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2. Gut microbiota composition is altered in a preclinical model of type 1 diabetes mellitus: Influence on gut steroids, permeability, and cognitive abilities

Author

Diviccaro, S, Falvo, E, Piazza, R, Cioffi, L, Herian, M, Brivio, P, Calabrese, F, Giatti, S, Caruso, D, Melcangi, R, Diviccaro, Silvia, Falvo, Eva, Piazza, Rocco, Cioffi, Lucia, Herian, Monika, Brivio, Paola, Calabrese, Francesca, Giatti, Silvia, Caruso, Donatella, Melcangi, Roberto Cosimo, Diviccaro, S, Falvo, E, Piazza, R, Cioffi, L, Herian, M, Brivio, P, Calabrese, F, Giatti, S, Caruso, D, Melcangi, R, Diviccaro, Silvia, Falvo, Eva, Piazza, Rocco, Cioffi, Lucia, Herian, Monika, Brivio, Paola, Calabrese, Francesca, Giatti, Silvia, Caruso, Donatella, and Melcangi, Roberto Cosimo

Abstract

Sex steroid hormones are not only synthesized from the gonads but also by other tissues, such as the brain (i.e., neurosteroids) and colon (i.e., gut steroids). Gut microbiota can be shaped from sex steroid hormones synthesized from the gonads and locally interacts with gut steroids as in turn modulates neurosteroids. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by dysbiosis and also by diabetic encephalopathy. However, the interactions of players of gut-brain axis, such as gut steroids, gut permeability markers and microbiota, have been poorly explored in this pathology and, particularly in females. On this basis, we have explored, in streptozotocin (STZ)induced adult female rats, whether one month of T1DM may alter (I) gut microbiome composition and diversity by 16S next-generation sequencing, (II) gut steroid levels by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, (III) gut permeability markers by gene expression analysis, (IV) cognitive behavior by the novel object recognition (NOR) test and whether correlations among these aspects may occur. Results obtained reveal that T1DM alters gut beta-, but not alpha-diversity. The pathology is also associated with a decrease and an increase in colonic pregnenolone and allopregnanolone levels, respectively. Additionally, diabetes alters gut permeability and worsens cognitive behavior. Finally, we reported a significant correlation of pregnenolone with Blautia, claudin-1 and the NOR index and of allopregnanolone with Parasutterella, Gammaproteobacteria and claudin-1. Altogether, these results suggest new putative roles of these two gut steroids related to cognitive deficit and dysbiosis in T1DM female experimental model.

Published
2023

5. Gut Steroids and Microbiota: Effect of Gonadectomy and Sex

Author

Diviccaro, Silvia, primary, FitzGerald, Jamie A., additional, Cioffi, Lucia, additional, Falvo, Eva, additional, Crispie, Fiona, additional, Cotter, Paul D., additional, O’Mahony, Siobhain M., additional, Giatti, Silvia, additional, Caruso, Donatella, additional, and Melcangi, Roberto Cosimo, additional

Published
2022
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6. On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology

Author

Costabile, Francesca, primary, Decesari, Stefano, additional, Vecchi, Roberta, additional, Lucarelli, Franco, additional, Curci, Gabriele, additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Rinaldi, Matteo, additional, Gualtieri, Maurizio, additional, Corsini, Emanuela, additional, Menegola, Elena, additional, Canepari, Silvia, additional, Massimi, Lorenzo, additional, Argentini, Stefania, additional, Busetto, Maurizio, additional, Di Iulio, Gianluca, additional, Di Liberto, Luca, additional, Paglione, Marco, additional, Petenko, Igor, additional, Russo, Mara, additional, Marinoni, Angela, additional, Casasanta, Gianpietro, additional, Valentini, Sara, additional, Bernardoni, Vera, additional, Crova, Federica, additional, Valli, Gianluigi, additional, Forello, Alice Corina, additional, Giardi, Fabio, additional, Nava, Silvia, additional, Pazzi, Giulia, additional, Prati, Paolo, additional, Vernocchi, Virginia, additional, La Torretta, Teresa, additional, Petralia, Ettore, additional, Stracquadanio, Milena, additional, Zanini, Gabriele, additional, Melzi, Gloria, additional, Nozza, Emma, additional, Iulini, Martina, additional, Caruso, Donatella, additional, Cioffi, Lucia, additional, Imperato, Gabriele, additional, Giavarini, Flavio, additional, Battistoni, Maria, additional, Di Renzo, Francesca, additional, Frezzini, Maria Agostina, additional, Perrino, Cinzia, additional, and Facchini, Maria Cristina, additional

Published
2022
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