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1. Development of the Thought Disorder Measure for the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology

Author

Cicero, David C, Jonas, Katherine G, Chmielewski, Michael, Martin, Elizabeth A, Docherty, Anna R, Berzon, Jonathan, Haltigan, John D, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Caspi, Avshalom, Graziolplene, Rachael G, and Kotov, Roman

Subjects
Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Serious Mental Illness, Clinical Research, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Schizophrenia, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Humans, Psychopathology, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Self Report, schizophrenia, psychosis, schizotypy, schizotypal personality, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Clinical Psychology, Applied and developmental psychology, Biological psychology
Abstract

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology consortium aims to develop a comprehensive self-report measure to assess psychopathology dimensionally. The current research describes the initial conceptualization, development, and item selection for the thought disorder spectrum and related constructs from other spectra. The thought disorder spectrum is defined primarily by the positive and disorganized traits and symptoms of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. The Thought Disorder Sub-Workgroup identified and defined 16 relevant constructs and wrote 10 to 15 items per each construct. These items were administered, along with detachment and mania items, to undergraduates and people with serious mental illness. Three hundred and sixty-five items across 25 scales were administered. An exploratory factor analysis of the scale scores suggested a two-factor structure corresponding to positive and negative symptoms for two samples. The mania scales loaded with the positive factor, while the detachment scales loaded with the negative factor. Item-level analyses resulted in 19 preliminary scales, including 215 items that cover the range of thought disorder pathology, and will be carried forward for the next phase of data collection/analysis.

Published
2022

2. Commentary on "The Challenge of Transforming the Diagnostic System of Personality Disorders".

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Subjects
Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Psychiatry, Applied and developmental psychology, Clinical and health psychology, Social and personality psychology
Published
2020

3. Integrating the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) Into Clinical Practice

Author

Ruggero, Camilo J, Kotov, Roman, Hopwood, Christopher J, First, Michael, Clark, Lee Anna, Skodol, Andrew E, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Patrick, Christopher J, Bach, Bo, Cicero, David C, Docherty, Anna, Simms, Leonard J, Bagby, R Michael, Krueger, Robert F, Callahan, Jennifer L, Chmielewski, Michael, Conway, Christopher C, De Clercq, Barbara, Dornbach-Bender, Allison, Eaton, Nicholas R, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Haltigan, John D, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Patalay, Praveetha, Regier, Darrel A, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Shackman, Alexander J, Waszczuk, Monika A, Watson, David, Wright, Aidan GC, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Subjects
Health Services, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Humans, Mental Disorders, Models, Theoretical, Psychopathology, classification, diagnosis, nosology, psychopathology, treatment, Psychology, Clinical Psychology
Abstract

ObjectiveDiagnosis is a cornerstone of clinical practice for mental health care providers, yet traditional diagnostic systems have well-known shortcomings, including inadequate reliability, high comorbidity, and marked within-diagnosis heterogeneity. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a data-driven, hierarchically based alternative to traditional classifications that conceptualizes psychopathology as a set of dimensions organized into increasingly broad, transdiagnostic spectra. Prior work has shown that using a dimensional approach improves reliability and validity, but translating a model like HiTOP into a workable system that is useful for health care providers remains a major challenge.MethodThe present work outlines the HiTOP model and describes the core principles to guide its integration into clinical practice.ResultsPotential advantages and limitations of the HiTOP model for clinical utility are reviewed, including with respect to case conceptualization and treatment planning. A HiTOP approach to practice is illustrated and contrasted with an approach based on traditional nosology. Common barriers to using HiTOP in real-world health care settings and solutions to these barriers are discussed.ConclusionsHiTOP represents a viable alternative to classifying mental illness that can be integrated into practice today, although research is needed to further establish its utility. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Published
2019

4. Criterion A of the AMPD in HiTOP

Author

Widiger, Thomas A, Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, Clark, Lee Anna, DeYoung, Colin, Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, South, Susan C, Tackett, Jennifer L, Watson, David, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Zimmermann, Johannes, Bagby, R Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher C, De Clercq, Barbara, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Forbush, Kelsie T, Haltigan, JD, Ivanova, Masha Y, Latzman, Robert D, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Reininghaus, Ulrich, and Thomas, Katherine M

Subjects
Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Genetics, Behavioral and Social Science, Human Genome, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Defense Mechanisms, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Personality, Personality Disorders, Personality Inventory, Problem Behavior, Psychopathology, Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services, Studies in Human Society, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Commerce, management, tourism and services, Human society
Abstract

The categorical model of personality disorder classification in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. [DSM-5]; American Psychiatric Association, 2013 ) is highly and fundamentally problematic. Proposed for DSM-5 and provided within Section III (for Emerging Measures and Models) was the Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD) classification, consisting of Criterion A (self-interpersonal deficits) and Criterion B (maladaptive personality traits). A proposed alternative to the DSM-5 more generally is an empirically based dimensional organization of psychopathology identified as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP; Kotov et al., 2017 ). HiTOP currently includes, at the highest level, a general factor of psychopathology. Further down are the five domains of detachment, antagonistic externalizing, disinhibited externalizing, thought disorder, and internalizing (along with a provisional sixth somatoform dimension) that align with Criterion B. The purpose of this article is to discuss the potential inclusion and placement of the self-interpersonal deficits of the DSM-5 Section III Criterion A within HiTOP.

Published
2019

5. A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Can Transform Mental Health Research

Author

Conway, Christopher C, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Fried, Eiko I, Hallquist, Michael N, Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Shackman, Alexander J, Skodol, Andrew E, South, Susan C, Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A, Zald, David H, Afzali, Mohammad H, Bornovalova, Marina A, Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R, Jonas, Katherine G, Krueger, Robert F, Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L, Tackett, Jennifer L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D, Wright, Aidan GC, Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Latzman, Robert D, Patrick, Christopher J, Ruggero, Camilo J, Samuel, Douglas B, Watson, David, and Eaton, Nicholas R

Subjects
Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Behavioral and Social Science, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Heuristics, Humans, Mental Disorders, Models, Theoretical, Research Design, Terminology as Topic, mental illness, nosology, individual differences, transdiagnostic, Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology, HiTOP, ICD, DSM, RDoC, Cognitive Sciences, Social Psychology
Abstract

For more than a century, research on psychopathology has focused on categorical diagnoses. Although this work has produced major discoveries, growing evidence points to the superiority of a dimensional approach to the science of mental illness. Here we outline one such dimensional system-the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)-that is based on empirical patterns of co-occurrence among psychological symptoms. We highlight key ways in which this framework can advance mental-health research, and we provide some heuristics for using HiTOP to test theories of psychopathology. We then review emerging evidence that supports the value of a hierarchical, dimensional model of mental illness across diverse research areas in psychological science. These new data suggest that the HiTOP system has the potential to accelerate and improve research on mental-health problems as well as efforts to more effectively assess, prevent, and treat mental illness.

Published
2019

6. Commentary on "The Challenge of Transforming the Diagnostic System of Personality Disorders".

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Subjects
Psychology, Psychiatry
Published
2019

7. Enhancing Psychosis-Spectrum Nosology Through an International Data Sharing Initiative.

Author

Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond CK, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O’Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, and Cohen, Alex S

Subjects
Brain Disorders, Human Genome, Genetics, Mental Health, Good Health and Well Being, Datasets as Topic, Humans, Information Dissemination, Intersectoral Collaboration, Models, Theoretical, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, data sharing, schizotypy, schizotypal, psychos is, schizophrenia, phenotype, genetic, ICSR, HiTOP, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry
Abstract

The latent structure of schizotypy and psychosis-spectrum symptoms remains poorly understood. Furthermore, molecular genetic substrates are poorly defined, largely due to the substantial resources required to collect rich phenotypic data across diverse populations. Sample sizes of phenotypic studies are often insufficient for advanced structural equation modeling approaches. In the last 50 years, efforts in both psychiatry and psychological science have moved toward (1) a dimensional model of psychopathology (eg, the current Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology [HiTOP] initiative), (2) an integration of methods and measures across traits and units of analysis (eg, the RDoC initiative), and (3) powerful, impactful study designs maximizing sample size to detect subtle genomic variation relating to complex traits (the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium [PGC]). These movements are important to the future study of the psychosis spectrum, and to resolving heterogeneity with respect to instrument and population. The International Consortium of Schizotypy Research is composed of over 40 laboratories in 12 countries, and to date, members have compiled a body of schizotypy- and psychosis-related phenotype data from more than 30000 individuals. It has become apparent that compiling data into a protected, relational database and crowdsourcing analytic and data science expertise will result in significant enhancement of current research on the structure and biological substrates of the psychosis spectrum. The authors present a data-sharing infrastructure similar to that of the PGC, and a resource-sharing infrastructure similar to that of HiTOP. This report details the rationale and benefits of the phenotypic data collective and presents an open invitation for participation.

Published
2018

8. The time has come for dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, Livesley, W John, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins‐Sweatt, Stephanie N, Ormel, J Hans, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical and Health Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Humans, International Classification of Diseases, Personality Disorders, Public Health and Health Services, Clinical sciences, Clinical and health psychology, Social and personality psychology
Published
2018

9. Differential Risk: Gender and Racial Differences in the Relationship between Trauma, Discrimination, and Schizotypy

Author

Monette, Mahogany A., primary, Russell, Madisen T., additional, Abel, Danielle B., additional, Lewis, Jarrett T., additional, Mickens, Jessica L., additional, Myers, Evan J., additional, Hricovec, Megan M., additional, Cicero, David C., additional, Wolny, J., additional, Hetrick, William P., additional, Masucci, Michael D., additional, Cohen, Alex S., additional, Burgin, Christopher J., additional, Kwapil, Thomas R., additional, and Minor, Kyle S., additional

Published
2024
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10. Many Labs 3: Evaluating participant pool quality across the academic semester via replication

Author

Ebersole, Charles R, Atherton, Olivia E, Belanger, Aimee L, Skulborstad, Hayley M, Allen, Jill M, Banks, Jonathan B, Baranski, Erica, Bernstein, Michael J, Bonfiglio, Diane BV, Boucher, Leanne, Brown, Elizabeth R, Budiman, Nancy I, Cairo, Athena H, Capaldi, Colin A, Chartier, Christopher R, Chung, Joanne M, Cicero, David C, Coleman, Jennifer A, Conway, John G, Davis, William E, Devos, Thierry, Fletcher, Melody M, German, Komi, Grahe, Jon E, Hermann, Anthony D, Hicks, Joshua A, Honeycutt, Nathan, Humphrey, Brandon, Janus, Matthew, Johnson, David J, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A, Juzeler, Hannah, Keres, Ashley, Kinney, Diana, Kirshenbaum, Jacqeline, Klein, Richard A, Lucas, Richard E, Lustgraaf, Christopher JN, Martin, Daniel, Menon, Madhavi, Metzger, Mitchell, Moloney, Jaclyn M, Morse, Patrick J, Prislin, Radmila, Razza, Timothy, Re, Daniel E, Rule, Nicholas O, Sacco, Donald F, Sauerberger, Kyle, Shrider, Emily, Shultz, Megan, Siemsen, Courtney, Sobocko, Karin, Sternglanz, R Weylin, Summerville, Amy, Tskhay, Konstantin O, van Allen, Zack, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Walker, Ryan J, Weinberg, Ashley, Wilson, John Paul, Wirth, James H, Wortman, Jessica, and Nosek, Brian A

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Social psychology, Cognitive psychology, Replication, Participant pool, Individual differences, Sampling effects, Situational effects, Cognitive Sciences, Social Psychology, Social and personality psychology
Abstract

The university participant pool is a key resource for behavioral research, and data quality is believed to vary over the course of the academic semester. This crowdsourced project examined time of semester variation in 10 known effects, 10 individual differences, and 3 data quality indicators over the course of the academic semester in 20 participant pools (N = 2696) and with an online sample (N = 737). Weak time of semester effects were observed on data quality indicators, participant sex, and a few individual differences—conscientiousness, mood, and stress. However, there was little evidence for time of semester qualifying experimental or correlational effects. The generality of this evidence is unknown because only a subset of the tested effects demonstrated evidence for the original result in the whole sample. Mean characteristics of pool samples change slightly during the semester, but these data suggest that those changes are mostly irrelevant for detecting effects.

Published
2016

11. Decreased Self-Concept Clarity in People with Schizophrenia

Author

Cicero, David Colin, Martin, Elizabeth A, Becker, Theresa M, and Kerns, John G

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Serious Mental Illness, Clinical Research, Schizophrenia, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Mental health, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychological Tests, Schizophrenic Psychology, Self Concept, psychosis, self-concept clarity, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, Clinical Sciences, Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Disturbances in the perception of self are thought to be central to the development of psychosis. Self-concept clarity (SCC) is the extent to which one's beliefs about oneself are internally consistent, stable, and clear. Participants with schizophrenia (N = 54) and healthy controls (N = 32) completed the Me Not-Me Decision Task (MNMDT), in which they decided whether 60 adjectives (30 pairs of antonyms) did or did not describe themselves. SCC is conceptualized as the number of consistent responses. Participants also completed the Self-Concept Clarity Scale (SCCS). Compared to healthy controls, participants with schizophrenia scored lower on the MNMDT and SCCS, and scores were negatively correlated with positive and negative symptoms. In a simultaneous regression, SCCS scores were uniquely associated with positive symptoms, whereas MNMDT scores were uniquely associated with negative symptoms. This suggests that people with schizophrenia have decreased self-concept clarity that is related to positive and negative symptoms.

Published
2016

12. Aberrant salience, self-concept clarity, and interview-rated psychotic-like experiences.

Author

Cicero, David C, Docherty, Anna R, Becker, Theresa M, Martin, Elizabeth A, and Kerns, John G

Subjects
Serious Mental Illness, Mental Health, Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Delusions, Female, Hallucinations, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Models, Psychological, Personality Assessment, Psychological Tests, Psychometrics, Psychotic Disorders, Regression Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Self Concept, Sensitivity and Specificity, Students, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psychology, Psychiatry
Abstract

Many social-cognitive models of psychotic-like symptoms posit a role for self-concept and aberrant salience. Previous work has shown that the interaction between aberrant salience and self-concept clarity is associated with self-reported psychotic-like experiences. In the current research with two structured interviews, the interaction between aberrant salience and self-concept clarity was found to be associated with interview-rated psychotic-like experiences. The interaction was associated with psychotic-like experiences composite scores, delusional ideation, grandiosity, and perceptual anomalies. In all cases, self-concept clarity was negatively associated with psychotic-like experiences at high levels of aberrant salience, but unassociated with psychotic-like experiences at low levels of aberrant salience. The interaction was specific to positive psychotic-like experiences and not present for negative or disorganized ratings. The interaction was not mediated by self-esteem levels. These results provide further evidence that aberrant salience and self-concept clarity play an important role in the generation of psychotic-like experiences.

Published
2015

13. Reinforcement learning deficits in people with schizophrenia persist after extended trials

Author

Cicero, David C, Martin, Elizabeth A, Becker, Theresa M, and Kerns, John G

Subjects
Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Schizophrenia, Mental health, Adult, Feedback, Psychological, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Middle Aged, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reward, Schizophrenic Psychology, Dopamine, Punishment, Approach, Avoidance, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry
Abstract

Previous research suggests that people with schizophrenia have difficulty learning from positive feedback and when learning needs to occur rapidly. However, they seem to have relatively intact learning from negative feedback when learning occurs gradually. Participants are typically given a limited amount of acquisition trials to learn the reward contingencies and then tested about what they learned. The current study examined whether participants with schizophrenia continue to display these deficits when given extra time to learn the contingences. Participants with schizophrenia and matched healthy controls completed the Probabilistic Selection Task, which measures positive and negative feedback learning separately. Participants with schizophrenia showed a deficit in learning from both positive feedback and negative feedback. These reward learning deficits persisted even if people with schizophrenia are given extra time (up to 10 blocks of 60 trials) to learn the reward contingencies. These results suggest that the observed deficits cannot be attributed solely to slower learning and instead reflect a specific deficit in reinforcement learning.

Published
2014

14. Correspondence Between Psychometric and Clinical High Risk for Psychosis in an Undergraduate Population

Author

Cicero, David C, Martin, Elizabeth A, Becker, Theresa M, Docherty, Anna R, and Kerns, John G

Subjects
Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Schizophrenia, Behavioral and Social Science, Serious Mental Illness, Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Mental health, Adolescent, Female, Humans, Male, Prodromal Symptoms, Psychometrics, Psychotic Disorders, ROC Curve, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Assessment, Schizophrenic Psychology, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Young Adult, Business and Management, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Clinical Psychology
Abstract

Despite the common use of either psychometric or clinical methods for identifying individuals at risk for psychosis, previous research has not examined the correspondence and extent of convergence of these 2 approaches. Undergraduates (n = 160), selected from a larger pool, completed 3 self-report schizotypy scales: the Magical Ideation Scale, the Perceptual Aberration Scale, and the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. They were administered the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. First, high correlations were observed for self-report and interview-rated psychotic-like experiences (rs between .48 and .61, p < .001). Second, 77% of individuals who identified as having a risk for psychosis with the self-report measures reported at least 1 clinically meaningful psychotic-like experience on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. Third, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that the self-report scales can be used to identify which participants report clinically meaningful positive symptoms. These results suggest that mostly White undergraduate participants who identify as at risk with the psychometric schizotypy approach report clinically meaningful psychotic-like experiences in an interview format and that the schizotypy scales are moderately to strongly correlated with interview-rated psychotic-like experiences. The results of the current research provide a baseline for comparing research between these 2 approaches.

Published
2014

15. Examination of Affective and Cognitive Interference in Schizophrenia and Relation to Symptoms

Author

Martin, Elizabeth A, Becker, Theresa M, Cicero, David C, and Kerns, John G

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Mind and Body, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Schizophrenia, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Analysis of Variance, Anhedonia, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Schizophrenic Psychology, Speech Disorders, Cognitive Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Applied and developmental psychology, Clinical and health psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

The nature of emotion deficits in schizophrenia and anhedonia is still unclear, and understanding the nature of these deficits could help improve treatment of chronic symptoms and functional disability. An important mechanism in emotional functioning is attention to affective information. People with schizophrenia (n = 48) and a nonpsychiatric comparison group (n = 28) completed an affective interference task, a task used to assess attention to affective information. Given that the affective interference task also involves prepotent response inhibition, participants also completed a very similar, but nonaffective, cognitive interference task that involves prepotent inhibition but does not require attention to affective information. Results revealed that people with schizophrenia exhibited decreased affective interference on trials with a shorter length of time between the onset of the cue and onset of the target but increased cognitive interference at all time lengths between the cue and target onsets used in the study. In addition, decreased affective interference was associated with increased anhedonia and increased reports of wanting to ignore positive emotions. In contrast, increased cognitive interference was associated with increased communication disturbances and alogia. Overall, these results suggest that there may be a decrease in attention to affective information in schizophrenia and that affective interference is related to anhedonia. At the same time, these results provide further evidence of cognitive control prepotent inhibition deficits in schizophrenia, which are related to communication disturbances and alogia.

Published
2013

17. CFO Effort and Public Firms' Financial Information Environment*.

Author

Biggerstaff, Lee E., Cicero, David C., Goldie, Brad, Reid, Lauren C., Ge, Weili, and Moon, Keehea

Subjects
CHIEF financial officers, TELECONFERENCING, AUDITING fees, FINANCIAL statements, CHIEF executive officers, ENTERPRISE value
Abstract

Copyright of Contemporary Accounting Research is the property of Canadian Academic Accounting Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2021
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18. Many Labs 3: Evaluating participant pool quality across the academic semester via replication

Author

Ebersole, Charles, Atherton, Olivia, Belanger, Aimee, Skulborstad, Hayley, Adams, Reginald, Allen, Jill, Banks, Jonathan, Baranski, Erica, Bernstein, Michael, Bonfiglio, Diane, Boucher, Leanne, Brown, Elizabeth, Budiman, Nancy, Capaldi, Colin, Chartier, Christopher, Cicero, David, Coleman, Jennifer, Conway, Morgan, Davis, William, Devos, Thierry, Dopko, Raelyne, Grahe, Jon, German, Komi, Hicks, Joshua, Hermann, Anthony, Humphrey, Brandon, Johnson, David, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer, Juzeler, Hannah, Klein, Richard, Lucas, Richard, Lustgraaf, Christopher, Menon, Madhavi, Metzger, Mitchell, Moloney, Jaclyn, Morse, Patrick, Nelson, Anthony, Prislin, Radmila, Razza, Timothy, Re, Daniel, Rule, Nicholas, Sacco, Donald, Sauerberger, Kyle, Shultz, Megan, Smith, Jessi, Sobocko, Karin, Steiner, Troy, Sternglanz, R. Weylin, Tskhay, Konstantin, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, van Allen, Zack, Walker, Ryan, Wilson, John, Wirth, James, Wortman, Jessica, Zelenski, John, and Nosek, Brian

Subjects
replication, participant pools, semester effects, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, social psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

Many Labs 3 is a crowdsourced project that will systematically evaluate time-of-semester effects across many participant pools. The project team will create a single experimental protocol assessing 10 known effects within 30 minutes. As many labs as can join will administer the same protocol across the academic semester. The aggregate data will provide high-powered evidence whether time-of-semester moderates the detectability of effects. Effects will be selected based on the lay theories of what is likely to be influenced by time of semester.

Published
2022
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19. Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Sample and Setting

Author

Salomon , Erika, Smith-Castro , Vanessa, Chang , Jen-Ho, Collisson , Brian, Malingumu , Winfrida, Karick , Haruna, Cambier , Fanny, Eller , Anja, Coleman , Jennifer, Kovacs , Carrie, Williams , Lisa, Pinter , Brad, Vranka , Marek, Packard , Grant, Zelenski , John, Sundfelt , Oskar, Hall , Michael, Thomae , Manuela, Schmidt , Kathleen, Haigh , Matthew, Finck , Carolyn, Galliani , Elisa, Steiner , Troy, Bernstein , Michael, Ebersole , Charles, Tybur , Joshua, Dunham , Yarrow, Stouten , Jeroen, Coen , Sharon, Smith , Michael, Gnambs , Timo, Hicks , Joshua, Giessner , Steffen, Osowiecka , Malgorzata, Devos , Thierry, Mallett , Robyn, English , Alexander, Nelson , Anthony, Cheong , Winnee, Petrovic , Boban, Ujhelyi , Adrienn, Gonzalez , Roberto, Berkics , Mihaly, Graham , Jesse, Nichols , Austin, Dozo , Nerisa, Tang , Andrew, Szumowska , Ewa, Skorinko , Jeanine, Rosa , Anna, Haines , Elizabeth, Myachykov , Andriy, Carmichael , Cheryl, Maitner , Angela, Vega , Diego, Van Der Hulst , Marije, Oikawa , Masanori, Ghoshal , Tanuka, Frankowska , Natalia, Saavedra , Patricio, Keller , Victor, Torres-Fernández , David, Huntsinger , Jeffrey, Sirlopu , David, ODonnell , Susan, Bialobrzeska , Olga, Levitan , Carmel, Berry , Daniel, Spachtholz , Philipp, Curran , Paul, Traczyk , Jakub, Kurapov , German, Kurtz , Jaime, Lakens , Daniel, Sacco , Airi, Corker , Katherine, Durrheim , Kevin, Chandler , Jesse, Cai , Huajian, Jimenez-Leal , William, Easterbrook , Matthew, Maassen , Esther, Saeri , Alexander, Brandt , Mark, Cantarero , Katarzyna, Hai , Kakul, Heffernan , Marie, Kende , Anna, Doğulu , Canay, Karabati , Serdar, Freyre , Miguel-Ángel, Voermans, Ingrid, Huynh , Ho, Busching , Robert, Nosek , Brian, Woodzicka , Julie, John , Melissa-Sue, Orosz , Gabor, Coen, Sharon, Van T Veer , Anna, Joy-Gaba , Jennifer, Dukes , Kristin, Marotta , Satia, Welch , Cheryl, Tear , Morgan, Lazarevic , Ljiljana, Kamiloglu , Roza, Van Assen , Marcel, Međedović , Janko, Podesta , Lysandra, Pollmann , Monique, Schönbrodt , Felix, Theriault , Jordan, De Bruijn , Maaike, Sekerdej , Maciek, Ms Ms, Alexandra, Pr. Pr., Nicolas, Grahe , Jon, Neto , Felix, Conway , Morgan, Klein , Richard, Mcintyre , Jason, Murphy , Sean, Adams Jr., Reginald, Kappes , Heather, Cushman , Fiery, Street , Chris, Wichman , Aaron, Lewis Jr., Neil, Babalola , Mayowa, Alper , Sinan, Hasselman , Fred, Aveyard , Mark, Saavedra, Patricio, Babalola, Mayowa, Torres-Fernández, David, Vianello , Michelangelo, Adams , Byron, Barlow , Fiona, Axt , Jordan, Bahník , Štěpán, Young , Liane, Sowden, Walter, Knezevic , Goran, Verschoor , Mark, Tanzer , Norbert, Edlund , John, De Vries, Marieke, Vaughn , Leigh, Morris , Wendy, Lins , Samuel, Rutchick , Abraham, Krueger , Lacy, Ijzerman , Hans, Green , Eva, Davis , William, Inbar , Yoel, Sobkow , Agata, Cicero , David, Bocian , Konrad, Houdek , Petr, Chatard , Armand, Gomez , Angel, Innes-Ker , Åse, Dalgar , Ilker, Echeverría , Alejandro, Milfont , Taciano, Cemalcilar , Zeynep, Wronska , Marta, Gill , Tripat, Verniers , Catherine, Pilati , Ronaldo, Friedman , Mike, Grahek , Ivan, Chen , Eva, Neijenhuijs , Koen, Pérez , Rolando, Kappes , Andreas, and Coen, S

Subjects
manylabs, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences, replication, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Cognitive Psychology, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Personality and Social Contexts, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Quantitative Psychology, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods, psychology, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology, WEIRD, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Cognitive Psychology
Abstract

We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance to examine variation in effect magnitudes across sample and setting. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples and 15,305 total participants from 36 countries and territories. Using conventional statistical significance (p < .05), fifteen (54%) of the replications provided evidence in the same direction and statistically significant as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion (p < .0001), fourteen (50%) provide such evidence reflecting the extremely high powered design. Seven (25%) of the replications had effect sizes larger than the original finding and 21 (75%) had effect sizes smaller than the original finding. The median comparable Cohen’s d effect sizes for original findings was 0.60 and for replications was 0.15. Sixteen replications (57%) had small effect sizes (< .20) and 9 (32%) were in the opposite direction from the original finding. Across settings, 11 (39%) showed significant heterogeneity using the Q statistic and most of those were among the findings eliciting the largest overall effect sizes; only one effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity. Only one effect showed a Tau > 0.20 indicating moderate heterogeneity. Nine others had a Tau near or slightly above 0.10 indicating slight heterogeneity. In moderation tests, very little heterogeneity was attributable to task order, administration in lab versus online, and exploratory WEIRD versus less WEIRD culture comparisons. Cumulatively, variability in observed effect sizes was more attributable to the effect being studied than the sample or setting in which it was studied.\ud \ud Data, materials and code available at: https://osf.io/8cd4r/

Published
2022
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21. Les progrès dans la réalisation de la classification quantitative de la psychopathologie

Author

Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew, Slade, Tim, South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew, Slade, Tim, South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Abstract

Shortcomings of approaches to classifying psychopathology based on expert consensus have given rise to contemporary efforts to classify psychopathology quantitatively. In this paper, we review progress in achieving a quantitative and empirical classification of psychopathology. A substantial empirical literature indicates that psychopathology is generally more dimensional than categorical. When the discreteness versus continuity of psychopathology is treated as a research question, as opposed to being decided as a matter of tradition, the evidence clearly supports the hypothesis of continuity. In addition, a related body of literature shows how psychopathology dimensions can be arranged in a hierarchy, ranging from very broad “spectrum level” dimensions, to specific and narrow clusters of symptoms. In this way, a quantitative approach solves the “problem of comorbidity” by explicitly modeling patterns of co-occurrence among signs and symptoms within a detailed and variegated hierarchy of dimensional concepts with direct clinical utility. Indeed, extensive evidence pertaining to the dimensional and hierarchical structure of psychopathology has led to the formation of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) Consortium. This is a group of 70 investigators working together to study empirical classification of psychopathology. In this paper, we describe the aims and current foci of the HiTOP Consortium. These aims pertain to continued research on the empirical organization of psychopathology; the connection between personality and psychopathology; the utility of empirically based psychopathology constructs in both research and the clinic; and the development of novel and comprehensive models and corresponding assessment instruments for psychopathology constructs derived from an empirical approach.

Published
2021

22. Integrating psychotherapy with the hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP).

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Bagby, Robert Michael, Gralnick, Tara, Ro, Eunyoe, Ruggero, Camilo, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie, Kotov, Roman, Bach, Bo, Cicero, David C., Krueger, Robert F., Patrick, Christopher J., Chmielewski, Michael, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Forbush, Kelsie T., Ivanova, Masha Y., Latzman, Robert D., Pincus, Aaron L., Samuel, Douglas B., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J, Bagby, Robert Michael, Gralnick, Tara, Ro, Eunyoe, Ruggero, Camilo, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie, Kotov, Roman, Bach, Bo, Cicero, David C., Krueger, Robert F., Patrick, Christopher J., Chmielewski, Michael, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Forbush, Kelsie T., Ivanova, Masha Y., Latzman, Robert D., Pincus, Aaron L., Samuel, Douglas B., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Abstract

In this article, we present the hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP), an evidence-based alternative to the categorical approach to diagnostic classification that has considerable promise for integrative psychotherapy research and practice. We first review issues associated with the categorical approach that may have constrained advances in psychotherapy. We next describe how the HiTOP model addresses some of these issues. We then offer suggestions regarding potentially mutual benefits of integrating HiTOP with treatment principles from the common factors literature as well as the cognitive-behavioral and relational psychotherapy traditions. We conclude by enumerating principles for psychotherapy research and practice based on the HiTOP model, which are illustrated with a case example.

Published
2020

23. Commentary on 'The Challenge of Transforming the Diagnostic System of Personality Disorders'

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J., Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael P., Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J., Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael P., Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2020

25. A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Can Transform Mental Health Research

Author

Conway, Christopher C., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Fried, Eiko I., Hallquist, Michael N., Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A., Zald, David H., Afzali, Mohammad H., Bornovalova, Marina A., Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R., Jonas, Katherine G., Krueger, Robert F., Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L., Tackett, Jennifer L., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Latzman, Robert D., Patrick, Christopher J., Ruggero, Camilo J., Samuel, Douglas B., Watson, David, Eaton, Nicholas R., Conway, Christopher C., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Fried, Eiko I., Hallquist, Michael N., Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A., Zald, David H., Afzali, Mohammad H., Bornovalova, Marina A., Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R., Jonas, Katherine G., Krueger, Robert F., Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L., Tackett, Jennifer L., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Latzman, Robert D., Patrick, Christopher J., Ruggero, Camilo J., Samuel, Douglas B., Watson, David, and Eaton, Nicholas R.

Abstract

For more than a century, research on psychopathology has focused on categorical diagnoses. Although this work has produced major discoveries, growing evidence points to the superiority of a dimensional approach to the science of mental illness. Here we outline one such dimensional system—the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)—that is based on empirical patterns of co-occurrence among psychological symptoms. We highlight key ways in which this framework can advance mental-health research, and we provide some heuristics for using HiTOP to test theories of psychopathology. We then review emerging evidence that supports the value of a hierarchical, dimensional model of mental illness across diverse research areas in psychological science. These new data suggest that the HiTOP system has the potential to accelerate and improve research on mental-health problems as well as efforts to more effectively assess, prevent, and treat mental illness.

Published
2019

26. Criterion A of the AMPD in HiTOP

Author

Widiger, Thomas A., Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, Clark, Lee Anna, DeYoung, Colin, Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, South, Susan Carol, Tackett, Jennifer L., Watson, David, Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zimmermann, Johannes, Bagby, Robert Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher C., De Clercq, Barbara, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Forbush, Kelsie T., Haltigan, J. D., Ivanova, Masha Y., Latzman, Robert D., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Thomas, Katherine M., Widiger, Thomas A., Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, Clark, Lee Anna, DeYoung, Colin, Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, South, Susan Carol, Tackett, Jennifer L., Watson, David, Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zimmermann, Johannes, Bagby, Robert Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher C., De Clercq, Barbara, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Forbush, Kelsie T., Haltigan, J. D., Ivanova, Masha Y., Latzman, Robert D., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Reininghaus, Ulrich, and Thomas, Katherine M.

Abstract

© 2018 Taylor & Francis The categorical model of personality disorder classification in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. [DSM–5]; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) is highly and fundamentally problematic. Proposed for DSM–5 and provided within Section III (for Emerging Measures and Models) was the Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD) classification, consisting of Criterion A (self-interpersonal deficits) and Criterion B (maladaptive personality traits). A proposed alternative to the DSM–5 more generally is an empirically based dimensional organization of psychopathology identified as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP; Kotov et al., 2017). HiTOP currently includes, at the highest level, a general factor of psychopathology. Further down are the five domains of detachment, antagonistic externalizing, disinhibited externalizing, thought disorder, and internalizing (along with a provisional sixth somatoform dimension) that align with Criterion B. The purpose of this article is to discuss the potential inclusion and placement of the self-interpersonal deficits of the DSM–5 Section III Criterion A within HiTOP.

Published
2019

27. Integrating the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) into clinical practice.

Author

Ruggero, Camilo J., Kotov, Roman, Hopwood, Christopher J, First, Michael B., Clark, Lee Anna, Skodol, Andrew E., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Patrick, Christopher J., Bach, Bo, Cicero, David C., Docherty, Anna, Simms, Leonard J., Bagby, Robert Michael, Krueger, Robert F., Callahan, Jennifer L., Chmielewski, Michael, Conway, Christopher C., De Clercq, Barbara, Dornbach-Bender, Allison, Eaton, Nicholas R., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Haltigan, John D., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Patalay, Praveetha, Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Shackman, Alexander J., Waszczuk, Monika A., Watson, David, Wright, Aidan G. C., Zimmermann, Johannes, Ruggero, Camilo J., Kotov, Roman, Hopwood, Christopher J, First, Michael B., Clark, Lee Anna, Skodol, Andrew E., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Patrick, Christopher J., Bach, Bo, Cicero, David C., Docherty, Anna, Simms, Leonard J., Bagby, Robert Michael, Krueger, Robert F., Callahan, Jennifer L., Chmielewski, Michael, Conway, Christopher C., De Clercq, Barbara, Dornbach-Bender, Allison, Eaton, Nicholas R., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Haltigan, John D., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Patalay, Praveetha, Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Shackman, Alexander J., Waszczuk, Monika A., Watson, David, Wright, Aidan G. C., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Abstract

Diagnosis is a cornerstone of clinical practice for mental health care providers, yet traditional diagnostic systems have well-known shortcomings, including inadequate reliability in daily practice, high co-morbidity, and marked within-diagnosis heterogeneity. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a data-driven, hierarchically based alternative to traditional classifications that conceptualizes psychopathology as a set of dimensions organized into increasingly broad, transdiagnostic spectra. Prior work has shown that using a dimension-based approach improves reliability and validity, but translating a model like HiTOP into a workable system that is useful for health care providers remains a major challenge. To this end, the present work outlines the HiTOP model and describes the core principles to guide its integration into clinical practice. We review potential advantages and limitations for clinical utility, including case conceptualization and treatment planning. We illustrate what a HiTOP approach might look like in practice relative to traditional nosology. Finally, we discuss common barriers to using HiTOP in real-world healthcare settings and how they can be addressed.

Published
2019

28. Uma proposta de ensino de eletrostática no ensino médio auxiliado por ferramentas computacionais

Author

Melo, Cicero David Pereira de, Lima, Alexsandro Pereira, Nunes, Luciana Angélica da Silva, Gurgel, Gustavo de Oliveira, and Costa, Jefferson Soares da

Subjects
Eletrostática, Fields, Electrostatics, Loads, Cargas, Campos, TDIC, DICT, CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA [CNPQ]
Abstract

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Uma forte tendência demonstrada nos estudos do tema em questão é o uso das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDICs), como ferramentas de apoio ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O presente trabalho visa analisar a potencialidade da utilização de ferramentas computacionais (simulações e ferramentas de construção de gráficos) no ensino de eletrostática. Para tanto, o produto educacional foi construído visando sequências didáticas, fundamentadas na teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa de David Ausubel, a partir da simulação Cargas e Campos do PhET da Universidade do Colorado. Também foi elaborado, como parte do Produto, o material de apoio ao professor de Física, visando a repetição das atividades desenvolvidas nesta pesquisa ou a elaboração de novas atividades. O Produto foi aplicado na E.E.M. Governador Adauto Bezerra de Iguatu-CE, com alunos do ensino médio. Os resultados de aprendizagem, obtidos através da análise do pré-teste e pós-teste, sugerem eficácia do Produto Educacional. Isto pode levar a conclusão de que o uso das TDICs, alinhado com a utilização de Mapas Conceituais no ensino de Eletrostática, demontram considerável potencialidade A strong tendency demonstrated in the studies of the subject in question is the use of the digital technologies of information and communication (TDICs) as tools of support in the process of teaching and learning. The present work aims to analyze the potential of the use of computational tools (simulations and graphing tools) in the teaching of electrostatics. For this, the educational product was constructed aiming at didactic sequences, based on the theory of Significant Learning of David Ausubel, from the PhET Loads and Fields simulation of the University of Colorado. Also, as part of the Product, the material to support the Physics teacher was developed, aiming at the repetition of the activities developed in this research or the elaboration of new activities. The product was applied in E.E.M. Governor Adauto Bezerra de Iguatu-CE, with high school students. The learning outcomes obtained through the pre-test and post-test analysis suggest the effectiveness of the Educational Product, which may lead to the conclusion that the use of TDICs in line with the use of Conceptual Maps in the teaching of Electrostatics demonstrates considerable potentiality

Published
2018

30. Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): III. Emotional dysfunction superspectrum

Author

Watson, David, Levin‐Aspenson, Holly F., Waszczuk, Monika A., Conway, Christopher C., Dalgleish, Tim, Dretsch, Michael N., Eaton, Nicholas R., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hobbs, Kelsey A., Michelini, Giorgia, Nelson, Brady D., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Waldman, Irwin, Witthöft, Michael, Wright, Aidan G.C., Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Afzali, Kamran, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Carragher, Natacha, Cicero, David C., Dick, Danielle M., Docherty, Anna R., First, Michael B., Fried, Eiko I., Hallquist, Michael N., Jonas, Katherine, Keyes, Katherine M., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Morey, Les C., Mullins‐Sweatt, Stephanie N., Naragon‐Gainey, Kristin, Olino, Thomas M., Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rodriguez‐Seijas, Craig, Rutter, Lauren A., Salum, Giovanni A., Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., Slade, Tim, Tabb, Kathryn, Tackett, Jennifer L., Watts, Ashley L., Uliaszek, Amanda A., Widiger, Thomas A., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, and Zinbarg, Richard E.

Abstract

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a quantitative nosological system that addresses shortcomings of traditional mental disorder diagnoses, including arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, frequent disorder co‐occurrence, substantial heterogeneity within disorders, and diagnostic unreliability over time and across clinicians. This paper reviews evidence on the validity and utility of the internalizing and somatoform spectra of HiTOP, which together provide support for an emotional dysfunction superspectrum. These spectra are composed of homogeneous symptom and maladaptive trait dimensions currently subsumed within multiple diagnostic classes, including depressive, anxiety, trauma‐related, eating, bipolar, and somatic symptom disorders, as well as sexual dysfunction and aspects of personality disorders. Dimensions falling within the emotional dysfunction superspectrum are broadly linked to individual differences in negative affect/neuroticism. Extensive evidence establishes that dimensions falling within the superspectrum share genetic diatheses, environmental risk factors, cognitive and affective difficulties, neural substrates and biomarkers, childhood temperamental antecedents, and treatment response. The structure of these validators mirrors the quantitative structure of the superspectrum, with some correlates more specific to internalizing or somatoform conditions, and others common to both, thereby underlining the hierarchical structure of the domain. Compared to traditional diagnoses, the internalizing and somatoform spectra demonstrated substantially improved utility: greater reliability, larger explanatory and predictive power, and greater clinical applicability. Validated measures are currently available to implement the HiTOP system in practice, which can make diagnostic classification more useful, both in research and in the clinic.

Published
2022
Full Text
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31. Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Samples and Settings

Author

Klein, Richard A., Vianello, Michelangelo, Hasselman, Fred, Adams, Byron G., Adams, Reginald B., Alper, Sinan, Aveyard, Mark, Axt, Jordan R., Babalola, Mayowa T., Bahník, Štěpán, Batra, Rishtee, Berkics, Mihály, Bernstein, Michael J., Berry, Daniel R., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Binan, Evans Dami, Bocian, Konrad, Brandt, Mark J., Busching, Robert, Rédei, Anna Cabak, Cai, Huajian, Cambier, Fanny, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Carmichael, Cheryl L., Ceric, Francisco, Chandler, Jesse, Chang, Jen-Ho, Chatard, Armand, Chen, Eva E., Cheong, Winnee, Cicero, David C., Coen, Sharon, Coleman, Jennifer A., Collisson, Brian, Conway, Morgan A., Corker, Katherine S., Curran, Paul G., Cushman, Fiery, Dagona, Zubairu K., Dalgar, Ilker, Dalla Rosa, Anna, Davis, William E., de Bruijn, Maaike, De Schutter, Leander, Devos, Thierry, de Vries, Marieke, Doğulu, Canay, Dozo, Nerisa, Dukes, Kristin Nicole, Dunham, Yarrow, Durrheim, Kevin, Ebersole, Charles R., Edlund, John E., Eller, Anja, English, Alexander Scott, Finck, Carolyn, Frankowska, Natalia, Freyre, Miguel-ángel, Friedman, Mike, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gandi, Joshua C., Ghoshal, Tanuka, Giessner, Steffen R., Gill, Tripat, Gnambs, Timo, Gómez, Ángel, González, Roberto, Graham, Jesse, Grahe, Jon E., Grahek, Ivan, Green, Eva G.T., Hai, Kakul, Haigh, Matthew, Haines, Elizabeth L., Hall, Michael P., Heffernan, Marie E., Hicks, Joshua A., Houdek, Petr, Huntsinger, Jeffrey R., Huynh, Ho Phi, Ijzerman, Hans, Inbar, Yoel, Innes-ker, Åse H., Jiménez-leal, William, John, Melissa-sue, Joy-gaba, Jennifer A., Kamiloğlu, Roza G., Kappes, Heather Barry, Karabati, Serdar, Karick, Haruna, Keller, Victor N., Kende, Anna, Kervyn, Nicolas, Knežević, Goran, Kovacs, Carrie, Krueger, Lacy E., Kurapov, German, Kurtz, Jamie, Lakens, Daniël, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Neil A., Lins, Samuel, Lipsey, Nikolette P., Losee, Joy E., Maassen, Esther, Maitner, Angela T., Malingumu, Winfrida, Mallett, Robyn K., Marotta, Satia A., Međedović, Janko, Mena-pacheco, Fernando, Milfont, Taciano L., Morris, Wendy L., Murphy, Sean C., Myachykov, Andriy, Neave, Nick, Neijenhuijs, Koen, Nelson, Anthony J., Neto, Félix, Lee Nichols, Austin, Ocampo, Aaron, O’donnell, Susan L., Oikawa, Haruka, Oikawa, Masanori, Ong, Elsie, Orosz, Gábor, Osowiecka, Malgorzata, Packard, Grant, Pérez-sánchez, Rolando, Petrović, Boban, Pilati, Ronaldo, Pinter, Brad, Podesta, Lysandra, Pogge, Gabrielle, Pollmann, Monique M. H., Rutchick, Abraham M., Saavedra, Patricio, Saeri, Alexander K., Salomon, Erika, Schmidt, Kathleen, Schönbrodt, Felix D., Sekerdej, Maciej B., Sirlopú, David, Skorinko, Jeanine L. M., Smith, Michael A., Smith-castro, Vanessa, Smolders, Karin C.H.J., Sobkow, Agata, Sowden, Walter, Spachtholz, Philipp, Srivastava, Manini, Steiner, Troy G., Stouten, Jeroen, Street, Chris N.H., Sundfelt, Oskar K., Szeto, Stephanie, Szumowska, Ewa, Tang, Andrew C.W., Tanzer, Norbert, Tear, Morgan J., Theriault, Jordan, Thomae, Manuela, Torres, David, Traczyk, Jakub, Tybur, Joshua M., Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Van Aert, Robbie C. M., Van Assen, Marcel A. L. M., Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Lange, Paul A. M., Van ’t Veer, Anna Elisabeth, Vásquez- Echeverría, Alejandro, Ann Vaughn, Leigh, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Luis Diego, Verniers, Catherine, Verschoor, Mark, Voermans, Ingrid P. J., Vranka, Marek A., Welch, Cheryl, Wichman, Aaron L., Williams, Lisa A., Wood, Michael, Woodzicka, Julie A., Wronska, Marta K., Young, Liane, Zelenski, John M., Zhijia, Zeng, Nosek, Brian A., Klein, Richard A., Vianello, Michelangelo, Hasselman, Fred, Adams, Byron G., Adams, Reginald B., Alper, Sinan, Aveyard, Mark, Axt, Jordan R., Babalola, Mayowa T., Bahník, Štěpán, Batra, Rishtee, Berkics, Mihály, Bernstein, Michael J., Berry, Daniel R., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Binan, Evans Dami, Bocian, Konrad, Brandt, Mark J., Busching, Robert, Rédei, Anna Cabak, Cai, Huajian, Cambier, Fanny, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Carmichael, Cheryl L., Ceric, Francisco, Chandler, Jesse, Chang, Jen-Ho, Chatard, Armand, Chen, Eva E., Cheong, Winnee, Cicero, David C., Coen, Sharon, Coleman, Jennifer A., Collisson, Brian, Conway, Morgan A., Corker, Katherine S., Curran, Paul G., Cushman, Fiery, Dagona, Zubairu K., Dalgar, Ilker, Dalla Rosa, Anna, Davis, William E., de Bruijn, Maaike, De Schutter, Leander, Devos, Thierry, de Vries, Marieke, Doğulu, Canay, Dozo, Nerisa, Dukes, Kristin Nicole, Dunham, Yarrow, Durrheim, Kevin, Ebersole, Charles R., Edlund, John E., Eller, Anja, English, Alexander Scott, Finck, Carolyn, Frankowska, Natalia, Freyre, Miguel-ángel, Friedman, Mike, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gandi, Joshua C., Ghoshal, Tanuka, Giessner, Steffen R., Gill, Tripat, Gnambs, Timo, Gómez, Ángel, González, Roberto, Graham, Jesse, Grahe, Jon E., Grahek, Ivan, Green, Eva G.T., Hai, Kakul, Haigh, Matthew, Haines, Elizabeth L., Hall, Michael P., Heffernan, Marie E., Hicks, Joshua A., Houdek, Petr, Huntsinger, Jeffrey R., Huynh, Ho Phi, Ijzerman, Hans, Inbar, Yoel, Innes-ker, Åse H., Jiménez-leal, William, John, Melissa-sue, Joy-gaba, Jennifer A., Kamiloğlu, Roza G., Kappes, Heather Barry, Karabati, Serdar, Karick, Haruna, Keller, Victor N., Kende, Anna, Kervyn, Nicolas, Knežević, Goran, Kovacs, Carrie, Krueger, Lacy E., Kurapov, German, Kurtz, Jamie, Lakens, Daniël, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Neil A., Lins, Samuel, Lipsey, Nikolette P., Losee, Joy E., Maassen, Esther, Maitner, Angela T., Malingumu, Winfrida, Mallett, Robyn K., Marotta, Satia A., Međedović, Janko, Mena-pacheco, Fernando, Milfont, Taciano L., Morris, Wendy L., Murphy, Sean C., Myachykov, Andriy, Neave, Nick, Neijenhuijs, Koen, Nelson, Anthony J., Neto, Félix, Lee Nichols, Austin, Ocampo, Aaron, O’donnell, Susan L., Oikawa, Haruka, Oikawa, Masanori, Ong, Elsie, Orosz, Gábor, Osowiecka, Malgorzata, Packard, Grant, Pérez-sánchez, Rolando, Petrović, Boban, Pilati, Ronaldo, Pinter, Brad, Podesta, Lysandra, Pogge, Gabrielle, Pollmann, Monique M. H., Rutchick, Abraham M., Saavedra, Patricio, Saeri, Alexander K., Salomon, Erika, Schmidt, Kathleen, Schönbrodt, Felix D., Sekerdej, Maciej B., Sirlopú, David, Skorinko, Jeanine L. M., Smith, Michael A., Smith-castro, Vanessa, Smolders, Karin C.H.J., Sobkow, Agata, Sowden, Walter, Spachtholz, Philipp, Srivastava, Manini, Steiner, Troy G., Stouten, Jeroen, Street, Chris N.H., Sundfelt, Oskar K., Szeto, Stephanie, Szumowska, Ewa, Tang, Andrew C.W., Tanzer, Norbert, Tear, Morgan J., Theriault, Jordan, Thomae, Manuela, Torres, David, Traczyk, Jakub, Tybur, Joshua M., Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Van Aert, Robbie C. M., Van Assen, Marcel A. L. M., Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Lange, Paul A. M., Van ’t Veer, Anna Elisabeth, Vásquez- Echeverría, Alejandro, Ann Vaughn, Leigh, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Luis Diego, Verniers, Catherine, Verschoor, Mark, Voermans, Ingrid P. J., Vranka, Marek A., Welch, Cheryl, Wichman, Aaron L., Williams, Lisa A., Wood, Michael, Woodzicka, Julie A., Wronska, Marta K., Young, Liane, Zelenski, John M., Zhijia, Zeng, and Nosek, Brian A.

Abstract

We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings, with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance, to examine variation in effect magnitudes across samples and settings. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples that comprised 15,305 participants from 36 countries and territories. Using the conventional criterion of statistical significance (p < .05), we found that 15 (54%) of the replications provided evidence of a statistically significant effect in the same direction as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion (p < .0001), 14 (50%) of the replications still provided such evidence, a reflection of the extremely high-powered design. Seven (25%) of the replications yielded effect sizes larger than the original ones, and 21 (75%) yielded effect sizes smaller than the original ones. The median comparable Cohen’s ds were 0.60 for the original findings and 0.15 for the replications. The effect sizes were small (< 0.20) in 16 of the replications (57%), and 9 effects (32%) were in the direction opposite the direction of the original effect. Across settings, the Q statistic indicated significant heterogeneity in 11 (39%) of the replication effects, and most of those were among the findings with the largest overall effect sizes; only 1 effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity according to this measure. Only 1 effect had a tau value greater than .20, an indication of moderate heterogeneity. Eight others had tau values near or slightly above .10, an indication of slight heterogeneity. Moderation tests indicated that very little heterogeneity was attributable to the order in which the tasks were performed or whether the tasks were administered in lab versus online. Exploratory comparisons revealed little heterogeneity between Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) cultures and less WEIRD cultures (i.e., cultures with relati

Published
2018

32. The time has come for dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J., Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R., Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael Pascal, Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W., Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Hans Ormel, J., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J., Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R., Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael Pascal, Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W., Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Hans Ormel, J., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2018

33. Enhancing Psychosis-Spectrum Nosology Through an International Data Sharing Initiative

Author

Hersenen-Medisch 1, Brain, Onderzoek, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, Cohen, Alex S, Hersenen-Medisch 1, Brain, Onderzoek, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, and Cohen, Alex S

Published
2018

34. Many labs 2:Investigating variation in replicability across samples and settings

Author

Klein, Richard A., Vianello, Michelangelo, Hasselman, Fred, Adams, Byron G., Adams, Reginald B., Alper, Sinan, Aveyard, Mark, Axt, Jordan R., Babalola, Mayowa T., Bahník, Štěpán, Batra, Rishtee, Berkics, Mihály, Bernstein, Michael J., Berry, Daniel R., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Binan, Evans Dami, Bocian, Konrad, Brandt, Mark J., Busching, Robert, Rédei, Anna Cabak, Cai, Huajian, Cambier, Fanny, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Carmichael, Cheryl L., Ceric, Francisco, Chandler, Jesse, Chang, Jen Ho, Chatard, Armand, Chen, Eva E., Cheong, Winnee, Cicero, David C., Coen, Sharon, Coleman, Jennifer A., Collisson, Brian, Conway, Morgan A., Corker, Katherine S., Curran, Paul G., Cushman, Fiery, Dagona, Zubairu K., Dalgar, Ilker, Dalla Rosa, Anna, Davis, William E., de Bruijn, Maaike, De Schutter, Leander, Devos, Thierry, de Vries, Marieke, Doğulu, Canay, Dozo, Nerisa, Dukes, Kristin Nicole, Dunham, Yarrow, Durrheim, Kevin, Ebersole, Charles R., Edlund, John E., Eller, Anja, English, Alexander Scott, Finck, Carolyn, Frankowska, Natalia, Freyre, Miguel Ángel, Friedman, Mike, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gandi, Joshua C., Ghoshal, Tanuka, Giessner, Steffen R., Gill, Tripat, Gnambs, Timo, Gómez, Ángel, González, Roberto, Graham, Jesse, Grahe, Jon E., Grahek, Ivan, Green, Eva G.T., Hai, Kakul, Haigh, Matthew, Haines, Elizabeth L., Hall, Michael P., Heffernan, Marie E., Hicks, Joshua A., Houdek, Petr, Huntsinger, Jeffrey R., Huynh, Ho Phi, Ijzerman, Hans, Inbar, Yoel, Innes-Ker, Åse H., Jiménez-Leal, William, John, Melissa Sue, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kamiloğlu, Roza G., Kappes, Heather Barry, Karabati, Serdar, Karick, Haruna, Keller, Victor N., Kende, Anna, Kervyn, Nicolas, Knežević, Goran, Kovacs, Carrie, Krueger, Lacy E., Kurapov, German, Kurtz, Jamie, Lakens, Daniël, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Neil A., Lins, Samuel, Lipsey, Nikolette P., Losee, Joy E., Maassen, Esther, Maitner, Angela T., Malingumu, Winfrida, Mallett, Robyn K., Marotta, Satia A., Međedović, Janko, Mena-Pacheco, Fernando, Milfont, Taciano L., Morris, Wendy L., Murphy, Sean C., Myachykov, Andriy, Neave, Nick, Neijenhuijs, Koen, Nelson, Anthony J., Neto, Félix, Nichols, Austin Lee, Ocampo, Aaron, O’donnell, Susan L., Oikawa, Haruka, Oikawa, Masanori, Ong, Elsie, Orosz, Gábor, Osowiecka, Malgorzata, Packard, Grant, Pérez-Sánchez, Rolando, Petrović, Boban, Pilati, Ronaldo, Pinter, Brad, Podesta, Lysandra, Pogge, Gabrielle, Pollmann, Monique M.H., Rutchick, Abraham M., Saavedra, Patricio, Saeri, Alexander K., Salomon, Erika, Schmidt, Kathleen, Schönbrodt, Felix D., Sekerdej, Maciej B., Sirlopú, David, Skorinko, Jeanine L.M., Smith, Michael A., Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Smolders, Karin C.H.J., Sobkow, Agata, Sowden, Walter, Spachtholz, Philipp, Srivastava, Manini, Steiner, Troy G., Stouten, Jeroen, Street, Chris N.H., Sundfelt, Oskar K., Szeto, Stephanie, Szumowska, Ewa, Tang, Andrew C.W., Tanzer, Norbert, Tear, Morgan J., Theriault, Jordan, Thomae, Manuela, Torres, David, Traczyk, Jakub, Tybur, Joshua M., Ujhelyi, Adrienn, van Aert, Robbie C.M., van Assen, Marcel A.L.M., van der Hulst, Marije, van Lange, Paul A.M., van ’t Veer, Anna Elisabeth, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Luis Diego, Verniers, Catherine, Verschoor, Mark, Voermans, Ingrid P.J., Vranka, Marek A., Welch, Cheryl, Wichman, Aaron L., Williams, Lisa A., Wood, Michael, Woodzicka, Julie A., Wronska, Marta K., Young, Liane, Zelenski, John M., Zhijia, Zeng, Nosek, Brian A., Klein, Richard A., Vianello, Michelangelo, Hasselman, Fred, Adams, Byron G., Adams, Reginald B., Alper, Sinan, Aveyard, Mark, Axt, Jordan R., Babalola, Mayowa T., Bahník, Štěpán, Batra, Rishtee, Berkics, Mihály, Bernstein, Michael J., Berry, Daniel R., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Binan, Evans Dami, Bocian, Konrad, Brandt, Mark J., Busching, Robert, Rédei, Anna Cabak, Cai, Huajian, Cambier, Fanny, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Carmichael, Cheryl L., Ceric, Francisco, Chandler, Jesse, Chang, Jen Ho, Chatard, Armand, Chen, Eva E., Cheong, Winnee, Cicero, David C., Coen, Sharon, Coleman, Jennifer A., Collisson, Brian, Conway, Morgan A., Corker, Katherine S., Curran, Paul G., Cushman, Fiery, Dagona, Zubairu K., Dalgar, Ilker, Dalla Rosa, Anna, Davis, William E., de Bruijn, Maaike, De Schutter, Leander, Devos, Thierry, de Vries, Marieke, Doğulu, Canay, Dozo, Nerisa, Dukes, Kristin Nicole, Dunham, Yarrow, Durrheim, Kevin, Ebersole, Charles R., Edlund, John E., Eller, Anja, English, Alexander Scott, Finck, Carolyn, Frankowska, Natalia, Freyre, Miguel Ángel, Friedman, Mike, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gandi, Joshua C., Ghoshal, Tanuka, Giessner, Steffen R., Gill, Tripat, Gnambs, Timo, Gómez, Ángel, González, Roberto, Graham, Jesse, Grahe, Jon E., Grahek, Ivan, Green, Eva G.T., Hai, Kakul, Haigh, Matthew, Haines, Elizabeth L., Hall, Michael P., Heffernan, Marie E., Hicks, Joshua A., Houdek, Petr, Huntsinger, Jeffrey R., Huynh, Ho Phi, Ijzerman, Hans, Inbar, Yoel, Innes-Ker, Åse H., Jiménez-Leal, William, John, Melissa Sue, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kamiloğlu, Roza G., Kappes, Heather Barry, Karabati, Serdar, Karick, Haruna, Keller, Victor N., Kende, Anna, Kervyn, Nicolas, Knežević, Goran, Kovacs, Carrie, Krueger, Lacy E., Kurapov, German, Kurtz, Jamie, Lakens, Daniël, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Neil A., Lins, Samuel, Lipsey, Nikolette P., Losee, Joy E., Maassen, Esther, Maitner, Angela T., Malingumu, Winfrida, Mallett, Robyn K., Marotta, Satia A., Međedović, Janko, Mena-Pacheco, Fernando, Milfont, Taciano L., Morris, Wendy L., Murphy, Sean C., Myachykov, Andriy, Neave, Nick, Neijenhuijs, Koen, Nelson, Anthony J., Neto, Félix, Nichols, Austin Lee, Ocampo, Aaron, O’donnell, Susan L., Oikawa, Haruka, Oikawa, Masanori, Ong, Elsie, Orosz, Gábor, Osowiecka, Malgorzata, Packard, Grant, Pérez-Sánchez, Rolando, Petrović, Boban, Pilati, Ronaldo, Pinter, Brad, Podesta, Lysandra, Pogge, Gabrielle, Pollmann, Monique M.H., Rutchick, Abraham M., Saavedra, Patricio, Saeri, Alexander K., Salomon, Erika, Schmidt, Kathleen, Schönbrodt, Felix D., Sekerdej, Maciej B., Sirlopú, David, Skorinko, Jeanine L.M., Smith, Michael A., Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Smolders, Karin C.H.J., Sobkow, Agata, Sowden, Walter, Spachtholz, Philipp, Srivastava, Manini, Steiner, Troy G., Stouten, Jeroen, Street, Chris N.H., Sundfelt, Oskar K., Szeto, Stephanie, Szumowska, Ewa, Tang, Andrew C.W., Tanzer, Norbert, Tear, Morgan J., Theriault, Jordan, Thomae, Manuela, Torres, David, Traczyk, Jakub, Tybur, Joshua M., Ujhelyi, Adrienn, van Aert, Robbie C.M., van Assen, Marcel A.L.M., van der Hulst, Marije, van Lange, Paul A.M., van ’t Veer, Anna Elisabeth, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Luis Diego, Verniers, Catherine, Verschoor, Mark, Voermans, Ingrid P.J., Vranka, Marek A., Welch, Cheryl, Wichman, Aaron L., Williams, Lisa A., Wood, Michael, Woodzicka, Julie A., Wronska, Marta K., Young, Liane, Zelenski, John M., Zhijia, Zeng, and Nosek, Brian A.

Abstract

We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings, with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance, to examine variation in effect magnitudes across samples and settings. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples that comprised 15,305 participants from 36 countries and territories. Using the conventional criterion of statistical significance (p <.05), we found that 15 (54%) of the replications provided evidence of a statistically significant effect in the same direction as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion (p <.0001), 14 (50%) of the replications still provided such evidence, a reflection of the extremely highpowered design. Seven (25%) of the replications yielded effect sizes larger than the original ones, and 21 (75%) yielded effect sizes smaller than the original ones. The median comparable Cohen’s ds were 0.60 for the original findings and 0.15 for the replications. The effect sizes were small (< 0.20) in 16 of the replications (57%), and 9 effects (32%) were in the direction opposite the direction of the original effect. Across settings, the Q statistic indicated significant heterogeneity in 11 (39%) of the replication effects, and most of those were among the findings with the largest overall effect sizes; only 1 effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity according to this measure. Only 1 effect had a tau value greater than.20, an indication of moderate heterogeneity. Eight others had tau values near or slightly above.10, an indication of slight heterogeneity. Moderation tests indicated that very little heterogeneity was attributable to the order in which the tasks were performed or whether the tasks were administered in lab versus online. Exploratory comparisons revealed little heterogeneity between Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) cultures and less WEIRD cultures (i.e., cultures with relative

Published
2018

35. Progress in achieving quantitative classification of psychopathology

Author

Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, Robert Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins‐Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., Slade, Tim, South, Susan Carol, Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, Robert Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins‐Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., Slade, Tim, South, Susan Carol, Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Abstract

Shortcomings ofapproaches to classifying psychopathology based on expert consensus have given rise to contemporary efforts to classify psycho- pathology quantitatively. In this paper, we review progress in achieving a quantitative and empirical classification ofpsychopathology. A substan- tial empirical literature indicates that psychopathology is generally more dimensional than categorical. When the discreteness versus continuityof psychopathology is treated as a research question, as opposed to being decided as a matter oftradition, the evidence clearly supports the hypothesis ofcontinuity. In addition, a related body ofliterature shows how psychopathology dimensions can be arranged in a hierarchy, ranging from very broad “spectrum level” dimensions, to specific and narrow clusters ofsymptoms. In this way, a quantitative approach solves the “problem ofco- morbidity” by explicitly modeling patterns of co-occurrence among signs and symptoms within a detailed and variegated hierarchy ofdimension- al concepts with direct clinical utility. Indeed, extensive evidence pertaining to the dimensional and hierarchical structure ofpsychopathology has led to the formation ofthe Hierarchical Taxonomy ofPsychopathology (HiTOP) Consortium. This is a group of70 investigators working together to study empirical classification ofpsychopathology. In this paper, we describe the aims and current foci ofthe HiTOP Consortium. These aims pertain to continued research on the empirical organization ofpsychopathology; the connection between personality and psychopathology; the utility ofempirically based psychopathology constructs in both research and the clinic; and the development ofnovel and comprehensive models and corresponding assessment instruments for psychopathology constructs derived from an empirical approach.

Published
2018

36. Progress in achieving quantitative classification of psychopathology

Author

Krueger, Robert F., primary, Kotov, Roman, additional, Watson, David, additional, Forbes, Miriam K., additional, Eaton, Nicholas R., additional, Ruggero, Camilo J., additional, Simms, Leonard J., additional, Widiger, Thomas A., additional, Achenbach, Thomas M., additional, Bach, Bo, additional, Bagby, R. Michael, additional, Bornovalova, Marina A., additional, Carpenter, William T., additional, Chmielewski, Michael, additional, Cicero, David C., additional, Clark, Lee Anna, additional, Conway, Christopher, additional, DeClercq, Barbara, additional, DeYoung, Colin G., additional, Docherty, Anna R., additional, Drislane, Laura E., additional, First, Michael B., additional, Forbush, Kelsie T., additional, Hallquist, Michael, additional, Haltigan, John D., additional, Hopwood, Christopher J., additional, Ivanova, Masha Y., additional, Jonas, Katherine G., additional, Latzman, Robert D., additional, Markon, Kristian E., additional, Miller, Joshua D., additional, Morey, Leslie C., additional, Mullins‐Sweatt, Stephanie N., additional, Ormel, Johan, additional, Patalay, Praveetha, additional, Patrick, Christopher J., additional, Pincus, Aaron L., additional, Regier, Darrel A., additional, Reininghaus, Ulrich, additional, Rescorla, Leslie A., additional, Samuel, Douglas B., additional, Sellbom, Martin, additional, Shackman, Alexander J., additional, Skodol, Andrew, additional, Slade, Tim, additional, South, Susan C., additional, Sunderland, Matthew, additional, Tackett, Jennifer L., additional, Venables, Noah C., additional, Waldman, Irwin D., additional, Waszczuk, Monika A., additional, Waugh, Mark H., additional, Wright, Aidan G.C., additional, Zald, David H., additional, and Zimmermann, Johannes, additional

Published
2018
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37. The Network Structure of Schizotypal Personality Traits

Author

Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, primary, Ortuño, Javier, additional, Debbané, Martin, additional, Chan, Raymond C K, additional, Cicero, David, additional, Zhang, Lisa C, additional, Brenner, Colleen, additional, Barkus, Emma, additional, Linscott, Richard J, additional, Kwapil, Thomas, additional, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, additional, Cohen, Alex, additional, Raine, Adrian, additional, Compton, Michael T, additional, Tone, Erin B, additional, Suhr, Julie, additional, Inchausti, Felix, additional, Bobes, Julio, additional, Fumero, Axit, additional, Giakoumaki, Stella, additional, Tsaousis, Ioannis, additional, Preti, Antonio, additional, Chmielewski, Michael, additional, Laloyaux, Julien, additional, Mechri, Anwar, additional, Aymen Lahmar, Mohamed, additional, Wuthrich, Viviana, additional, Larøi, Frank, additional, Badcock, Johanna C, additional, Jablensky, Assen, additional, Isvoranu, Adela M, additional, Epskamp, Sacha, additional, and Fried, Eiko I, additional

Published
2018
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40. ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES IN PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA.

Author

Klaunig, Mallory, du Plessis, Stefan, Kilian, Sanja, Cicero, David, Schiffman, Jason, and Emsley, Robin

Subjects
SCHIZOPHRENIA, ADVERSE childhood experiences
Abstract

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) pose a public health concern worldwide (Anda, Tietjen, Schulman, Felitti, & Croft, 2010). Prevalence rates of ACEs appear to vary widely among countries (Finkelhor, Hotaling, Lewis, & Smith, 1990). ACEs are associated with increased likelihood of developing a mental illness (Green et al., 2010), including schizophrenia (Gibson, Alloy, & Ellman, 2016). Although this is a well-established finding in Western samples, it has only been addressed in a South African sample in one study (Kilian et al., 2017). In the current study, we aimed to examine the association between ACEs and schizophrenia in a South African sample. Methods: Participants included 34 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 33 non-psychiatric control participants. Schizophrenia and control participants did not differ on mean age (t(65) = 1.16, p = .251) or ethnicity (X2 (3, N = 66) = 4.27, p = .234). Schizophrenia participants were recruited as part of a larger research protocol within the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Stellenbosch in Stellenbosch, South Africa. ACEs were assessed using the short form of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ; Bernstein et al., 2003). Results: Separate independent t-tests were used to compare CTQ total and subscale scores between groups. Scores on the CTQ total and all subscales did not differ significantly between schizophrenia participants and controls (ps > .05)). Additional independent t-tests were used to compare CTQ scores in females with schizophrenia against female control subjects and males with schizophrenia against male controls. Females differed significantly between groups on one subscale, Physical Abuse, with female controls experiencing higher levels of physical abuse (t(65) = -2.33, p = .028). Males with schizophrenia scored significantly higher on the Emotional Neglect subscale (t(65) = 2.73, p = .010) and showed higher scores on the Physical Neglect subscale at a trend level of significance (t(65) = 2.03, p = .055). Males with schizophrenia also scored significantly higher on overall Neglect total (t(65) = 2.83, p = .008). Separate independent t-tests were used to compare groups on the number of types of traumas experienced in childhood. Number of types of trauma did not differ significantly between groups (t(64) = .228, p = .820). Discussion: In the current study, we found no differences in the overall number of ACEs in people with schizophrenia as compared to non-psychiatric control participants. As well, we did not find overall differences in ACEs in females and males with schizophrenia. These findings are in contrast to most previous research. This study may highlight limitations in measuring ACEs across cultures using the CTQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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