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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of marital adjustment based on the main family’s health with the mediating role of emotion adjustment difficulty, conflict management, and sexual intimacy in teacher couples. This study was descriptive-correlational in terms of nature, and was applied in terms of objective. The statistical population of the study was all teacher couples of Kermanshah city in academic year 2020-2021, among whom 300 were selected Stepwise random sampling. The research data were collected through Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976), Main Family’s Health Scale )Hovestadt et al., 1985), Emotion Adjustment Difficulty Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (Olson et al., 1986), and data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling method using SPSS-24 and AMOS-24 software. The findings s showed that direct effect of emotion adjustment difficulty and marital adjustment, conflict management and marital adjustment, and sexual intimacy with marital adjustment (p≤0.01). The results of indirect pathways showed that the main family health pathways have a positive effect on marital adjustment through difficulty of emotion regulation, conflict management and sexual intimacy (p≤0.05).

Abstract Background O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine positron emission tomography ([18F]FET PET) scanning is used in routine clinical management and evaluation of gliomas with a recommended 4 h prior fasting. Knowledge of test–retest variation of [18F]FET PET imaging uptake metrics and the impact of accidental protein intake can be critical for interpretation. The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability of [18F]FET-PET metrics and to assess the impact of protein-intake prior to [18F]FET PET scanning of gliomas. Results Test–retest variability in the non-protein group was good with absolute (and relative) upper and lower limits of agreement of + 0.15 and − 0.13 (+ 9.7% and − 9.0%) for mean tumour-to-background ratio (TBRmean), + 0.43 and − 0.28 (+ 19.6% and − 11.8%) for maximal tumour-to-background ratio (TBRmax), and + 2.14 cm3 and − 1.53 ml (+ 219.8% and − 57.3%) for biological tumour volume (BTV). Variation was lower for uptake ratios than for BTV. Protein intake was associated with a 27% increase in the total sum of plasma concentration of the l-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) relevant amino acids and with decreased standardized uptake value (SUV) in both healthy appearing background brain tissue (mean SUV − 25%) and in tumour (maximal SUV − 14%). Oral intake of 24 g of protein 1 h prior to injection of tracer tended to increase variability, but the effects on derived tumour metrics TBRmean and TBRmax were only borderline significant, and changes generally within the variability observed in the group with no protein intake. Conclusion The test–retest repeatability was found to be good, and better for TBRmax and TBRmean than BTV, with the methodological limitation that tumour growth may have influenced results. Oral intake of 24 g of protein one hour before a [18F]FET PET scan decreases uptake of [18F]FET in both tumour and in healthy appearing brain, with no clinically significant difference on the most commonly used tumour metrics.

The Holy Quran is a unique epistemological system, meaning that all its parts and components are interconnected and were revealed in a specific and sequential order. This progressive revelation guides and educates humans in all necessary aspects. Today, any interpretation and research of the Holy Quran following the order of revelation is called the "revelatory method." Given the social changes and human needs in the contemporary era, it is essential to extract Quran-based human sciences, which has faced certain obstacles in the application of methods. The primary issue in this research is exploring innovations in method design through an inquiry into the systematic revelatory method's role and application in extracting Quran-based human sciences. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines Surahs Al-‘Alaq and Al-Baqarah, the first revealed Meccan and Medinan Surahs, respectively. The results indicate that applying the systematic revelatory approach can be considered a novel method in extracting Quran-based human sciences. In this approach, Surah Al-‘Alaq, as the first revealed Surah, offers insights such as new strategies in religious invitation and preaching, stages of religious education, and the Quran’s foundation on knowledge and clarity. Similarly, from Surah Al-Baqarah, as the first Medinan Surah, insights such as unifying the prophetic community, guiding the community’s progress, understanding the nascent religious society, and preventing the activation of social divisions can be extracted.

In this contribution, a simple non-destructive characterization of aging degree of oil-paper insulation materials based on the reflectance is proposed. Samples of cellulose Kraft paper having different thicknesses, were thermally aged in a mineral insulating oil and a synthetic ester with a controlled aging history. The degree of polymerization of the non-aged and aged paper samples was measured according to ASTM D4243 to monitor the cellulose degradation. In addition, the samples were optically analyzed to assess changes in paper’s reflectance. The reflectance spectra of the thermally aged paper samples were statistically analyzed using linear, single variable, and multi-variable analyses by considering eight popular variables. This enables correlating the reflectance to the degree of polymerization and identifying a suitable regression model. Appropriate variable interaction has been performed among which two best-fit models with goodness of fit ≥ 0.9 have been identified. The estimation of the cellulose paper’s DP using the proposed models is reported. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can be used in characterizing aging degree of oil-paper insulation and has the potential to be implemented online as an effective monitoring technique.

Background and Purpose: Sleep problems and aggression are common among healthcare workers due to shift work and constant interaction with patients and their relatives. The present study examined the associations between sleep problems, self-regulation, and interpersonal aggression among healthcare workers. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 healthcare workers were selected from four state-run hospitals in Kermanshah City, Iran, using a multi-stage random sampling between March 2021 and March 2022. The sample size was selected using the N>50+8m standard formula. The participants completed several standard scales, including the Pittsburgh sleep quality index, the Berlin questionnaire, the insomnia severity index, the self-regulation questionnaire, and the Buss-Perry aggression questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation, hierarchical multiple regression techniques, and standardized z scores. Results: The Mean±SD age of the participants was 32.5±8.8 years and 70% were female. All sleep problems, including poor sleep quality, sleep apnea, and insomnia severity, are significantly related to the total score of interpersonal aggression and all its subfactors (P

The rapid development of self-driving vehicles requires integrating a sophisticated sensing system to address the various obstacles posed by road traffic efficiently. While several datasets are available to support object detection in autonomous vehicles, it is crucial to carefully evaluate the suitability of these datasets for different weather conditions across the globe. In response to this requirement, we present a novel dataset named the Canadian Vehicle Datasets (CVD). Subsequently, we present deep learning models that use this dataset. The CVD comprises street-level videos which were recorded by Thales, Canada. These videos were collected with high-quality cameras mounted on a vehicle in the Canadian province of Quebec. The recordings were made during daytime and nighttime, capturing weather conditions such as hazy, snowy, rainy, gloomy, nighttime and sunny days. A total of 10000 images of vehicles and other road assets are extracted from the collected videos. A total of 8388 images were annotated with corresponding generated labels 27766 with their respective 11 different classes. We analyzed the performance of the YOLOv8 model trained using the existing RoboFlow dataset. Then, we compared it with the model trained on the expanded version of RoboFlow using the proposed weather-specific dataset, CVD. Final values of improved accuracy of 73.26 %, 72.84 %, and 73.47 % (Precision/Recall/mAP) were reported upon adding the proposed dataset. Finally, the model trained on this diverse dataset exhibits heightened robustness and proves highly beneficial for both autonomous and conventional vehicle operations, making it applicable not only in Canada but also in other countries with comparable weather conditions.

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the issue of substance abuse is one of the major problems facing most countries in the world. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on mental health, life expectancy, and happiness in patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was performed from February 2021 to January 2022. The study was a clinical trial in which 60 people under MMT in psychology clinics in Kashan (Iran) were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups (30 in each group) using purposeful sampling. Data were collected using the General Health Questionnaire, Schneider Hope Questionnaire, and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire in three stages: baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up. The data were analyzed using a mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: The results showed that CBT is effective in improving mental health (P < 0.001), increasing life expectancy (P < 0.001), and increasing happiness (P < 0.001) in patients receiving MMT. CONCLUSION: Mental health, life expectancy, and happiness are important and influential issues in the lives of patients under MMT, which are promoted with CBT plus MMT. Therefore, in general, it can be concluded that CBT plus MMT has a significant effect on mental health, life expectancy, and happiness.

The use of solar energy has been rapidly expanding as a clean and renewable energy source, with the installation of photovoltaic panels on homes, businesses, and large-scale solar farms. The increasing demand for sustainable energy sources has pushed the growth of the solar industry, as well as advancements in technology, making solar panels more efficient and cost-effective. The implementation of solar energy not only reduces our reliance on non-renewable fossil fuels but also helps to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing carbon emissions. This paper presents a complete and comparative study of solar energy production forecasting in Morocco using six machine learning (ML) algorithms : Support Vector Regression (SVR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Generalized Additive Model (GAM) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBOOST), based on Solar Power Plant daily data installed in Benguerir city of Morocco between January and December 2022. The models were trained, tested, and then evaluated. In order to assess the models performance four metrics were used in this study, namely root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute scaled error (MASE)and R-squared (R2). The performance of the models reveals ANN to be the most effective predictive model for energy forecasting in similar cases with the lowest value of RMSE, MSAE and the highest value of R-squared, which are accepted as one of the most important performance criteria by the ANN model. The findings of this study not only validate the effectiveness of the ANN algorithm but also offer the appropriate parameters for achieving the best results in predicting solar energy production. By identifying the optimal configuration of the ANN algorithm, we provide valuable insights that can be directly applied in real-world applications, thereby enhancing the optimization of solar energy systems and contributing to a sustainable future, particularly the integration of these results in an edge device for the predictive maintenance of photovoltaic power plants.

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a bacterium commonly isolated from the vagina. Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are potential antibacterial agents, and studies have shown their toxic effects. Vitamin C (VC) is an essential vitamin with a protective role against toxicological conditions. We aimed to the evaluation therapeutic effects of the co-administration of SNPs and VC on vaginal infection caused by GBS in mice models. Methods: Vaginitis model was established by intravaginal inoculation of GBS. The Co-administration of SNPs and VC was used to treat the infections. The antibacterial activity of SNPs was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration. The toxicity of nanoparticles was measured by MTT assay. The microbial load and estrous cycle of mice during treatment were evaluated. Finally, blood samples and vaginal tissue sections were isolated and analyzed. Results: The results showed that SNPs have excellent effects on GBS, and the MIC was 512 ppm. Cell viability after exposure at 512 ppm of SNPs was 32.11% but after treatment with VC increased viability at 512 ppm of nanoparticles to 65.32%. In mice that received SNPs and VC at the same time, the bacteria were completely removed from the vagina, and estrus cycle returned to normal cycle. Analysis of the prepared blood samples and microscopic examination of the vaginal sections confirmed the results. Conclusion: SNPs have a potential antibacterial effect on GBS. But nanoparticles have toxic effects on mammalian cells. The simultaneous use of VC, as a powerful antioxidant, can completely eliminate this toxic effect of nanoparticles.

Objective:The sleep/wake cycle plays a vital role in mental health and daily life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of circadian rhythm sleep disorders in the young population and their effect on psychological health and mental disability.Materials and Methods:The present study is part of the first phase of the Ravansar cohort (a branch of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran cohort) and included 2991 participants from Ravansar, Iran. Data were collected using standard questionnaires, including the Kessler Psychological Distress (PD) Scale (K10), Sheehan Disability Scale, and sleep timing.Results:The prevalence of advanced sleep phase disorder (ASPD) was 0.4% in the sample, the prevalence of delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) was 4.1%, and the prevalence of the desire to change sleep patterns was 61.3%. The results also showed that the level of PD in people with and without ASPD was not significant, but the level of PD was significantly higher in people with DSPD compared to those without (p

Social exegesis is one of the emerging trends in the Quranic Commentary and one of the influential events in contemporary hermeneutics. It is clear that this new phenomenon, like any other intellectual and social phenomenon, did not appear suddenly and in a vacuum. This research seeks to answer the question that which factors were effective in forming the Social exegesis of the Quran. The innovation of the current research is to take the Synchrony Approach as one of the new and efficient research methods to find the answer to this question. The Synchrony Approach observes a historical phenomenon in a certain period of history in order to show, among other things, the contexts of its formation. The historical period related to this research is the interval of several decades between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The pondering of the developments of this period shows that social exegesis was formed due to the factors such as the inefficiency of traditional exegesis in responding to new requirements, the multifaceted attack on Islam and religious values, the influence of modern Muslim thinkers from the religious reform movement in Europe, the role of the Quran in the contemporary religious reform movement in the Islamic world, and the social personality of contemporary exegetes. This movement can be seen in the commentaries written after that era and even up to the present time.

Abstract Background Regarding the paucity of evidence on the side effects of the booster dose of Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine in vaccinated people with Sinopharm or Sputnik V, we aimed to set up a cohort event monitoring (CEM) study to capture adverse events occurring in individuals who will receive the booster doses of AstraZeneca (either the first or second booster dose) following being vaccinated with Sinopharm or sputnik V vaccines in Iran. Methods The present study is an active COVID-19 vaccine safety surveillance through an observational prospective cohort study that will be conducted in vaccination centers in Iran. The study will be conducted in twelve provinces of Iran. Study sites are vaccination centers where the AstraZeneca vaccine is administered to the cohort population. The study population includes all individuals who have received two doses of Sinopharm or Sputnik V vaccines and either the first or second booster dose of AstraZeneca according to the national guidelines for immunization in Iran in 2023. We are planning to include 30,000 eligible people in this study. Each individual will be followed up for 13 weeks after either the first or second booster dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine. Furthermore, convenience sampling is used to include participants in the present study. Participation in the study will be strictly voluntary. Discussion With the planned study we will provide a valid epidemiological evidence to improve the understanding of the safety of the booster dose of the AstraZeneca and to better evaluate the effectiveness of public health interventions. This could help policy makers in managing the COVID-19 pandemic according to scientific evidence.

Verse 6 of Surah Mubaraka Saf, on behalf of Jesus (pbuh), announces the appearance of the promised prophet. Most of the researchers have considered the phrase "Esmuho Ahmad" to mean the special naming of the Prophet (PBUH) as "Ahmed" and to prove his prophethood, they looked for this name or its semantic equivalent in the Bible and stated some cases. orientalists have tried to deny this issue. The current research with a descriptive-analytical approach and using verbal evidence such as the discovery of the meaning of words, the meaning of the name of science, the linguistic style of the Qur'an and the Testaments in introducing personalities and semantic development and non-verbal evidence such as historical, narrative and intellectual evidence in order to discover the meaning of this phrase It has been important and challenging. The result is that the meaning of the words "name" and "Ahmad" is not simply (his name is Ahmad); rather, the meaning (his attributes are more praised) can be determined from it, that these outstanding attributes have become one of the clear reasons for the distinction and recognition of the Prophet from others. On the other hand, verse 6 of Sura Saf does not necessarily indicate the existence of this name in the Bible, but it is possible that the good news with this name is in the oral tradition of Jesus (pbuh). By examining the above-mentioned evidence, it is appropriate to interpret the meaning of this phrase into higher concepts than simply referring to the name of knowledge of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). And by considering the semantic development, both the meaning of the name and the moral and behavioral attributes of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) can be determined from the phrase will, which made him the leader of other divine messengers.

IntroductionChickpea is a valuable and protein-rich pulse crop which is widely cultivated in more than 50 countries. Cultivation of chickpea in rotation with cereals can improve soil fertility through the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Among the chickpea producing provinces in Iran, Kermanshah province has the first rank of chickpea production. Root rots and wilt have been considered the most devastating diseases limiting chickpea production in Kermanshah Province. However, the etiology of these diseases has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the fungal species causing wilt, yellowing and root rot in Kermanshah province, identify the dominant species and determine the prevalence of the disease in different regions of the province. Materials and MethodsOne hundred ninety-four chickpea fields, representative of the main planting areas throughout Kermanshah province, were surveyed during growing seasons 2011-2015. In each field, at least four diseased plant samples showing yellowing or wilting symptoms were collected, kept in paper bags, and transferred to the laboratory. 5 mm long pieces of root and stem of affected plants were prepared, surface sterilized and plated on Water Agar. The culture plates were incubated at a temperature of 25°C and examined on a daily basis. Pure cultures were obtained using either the hyphal-tip or single spore techniques. The isolates were then morphologically identified using available descriptions from the literature. Out of the abundant isolates, a total of 288 were selected for further investigation regarding their pathogenicity and aggressiveness. To prepare the inoculum, oat seeds were soaked in water for 24 hours and then transferred to 500 ml flasks. The flasks were autoclaved at a temperature of 121°C for 20 minutes, twice on two consecutive days. Each fungal isolate was cultured on five plates containing Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. Then, the autoclaved oat seeds were added to the plates. The plates were then incubated at 25°C for two weeks until the fungus completely covered the seeds surface. The pots (4 cm in diameter and 12 cm in height) were filled to a height of 6 cm with an autoclaved soil mixture (field soil / sand at a ratio of 2:1), then 2 ml of inoculum was applied to the soil surface, the inoculum was covered with one cm of autoclaved soil, the two seeds of chickpea cultivar, Bivanij were placed on the soil surface, Finally, the seeds were covered with 2 cm of soil. In this test, three replicates were considered for each isolate. The control pots were mock inoculated with uninfested oat seeds. The pots were kept in the growth chamber for a maximum of five to six weeks at 25-28 ° C. The disease severity was rated according to a 0-4 scale. Results and DiscussionBased on morphological characteristics, eight fungal species including Fusarium oxysporoum, F. solani, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, F. culmorum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani were identified. Based on the results of pathogenicity test, except for F. verticillioides and F. culmorum other species were identified as pathogenic. Among these, F. oxysporum and F. solani species complex were classified as the most common and most aggressive pathogens. F. equiseti and F. proliferatum were ranked as weakly aggressive pathogens. In this study, vascular discoloration, a major characteristic of the pathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum, was observed in only a few inoculated plants suggesting that most of the recovered isolates did not belong to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri. Disease symptoms triggered by most of the isolates of F. oxysporum species complex in this study are consistent with those of F. redolens. However, accurate identification of these isolates requires a combination of molecular protocols and detailed morphological studies. ConclusionOur results showed that Fusarium species are the main agent causing root rot, yellowing and wilt on chickpea in kermanshah province. Among these, F. oxysporum species complex was the most common and most aggressive species. However, contrary to previous reports, most of the F. oxysporum isolates examined in this study did not belong to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri. Since the accurate pathogen identification is crucial for efficient disease management, accurate identification of the pathogen needs to be confirmed using molecular protocols. We also concluded that F. proliferatum is a weak pathogen of chickpea root. This is the first report of pathogenicity of F. proliferatum on chickpeas.

Background: Organizational knowledge management requires a structure or framework to identify, extract and document knowledge. The review of knowledge management sources shows that since the late 1980s, several cycles have been introduced in the field of knowledge management, and the Mayer and Zack cycle has been one of the most important cycles. The purpose of this study was to design a model for documenting organizational experiences based on the view of point of Iranian libraries managers in medical sciences universities by using Mayer and Zack model. Methods: The research method was survey and correlation schemes are used. The population of the study consisted of 209 managers and heads of central and hospital libraries. Sampling was a stratified random sampling method. data gathering was done in 2022 by questionnaire. path- analyses and structural equation modeling was used to data analyses. RMS-Theta measure was used to test the model. Results: The results of the partial least squares test showed that the gathering knowledge and Knowledge refinement has a significant effect on knowledge documentation. Knowledge refinement had the highest and knowledge application had the lowest impact on knowledge documentation. Conclusion: The results confirmed the effects of knowledge collection and refinement on knowledge documentation. Therefore, it is possible to rely on the designed model and effective factors of knowledge documentation and generalize the obtained results for knowledge documentation in libraries and information centers.

Abstract Objectives Sleep is one of the issues that attracted the attention of researchers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers focused their studies on the prevalence of sleep disorders, sleep quality, and sleep duration. Sleep hygiene is a set of guidelines that play an important role in the sleep quality, the present study sought to evaluate the amount of sleep hygiene and sleep quality in Iranian adolescents and their relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The present study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. The research population consisted of all adolescents living in Kermanshah (western Iran) in 2021. The participants were a sample of 610 adolescents. They completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory and Adolescent Sleep Hygiene Scale. Results The mean sleep quality score for the participants was 7.14 ± 2.47, indicating the high frequency of sleep problems affecting the participants. There were significant correlations between all components of sleep hygiene and sleep quality. There was also a significant correlation (r = − 0.46 between sleep hygiene and sleep quality (p

This paper proposes a new cipher image transmission system in free space optics system (FSO). A secure and effective image cryptosystem algorithm based on the Choquet fuzzy integral (CFI) technique and the integer wavelet transform is utilized. Numerical simulations are conducted to examine the efficacy of encrypted images against different attacks. The pixel correlation coefficient is found to be quite small for horizontally, vertically, and diagonally in the ranges $2.0557\times {10}^{-4}$ to 0.00057, $9.0256\times {10}^{-4}$ to 0.0045, and 0.00035 to 0.00342, respectively. Additionally, the information entropy of the encrypted image is found to be within the range of 7.9991:7.9972, which is very close to the ideal value of 8. As for the unified average changing intensity (UACI) and the number of pixel change rate (NPCR) metrics, they are in the ranges 33.46 to 33.42 and 99.58 to 99.63, respectively, which are also very close to the optimum values. Median and high pass filters are employed for further enhancing the received decrypted image. Different fog conditions are considered during the transmission of the encrypted image over FSO channel. The signal to noise ratio (SNR), FSO propagation range, and structured similarity index method (SSIM) are metrics used for performance evaluation. The results indicate that images transmitted with ciphering exhibit better performance than plain images. The maximum FSO spans over which the image can propagate in the channel while maintaining good quality are 1790 m, 1198 m, and 947 m under light fog (LF), medium fog (MF), and heavy fog (HF), respectively. In contrast, these ranges extend to 1798 m (LF), 1206 m (MF), and 953 m (HF) with good visual quality when ciphered images are transmitted. Furthermore, the employed enhancement technique demonstrates improvements in SNR and SSIM values for the received images. For instance, when the original image is transmitted in an FSO channel affected by MF, the SNR is −21 dB. This value significantly improves to 12.6 dB when median and high pass filters are applied for enhancement. In addition, the SSIM value goes from 0.18 for the original image to 0.29 when enhancement techniques like median and high pass filters are used at a 1206 m FSO range in MF weather. Consequently, the proposed encrypted image transfer improves image quality. This advancement can be attributed to the CFI encryption algorithm’s rigorous security mechanisms, which assure data safety as it travels through the atmosphere.

While the fifth-generation mobile network is being commercialized worldwide, researchers have recently started looking towards the next generation, called the 6G network. Unlike 5G and previous generations of wireless technologies designed to improve network performance for greater bandwidth, lower latency, and greater reliability, 6G ecosystems are considered a platform conducive to innovations in computing, artificial intelligence, connectivity and sensors, virtualization, and more. It is designed to meet the requirements of higher global coverage, greater spectral efficiency, and a reduced carbon footprint, emphasizing sustainability, equity, trust, and security through unprecedented architectural evolutions and technology. 6G will be an integrated network system that includes a traditional terrestrial mobile network, space network, and underwater network to provide ubiquitous network access. Even if studies on the vision of the 6G network have already been published, there is still a significant amount of ground to cover. There is no decision made yet regarding anything, and nothing has been ruled out. The focus of this study is to identify a complete picture of changes in architectures, technologies, and challenges that will shape the 6G network. The research results will provide indications for further studies on 6G ecosystems.

Purpose: The osteological characteristics of fish, especially the head structure, are important in understanding the biological characteristics. Periophthalmus waltoni and Boleophthalmus dussumieri are among the mudskippers and are distributed along the coasts of the Oman Sea and the Persian Gulf. Materials and Methods: After catching and fixing the samples in 96% ethanol, the samples were then sent to the preclinical laboratory (Lotus-InVivo) for micro-CT scanning (TPCF, in Tehran university of medical sciences) for imaging. Results: In B. dussumieri, the skull is rudimentary and a high percentage of the bones is still cartilaginous. In this species, despite the larger head size, the braincase is small. In P. waltoni, the braincase is larger, but the skull tissue is completely bony and has very little cartilaginous. The jaws have also undergone drastic changes, corresponding to the change from a nearly fixed biting mouth to a flexible sucking mouth. In both species, the teeth are sharp and in two parts in the jaws. In P. waltoni, there are three pairs of sharp teeth for hunting in the upper jaw, the number of these teeth in B. dussumieri is four passes and it is less curved. Conclusion: In this report, for the first time, the skull structure of the Persian Gulf was investigated. Micro CT technique has also been used for the first time. Mudskippers have developed special adaptations to live in mud in terrestrial and aquatic conditions. These adaptations are greater in P. waltoni, which shows greater degrees of terrestrialization, and requires detailed studies in this field.

BACKGROUND: Considering the epidemic status of the COVID-19 virus, the discussion of the psychological effects of this disease on the mental health of people at different levels of society is of great importance. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between coping (problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented) with psychological well-being in people with coronavirus disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this correlational study, the statistical population consisted of all individuals with experience of coronavirus in 2021 in Kermanshah city. In total, 220 people were selected as the sample using an available sampling method. The instruments used in this study were Reef Psycho-Welfare Questionnaire (PWBQ) and Andler and Parker Coping Styles (CISS-SF). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression. RESULTS: Multiple correlations of coping variables (problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented) with psychological well-being (R = 0.671; P = 0.01) are significant. Problem-oriented coping style (beta = 0.329; P = 0.05), emotional coping style (beta = 0.329; P = 0.05); avoidant coping style (beta = 0.144; P = 0.05) had a significant relationship with psychological well-being. CONCLUSION: According to the obtained results, the importance of paying attention to coping styles in psychological well-being is felt more than before. Psychological well-being seems to be influenced by other factors and their interactive effects as well.

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the combination of Genetic Algorithms (GA) and XGBoost, a well-known machine-learning model. The primary emphasis lies in hyperparameter optimization for fraud detection in smart grid applications. The empirical findings demonstrate a noteworthy enhancement in the model’s performance metrics following optimization, particularly emphasizing a substantial increase in accuracy from 0.82 to 0.978. The precision, recall, and AUROC metrics demonstrate a clear improvement, indicating the effectiveness of optimizing the XGBoost model for fraud detection. The findings from our study significantly contribute to the expanding field of smart grid fraud detection. These results emphasize the potential uses of advanced metaheuristic algorithms to optimize complex machine-learning models. This work showcases significant progress in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of fraud detection systems in smart grids.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive type of brain tumor that has limited treatment options. Current standard therapies, including surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, are not very effective due to the rapid progression and recurrence of the tumor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective treatments, such as combination therapy and localized drug delivery systems that can reduce systemic side effects. Recently, a handheld printer was developed that can deliver drugs directly to the tumor site. In this study, the feasibility of using this technology for localized co-delivery of temozolomide (TMZ) and deferiprone (DFP) to treat glioblastoma is showcased. A flexible drug-loaded mesh (GlioMesh) loaded with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles is printed, which shows the sustained release of both drugs for up to a month. The effectiveness of the printed drug-eluting mesh in terms of tumor toxicity and invasion inhibition is evaluated using a 3D micro-physiological system on a plate and the formation of GBM tumoroids within the microenvironment. The proposed in vitro model can identify the effective combination doses of TMZ and DFP in a sustained drug delivery platform. Additionally, our approach shows promise in GB therapy by enabling localized delivery of multiple drugs, preventing off-target cytotoxic effects.

Presents corrections to the paper, (Corrections to “Deep Learning-Based Object Detection and Classification for Autonomous Vehicles in Different Weather Scenarios of Quebec, Canada”).

Objective: The relationship between parents’ sleep quality and sleep hygiene and preschool children’s sleep habits was examined. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of the parents of all preschool children at daycare centers located in Kermanshah Province. Through cluster sampling, 153 parents from 26 daycare centers were selected. In order to assess the quality of sleep and sleep health of parents, Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) and sleep hygiene index (SHI) were used. As to the status of childrens sleep habits (CSH), the parents also completed child sleep habit questionnaire (CSHQ). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 25. The non-parametric tests like U Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis’s test, Spearman’s rho, and regression test were used. Results: The mean score of CSHQ from the parents’ viewpoint was 56.34±7.96, which meant a relatively improper sleep habits in the children. The CSH was significantly and directly related to parents’ sleep quality and all of its subscales except two sub-scales (SSQ and HSE). In addition, CSH was directly and significantly related to the parents’ sleep hygiene and its three subscales. The results of multiple linear regression showed that the impact coeffcient of parents’ sleep quality (B=1.02), given the t-value, predicted changes in CSH with 0.99 confidence. Conclusion: In general, the results showed that CSH was in a relatively bad state, while it had a direct relationship with parents’ sleep quality and hygiene. To improve CSH, it is possible to improve parents’ sleep quality through implementing proper programs and motivating parents to observe sleep hygiene.

Mudskippers are members of the Oxudercidae family and are amphibious fishes that are able to spend long periods out of water. In the present study, Boleophthalmus dussumieri was sampled from Petroshimi and Jafari stations. In order to perform histological studies, the samples (3 males and females from each station) were anesthetized and fixed in Boyne's fixative solution in accordance with biological ethical principles. Then, tissue sectioning and H&E staining were done. Observations by light microscope showed that the epidermis consists of a corresponding epithelium consisting of three cell layers. The dermis of the skin consists of thick collagen fibers and many blood capillaries. In some areas, protrusions from the dermis enter the epidermis, which are called dermal protrusions. There was a significant difference in the thickness of the epidermis layer in males and females. It was 87.97 microns in females and 74.32 microns in males. Based on the amphibian way of life of slugs, in species that are more hydrophilic, the upper and middle parts of the body, which are often exposed to air, have smaller amounts of diffusion distance. Therefore, it can be expected that air absorption through the skin in B. dussumieri takes place more in the upper part of the body than in the lower part or appendages.IntroductionThe term mudskippers refers to four genera, namely Periophthalmus, Periophthalmodon, Boleophthalmus, and Scartelaos, which are known as fish-amphibians and have different degrees of adaptation to terrestrial conditions. Boleophthalmus dussumieri from the Oxudercidae family is distributed along the coasts of the Oman Sea and the Persian Gulf. Mudskippers are able to breathe through the skin, the lining of the mouth (mucous or mucous membrane), and the mouth (throat). This action will be possible when their skin is moist and wet. This type of breathing, which is used in a similar way in amphibians, is called skin or skin breathing. So far, various studies have been done on this group of fish in East Asia. In order to further investigate thistopic, in the present study, the histological investigation of the dorsal and ventral surfaces of B. dussumieri and its role in respiration was done. Materials and MethodsIn this research, some specimens of B. dussumieri were caught alive by hand during the spring season of 2020-2021 from Khor Mahshahr, located in the northwest of the Persian Gulf. The checking of morphological index traits was done with the help of a valid identification key. A 1 x 1 cm skin incision was made from the skin of the back and abdomen. The usual method of preparing tissue sections was used. Then, 5 μm thick sections were prepared and subjected to general hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. To perform histometric studies, an optical microscope equipped with a Dino-Lite digital lens and Image J software was used. The measurement results were analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Results and Conclusions Microscopic observations showed that the epidermis consists of a corresponding epithelium consisting of three cell layers, including the surface layer, the middle layer, and the reproductive layer. The surface layer of the epidermis consists of several layers of flat and squamous cells along with a large number of blood capillaries (intraepithelial blood capillaries) that are located near the body surface. Nucleated red blood cells in these capillaries are located near the surface of the fish body. The middle layer of the epidermis consists of several layers of spherical to polyhedral cells, which have a central nucleus and are called vesicular cells. The basal or germ layer also consists of several rows of cubic cells with a spherical nucleus. Also, the histological study showed that the dermis of the skin consists of thick collagen fibers.Comparing the thickness of the epidermis layer of the skin showed that there is a significant difference between the male and female sexes in terms of the thickness of the epidermis. Also, the thickness of the epidermis was measured in females more than in males. There was a significant difference in the thickness of the epidermis between the dorsal-ventral surfaces in each of the male and female sexes. There was no significant difference between the male and female sexes in terms of diffusion distance. However, the average distance of diffusion in the female sex compared to the male sex included smaller values. In males, the diffusion distance between the dorsal and ventral surfaces was very different. But in females, it was significant only at the abdominal level. The difference in basal layer thickness was significant in both areas. The comparison of the middle layer in males and females had a significant difference and its thickness was measured more in females than in males. Finally, the comparison of the external layer showed that the thickness of this layer in the abdominal part of males has a significant difference compared to the abdominal surface.The comparison of the tissue sections of the skin in B. dussumieri populations showed that the adaptation of this group of fish to dry conditions had an effect on the thickness and structure of the epidermis, the distribution, abundance, and function of the capillaries in the epidermis. The presence of skin protrusions in B. dussumieri reduces the outer layer of the epidermis. This is consistent with the results of other studies in which dermal protrusions are observed in all Boleophthalmus and Scartelaos genera in the structure of the epidermis. Based on the amphibious lifestyle of the gill-feeding fishes, it seems that in species that are more hydrophilic, the upper and middle parts of the body are often exposed to the air leading to smaller values ​​of the diffusion distance in these areas. The two genera Periophthalmus and Periophthalmodon perform skin breathing directly through the air and are known as air-breathing fish. Alternatively, adaptations such as a thicker epidermis, well-developed vascularization, fewer blood capillaries, and reduced diffusion distance may enable dermal respiration to survive in poorly oxygenated water during the periodic dry season. Funding Funding was provided by the Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.