of genetic risk in natural protected areas

Author

Moreno, S., Di Benedetto, A., Bolivar, J. P., Cappai, A., Cristaldi, M., and Ieradi, L. A.

Subjects
GENETICS, RISK assessment
Abstract

A study was carried out in the south of the Iberian Peninsula in an industrial area (Huelva city) and in two natural areas (`Reserva Biologica de Donana' in Donana National Park and `Isla Cristina' Marshland Natural Park), located windward and leeward of the industrial area,to estimate genetic risk induced by environmental pollution in wild mice. Mutagenetic effects in Algerian mice (Mus spretus) free living in the industrial area and the range of contamination on other populations of the same species living in the two natural protected areas, were investigated. Micronucleus test on bone marrow and peripheral blood was used to detect genetic alterations. A statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei was observed in animals from the industrial area and from the Donana Biological Reserve in comparison with those from `Isla Cristina' marshlands. The results suggest that the mutagenicity level in natural populations living in protected areas should be controlled, and wild mice could be used as key organisms in pollution monitoring and environmental conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998

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