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56 results on '"Caroline Flament"'

1. RBD- specific Th1 responses are associated with vaccine-induced protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with hematological malignancies

Author: Camille Bigenwald, Yacine Haddad, Cassandra Thelemaque, Agathe Carrier, Roxanne Birebent, Pierre Ly, Caroline Flament, Imran Lahmar, Eric de Sousa, Markus Maeurer, Makoto Miyara, Tarek Assi, Cristina Castilla-Llorente, Christophe Willekens, Céline Fayemi, Julien Lazarovici, Aurélien Marabelle, Lisa Derosa, Vincent Ribrag, and Laurence Zitvogel
Subjects: COVID-19, vaccination, T cell, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: ABSTRACTThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic still represents a threat for immunosuppressed and hematological malignancy (HM) bearing patients, causing increased morbidity and mortality. Given the low anti-SARSCoV-2 IgG titers post-vaccination, the COVID-19 threat prompted the prophylactic use of engineered anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies. In addition, potential clinical significance of T cell responses has been overlooked during the first waves of the pandemic, calling for additional in-depth studies. We reported that the polarity and the repertoire of T cell immune responses govern the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care workers and solid cancer patients. Here, we longitudinally analyzed humoral and cellular immune responses at each BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine injection in 47 HM patients under therapy. Only one-third of HM, mostly multiple myeloma (MM) bearing patients, could mount S1-RBD-specific IgG responses following BNT162b2 mRNA vaccines. This vaccine elicited a S1-RBD-specific Th1 immune response in about 20% patients, mostly in MM and Hodgkin lymphoma, while exacerbating Th2 responses in the 10% cases that presented this recognition pattern at baseline (mostly rituximab-treated patients). Performing a third booster barely improved the percentage of patients developing an S1-RBD-specific Th1 immunity and failed to seroconvert additional HM patients. Finally, 16 patients were infected with SARS-CoV-2, of whom 6 developed a severe infection. Only S1-RBD-specific Th1 responses were associated with protection against SARS-CoV2 infection, while Th2 responses or anti-S1-RBD IgG titers failed to correlate with protection. These findings herald the paramount relevance of vaccine-induced Th1 immune responses in hematological malignancies.
Published: 2023
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2. Dendritic cell-derived exosomes promote natural killer cell activation and proliferation: a role for NKG2D ligands and IL-15Ralpha.

Author: Sophie Viaud, Magali Terme, Caroline Flament, Julien Taieb, Fabrice André, Sophie Novault, Bernard Escudier, Caroline Robert, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Thomas Tursz, Laurence Zitvogel, and Nathalie Chaput
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Dendritic cell (DC) derived-exosomes (Dex) are nanomeric vesicles harboring functional MHC/peptide complexes promoting T cell-dependent tumor rejection. In the first Phase I trial using peptide-pulsed Dex, the observation of clinical regressions in the absence of T cell responses prompted the search for alternate effector mechanisms. Mouse studies unraveled the bioactivity of Dex on NK cells. Indeed, Dex promoted an IL-15Ralpha- and NKG2D-dependent NK cell proliferation and activation respectively, resulting in anti-metastatic effects mediated by NK1.1(+) cells. In humans, Dex express functional IL-15Ralpha which allow proliferation and IFNgamma secretion by NK cells. In contrast to immature DC, human Dex harbor NKG2D ligands on their surface leading to a direct engagement of NKG2D and NK cell activation ex vivo. In our phase I clinical trial, we highlight the capacity of Dex based-vaccines to restore the number and NKG2D-dependent function of NK cells in 7/14 patients. Altogether, these data provide a mechanistic explanation on how Dex may stimulate non MHC restricted-anti-tumor effectors and induce tumor regression in vivo.
Published: 2009
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3. Data from The Polarity and Specificity of Antiviral T Lymphocyte Responses Determine Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Cancer and Healthy Individuals

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Lisa Derosa, Markus Maeurer, Bernard La Scola, Guido Kroemer, Odile Launay, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Florence Fenollar, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Mathieu F. Chevalier, Juliette Villemonteix, Fabrice André, Miriam Merad, Jean-Charles Soria, Jean-Yves Blay, Frank Griscelli, Aurélien Marabelle, Florian Scotté, Mansouria Merad, Jean-Philippe Spano, Bertrand Gachot, Eric Deutsch, Nathalie Droin, Marc Deloger, Pernelle Lavaud, Emeline Colomba, Fanny Pommeret, Emmanuelle Gallois, Caroline Pradon, Yeriel Estrada, Benjamin Ungar, Alexandre Trubert, Fabrice Barlesi, Guy Gorochov, Makoto Miyara, Abdelhakim Ahmed-Belkacem, Lydia Meziani, Nadine Benhamouda, Eric Tartour, Pierre Ly, Caroline Flament, Eugenie Pizzato, Safae Terrisse, François-Xavier Danlos, Marianne Gazzano, Benoît Kloeckner, Alice Bernard-Tessier, Ariane Laparra, Joana R. Lérias, Luigi Cerbone, Marion Picard, Camille Bigenwald, Roxanne Birebent, Gladys Ferrere, Arthur Geraud, Agathe Dubuisson, Cléa Melenotte, Cassandra Thelemaque, Eric de Sousa, Carolina Alves Costa Silva, Damien Drubay, Marine Mazzenga, Agathe Carrier, Yacine Haddad, Anne-Gaëlle Goubet, Imran Lahmar, and Jean-Eudes Fahrner
Abstract: Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relies on the in-depth understanding of protective immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). We characterized the polarity and specificity of memory T cells directed against SARS-CoV-2 viral lysates and peptides to determine correlates with spontaneous, virus-elicited, or vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in disease-free and cancer-bearing individuals. A disbalance between type 1 and 2 cytokine release was associated with high susceptibility to COVID-19. Individuals susceptible to infection exhibited a specific deficit in the T helper 1/T cytotoxic 1 (Th1/Tc1) peptide repertoire affecting the receptor binding domain of the spike protein (S1-RBD), a hotspot of viral mutations. Current vaccines triggered Th1/Tc1 responses in only a fraction of all subject categories, more effectively against the original sequence of S1-RBD than that from viral variants. We speculate that the next generation of vaccines should elicit Th1/Tc1 T-cell responses against the S1-RBD domain of emerging viral variants.Significance:This study prospectively analyzed virus-specific T-cell correlates of protection against COVID-19 in healthy and cancer-bearing individuals. A disbalance between Th1/Th2 recall responses conferred susceptibility to COVID-19 in both populations, coinciding with selective defects in Th1 recognition of the receptor binding domain of spike.See related commentary by McGary and Vardhana, p. 892.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 873
Published: 2023
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4. Supplementary Figure from The Polarity and Specificity of Antiviral T Lymphocyte Responses Determine Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Cancer and Healthy Individuals

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Lisa Derosa, Markus Maeurer, Bernard La Scola, Guido Kroemer, Odile Launay, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Florence Fenollar, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Mathieu F. Chevalier, Juliette Villemonteix, Fabrice André, Miriam Merad, Jean-Charles Soria, Jean-Yves Blay, Frank Griscelli, Aurélien Marabelle, Florian Scotté, Mansouria Merad, Jean-Philippe Spano, Bertrand Gachot, Eric Deutsch, Nathalie Droin, Marc Deloger, Pernelle Lavaud, Emeline Colomba, Fanny Pommeret, Emmanuelle Gallois, Caroline Pradon, Yeriel Estrada, Benjamin Ungar, Alexandre Trubert, Fabrice Barlesi, Guy Gorochov, Makoto Miyara, Abdelhakim Ahmed-Belkacem, Lydia Meziani, Nadine Benhamouda, Eric Tartour, Pierre Ly, Caroline Flament, Eugenie Pizzato, Safae Terrisse, François-Xavier Danlos, Marianne Gazzano, Benoît Kloeckner, Alice Bernard-Tessier, Ariane Laparra, Joana R. Lérias, Luigi Cerbone, Marion Picard, Camille Bigenwald, Roxanne Birebent, Gladys Ferrere, Arthur Geraud, Agathe Dubuisson, Cléa Melenotte, Cassandra Thelemaque, Eric de Sousa, Carolina Alves Costa Silva, Damien Drubay, Marine Mazzenga, Agathe Carrier, Yacine Haddad, Anne-Gaëlle Goubet, Imran Lahmar, and Jean-Eudes Fahrner
Abstract: Supplementary Figure from The Polarity and Specificity of Antiviral T Lymphocyte Responses Determine Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Cancer and Healthy Individuals
Published: 2023
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5. Supplementary Figure from Escherichia coli–Specific CXCL13-Producing TFH Are Associated with Clinical Efficacy of Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade against Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Author: Yohann Loriot, Laurence Zitvogel, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Guido Kroemer, Miriam Merad, Fabrice Andre, Benjamin Besse, Michiel S. Van Der Heijden, Nick Van Dijk, Jeroen Van Dorp, Aurélien Marabelle, Lisa Derosa, Gwénaël Le Teuff, Florent Ginhoux, Mathieu Rouanne, Jacques Fieschi, Yves Allory, Camelia Radulescu, Etienne Rouleau, Romain Daillere, Adeline Mallet, Maryse Moya-Nilges, Nadège Cayet, Ivo Gomperts Boneca, Shaima Belhechmi, Baptiste Archambaud, Thibault Raoult, Aymeric Silvin, Kevin Mulder, Garett Dunsmore, François-Xavier Danlos, Camille Bleriot, Jacques Bou Khalil, Gabriel Haddad, Caroline Davin, Mounia Filahi, Thomas Sbarrato, Allan Sauvat, Nicolas Signolle, Virginie Marty, Pierre Ly, Caroline Flament, Marine Mazzenga, Agathe Dubuisson, Idir Ouzaid, Evanguelos Xylinas, Morgan Roupret, Luca Campedel, Carole Helissey, Gwenaelle Gravis, Géraldine Pignot, François Audenet, Constance Thibault, Cédric Lebacle, Cassandra Thelemaque, Maxime Descartes Mbogning-Fonkou, Marianne Gazzano, Isabelle Peguillet, Carolina Alves Costa Silva, Leonardo Lordello, and Anne-Gaëlle Goubet
Abstract: Supplementary Figure from Escherichia coli–Specific CXCL13-Producing TFH Are Associated with Clinical Efficacy of Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade against Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Published: 2023
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6. Supplementary Data from The Polarity and Specificity of Antiviral T Lymphocyte Responses Determine Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Cancer and Healthy Individuals

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Lisa Derosa, Markus Maeurer, Bernard La Scola, Guido Kroemer, Odile Launay, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Florence Fenollar, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Mathieu F. Chevalier, Juliette Villemonteix, Fabrice André, Miriam Merad, Jean-Charles Soria, Jean-Yves Blay, Frank Griscelli, Aurélien Marabelle, Florian Scotté, Mansouria Merad, Jean-Philippe Spano, Bertrand Gachot, Eric Deutsch, Nathalie Droin, Marc Deloger, Pernelle Lavaud, Emeline Colomba, Fanny Pommeret, Emmanuelle Gallois, Caroline Pradon, Yeriel Estrada, Benjamin Ungar, Alexandre Trubert, Fabrice Barlesi, Guy Gorochov, Makoto Miyara, Abdelhakim Ahmed-Belkacem, Lydia Meziani, Nadine Benhamouda, Eric Tartour, Pierre Ly, Caroline Flament, Eugenie Pizzato, Safae Terrisse, François-Xavier Danlos, Marianne Gazzano, Benoît Kloeckner, Alice Bernard-Tessier, Ariane Laparra, Joana R. Lérias, Luigi Cerbone, Marion Picard, Camille Bigenwald, Roxanne Birebent, Gladys Ferrere, Arthur Geraud, Agathe Dubuisson, Cléa Melenotte, Cassandra Thelemaque, Eric de Sousa, Carolina Alves Costa Silva, Damien Drubay, Marine Mazzenga, Agathe Carrier, Yacine Haddad, Anne-Gaëlle Goubet, Imran Lahmar, and Jean-Eudes Fahrner
Abstract: Supplementary Data from The Polarity and Specificity of Antiviral T Lymphocyte Responses Determine Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Cancer and Healthy Individuals
Published: 2023
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7. Data from Escherichia coli–Specific CXCL13-Producing TFH Are Associated with Clinical Efficacy of Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade against Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Author: Yohann Loriot, Laurence Zitvogel, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Guido Kroemer, Miriam Merad, Fabrice Andre, Benjamin Besse, Michiel S. Van Der Heijden, Nick Van Dijk, Jeroen Van Dorp, Aurélien Marabelle, Lisa Derosa, Gwénaël Le Teuff, Florent Ginhoux, Mathieu Rouanne, Jacques Fieschi, Yves Allory, Camelia Radulescu, Etienne Rouleau, Romain Daillere, Adeline Mallet, Maryse Moya-Nilges, Nadège Cayet, Ivo Gomperts Boneca, Shaima Belhechmi, Baptiste Archambaud, Thibault Raoult, Aymeric Silvin, Kevin Mulder, Garett Dunsmore, François-Xavier Danlos, Camille Bleriot, Jacques Bou Khalil, Gabriel Haddad, Caroline Davin, Mounia Filahi, Thomas Sbarrato, Allan Sauvat, Nicolas Signolle, Virginie Marty, Pierre Ly, Caroline Flament, Marine Mazzenga, Agathe Dubuisson, Idir Ouzaid, Evanguelos Xylinas, Morgan Roupret, Luca Campedel, Carole Helissey, Gwenaelle Gravis, Géraldine Pignot, François Audenet, Constance Thibault, Cédric Lebacle, Cassandra Thelemaque, Maxime Descartes Mbogning-Fonkou, Marianne Gazzano, Isabelle Peguillet, Carolina Alves Costa Silva, Leonardo Lordello, and Anne-Gaëlle Goubet
Abstract: Biomarkers guiding the neoadjuvant use of immune-checkpoint blockers (ICB) are needed for patients with localized muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBC). Profiling tumor and blood samples, we found that follicular helper CD4+ T cells (TFH) are among the best therapeutic targets of pembrolizumab correlating with progression-free survival. TFH were associated with tumoral CD8 and PD-L1 expression at baseline and the induction of tertiary lymphoid structures after pembrolizumab. Blood central memory TFH accumulated in tumors where they produce CXCL13, a chemokine found in the plasma of responders only. IgG4+CD38+ TFH residing in bladder tissues correlated with clinical benefit. Finally, TFH and IgG directed against urothelium-invasive Escherichia coli dictated clinical responses to pembrolizumab in three independent cohorts. The links between tumor infection and success of ICB immunomodulation should be prospectively assessed at a larger scale.Significance:In patients with bladder cancer treated with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab, E. coli–specific CXCL13 producing TFH and IgG constitute biomarkers that predict clinical benefit. Beyond its role as a biomarker, such immune responses against E. coli might be harnessed for future therapeutic strategies.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2221
Published: 2023
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8. Supplementary Figure 3 from Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Robert, Alexander Eggermont, Danila Valmori, Maha Ayyoub, Christine Mateus, Camillo Porta, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Anne Aupérin, Meriem Messaoudene, Anne Caignard, Caroline Flament, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Yannick Jacques, Erwan Mortier, Kariman Chaba, Nicolas Jacquelot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, and Ana I. Romero
Abstract: PDF file - 109K, CD4+CD8dim or CD4+NKG2D+ T cells can be found in other malignancies.
Published: 2023
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9. Supplementary Figure 2 from Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Robert, Alexander Eggermont, Danila Valmori, Maha Ayyoub, Christine Mateus, Camillo Porta, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Anne Aupérin, Meriem Messaoudene, Anne Caignard, Caroline Flament, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Yannick Jacques, Erwan Mortier, Kariman Chaba, Nicolas Jacquelot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, and Ana I. Romero
Abstract: PDF file - 84K, The combination therapy induced a profound lymphopenia.
Published: 2023
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10. Supplementary Figure 4 from Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Robert, Alexander Eggermont, Danila Valmori, Maha Ayyoub, Christine Mateus, Camillo Porta, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Anne Aupérin, Meriem Messaoudene, Anne Caignard, Caroline Flament, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Yannick Jacques, Erwan Mortier, Kariman Chaba, Nicolas Jacquelot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, and Ana I. Romero
Abstract: PDF file - 38K, Synergistic effects of TCR or IL-15 stimulation with NKG2D engagement for Th1 polarization in CD4+NKG2D+T cells.
Published: 2023
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11. Supplementary Figure 6 from Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Robert, Alexander Eggermont, Danila Valmori, Maha Ayyoub, Christine Mateus, Camillo Porta, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Anne Aupérin, Meriem Messaoudene, Anne Caignard, Caroline Flament, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Yannick Jacques, Erwan Mortier, Kariman Chaba, Nicolas Jacquelot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, and Ana I. Romero
Abstract: PDF file - 94K, 2D Clustering of LogRatios (D21/D0) of gene expression post- (D21) and pre-therapy (D0) with sorafenib/temozolomide.
Published: 2023
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12. Supplementary Figure 5 from Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Robert, Alexander Eggermont, Danila Valmori, Maha Ayyoub, Christine Mateus, Camillo Porta, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Anne Aupérin, Meriem Messaoudene, Anne Caignard, Caroline Flament, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Yannick Jacques, Erwan Mortier, Kariman Chaba, Nicolas Jacquelot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, and Ana I. Romero
Abstract: PDF file - 1795K, T-cell infiltration and MICA/B expression in metastatic melanoma.
Published: 2023
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13. Supplementary Materials and Methods and Figures 1-3 from Potent Immunomodulatory Effects of the Trifunctional Antibody Catumaxomab

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Nathalie Chaput, Dominique Elias, Alexander Eggermont, Julien Pesquet, Isabelle Martins, Oliver Kepp, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Caroline Flament, and Diane Goéré
Abstract: PDF - 115K, upplemental Figure 1. Activation of CD4+ T cells by CatmAb in mixed lymphocyte tumor cocultures. Supplemental Figure 2. Activation of CD8+ T cells by CatmAb in mixed lymphocyte tumor cocultures. Supplemental Figure 3. Activation of NK cells by CatmAb in mixed lymphocyte tumor cocultures.
Published: 2023
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14. Supplementary Tables 1 - 3, Figures 1 - 2 from Immune Infiltrates Are Prognostic Factors in Localized Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Jean-Yves Blay, Axel Le Cesne, Nathalie Chaput, Guido Kroemer, Jean-Michel Coindre, Jean-François Emile, Paule Opolon, Philippe Terrier, Frédéric Commo, Sylvie Bonvalot, Alexander Eggermont, Dirk Jäger, Niels Halama, Caroline Flament, Kariman Chaba, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Anne Caignard, Isabelle Cremer, Patrice Dubreuil, Valérie Le Brun-Ly, Loic Chaigneau, Nicolas Isambert, Federico Garrido, Angel Concha, Nadège Vimond, Rosa Mendez, Clara Locher, Mélanie Desbois, Matthieu Sarabi, Michaela Semeraro, and Sylvie Rusakiewicz
Abstract: PDF file - 197K, Supplemental Table 1. Characteristics of GIST patients for the immunohistochemistry study. Supplemental Table 2. Characteristics of GIST and STS patients studied in flow cytometry. Supplemental Table 3: Antibodies for flow cytometry and IHC. Supplemental Figure 1. Correlation between T and NK cell infiltrates and the 3-digit Miettinen score. Supplemental Figure 2. GIST TIls are mainly composed of CD4+ T cells.
Published: 2023
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15. Supplementary Figure 2 from Cyclophosphamide Induces Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Cancer Patients

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Nathalie Chaput, Caroline Robert, Philippe Vielh, Virginie Marty, Jean-Charles Soria, Vincent Ribrag, Axel LeCesne, Patricia Pautier, Mustapha Zoubir, Caroline Flament, and Sophie Viaud
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2 from Cyclophosphamide Induces Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Cancer Patients
Published: 2023
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16. Supplementary Figure Legends from Cyclophosphamide Induces Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Cancer Patients

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Nathalie Chaput, Caroline Robert, Philippe Vielh, Virginie Marty, Jean-Charles Soria, Vincent Ribrag, Axel LeCesne, Patricia Pautier, Mustapha Zoubir, Caroline Flament, and Sophie Viaud
Abstract: Supplementary Figure Legends from Cyclophosphamide Induces Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Cancer Patients
Published: 2023
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17. Supplementary Figure 1 from Cyclophosphamide Induces Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Cancer Patients

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Nathalie Chaput, Caroline Robert, Philippe Vielh, Virginie Marty, Jean-Charles Soria, Vincent Ribrag, Axel LeCesne, Patricia Pautier, Mustapha Zoubir, Caroline Flament, and Sophie Viaud
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1 from Cyclophosphamide Induces Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Cancer Patients
Published: 2023
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18. Data from Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Robert, Alexander Eggermont, Danila Valmori, Maha Ayyoub, Christine Mateus, Camillo Porta, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Anne Aupérin, Meriem Messaoudene, Anne Caignard, Caroline Flament, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Yannick Jacques, Erwan Mortier, Kariman Chaba, Nicolas Jacquelot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, and Ana I. Romero
Abstract: Beyond cancer-cell intrinsic factors, the immune status of the host has a prognostic impact on patients with cancer and influences the effects of conventional chemotherapies. Metastatic melanoma is intrinsically immunogenic, thereby facilitating the search for immune biomarkers of clinical responses to cytotoxic agents. Here, we show that a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib, upregulates interleukin (IL)-15Rα in vitro and in vivo in patients with melanoma, and in conjunction with natural killer (NK) group 2D (NKG2D) ligands, contributes to the Th1 polarization and accumulation of peripheral CD4+NKG2D+ T cells. Hence, the increase of blood CD4+NKG2D+ T cells after two cycles of sorafenib (combined with temozolomide) was associated with prolonged survival in a prospective phase I/II trial enrolling 63 patients with metastatic melanoma who did not receive vemurafenib nor immune checkpoint–blocking antibodies. In contrast, in metastatic melanoma patients treated with classical treatment modalities, this CD4+NKG2D+ subset failed to correlate with prognosis. These findings indicate that sorafenib may be used as an “adjuvant” molecule capable of inducing or restoring IL-15Rα/IL-15 in tumors expressing MHC class I–related chain A/B (MICA/B) and on circulating monocytes of responding patients, hereby contributing to the bioactivity of NKG2D+ Th1 cells. Cancer Res; 74(1); 68–80. ©2013 AACR.
Published: 2023
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19. Supplementary Figure 1 from Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Robert, Alexander Eggermont, Danila Valmori, Maha Ayyoub, Christine Mateus, Camillo Porta, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Anne Aupérin, Meriem Messaoudene, Anne Caignard, Caroline Flament, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Yannick Jacques, Erwan Mortier, Kariman Chaba, Nicolas Jacquelot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, and Ana I. Romero
Abstract: PDF file - 25K, Schedule of the sorafenib and temozolomide combination regimen.
Published: 2023
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20. Supplementary Figure Legend from Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Robert, Alexander Eggermont, Danila Valmori, Maha Ayyoub, Christine Mateus, Camillo Porta, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Anne Aupérin, Meriem Messaoudene, Anne Caignard, Caroline Flament, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Yannick Jacques, Erwan Mortier, Kariman Chaba, Nicolas Jacquelot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, and Ana I. Romero
Abstract: PDF file - 119K
Published: 2023
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21. The Polarity and Specificity of Antiviral T Lymphocyte Responses Determine Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Cancer and Healthy Individuals

Author: Jean-Eudes, Fahrner, Imran, Lahmar, Anne-Gaëlle, Goubet, Yacine, Haddad, Agathe, Carrier, Marine, Mazzenga, Damien, Drubay, Carolina, Alves Costa Silva, Eric, de Sousa, Cassandra, Thelemaque, Cléa, Melenotte, Agathe, Dubuisson, Arthur, Geraud, Gladys, Ferrere, Roxanne, Birebent, Camille, Bigenwald, Marion, Picard, Luigi, Cerbone, Joana R, Lérias, Ariane, Laparra, Alice, Bernard-Tessier, Benoît, Kloeckner, Marianne, Gazzano, François-Xavier, Danlos, Safae, Terrisse, Eugenie, Pizzato, Caroline, Flament, Pierre, Ly, Eric, Tartour, Nadine, Benhamouda, Lydia, Meziani, Abdelhakim, Ahmed-Belkacem, Makoto, Miyara, Guy, Gorochov, Fabrice, Barlesi, Alexandre, Trubert, Benjamin, Ungar, Yeriel, Estrada, Caroline, Pradon, Emmanuelle, Gallois, Fanny, Pommeret, Emeline, Colomba, Pernelle, Lavaud, Marc, Deloger, Nathalie, Droin, Eric, Deutsch, Bertrand, Gachot, Jean-Philippe, Spano, Mansouria, Merad, Florian, Scotté, Aurélien, Marabelle, Frank, Griscelli, Jean-Yves, Blay, Jean-Charles, Soria, Miriam, Merad, Fabrice, André, Juliette, Villemonteix, Mathieu F, Chevalier, Sophie, Caillat-Zucman, Florence, Fenollar, Emma, Guttman-Yassky, Odile, Launay, Guido, Kroemer, Bernard, La Scola, Markus, Maeurer, Lisa, Derosa, Laurence, Zitvogel, Université Paris-Saclay, Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Prédicteurs moléculaires et nouvelles cibles en oncologie (PMNCO), and Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, SARS-CoV-2, T-Lymphocytes, COVID-19, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antiviral Restriction Factors, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Oncology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Neoplasms, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology
Abstract: Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relies on the in-depth understanding of protective immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). We characterized the polarity and specificity of memory T cells directed against SARS-CoV-2 viral lysates and peptides to determine correlates with spontaneous, virus-elicited, or vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in disease-free and cancer-bearing individuals. A disbalance between type 1 and 2 cytokine release was associated with high susceptibility to COVID-19. Individuals susceptible to infection exhibited a specific deficit in the T helper 1/T cytotoxic 1 (Th1/Tc1) peptide repertoire affecting the receptor binding domain of the spike protein (S1-RBD), a hotspot of viral mutations. Current vaccines triggered Th1/Tc1 responses in only a fraction of all subject categories, more effectively against the original sequence of S1-RBD than that from viral variants. We speculate that the next generation of vaccines should elicit Th1/Tc1 T-cell responses against the S1-RBD domain of emerging viral variants. Significance: This study prospectively analyzed virus-specific T-cell correlates of protection against COVID-19 in healthy and cancer-bearing individuals. A disbalance between Th1/Th2 recall responses conferred susceptibility to COVID-19 in both populations, coinciding with selective defects in Th1 recognition of the receptor binding domain of spike. See related commentary by McGary and Vardhana, p. 892. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 873
Published: 2021
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22. The polarity and specificity of SARS-CoV2-specific T lymphocyte responses determine disease susceptibility

Author: Jean-Yves Blay, Cléa Melenotte, Fabrice Andre, Caroline Pradon, Agathe Carrier, Lydia Meziani, Guy Gorochov, Markus Maeurer, Carolina Alves Costa Silva, Safae Terrisse, Aurélien Marabelle, L. Cerbone, Eric De Sousa, Lisa Derosa, Joana R. Lérias, François-Xavier Danlos, Fanny Pommeret, Yacine Haddad, Florence Fenollar, Bertrand Gachot, Alice Bernard, Caroline Flament, Marianne Gazzano, Benoît Kloeckner, Florian Scotté, Anne-Gaëlle Goubet, Agathe Dubuisson, Cassandra Thelemaque, Eugenie Pizzato, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Arthur Geraud, Fabrice Barlesi, Marine Mazzenga, Frank Griscelli, Mathieu F. Chevalier, Laurence Zitvogel, Bernard La Scola, Damien Drubay, Abdelhakim Ahmed-Belkacem, Pernelle Lavaud, Emeline Colomba, Jean-Eudes Fahrner, Gladys Ferrere, Eric Tartour, Pierre Ly, Marion Picard, Ariane Laparra, Jean-Philippe Spano, Makoto Miyara, Eric Deutsch, Mansouria Merad, Jean-Charles Soria, Imran Lahmar, Guido Kroemer, and Emmanuelle Gallois
Subjects: viruses, medicine.medical_treatment, T cell, Immunotherapy, T lymphocyte, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Virus, Immune system, Cytokine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunization, Immunology, medicine, Coronavirus
Abstract: Optimal vaccination and immunotherapy against coronavirus disease COVID-19 relies on the in-depth comprehension of immune responses determining the individual susceptibility to be infected by SARS-CoV-2 and to develop severe disease. We characterized the polarity and specificity of circulating SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses against whole virus lysates or 186 unique peptides derived from the SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV-1 ORFeome on 296 cancer-bearing and 86 cancer-free individuals who were either from the pre-COVID-19 era (67 individuals) or contemporary COVID-19-free (237 individuals) or who developed COVID-19 (78 individuals) in 2020/21. The ratio between the prototypic T helper 1 (TH1) cytokine, interleukin-2, and the prototypic T helper 2 (TH2) cytokine, interleukin-5 (IL-5), released from SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells measured in early 2020, among SARS-CoV-2-negative persons, was associated with the susceptibility of these individuals to develop PCR-detectable SARS-CoV-2 infection in late 2020 or 2021. Of note, T cells from individuals who recovered after SARS-CoV-2 re-infection spontaneously produced elevated levels of IL-5 and secreted the immunosuppressive TH2 cytokine interleukin-10 in response to SARS-CoV-2 lysate, suggesting that TH2 responses to SARS-CoV-2 are inadequate. Moreover, individuals susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibited a deficit in the TH1 peptide repertoire affecting the highly mutated receptor binding domain (RBD) amino acids (331-525) of the spike protein. Finally, current vaccines successfully triggered anti-RBD specific TH1 responses in 88% healthy subjects that were negative prior to immunization. These findings indicate that COVID-19 protection relies on TH1 cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 S1-RBD which in turn likely drives the phylogenetic escape of the virus. The next generation of COVID-19 vaccines should elicit high-avidity TH1 (rather than TH2)-like T cell responses against the RBD domain of current and emerging viral variants.
Published: 2021
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23. Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA virus shedding and lymphopenia are hallmarks of COVID-19 in cancer patients with poor prognosis

Author: Alain Roulet, Nitharsshini Nirmalathasan, Annabelle Stoclin, Michaela Fontenay, Guy Gorochov, Eric Deutsch, Cléa Melenotte, Lisa Derosa, Gabriel Garcia, Mansouria Merad, Aurelien Marabelle, Benjamin Lelouvier, Eugenie Pizzato, Souad Assaad, Guido Kroemer, Oliver Kepp, Stéphanie Gentile, François-Xavier Danlos, Abdelhakim Ahmed-Belkacem, Jean-Yves Blay, Lydia Meziani, Nadia Saidani, Anne-Gaëlle Goubet, Fanny Pommeret, Carolina Alves Costa Silva, Aymeric Silvin, Bertrand Gachot, Florent Ginhoux, Fabrice Andre, Didier Raoult, Emmanuelle Gallois, Yacine Haddad, Arthur Geraud, Sébastien Cortaredona, Cassandra Thelemaque, Lea Touri, Gladys Ferrere, Sylvère Durand, Emeline Colomba, Corinne Balleyguier, Eric Solary, Bernard La Scola, Damien Drubay, Claudia Grajeda-Iglesias, Frank Griscelli, Anne Florin, Suzanne Kazandjian, Laurence Albiges, Markus Maeurer, Garett Dunsmore, Fabrice Barlesi, Makoto Miyara, Mauro Piacentini, Pierre Ly, Marion Picard, Nathalie Lassau, Caroline Flament, Florian Scotté, Agathe Dubuisson, Giuseppe Ippolito, Safae Terrisse, Jean-Eudes Fahrner, Arielle Elkrief, Bertrand Routy, Marine Mazzenga, Laurence Zitvogel, Caroline Pradon, Imran Lahmar, Jean-Charles Soria, and Fanny Aprahamian
Subjects: biology, business.industry, Lymphocyte, Cancer, RNA virus, medicine.disease_cause, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Granzyme B, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunopathology, Immunology, medicine, biology.protein, Antibody, business, CD8, Coronavirus
Abstract: Patients with cancer are at higher risk of severe coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the mechanisms underlying virus-host interactions during cancer therapies remain elusive. When comparing nasopharyngeal swabs from cancer and non-cancer patients for RT-qPCR cycle thresholds measuring acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 1063 patients (58% with cancer, 89% COVID-19+), we found that malignant disease favors the magnitude and duration of viral RNA shedding concomitant with prolonged serum elevations of type 1 IFN that anticorrelated with anti-RBD IgG antibodies. Chronic viral RNA carriers exhibited the typical immunopathology of severe COVID-19 at the early phase of infection including circulation of immature neutrophils, depletion of non-conventional monocytes and a general lymphopenia that, however, was accompanied by a rise in plasmablasts, activated follicular T helper cells, and non-naive Granzyme B+ FasL+, EomehighTCF-1high, PD-1+CD8+ Tc1 cells. Virus-induced lymphopenia worsened cancer-associated lymphocyte loss, and low lymphocyte counts correlated with chronic SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding, COVID-19 severity and a higher risk of cancer-related death in the first and second surge of the pandemic. Lymphocyte loss correlated with significant changes in metabolites from the polyamine and biliary salt pathways as well as increased blood DNA from Enterobacteriaceae and Micrococcaceae gut family members in long term viral carriers. We surmise that cancer therapies may exacerbate the paradoxical association between lymphopenia and COVID-19-related immunopathology, and that the prevention of COVID-19-induced lymphocyte loss may reduce cancer-associated death.
Published: 2021
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24. T-cell bispecific antibodies in node-positive breast cancer: novel therapeutic avenue for MHC class I loss variants

Author: Mélodie Bonvalet, Anne Caignard, Yu Fu, Thanos P. Mourikis, François Ghiringhelli, Cecile Vicier, Judith Michels, Suzette Delaloge, Fanny Jaulin, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Guido Kroemer, Bertrand Routy, Semih Dogan, Stephen John Sammut, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Caroline Flament, Fabrice Andre, M. Lacroix-Trikki, Laurence Zitvogel, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Meriem Messaoudene, Wei Cope, Aurélien Marabelle, Carlos Caldas, Nicolas Jacquelot, S. Cotteret, Monica Arnedos, Nicholas McGranahan, Aurélie Fluckiger, and Maria Paula Roberti
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Receptor, ErbB-2, T cell, Breast Neoplasms, Human leukocyte antigen, Major histocompatibility complex, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Carcinoembryonic antigen, Immune system, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, MHC class I, Antibodies, Bispecific, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Biomarkers, Tumor, Medicine, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Prospective Studies, biology, business.industry, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Genetic Variation, Hematology, Prognosis, Chemotherapy regimen, Neoadjuvant Therapy, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Lymphatic Metastasis, biology.protein, Cancer research, Female, Lymph Nodes, Antibody, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Background Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) represent a prognostic factor for survival in primary breast cancer (BC). Nonetheless, neoepitope load and TILs cytolytic activity are modest in BC, compromising the efficacy of immune-activating antibodies, which do not yet compete against immunogenic chemotherapy. Patients and methods We analyzed by functional flow cytometry the immune dynamics of primary and metastatic axillary nodes [metastatic lymph nodes (mLN)] in early BC (EBC) after exposure to T-cell bispecific antibodies (TCB) bridging CD3e and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) or Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5 (CEACAM5), before and after chemotherapy. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I loss was assessed by whole exome sequencing and immunohistochemistry. One hundred primary BC, 64 surrounding ‘healthy tissue’ and 24 mLN-related parameters were analyzed. Results HLA loss of heterozygosity was observed in EBC, at a clonal and subclonal level and was associated with regulatory T cells and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain-3 expression restraining the immuno-stimulatory effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. TCB bridging CD3e and HER2 or CEACAM5 could bypass major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I loss, partially rescuing T-cell functions in mLN. Conclusion TCB should be developed in BC to circumvent low MHC/peptide complexes.
Published: 2019

25. Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1–based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors

Author: Caroline Flament, Christophe Klein, Gladys Ferrere, Laura Mondragón, Coureche Kaderbhai, Meriem Messaoudene, Bertrand Routy, B. Escudier, Hira Rizvi, Jordi Remon Masip, Lisa Derosa, Gérard Zalcman, Nicolas Jacquelot, Conrad Rauber, Kristina Iribarren, François Ghiringhelli, Nathalie Galleron, Nicolas Pons, Romain Daillère, Jean-Charles Soria, Matthew D. Hellmann, Marine Fidelle, Eric Deutsch, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Laura Mezquita, Benoit Quinquis, Corentin Richard, Bo Qu, Aurélie Fluckiger, Patrick Gonin, Céline Clémenson, Yohann Loriot, Paule Opolon, Connie P.M. Duong, Laurence Zitvogel, Maria Paula Roberti, C. Naltet, Bernhard Ryffel, Guido Kroemer, Laurence Albiges, Veronique Minard-Colin, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Maryam Tidjani Alou, Florence Levenez, Didier Raoult, François Goldwasser, Solenn Brosseau, Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie (UMR 1015), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), MetaGenoPolis, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Role des Cellules Dendritiques Dans la Regulation des Effecteurs de l'Immunite Antitumorale, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Paris - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UP Médecine Paris Centre), Université de Paris (UP), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 996 - DHU Hépatinov, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay (IBITECS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Oncologie thoracique, Département de médecine oncologique [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Service d'Oncologie Thoracique [ Bichat], Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Département d'oncologie médicale [Centre Georges-François Leclerc], Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Plateforme de transfert en biologie cancérologique [Dijon], Centre d'épidémiologie des populations (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), Université Paris-Saclay, Immunologie et Neurogénétique Expérimentales et Moléculaires (INEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Département de cancérologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent [Gustave Roussy], Migrations internationales, espaces et sociétés (MIGRINTER UMR 7301), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, Radiothérapie moléculaire (UMR 1030), Département de radiothérapie [Gustave Roussy], Biomarqueurs prédictifs et nouvelles stratégies moléculaires en thérapeutique anticancéreuse (U981), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Oncologie génito-urinaire, Service de pneumologie [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plateforme de métabolomique, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Dpt of Women's and Children's Health [Stockholm], Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 - Faculté de médecine (UP11 UFR Médecine), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Gustave Roussy Course of Excellence in Oncology-Fondation Philanthropia, McGill University Townsend hematology research fellowship award, Ligue contre le Cancer (equipe labelisee), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)-Projets blancs, ANR under the frame of E-Rare-2 (ERA-Net for Research on Rare Diseases), Association pour la recherche sur le cancer (ARC), Canceropole Ile-de-France, Institut National du Cancer (INCa), Institut Universitaire de France, Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM), European Research Council (ERC), LeDucq Foundation, LabEx Immuno-Oncology, SIRIC Stratified Oncology Cell DNA Repair and Tumor Immune Elimination (SOCRATE), SIRIC Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (CARPEM), Paris Alliance of Cancer Research Institutes (PACRI), philanthropia, European Project: 257144,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-two-stage,ARTFORCE(2011), Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), UFR Médecine [Santé] - Université Paris Cité (UFR Médecine UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Université Paris-Sud 11 - Faculté de médecine (UP11 UFR Médecine), Plateforme histo-cyto-pathologies (PHCP), Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse (AMMICa), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INRA US1367 MetaGenoPolis, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Immunologie et embryologie moléculaires (IEM), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Apoptose, cancer et immunité (Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le cancer - CRC - Inserm U1138), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers (CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie ( UMR 1015 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), MetaGénoPolis, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers ( CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Plateforme histo-cyto-pathologies ( PHCP ), Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse ( AMMICa ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ), Unité de radiothérapie moléculaire ( UMR 1030 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Institute, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Receptors, CXCR3, medicine.drug_class, T-Lymphocytes, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Antibiotics, CCR9, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, CXCR3, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Feces, Mice, Receptors, CCR, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Verrucomicrobia, Neoplasms, medicine, Animals, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multidisciplinary, biology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Cancer, Immunotherapy, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Interleukin-12, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, 3. Good health, Blockade, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, CD4 Antigens, Immunology, biology.protein, Metagenome, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Antibody, Akkermansia muciniphila
Abstract: Good bacteria help fight cancer Resident gut bacteria can affect patient responses to cancer immunotherapy (see the Perspective by Jobin). Routy et al. show that antibiotic consumption is associated with poor response to immunotherapeutic PD-1 blockade. They profiled samples from patients with lung and kidney cancers and found that nonresponding patients had low levels of the bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila . Oral supplementation of the bacteria to antibiotic-treated mice restored the response to immunotherapy. Matson et al. and Gopalakrishnan et al. studied melanoma patients receiving PD-1 blockade and found a greater abundance of “good” bacteria in the guts of responding patients. Nonresponders had an imbalance in gut flora composition, which correlated with impaired immune cell activity. Thus, maintaining healthy gut flora could help patients combat cancer. Science , this issue p. 91 , p. 104 , p. 97 ; see also p. 32
Published: 2018
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26. L’expression des récepteurs de chimiokines à la surface des lymphocytes T reflète la dissémination métastatique du mélanome

Author: Stéphane Dalle, Nicolas Jacquelot, Caroline Flament, David Enot, and Laurence Zitvogel
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, business.industry, Medicine, General Medicine, business, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Published: 2016
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27. Predictors of responses to immune checkpoint blockade in advanced melanoma

Author: Brigitte Dréno, Caroline Flament, Nicolas Jacquelot, B. Balme, Yaron Meirow, Mitchell P. Levesque, Jeffrey S. Weber, Christophe Borg, Lawrence Fong, Amir Khammari, Guido Kroemer, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Morten Hartvig Hansen, Ignacio Melero, Gorana Tomasic, Henrik Schmidt, Meriem Messaoudene, Andrea Cavalcanti, Maria Paula Roberti, Sarah Jegou, Yoshinobu Koguchi, Stefan Michiels, Moshe Sade-Feldman, Michal Baniyash, Ana C. Anderson, Byoung S. Kwon, Lieping Chen, Aurélien Marabelle, David Enot, Arun Burra, Inge Marie Svane, Stéphane Dalle, A.M. Di Giacomo, Dirk Schadendorf, Nils Ternès, Laurence Zitvogel, Reinhard Dummer, Andressa L. Sodre, Serena S. Kwek, O Beatrix, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, David M. Woods, Benjamin Weide, Mark J. Smyth, Michele Maio, Maha Ayyoub, François Aubin, Connie P.M. Duong, Michal Lotem, Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie (UMR 1015), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Plateforme de métabolomique, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers (CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de biostatistique et d'épidémiologie (SBE), Direction de la recherche clinique [Gustave Roussy], Microorganismes et physiopathologie intestinale (ERL INSERM U1157 - CNRS UMR 7203), Laboratoire des biomolécules (LBM UMR 7203), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center [New York, NY, USA], New York University Langone Medical Center (NYU Langone Medical Center), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Department of Hematology and Oncology [Herlev, Denmark], Copenhagen University Hospital, The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology [Jerusalem, Israel], The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School -BioMedical Research institute Israel Canada of the Faculty of Medicine [Jerusalem, Israel], Division of Hematology-Oncology [San Francisco, CA, USA] (Department of Medicine), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, Department of Immunobiology [New Haven, CT, USA] (Yale School of Medicine), Yale University [New Haven], Eutilex Co., Ltd [Seoul, Korea], Section of Clinical Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology [New Orleans, LA, USA] (Department of Medicine), Tulane University Health Sciences Center [New Orleans, LA, USA], Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases [Boston, MA, USA] (Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases), Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Dermatology [Tubingen, Germany], University Medical Center [Tubingen, Germany], Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (EA 3181) (CEF2P / CARCINO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service d'Oncologie Médicale [CHRU Besançon], Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (UMR INSERM 1098) (RIGHT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Pathologie [CHU Lyon-Sud - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Département de biologie et pathologie médicales [Gustave Roussy], Division of Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy [Siena, Italy], University Hospital of Siena, Department of Dermatology [Heidelberg, Germany], University Duisburg-Essen [Germany]-University Hospital [Heidelberg, Germany]-Germany & German Cancer Consortium - DKTZ [Heidelberg, Germany], Division of Hepatology and Gene Therapy (CIMA), Center for Applied Medical Research [Plamplona] (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV)-Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), Oncology Department [Pamplona, Spain], University Clinic of Navarra - CUN [Pamplona, Spain], Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Oncologia [Pamplona, Spain] (CIBERO), Clinical and Translational Research in Skin Cancer (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 2), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Department of Dermatology [Zürich, Switzerland], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)-University hospital of Zurich [Zurich], Earle A. Chiles Research Institute [Portland, OR, USA], Providence Portland Medical Center-Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Sharett Institute of Oncology [Jerusalem, Israel], Hadassah Medical Organization [Jerusalem, Israel], Department of Oncology [Aarhus, Denmark], Aarhus University Hospital, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Apoptose, cancer et immunité (Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le cancer - CRC - Inserm U1138), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Pôle de biologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Département de chirurgie générale [Gustave Roussy], Service de dermatologie, Département de médecine oncologique [Gustave Roussy], Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory [Herston, QLD, Australia], QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine [Herston, QLD, Australia], University of Southern Queensland (USQ), This work was supported by Institut National du Cancer INCa, ANR, Ligue contre le cancer (équipe labellisée de L.Z.) and Swiss Bridge Foundation, ISREC Foundation, LABEX OncoImmunology, la direction générale de l’offre de soins (DGOS), Université Paris-Sud, SIRIC SOCRATE (INCa/DGOS/INSERM 6043), PACRI network and PIA2 TORINO-LUMIERE. N.J. received a fellowship from Cancéropole Idf. M.J.S. was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Senior Principal Research Fellowship., Bernardo, Elizabeth, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (UR 3181) (CEF2P / CARCINO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen]-University Hospital [Heidelberg, Germany]-Germany & German Cancer Consortium - DKTZ [Heidelberg, Germany], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_treatment, Medizin, General Physics and Astronomy, 0302 clinical medicine, METASTATIC MELANOMA, TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES, lcsh:Science, Cancer, screening and diagnosis, Multidisciplinary, CD137, 3. Good health, Detection, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Patient Safety, BREAST-CANCER PATIENTS, Nivolumab, Adjuvant, CIRCULATING SOLUBLE FAS, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, CELL LUNG-CANCER, Science, PROGNOSTIC IMPACT, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Ipilimumab, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, Journal Article, STAGE-III MELANOMA, medicine, CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE, business.industry, UNTREATED MELANOMA, General Chemistry, Immune checkpoint, Blockade, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, 030104 developmental biology, COMBINED NIVOLUMAB, Immunology, lcsh:Q, business, CD8
Abstract: Immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) have become pivotal therapies in the clinical armamentarium against metastatic melanoma (MMel). Given the frequency of immune related adverse events and increasing use of ICB, predictors of response to CTLA-4 and/or PD-1 blockade represent unmet clinical needs. Using a systems biology-based approach to an assessment of 779 paired blood and tumor markers in 37 stage III MMel patients, we analyzed association between blood immune parameters and the functional immune reactivity of tumor-infiltrating cells after ex vivo exposure to ICB. Based on this assay, we retrospectively observed, in eight cohorts enrolling 190 MMel patients treated with ipilimumab, that PD-L1 expression on peripheral T cells was prognostic on overall and progression-free survival. Moreover, detectable CD137 on circulating CD8+ T cells was associated with the disease-free status of resected stage III MMel patients after adjuvant ipilimumab + nivolumab (but not nivolumab alone). These biomarkers should be validated in prospective trials in MMel., The clinical management of metastatic melanoma requires predictors of the response to checkpoint blockade. Here, the authors use immunological assays to identify potential prognostic/predictive biomarkers in circulating blood cells and in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients with resected stage III melanoma.
Published: 2017
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28. Potent Immunomodulatory Effects of the Trifunctional Antibody Catumaxomab

Author: Caroline Flament, Dominique Elias, Laurence Zitvogel, Isabelle Martins, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Diane Goéré, Oliver Kepp, Nathalie Chaput, Julien Pesquet, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, and Alexander M.M. Eggermont
Subjects: Adult, Cancer Research, T-Lymphocytes, Catumaxomab, Lymphocyte Activation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Antigen, Antibodies, Bispecific, medicine, Humans, Aged, Ovarian Neoplasms, CD40, biology, Ascites, Epithelial cell adhesion molecule, Middle Aged, Flow Cytometry, Trifunctional antibody, Coculture Techniques, Oncology, chemistry, Cancer research, biology.protein, Cytokines, Immunogenic cell death, Female, CD8, CD80, Signal Transduction, medicine.drug
Abstract: Catumaxomab (CatmAb), a trifunctional bispecific antibody directed against the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and the T-cell antigen CD3, is approved as intraperitoneal therapy for the treatment of malignant ascites in patients with EpCAM-positive carcinomas. The immunomonitoring results of a phase II/III study using CatmAb revealed a tumoricidal effect associated with reduced VEGF levels, CD69-expressing T cells, and the release of T-helper cell (TH)-1 cytokines. We comprehensively dissected the immunomodulatory effects of the CatmAb on the major subsets of malignant ascites-infiltrating leukocytes and the molecular fingerprint of tumor cell death. Herein we show that in the presence of EpCAM-positive tumor targets, CatmAb markedly enhanced T-cell activation [CD69, CD107A (LAMP1), HLA-DR and PD-1(PDCD1) expression] and stimulated inflammatory CD4+ TH1 and CD8+ TH1 to release IFN-γ but failed to trigger TH17 cells. Engagement of CD16-expressing cells caused upregulation of TRAIL (TNFSF10) and costimulatory CD40 and CD80 molecules. CatmAb promoted tumor cell death associated with ATP release and strongly synergized with oxaliplatin for the exposure of the three hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (calreticulin, HMGB1, and ATP). These findings warrant validation as potential biomarkers of efficacy of CatmAb. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4663–73. ©2013 AACR.
Published: 2013
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29. Immune Infiltrates Are Prognostic Factors in Localized Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Author: Jean-François Emile, Frédéric Commo, Nadege Vimond, Guido Kroemer, Axel Le Cesne, Dirk Jäger, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Philippe Terrier, Federico Garrido, Laurence Zitvogel, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Jean-Yves Blay, Paule Opolon, Nicolas Isambert, Valérie Le Brun-Ly, Mélanie Desbois, Patrice Dubreuil, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Isabelle Cremer, Nathalie Chaput, Michaela Semeraro, Niels Halama, Rosa Mendez, Loic Chaigneau, Kariman Chaba, Caroline Flament, Clara Locher, Ángel Concha, Sylvie Bonvalot, Jean-Michel Coindre, Matthieu Sarabi, and Anne Caignard
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cancer Research, Stromal cell, CD3 Complex, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, T-Lymphocytes, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Biology, Piperazines, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, medicine, Humans, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, neoplasms, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, GiST, Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 1, FOXP3, Cancer, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Middle Aged, Flow Cytometry, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, CD56 Antigen, 3. Good health, Killer Cells, Natural, Immunosurveillance, Pyrimidines, Treatment Outcome, Imatinib mesylate, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Benzamides, Multivariate Analysis, Immunology, Imatinib Mesylate, Cancer research, Female, CD8
Abstract: Cancer immunosurveillance relies on effector/memory tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells with a T-helper cell 1 (TH1) profile. Evidence for a natural killer (NK) cell-based control of human malignancies is still largely missing. The KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate markedly prolongs the survival of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) by direct effects on tumor cells as well as by indirect immunostimulatory effects on T and NK cells. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) expressing CD3, Foxp3, or NKp46 (NCR1) in a cohort of patients with localized GIST. We found that CD3+ TIL were highly activated in GIST and were especially enriched in areas of the tumor that conserve class I MHC expression despite imatinib mesylate treatment. High densities of CD3+ TIL predicted progression-free survival (PFS) in multivariate analyses. Moreover, GIST were infiltrated by a homogeneous subset of cytokine-secreting CD56bright (NCAM1) NK cells that accumulated in tumor foci after imatinib mesylate treatment. The density of the NK infiltrate independently predicted PFS and added prognostic information to the Miettinen score, as well as to the KIT mutational status. NK and T lymphocytes preferentially distributed to distinct areas of tumor sections and probably contributed independently to GIST immunosurveillance. These findings encourage the prospective validation of immune biomarkers for optimal risk stratification of patients with GIST. Cancer Res; 73(12); 3499–510. ©2013 AACR.
Published: 2013
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30. Melanoma and immunotherapy bridge 2015 : Naples, Italy. 1-5 December 2015

Author: Erik Wennerberg, Gabriele Madonna, Gennaro Ciliberto, Michele Minopoli, Caroline Dutriaux, Matthew Wongchenko, Elisabetta Gambale, David F. Stroncek, Céleste Lebbé, Ani S. Balmanoukian, Gianluca Di Monta, Vincenzo Ingangi, Soldano Ferrone, Ivan Marquez-Rodas, Giuseppe Masucci, Janis M. Taube, Simona Mastroeni, Gerardo Bott, Franck Pagès, Jonathan M. Pitt, Judit Olasz, Elisabetta Panza, Paola Michelozzi, Daniil Stoyakovskiy, Stéphane Dalle, Mario Sznol, John M. Kirkwood, Keith T. Flaherty, Maria Capuano, Amalia Azzariti, Edward Cha, Peter Boasberg, Maria Godeny, Angela Gismondi, Ornella Franzese, Giusy Gentilcore, Jean-Jacques Grob, Olivier Michielin, Adina Elena Stanciu, Giuseppe Cirino, Julien Fourcade, Nelofer Syed, Giuseppe Ercolano, Caroline Robert, Ascierto Paolo Antonio, Christine K. Gause, Silviu Voinea, Adeeb Rahman, Anne Caignard, Camila Flores, Cristina Fortes, Yuya Yoshimoto, Angela Sandru, Andras Szollar, Monica Cantile, Frederic Lehmann, Maria Libera Ascierto, Sacha Gnjatic, Marco Tucci, Rosa Russo, Giuseppina Liguori, Valeria De Biasio, David Ross Kaufman, Mary Ruisi, Ewa Kalinka-Warzocha, Phillip Wong, Rosaria Falcon, Vincenzo Faiola, Nicole Richie, Lars Ny, Miri Blank, Paola De Cicco, Anna Passarelli, Jean-François Baurain, Guido Kroemer, Claudio Jommi, Francesca Capone, Maria Teresa Fierro, Tracee L. McMiller, Lev V. Demidov, Alessandro Testori, Omid Hamid, Marone Ugo, Annamaria Anniciello, Andrew J. Park, Fara De Murtas, RuthAnn Gordan, Emil Farkas, David Hogg, Alessandra Di Paolo, Mark Maurer, Yangyang Wang, Mario Mandalà, Rodabe N. Amaria, Massimiliano Di Marzo, Stefania Guida, Luigi Fattore, Veronica Huber, Ludmila Danilova, Luigi Aurisicchio, Gabriella Aquino, Domenico Mallardo, Catriona M. McNeil, Stephanie Anne Kronenberg, Consiglia Carella, Theresa S. Pritchard, Katia Bifulco, Michaela Semeraro, Carlo M. Croce, David P. Enot, Laurence Zitvogel, Marcella Occelli, Benjamin Weide, Magdalena Thurin, Margherita Cerrone, Naiyer A. Rizvi, Blessing Agunwamba, Stella D'Oronzo, Sarah Jegou, Stucci Stefania, Drew M. Pardoll, Vito Michele Garrisi, Haidong Tang, Szabolcs Horvath, Hong Wang, Benjamin Brady, Antonio Doronzo, Claudia Marino, Xian He, Michael A. Davies, Hexiao Wang, Isabelle Rooney, Orsolya Csuka, Maurizio Nudo, Lance Leopold, Jeffrey S. Wasser, Sabino Strippoli, Silvia Ch Formenti, MariaLaura Foddai, Michael A. Postow, Robert H.I. Andtbacka, Paul Lorigan, Tommy Andersson, Naoko Imai, Ari VanderWalde, Mariaelena Capone, Ilsung Chang, Laura Lattanzio, Carmen Loquai, Arantxa Sancho, Christine Horak, Federica Sallusto, Timea Balatoni, Maha Ayyoub, Angela Santoni, Alessio Caggiati, Anna Lisa De Presbiteris, Henrik Schmidt, Paola Savoia, Pontus Berglund, Igor Puzanov, Aurélien Marabelle, Ana Carrizossa Anderson, Hassane M. Zarour, Maria Wolodarski, Patrick Hwu, Joel Jiang, Pio Zeppa, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Eugenio Fernandez, Susan Costantini, Marcus Ballinger, Luc Thomas, Leslie Cope, Rolf Kiessling, Christophe Borg, Francesca Platini, Florian Stratica, Tilman T. Rau, Craig L. Slingluff, Paolo A. Ascierto, Angela Ianaro, Harriet M. Kluger, Stephen Hodi, Tara C. Gangadhar, Claire Vanpouille-Box, Caroline Flament, Hearn J. Cho, Mannavola Francesco, Takahiro Yamazaki, Charles G. Drake, Jason J. Luke, Miklos Kasler, Linda Pan, Caracò Corrado, Alfonso Berrocal, Angel Rivera, Vera Hirsh, Eduardo J. Patriarca, Giovanni Di Giulio, Antonello Pessi, Helena Stabile, Helene Hardy, Tucci Marco, Ralph Venhaus, Maria Luisa Di Cecilia, Catherine A. Harwood, Jonathan Cebon, Anna Maria Anniciello, Grant A. McArthur, Carlo Baldi, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Shelley Coleman, Gil Bar-Sela, Axel Hauschild, Byoung S. Kwon, Maria Paula Roberti, Sabin Cinca, Tiziana Cocco, Valeria Sorrentino, Jeffrey Wallin, Rosa Camerlingo, Sandra Demaria, Jedd D. Wolchok, Isabel Poschke, Alessandro Lugli, Michael B. Atkins, Andrea Cavalcanti, Laura Marra, Rosamaria Pinto, Adam D. Cohen, Michele Maio, Weiyi Peng, Rosario Guarrasi, David Enot, Antoni Ribas, Oscar Alabiso, Chiara Armogida, Silvestris Franco, Jessica C. Hassel, Rita Mancini, Michele Guida, Silvia C. Formenti, Andrea P. Sponghini, Imma Maida, Alba Zappalà, Charlotte M. Proby, Alan J. Korman, Yibing Yan, Matias Chacon, Haiying Xu, Carolin Blattner, Maria-Paula Roberti, Lisa Chen, James Larkin, Ryan J. Sullivan, Madonna Gabriele, Nadege Vimond, Cosmo Di Donna, Farnaz Moradi, Manish R. Patel, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Francesca Passarelli, Luis de la Cruz-Merino, Nicolas Jacquelot, Roberta Miceli, Viktor Umansky, Akos Savolt, David Rondonotti, Gabriella Liszkay, Jianda Yuan, Stefani Spranger, Yufan Zhao, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Todd M. Bauer, Claus Garbe, Joe-Marc Chauvin, Achim A. Jungbluth, Cristiana Lo Nigro, Alexander M. Lesokhin, Gabriella Guida, Brigitte Dréno, Cindy Sanders, Jeffrey S. Weber, Janet Maleski, Chris Cheadle, Romain Daillère, Isabella Sperduti, Michaele Maio, Claudia Felici, Parneet K. Cheema, Concetta Ragone, Johan Hansson, Klara Eles, Victoria Atkinson, Speiser Daniel, Daniel O. Koralek, Zhaojun Sun, Debora Malpicci, Elena Marra, Rickard Linnskog, Jeffrey Chou, Yang Wang, Eugenia Panaitescu, F. Stephen Hodi, Anthony J. Olszanski, Chiara Botti, Nicola Mozzillo, Anna Ferretta, Paul B. Chapman, Michaë la Semeraro, Belinda Palermo, Francesco Sabbatino, Neil H. Segal, Yago Pico de Coaña, Tseng-hui Timothy Chen, Ornella Pagliano, John B. A. G. Haanen, Huibin Yue, Emilia Caputo, Alan E. Berger, Simona De Summa, Nikoletta Lendvai, Paola Queirolo, Francesco Mannavola, Thomas F. Gajewski, Michele De Tursi, Paola Nisticò, Karen Briscoe, Karmele Mujika Eizmendi, Maria Vincenza Carrier, Passarelli Anna, Laurent Mortier, Crescenzo D'Alterio, Jorge Camarero, Licia Rivoltini, Pietro Quaglino, Davide Quaresmini, Marie Vétizou, Anna Maria Di Giacomo, Chandra Prakash Prasad, Riccardo Bono, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, David Smith, Capone Mariaelena, Giosuè Scognamiglio, Margaret K. Callahan, Vashisht Gopal Yennu Nanda, Fabiola Gilda Cordaro, George J. Netto, Madalina Bolovan, Federica Fratangelo, Josep Malvehy, Robert A. Anders, Karsten A. Pilones, Vincenzo C. Battarra, Karin Leandersson, Maria Letizia Motti, Yang Xin Fu, Tim Crook, Sarah Nataraj, Alastair M. Thompson, Franco Silvestris, Carolina Cauchi, Georgina V. Long, Holbrook E Kohrt, Giuseppe Pirozzi, Celeste Fusciello, Marco Carlo Merlano, François Aubin, Mozzillo Nicola, Giuseppe Cirin, Stefania Scala, Suzanne L. Topalian, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Antonio Marra, Jinshui Fan, Reinhard Dummer, Federica Zito Marino, Amanda Ralabate, Matthew M. Burke, Piotr Rutkowski, Gerardo Botti, Stefano Pepe, Ivor Caro, and Stefania Tommasi
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, business.industry, MEDLINE, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Bridge (interpersonal), General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medicine, Medical emergency, business
Published: 2016

31. Cyclophosphamide Induces Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Cancer Patients

Author: Caroline Flament, Sophie Viaud, Mustapha Zoubir, Vincent Ribrag, Jean-Charles Soria, Nathalie Chaput, Patricia Pautier, Virginie Marty, Caroline Robert, A. Lecesne, Laurence Zitvogel, and Philippe Vielh
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cancer Research, Cyclophosphamide, medicine.medical_treatment, Melanoma, Experimental, medicine.disease_cause, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Piperazines, Autoimmunity, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Neoplasms, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, medicine, Animals, Humans, Inducer, Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating, Aged, business.industry, Melanoma, Cancer, Cell Differentiation, Immunotherapy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Lymphocyte Subsets, Nitrogen mustard, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Pyrimidines, Imatinib mesylate, Oncology, chemistry, Benzamides, Immunology, Imatinib Mesylate, Cancer research, Interleukin-2, Th17 Cells, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Low doses of the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CTX) mediate antiangiogenic and immunostimulatory effects, leading to potent tumoricidal activity in association with various immunotherapeutic strategies. Here, we show in rodents and cancer patients that CTX markedly promotes the differentiation of CD4+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells that can be recovered in both blood and tumor beds. However, CTX does not convert regulatory T cells into Th17 cells. Because Th17 are potent inducers of tissue inflammation and autoimmunity, these results suggest impact on the clinical management of various types of malignancies treated with alkylating agents and a potential need to optimize CTX-based immunotherapy in patients. Cancer Res; 71(3); 661–5. ©2010 AACR.
Published: 2011
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32. Enterococcus hirae and Barnesiella intestinihominis Facilitate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Therapeutic Immunomodulatory Effects

Author: Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Silvia C. Formenti, Alexander M. M. Eggermont, Christophe Isnard, Elisabeth Chachaty, Didier Raoult, Maria Paula Roberti, Harry Sokol, Patricia Lepage, Encouse B. Golden, David Enot, Ivo G. Boneca, Guido Kroemer, Laurence Zitvogel, Nicolas Jacquelot, Mutsa Tatenda Madondo, Mathias Chamaillard, Jean-Charles Soria, Caroline Flament, Philip Rosenstiel, Marie Vétizou, Takahiro Yamazaki, Romain Daillère, Antoine Roux, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Sonia Becharef, Vincent Cattoir, Nadine Waldschmitt, Bertrand Routy, Paul Louis Woerther, Magdalena Plebanski, Eric Tartour, Lionel Apetoh, Philippe Langella, Connie P.M. Duong, Ludger Johannes, Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie (UMR 1015), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers (CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Département d'oncologie médicale [Centre Georges-François Leclerc], Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Plateforme de métabolomique, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Apoptose, cancer et immunité (U848), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de biologie [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Chimie biologique des membranes et ciblage thérapeutique (CBMCT - UMR 3666 / U1143), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbiologie, Département de biologie et pathologie médicales [Gustave Roussy], Université Paris-Saclay, Department Radiation Oncology (Weill Cornell Medicine), Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], Monash University [Clayton], Unabhängiges Landeszentrum für Datenschutz Schleswig-Holstein [Kiel, Germany] (ULD), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Biologie et Génétique de la Paroi bactérienne - Biology and Genetics of Bacterial Cell Wall (BGPB), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), La Ligue contre le cancer, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Equipes labellisees), European Research Council Advanced Investigator Grant, Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM), Institut National du Cancer (INCa), Fondation de France, LabEx Immuno-Oncology, SIRIC Stratified Oncology Cell DNA Repair and Tumor Immune Elimination (SOCRATE), SIRIC, Paris Alliance of Cancer Research Institutes (PACRI), ISREC, Swiss Bridge Foundation, NIH [R01 CA161879], FRM [DEQ20130326475], INCa [Plbio-2012-106], Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR- 13-BSV3-0014-01], Association pour la Recherche contre le cancer [PGA120140200851], Ministere de l'enseignement superieur et de la recherche, Institut de veille sanitaire (InVS), Interreg IVA France (Manche) - Angleterre (Risk Manche), Anti-Cancer Fund, Monash PhD Scholarship, NHMRC SRF Award, DFG CE Inflammation at Interfaces, European Union's FP7 [305564, SFB1182 TP C2], Service de Gastroentérologie et nutrition [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Curie-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU AMU), Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie ( UMR 1015 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 8204 ( CIIL ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR142-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens ( U2RM ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers ( CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé humaine ( MICALIS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Apoptose, cancer et immunité ( U848 ), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire ( PARCC - U970 ), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Chimie biologique des membranes et ciblage thérapeutique ( CBMCT - UMR 3666 / U1143 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut Curie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Unabhängiges Landeszentrum für Datenschutz Schleswig-Holstein [Kiel, Germany] ( ULD ), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection ( IHU AMU ), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes ( URMITE ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Biologie et Génétique de la Paroi bactérienne
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Richness, Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein, medicine.disease_cause, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Enterococcus hirae, NOD2, Neoplasms, Intestine, Small, [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Immunology and Allergy, Gut Microbiota, Cancer, biology, 3. Good health, Immunosurveillance, Infectious Diseases, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Barnesiella intestinihominis, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Immunotherapy, medicine.symptom, Infection, medicine.drug, Cyclophosphamide, Colon, Immunology, Translocation, Inflammation, 03 medical and health sciences, Interferon-gamma, Immune system, Monitoring, Immunologic, medicine, Animals, Immunologic Factors, Antitumor Immunity, Bacteria, Dendritic Cells, Th1 Cells, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030104 developmental biology, Intestinal Microbiota, Ovarian cancer, Immunologic Memory
Abstract: International audience; The efficacy of the anti-cancer immunomodulatory agent cyclophosphamide (CTX) relies on intestinal bacteria. How and which relevant bacterial species are involved in tumor immunosurveillance, and their mechanism of action are unclear. Here, we identified two bacterial species, Enterococcus hirae and Barnesiella intestinihominis that are involved during CTX therapy. Whereas E. hirae translocated from the small intestine to secondary lymphoid organs and increased the intratumoral CD8/ Treg ratio, B. intestinihominis accumulated in the colon and promoted the infiltration of IFN-gamma-producing gamma delta Tau cells in cancer lesions. The immune sensor, NOD2, limited CTX-induced cancer immunosurveillance and the bioactivity of these microbes. Finally, E. hirae and B. intestinihominis specific-memory Th1 cell immune responses selectively predicted longer progression-free survival in advanced lung and ovarian cancer patients treated with chemo-immunotherapy. Altogether, E. hirae and B. intestinihominis represent valuable ''oncomicrobiotics'' ameliorating the efficacy of the most common alkylating immunomodulatory compound.
Published: 2015
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33. Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota

Author: Elisabeth Chachaty, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Jérôme Nigou, Antoine Roux, Gérard Eberl, Caroline Robert, Nicolas Jacquelot, Caroline Flament, Laurence Zitvogel, Franck Carbonnel, Silvia C. Formenti, Guido Kroemer, Didier Raoult, Paul Louis Woerther, Nadine Waldschmitt, David Enot, Marie Vétizou, Jonathan M. Pitt, Sonia Becharef, Romain Daillère, Christina Mateus, Sascha Cording, Paule Opolon, Sridhar Mani, Connie P.M. Duong, Nathalie Chaput, Bertrand Routy, Takahiro Yamazaki, Patricia Lepage, Ivo G. Boneca, Marion Bérard, Mathias Chamaillard, Florent Ginhoux, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Maria Paula Roberti, Andreas Schlitzer, Encouse B. Golden, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie (UMR 1015), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers (CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Microenvironnement et Immunité - Microenvironment and Immunity, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Biomedical Sciences Institute (BMSI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], Animalerie centrale (Plate-forme), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse (AMMICa), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Pôle de biologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Biologie et Génétique de la Paroi bactérienne - Biology and Genetics of Bacterial Cell Wall, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Bicêtre, La Ligue contre le cancer, ARC, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Equipes labelisees), Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR AUTOPH), Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ProdInra, Migration, and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Adoptive cell transfer, Skin Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, T-Lymphocytes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], B7-H1 Antigen, Mice, Cancer immunotherapy, Bacteroides, Innate, CTLA-4 Antigen, Melanoma, Cancer, Aged, 80 and over, Multidisciplinary, Host, Antibodies, Monoclonal, hemic and immune systems, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Intestines, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Immunotherapy, Adult, T cell, T-Cells, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Biology, Article, Polysaccharides, medicine, Germ-Free Life, Animals, Humans, Antibody, Aged, Molecule, medicine.disease, Ipilimumab, Blockade, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Transplantation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, CTLA-4, Immunology, Dysbiosis, Bifidobacterium, Immunologic Memory, Model
Abstract: International audience; Antibodies targeting CTLA-4 have been successfully used as cancer immunotherapy. We find that the antitumor effects of CTLA-4 blockade depend on distinct Bacteroides species. In mice and patients, Tcell responses specific for B. thetaiotaomicron or B. fragilis were associated with the efficacy of CTLA-4 blockade. Tumors in antibiotic-treated or germ-free mice did not respond to CTLA blockade. This defect was overcome by gavage with B. fragilis, by immunization with B. fragilis polysaccharides, or by adoptive transfer of B. fragilis-specific T cells. Fecal microbial transplantation from humans to mice confirmed that treatment of melanoma patients with antibodies against CTLA-4 favored the outgrowth of B. fragilis with anticancer properties. This study reveals a key role for Bacteroidales in the immunostimulatory effects of CTLA-4 blockade.
Published: 2015
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34. BCR/ABL Promotes Dendritic Cell–Mediated Natural Killer Cell Activation

Author: Caroline Flament, Erwin F. Wagner, François Guilhot, Anne Caignard, Christophe Borg, Magali Terme, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Carole Masurier, Alain Bernheim, Laurence Zitvogel, and Ali G. Turhan
Subjects: Cancer Research, Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl, Bone Marrow Cells, Mice, SCID, Biology, Ligands, Translocation, Genetic, Natural killer cell, Mice, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, Receptors, Immunologic, Antigen-presenting cell, neoplasms, Mice, Knockout, Lymphokine-activated killer cell, ABL, Gene Transfer Techniques, Dendritic Cells, Dendritic cell, NKG2D, Killer Cells, Natural, Mice, Inbred C57BL, medicine.anatomical_structure, Imatinib mesylate, Oncology, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, Cancer research, Receptors, Natural Killer Cell, Female, Natural killer cell activation
Abstract: BCR/ABL fusion gene, encoding a paradigmatic tyrosine kinase involved in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), can modulate the expression of genes involved in natural killer (NK) cell target recognition. Recent reports outline the role of allogeneic antileukemic NK effectors in the graft-versus-leukemia effect but the regulation of NK cell activation in the setting of graft-versus-leukemia effect remains unknown. Here we show that dendritic cells derived from monocytes of CML patients are selectively endowed with NK cell stimulatory capacity in vitro. We further show, using a gene transfer approach in mouse bone marrow progenitors, that ABL/ABL is necessary to promote dendritic cell–mediated NK cell activation. The dendritic cell/NK cell cross-talk in ABL/ABL-induced CML seems unique because JunB or IFN consensus sequence binding protein loss of functions, associated with other myeloproliferative disorders, do not promote dendritic cell–mediated NK cell activation. NK cell activation by leukemic dendritic cells involves NKG2D activating receptors and is blocked by imatinib mesylate. Indeed, ABL/ABL translocation enhances the expression levels of the NKG2D ligands on dendritic cells, which is counteracted by imatinib mesylate. Altogether, the clonal ABL/ABL dendritic cells display the unique and selective ability to activate NK cells and may participate in the NK cell control of CML. This study also highlights the deleterious role of imatinib mesylate at the dendritic cell level for NK cell activation.
Published: 2005
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35. Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Sorafenib: Role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D Triggering

Author: Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Christine Mateus, Yannick Jacques, Caroline Flament, Caroline Robert, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Nathalie Chaput, Danila Valmori, Philippe Dessen, Philippe Vielh, Erwan Mortier, Nicolas Jacquelot, Maha Ayyoub, Camillo Porta, Laurence Zitvogel, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Ana I. Romero, Anne Auperin, Anne Caignard, Meriem Messaoudene, Kariman Chaba, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie (UMR 1015), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers (CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRCNA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de biostatistique et d'épidémiologie (SBE), Direction de la recherche clinique [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Laboratoire de recherche translationnelle, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique (U1170 Inserm), Stabilité Génétique et Oncogenèse (UMR 8200), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation & University of Pavia, Service de dermatologie, Département de médecine oncologique [Gustave Roussy], Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest [Angers/Nantes] (UNICANCER/ICO), UNICANCER, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), This work was supported by Schering-Plough legacy, Bayer Schering Pharma, Institut National du Cancer INCa, ANR, Ligue contre le cancer (équipe labellisée de LZ) and INFLACARE EU grant, ISREC Foundation, SIRIC SOCRATES, LABEX OncoImmunology, PACRI network. S. Rusakiewicz and V. Poirier-Colame were supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM) and the Fondation de France respectively. A.I. Romero was supported by the Swedish Research Council., Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), and Mortier, Erwan
Subjects: Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ligands, 0302 clinical medicine, Enzymes -- Regulation, Vemurafenib, Melanoma, Interleukin-15, 0303 health sciences, Interleukin, Middle Aged, Sorafenib, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Oncology, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, CD4 Antigens, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, CD4 antigen, Adjuvant, medicine.drug, Adult, Niacinamide, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Killer cells, Cells -- Growth, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Cell Growth Processes, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Interleukin-15 Receptor alpha Subunit, Antigen, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Th1 cells, medicine, Humans, Antigens, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, Phenylurea Compounds, Th1 Cells, medicine.disease, NKG2D, Cancer research, business
Abstract: Beyond cancer-cell intrinsic factors, the immune status of the host has a prognostic impact on patients with cancer and influences the effects of conventional chemotherapies. Metastatic melanoma is intrinsically immunogenic, thereby facilitating the search for immune biomarkers of clinical responses to cytotoxic agents. Here, we show that a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib, upregulates interleukin (IL)-15Rα in vitro and in vivo in patients with melanoma, and in conjunction with natural killer (NK) group 2D (NKG2D) ligands, contributes to the Th1 polarization and accumulation of peripheral CD4+NKG2D+ T cells. Hence, the increase of blood CD4+NKG2D+ T cells after two cycles of sorafenib (combined with temozolomide) was associated with prolonged survival in a prospective phase I/II trial enrolling 63 patients with metastatic melanoma who did not receive vemurafenib nor immune checkpoint-blocking antibodies. In contrast, in metastatic melanoma patients treated with classical treatment modalities, this CD4+NKG2D+ subset failed to correlate with prognosis. These findings indicate that sorafenib may be used as an "adjuvant" molecule capable of inducing or restoring IL-15Rα/IL-15 in tumors expressing MHCclass I-related chain A/B (MICA/B) and on circulating monocytes of responding patients, hereby contributing to the bioactivity of NKG2D+ Th1 cells., peer-reviewed
Published: 2014
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36. An inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases suppresses TLR signaling and increases the susceptibility of cancer patients to herpesviridae

Author: Rosa Conforti, Mustapha Zoubir, Nathalie Chaput, Rastilav Bahleda, Laurence Zitvogel, Vassili Soumelis, Abdelaziz Gdoura, Elena Litvinova, Caroline Flament, Jean-Charles Soria, Guido Kroemer, and Sophie Viaud
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cyclin-dependent kinase, Interferon, Neoplasms, medicine, Humans, Pyrroles, Receptor, Molecular Biology, Cells, Cultured, Herpesviridae, Aged, biology, Kinase, Toll-Like Receptors, TLR9, Cancer, Cell Biology, Herpesviridae Infections, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cyclin-Dependent Kinases, TLR3, Immunology, biology.protein, Cancer research, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Pyrazoles, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Female, Disease Susceptibility, Immunosuppressive Agents, Developmental Biology, medicine.drug, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors have been considered as excellent drug candidates for cancer therapy owing to their potential capacity to restore cell cycle control. The first generation of CDK inhibitors showed modest clinical advantages that could be attributed to off-target effects preventing them from reaching therapeutic concentrations. A phase I dose-escalation study using the second generation multi-CDK inhibitor PHA-793887 was conducted on a total of 19 patients with advanced refractory malignancies in two sites in Europe: the University of Leeds and St. James's Institute of Oncology, Leeds, UK, and the Institut Gustave Roussy, Villeujf, France (IGR). Fifteen patients were treated at IGR. Six among these patients manifested the reactivation of herpes virus replication. In vitro experiments revealed that PHA-793887 severely impaired signaling by toll-like receptors (such as TLR3, TLR4 and TLR9) in dendritic cells (DC), thus suppressing the production of multiple cytokines (type 1 interferon, interleukin-6,-10, -12, and tumor necrosis factorα) by mature DC, as well as the DC-stimulated production of interferon-γ by natural killer cells. Pharmacological inhibition of glycogen synthase-3β (GSK-3β), one of the off-targets of PHA-793887, did not cause such immunological defects. Altogether, these data underscore a hitherto unsuspected immunosuppressive effect of PHA-793887.
Published: 2011

37. Alternatively spliced NKp30 isoforms affect the prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Author: Frédéric Commo, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Jean Franãois Emile, Caroline Flament, Jean-Yves Blay, Nicolas Ibrahim, Véronique Minard-Colin, Saadia Kerdine-Römer, Philippe Terrier, Jacques A. Nunès, Cédric Ménard, Pascale Paul, Benedita Rocha, Laurence Zitvogel, Kariman Chaba, Alessandro Moretta, Dominique Valteau-Couanet, Cristina Bottino, Javier Celis Gutierrez, Luc Lyonnet, A. Lecesne, Nathalie Chaput, Stephan Roux, Hélène Authier, Jean Michel Coindre, Matthieu Sarabi, Pascal Rihet, Véronique Baud, Nicolas F. Delahaye, Laetitia Peaudecerf, Isabelle Martins, Sylvie Bonvalot, Jan Tavernier, Eric Vivier, Nicolas Isambert, Michaela Semeraro, Isabelle Cremer, Marc Pallardy, Paule Opolon, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Guido Kroemer, Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie (UMR 1015), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers (CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Chirurgie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hospices Civiles de Marseille-Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION ), Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), School of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Recepteurs et Signalisation des Interleukines (U749), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Pédiatrie, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), Service d'anatomie pathologique [CHU Tenon], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Tenon [APHP], Département de biologie et pathologie médicales [Gustave Roussy], Vectorologie et transfert de gènes (VTG / UMR8121), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università di Genova, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita degli studi di Genova, Biochemistry, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques (IP-TPT), Service de Santé des Armées-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Département de pathologie, Institut Bergonié - CRLCC Bordeaux, Département de Médecine Nucléaire, Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Apoptose, cancer et immunité (U848), Plateforme de métabolomique, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Pôle de biologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Immunologie des tumeurs et immunothérapie ( UMR 1015 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire ( PARCC - U970 ), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut Jacques Monod ( IJM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers ( CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Hospices Civiles de Marseille-Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] ( LA CONCEPTION ), Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine ( UPD5 Médecine ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Recepteurs et Signalisation des Interleukines ( U749 ), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC (UMR_S 872) ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Tenon [APHP], Vectorologie et transfert de gènes ( VTG / UMR8121 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Genova, Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques ( IP-TPT ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Service de Santé des Armées-Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Apoptose, cancer et immunité ( U848 ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hospices Civiles de Marseille-Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Service de Santé des Armées, Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: MESH: Interleukin-12, MESH : Alternative Splicing, MESH: Protein Isoforms, MESH: Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1, 0302 clinical medicine, Interferon, [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Protein Isoforms, Receptor, MESH : Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, 0303 health sciences, MESH : Prognosis, MESH : Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, GiST, MESH : Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1, MESH: Alternative Splicing, MESH: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, MESH : Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Medicine, Prognosis, Interleukin-12, MESH: Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, Killer Cells, Natural, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, MESH : Killer Cells, Natural, Sarcoma, MESH: Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3, Tyrosine kinase, MESH: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, medicine.drug, MESH: Killer Cells, Natural, Gene isoform, MESH : Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3, MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, Stromal cell, MESH: Interferon-gamma, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, MESH : Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, MESH: Prognosis, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Interferon-gamma, Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1, Cell Line, Tumor, MESH : Interleukin-12, medicine, Humans, MESH : Interferon-gamma, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3, MESH : Cell Line, Tumor, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, MESH : Humans, MESH : Protein Isoforms, medicine.disease, Alternative Splicing, MESH: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Immunology, Cancer research, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; The natural killer (NK) cell receptor NKp30 is involved in the recognition of tumor and dendritic cells (DCs). Here we describe the influence of three NKp30 splice variants on the prognosis of gastrointestinal sarcoma (GIST), a malignancy that expresses NKp30 ligands and that is treated with NK-stimulatory KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Healthy individuals and those with GIST show distinct patterns of transcription of functionally different NKp30 isoforms. In a retrospective analysis of 80 individuals with GIST, predominant expression of the immunosuppressive NKp30c isoform (over the immunostimulatory NKp30a and NKp30b isoforms) was associated with reduced survival of subjects, decreased NKp30-dependent tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and CD107a release, and defective interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) secretion in the NK-DC cross-talk that could be restored by blocking of IL-10. Preferential NKp30c expression resulted partly from a single-nucleotide polymorphism at position 3790 in the 3' untranslated region of the gene encoding NKp30. The genetically determined NKp30 status predicts the clinical outcomes of individuals with GIST independently from KIT mutation.
Published: 2010
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38. Natural killer cell IFN-gamma levels predict long-term survival with imatinib mesylate therapy in gastrointestinal stromal tumor-bearing patients

Author: Julien Taieb, Jean-François Emile, Jean-Yves Blay, Laurence Zitvogel, Stefan Michiels, Christophe Borg, Nathalie Chaput, Céline Nonn, François Ghiringhelli, Caroline Flament, Cédric Ménard, Axel Le Cesne, Nicolas F. Delahaye, Caroline Robert, Role des Cellules Dendritiques Dans la Regulation des Effecteurs de l'Immunite Antitumorale, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers (CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de médecine, Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (UMR INSERM 1098) (RIGHT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service de biostatistique et d'épidémiologie (SBE), Direction de la recherche clinique [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Épidémiologie des radiations, épidémiologie clinique des cancers et survie (U1018 (Équipe 3) ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Méthodologie et épidémiologie clinique en oncologie moléculaire (U1018 (Équipe 2)), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Service de dermatologie, Département de médecine oncologique [Gustave Roussy], Service d'anatomie pathologique [CHU Ambroise-Paré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Saas, Philippe, and Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Oncology, Cancer Research, MESH: Piperazines, Piperazines, 0302 clinical medicine, Stromal tumor, 10. No inequality, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, GiST, MESH: Dendritic Cells, Hazard ratio, Exons, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Killer Cells, Natural, MESH: Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, medicine.anatomical_structure, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Benzamides, Imatinib Mesylate, MESH: NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, MESH: Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3, MESH: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, medicine.drug, MESH: Killer Cells, Natural, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, MESH: Interferon-gamma, Antineoplastic Agents, Natural killer cell, Interferon-gamma, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3, MESH: Humans, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Cancer, Imatinib, MESH: Interleukin-2, Dendritic Cells, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Pyrimidines, Imatinib mesylate, MESH: Pyrimidines, Immunology, Interleukin-2, MESH: Antineoplastic Agents, business, MESH: Exons, MESH: Female
Abstract: Clinical outcomes of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)–bearing patients treated with imatinib mesylate (IM) are variable. Other than the site of mutation within the c-kit gene, prognostic features of GIST remain undefined. IM can exhibit off-target effects such as triggering natural killer (NK) cell activity. We addressed whether NK cell functions could predict long term survival with IM. NK cell functions were followed up in 77 GIST patients enrolled onto two phase III trials. “Immunologic responders” were defined as patients whose NK cell IFN-γ values after 2 months of IM were higher than or equal to the baseline value at entry into the trial. The prognostic effect of IFN-γ on progression-free survival was assessed by a Wald test in a Cox regression analysis using the landmark method and stratified by trial and on the c-kit mutational status. Fifty-six patients were evaluable for the NK cell IFN-γ responses at baseline and 2 months. Their median follow-up for progression-free survival was 3.7 years. Thirty-four of 56 patients were immunologic responders to IM. In the Cox regression analysis, immunologic responders possessed a hazard ratio of progression or death equal to 0.29 (95% confidence interval, 0.12–0.70; P = 0.006) compared with nonresponders. Kaplan-Meier 2-year survival estimates were 85% for immunologic responders and 50% for nonresponders. Moreover, the immunologic response added prognostic value to the c-kit mutation. The NK cell IFN-γ production after 2 months of treatment could be considered an independent predictor of long term survival in advanced GISTs treated with IM. [Cancer Res 2009;69(8):3563–9]
Published: 2009
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39. Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Natural Killer Cell Activation and Proliferation: A Role for NKG2D Ligands and IL-15Rα

Author: Bernard Escudier, Fabrice Andre, Laurence Zitvogel, Thomas Tursz, Caroline Robert, Sophie Novault, Sophie Viaud, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Julien Taieb, Nathalie Chaput, Caroline Flament, Magali Terme, Role des Cellules Dendritiques Dans la Regulation des Effecteurs de l'Immunite Antitumorale, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Immunologie, génétique et traitement des maladies métaboliques et du diabète (UMR_S 561), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 - Faculté de médecine (UP11 UFR Médecine), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), QLRT-2001-00093, AP-HP, ARC Institut Gustave Roussy, the Young Investigator Award, ASCO 2002, the EC Cell factory program project, ALLOSTEM European grant, the Ligue labellisée contre le cancer and Cancéropçle Ile de France., and Novault, Sophie
Subjects: MESH: Immunotherapy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology/Innate Immunity, lcsh:Medicine, Exosomes, Ligands, Lymphocyte Activation, MESH: Cancer Vaccines, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, polycyclic compounds, MESH: Ligands, MESH: Animals, lcsh:Science, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Dendritic Cells, MESH: Interleukin-15 Receptor alpha Subunit, 3. Good health, Cell biology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Killer Cells, Natural, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, MESH: NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, Immunotherapy, Natural killer cell activation, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Research Article, MESH: Killer Cells, Natural, endocrine system, T cell, Immunology, Biology, Cancer Vaccines, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, Interleukin-15 Receptor alpha Subunit, MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL, MESH: Cell Proliferation, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Exosomes, MESH: Lymphocyte Activation, MESH: Mice, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Proliferation, MESH: Humans, Cell growth, lcsh:R, Dendritic cell, Dendritic Cells, NKG2D, MESH: Cell Line, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cell culture, Immunology/Leukocyte Activation, Immunology/Immune Response, lcsh:Q, Ex vivo, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; Dendritic cell (DC) derived-exosomes (Dex) are nanomeric vesicles harboring functional MHC/peptide complexes promoting T cell-dependent tumor rejection. In the first Phase I trial using peptide-pulsed Dex, the observation of clinical regressions in the absence of T cell responses prompted the search for alternate effector mechanisms. Mouse studies unraveled the bioactivity of Dex on NK cells. Indeed, Dex promoted an IL-15Ralpha- and NKG2D-dependent NK cell proliferation and activation respectively, resulting in anti-metastatic effects mediated by NK1.1(+) cells. In humans, Dex express functional IL-15Ralpha which allow proliferation and IFNgamma secretion by NK cells. In contrast to immature DC, human Dex harbor NKG2D ligands on their surface leading to a direct engagement of NKG2D and NK cell activation ex vivo. In our phase I clinical trial, we highlight the capacity of Dex based-vaccines to restore the number and NKG2D-dependent function of NK cells in 7/14 patients. Altogether, these data provide a mechanistic explanation on how Dex may stimulate non MHC restricted-anti-tumor effectors and induce tumor regression in vivo.
Published: 2009
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40. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells inhibit natural killer cell functions in a transforming growth factor-beta-dependent manner

Author: Jacky Bernard, Antônio C. Freitas, Jean-Yves Blay, Caroline Flament, Orianne Wagner-Ballon, Laurence Zitvogel, Cédric Ménard, A. Lecesne, Magali Terme, T. Tursz, Caroline Robert, Bernard Escudier, William Vainchencker, Eric Vivier, Claude Capron, Julien Taieb, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, François Ghiringhelli, Sophie Novault, Nathalie Chaput, Pierre E. Puig, François Martin, Rôle des cellules dendritiques dans la régulation des effecteurs de l'immunité antitumorale, Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Mort cellulaire et cancer, Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hematopoïèse et Cellules Souches ( U362 ), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy ( CIML ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Jean Godineau, Etablissement Français du Sang, Immunologie, génétique et traitement des maladies métaboliques et du diabète ( UMR_S 561 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Biologie des Populations Lymphocytaires, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hematopoïèse et Cellules Souches (U362), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Immunologie, génétique et traitement des maladies métaboliques et du diabète (UMR_S 561), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: MESH : Cytokines, MESH: Flow Cytometry, MESH : Immunity, Natural, MESH: T-Ly, Lymphocyte Activation, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice, Interleukin 21, 0302 clinical medicine, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Neoplasms, MESH : Receptors, Immunologic, MESH : Cell Proliferation, Immunology and Allergy, [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, MESH: Animals, MESH: Neoplasms, IL-2 receptor, Receptors, Immunologic, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Cytokines, hemic and immune systems, Flow Cytometry, Natural killer T cell, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Killer Cells, Natural, medicine.anatomical_structure, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, Interleukin 12, Cytokines, Receptors, Natural Killer Cell, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, France, MESH : Killer Cells, Natural, MESH : Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic, MESH: Killer Cells, Natural, MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, MESH : Flow Cytometry, Immunology, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, MESH: Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic, MESH : Mice, Inbred C57BL, Biology, Article, Natural killer cell, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cell Line, Tumor, MESH: Cell Proliferation, MESH : Mice, medicine, Animals, Humans, Antigen-presenting cell, MESH: Lymphocyte Activation, MESH : France, MESH: Mice, MESH: Receptors, Immunologic, MESH : Lymphocyte Activation, Cell Proliferation, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Immunity, Natural, Lymphokine-activated killer cell, MESH: Humans, MESH : Cell Line, Tumor, MESH : Humans, Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic, NKG2D, MESH : T-Ly, MESH : Neoplasms, Immunity, Innate, Mice, Inbred C57BL, MESH: France, MESH : Animals, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Tumor growth promotes the expansion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (T reg) cells that counteract T cell–mediated immune responses. An inverse correlation between natural killer (NK) cell activation and T reg cell expansion in tumor-bearing patients, shown here, prompted us to address the role of T reg cells in controlling innate antitumor immunity. Our experiments indicate that human T reg cells expressed membrane-bound transforming growth factor (TGF)–β, which directly inhibited NK cell effector functions and down-regulated NKG2D receptors on the NK cell surface. Adoptive transfer of wild-type T reg cells but not TGF-β−/− T reg cells into nude mice suppressed NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity, reduced NKG2D receptor expression, and accelerated the growth of tumors that are normally controlled by NK cells. Conversely, the depletion of mouse T reg cells exacerbated NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in vivo. Human NK cell–mediated tumor recognition could also be restored by depletion of T reg cells from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. These findings support a role for T reg cells in blunting the NK cell arm of the innate immune system.
Published: 2007
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41. Molecular determinants of immunogenic cell death: surface exposure of calreticulin makes the difference

Author: Lionel Apetoh, Nathalie Chaput, Guido Kroemer, Michel Obeid, François Ghiringhelli, Laurence Zitvogel, Theocharis Panaretakis, Caroline Flament, and Stéphane de Botton
Subjects: T cell, Cell, Antineoplastic Agents, Apoptosis, Models, Biological, Mice, Immune system, Antigens, Neoplasm, Cell Line, Tumor, Drug Discovery, medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Animals, Humans, Anthracyclines, Antigen-presenting cell, Genetics (clinical), biology, Cell Membrane, Dendritic cell, Dendritic Cells, Neoplasms, Experimental, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Antigens, Surface, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, Immunogenic cell death, Calreticulin, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract: The treatment of cancer by chemotherapy causes tumour cell death, mostly by apoptosis. This tumour cell death may or may not elicit an immune response. At least in some cases, the efficacy of chemotherapy critically depends on the induction of immunogenic cell death that is a type of cell demise that stimulates the activation of an adaptative anti-tumour immune response, which in turn helps to eradicate residual cancer (stem) cells. Indeed, anthracyclins care more efficient in curing tumours in immunocompetent than in T cell-deficient mice. The molecular mechanism implicated in this anti-tumour T cell activation was recently discovered. Anthracyclins cause immunogenic cell death due to their specific capacity to stimulate the translocation of calreticulin to the cell surface. Calreticulin then acts as an "eat me" signal for dendritic cells, allowing them to phagocytose tumour cells and to prime tumour antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells. Importantly, non-immunogenic chemotherapy can be rendered immunogenic by adsorbing recombinant calreticulin to tumour cells or by enforcing the translocation of endogenous calreticulin to the cell surface by means of PP1/GADD34 inhibitors. This strategy could have major implications for the treatment of human cancer. Indeed, in vivo treatments with anthracyclins can cause the translocation of calreticulin to the surface of circulating tumour cells, in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The challenge will be to determine whether the exposure of calreticulin translocation on the tumour cell surface is linked to chemotherapy-induced anti-tumour immune responses and therapeutic efficacy in human cancer.
Published: 2007

42. Dendritic cell derived-exosomes: biology and clinical implementations

Author: Stephan Roux, Alain Spatz, Julien Taieb, Caroline Flament, Laurence Zitvogel, Jean-Bernard LePecq, Nathalie Chaput, Sophie Viaud, Fabrice Andre, Muriel Boussac, Clotilde Théry, Sebastian Amigorena, and Jérôme Garin
Subjects: Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic, Endosome, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, Antigen presentation, Germinal center, Cell Biology, Immunotherapy, Dendritic cell, Dendritic Cells, Endosomes, Biology, Cancer Vaccines, Microvesicles, In vitro, Cell biology, Neoplasms, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Cytotoxic T cell, Animals, Humans
Abstract: Exosomes are nanometer-sized membrane vesicles invaginating from multivesicular bodies and secreted from different cell types. They represent an “in vitro” discovery, but vesicles with the hallmarks of exosomes are present in vivo in germinal centers and biological fluids. Their protein and lipid composition is unique and could account for their expanding functions such as eradication of obsolete proteins, antigen presentation, or “Trojan horses” for viruses or prions. The potential of dendritic cell-derived exosomes (Dex) as cell-free cancer vaccines is addressed in this review. Lessons learned from the pioneering clinical trials allowed reassessment of the priming capacities of Dex in preclinical models, optimizing clinical protocols, and delineating novel, biological features of Dex in cancer patients.
Published: 2006

43. Novel mode of action of c-kit tyrosine kinase inhibitors leading to NK cell-dependent antitumor effects

Author: Salah Mecheri, Jonhantan A. Fletcher, Kris Thielemans, Florent Crépineau, Jacky Bernard, Caroline Flament, Julien Taieb, Isabelle Tchou, Jean-Yves Blay, J.F. Emile, Cédric Ménard, Alain Spatz, Vladimir Lazar, Eric Angevin, Véronique Chung-Scott, Magali Terme, François M. Lemoine, Laurence Zitvogel, Christophe Borg, Hiro Wakasugi, Ali G. Turhan, Michael Heinrich, Thomas Tursz, Axel Le Cesne, Koji Maruyama, Caroline Robert, and Physiology
Subjects: tumor, Antineoplastic Agents, Mice, SCID, c-kit tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Article, Neutrophil Activation, Piperazines, Receptor tyrosine kinase, Interferon-gamma, Mice, In vivo, Animals, Humans, Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Longitudinal Studies, Enzyme Inhibitors, Mode of action, Receptor, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, Mice, Knockout, biology, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Dendritic Cells, General Medicine, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Coculture Techniques, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Killer Cells, Natural, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, Pyrimidines, Imatinib mesylate, Case-Control Studies, Benzamides, Mutation, Imatinib Mesylate, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Cancer research, biology.protein, Female, Stromal Cells, Tyrosine kinase, Platelet-derived growth factor receptor
Abstract: Mutant isoforms of the KIT or PDGF receptors expressed by gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are considered the therapeutic targets for STI571 (imatinib mesylate; Gleevec), a specific inhibitor of these tyrosine kinase receptors. Case reports of clinical efficacy of Gleevec in GISTs lacking the typical receptor mutations prompted a search for an alternate mode of action. Here we show that Gleevec can act on host DCs to promote NK cell activation. DC-mediated NK cell activation was triggered in vitro and in vivo by treatment of DCs with Gleevec as well as by a loss-of-function mutation of KIT. Therefore, tumors that are refractory to the antiproliferative effects of Gleevec in vitro responded to Gleevec in vivo in an NK cell-dependent manner. Longitudinal studies of Gleevec-treated GIST patients revealed a therapy-induced increase in IFN-gamma production by NK cells, correlating with an enhanced antitumor response. These data point to a novel mode of antitumor action for Gleevec.
Published: 2004

44. Contribution of Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD) to the Anti-Tumor Activity of Catumaxomab (ANTI-EPCAM X ANTI-CD3)

Author: Diane Goéré, Caroline Flament, Laurence Zitvogel, and N. Chaput-Gras
Subjects: biology, business.industry, CD3, medicine.medical_treatment, Monocyte, Catumaxomab, Hematology, Trifunctional antibody, Cytokine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, biology.protein, Cancer research, Medicine, Immunogenic cell death, business, Cell activation, CD8, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background The trifunctional antibody catumaxomab (anti-EpCAM x anti-CD3) is approved (EU) for the intraperitoneal treatment of malignant ascites. Catumaxomab is a trifunctional antibody targeting EpCAM on tumor cells, CD3 on T lymphocytes and binding to FcγR positive accessory cells thereby leading to the elimination of EpCAM+ tumor cells by different immune-mediated mechanisms. It has been reported that tumor cell death triggered by some immunogenic compounds or drugs used in the oncological armamentarium participates in the long term protection of patients treated with chemotherapy. The present nonclinical study investigated whether catumaxomab promotes immunogenic cell death (ICD) mechanisms which may contribute to its mode of action and its pharmacological activity in vivo. Methods Either co-cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers and EpCAM+ tumor cells (allogeneic system) or ascites cells from patients with malignant ascites (autologous system) were incubated in the presence of catumaxomab for 24-48 hours. Analysis of T, NK, DC/monocyte cell activation and measurement of cytokine release in cell culture supernatants was performed. Subsequent analyses included investigation of cell death of EpCAM+ tumor cells and evaluation of ICD parameters (calreticulin, HMGB1, ATP). Results The trifunctional antibody catumaxomab, in the presence of EpCAM+ tumor cells, induces activation of T lymphocytes, both CD4, CD8, with induction of Th1 and Th17 polarization accompanied by a by-stander NK cell triggering. In the absence of ICD chemotherapy (oxaliplatin, doxorubicin), no ICD markers (calreticulin, HMGB1, ATP) can be detected on EpCAM+ tumor cells. However, following a pre-sensitization by suboptimal doses of oxaliplatin, catumaxomab could promote enhanced exposure of calreticulin, HMGB1 and ATP release from EpCAM+ tumor cells (allogeneic system). Conclusions Activation of T cells and induction of inflammatory lymphocytes mainly contributes to the catumaxomab-mediated elimination of EpCAM+ tumor target cells. ICD mechanisms including release of HMGB1 and ATP, exposure of calreticulin by targeted tumor cells may further promote the anti-tumor activity of catumaxomab. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Published: 2012
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45. Treatment of gastric peritoneal carcinomatosis by combining complete surgical resection of lesions and intraperitoneal immunotherapy using catumaxomab

Author: Caroline Flament, Laurence Zitvogel, Nathalie Gras-Chaput, Olivier Glehen, Anne Auperin, Dominique Elias, Diane Goéré, and Christophe Mariette
Subjects: Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, Recurrent Gastric Carcinoma, Catumaxomab, Intraperitoneal chemotherapy, chemistry.chemical_compound, Study Protocol, Clinical Protocols, Surgical oncology, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Antibodies, Bispecific, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Infusions, Parenteral, Survival rate, Peritoneal Neoplasms, business.industry, Carcinoma, Gastric carcinoma, Cancer, Epithelial cell adhesion molecule, medicine.disease, chemistry, Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, Immunotherapy, business, Peritoneal carcinomatosis, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background The peritoneum is one of the most frequent sites of recurrent gastric carcinoma after curative treatment, despite the administration of pre- and/or postoperative systemic chemotherapy. Indeed, the prognosis of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric carcinoma continues to be poor, with a median survival of less than one year with systemic chemotherapy. Whereas the prognosis of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer has changed with the development of locally administered hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), survival results following carcinomatosis from gastric cancer remain disappointing, yielding a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%. Innovative surgical therapies such as intraperitoneal immunotherapy therefore need to be developed for the immediate postoperative period after complete cytoreductive surgery. In a recent randomised study, a clinical effect was obtained after intraperitoneal infusion of catumaxomab in patients with malignant ascites, notably from gastric carcinoma. Catumaxomab, a nonhumanized chimeric antibody, is characterized by its unique ability to bind to three different types of cells: tumour cells expressing the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), T lymphocytes (CD3) and also accessory cells (Fcγ receptor). Because the peritoneum is an immunocompetent organ and up to 90% of gastric carcinomas express EpCAM, intraperitoneal infusion of catumaxomab after complete resection of all macroscopic disease (as defined in the treatment of carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer) could therefore efficiently treat microscopic residual disease. Methods/design The aim of this randomized phase II study is to assess 2-year overall survival after complete resection of limited carcinomatosis synchronous with gastric carcinoma, followed by an intraperitoneal infusion of catumaxomab with different total doses administered in each of the 2 arms. Close monitoring of peri-opertive mortality, morbidity and early surgical re-intervention will be done with stopping rules. Besides this analysis, translational research will be conducted to determine immunological markers of catumaxomab efficacy and to correlate these markers with clinical efficacy.
Published: 2014

46. Tumor-derived exosomes are a source of shared tumor rejection antigens for CTL cross-priming

Author: A. Lozier, Thomas Tursz, Graça Raposo, Armelle Regnault, Laurence Zitvogel, Eric Angevin, Clotilde Théry, Sebastian Amigorena, Florence Faure, Caroline Flament, Joseph Wolfers, Stéphanie Pouzieux, and Carole Masurier
Subjects: Follicular dendritic cells, Chemistry, Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental, General Medicine, Dendritic Cells, Tumor-Derived, Exosome, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Circulating microvesicle, Microvesicles, Cell biology, CTL, Mice, Immune system, Antigen, Antigens, Neoplasm, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Animals, Humans, Microscopy, Immunoelectron, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract: The initiation of T-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses requires the uptake and processing of tumor antigens by dendritic cells and their presentation on MHC-I molecules. Here we show in a human in vitro model system that exosomes, a population of small membrane vesicles secreted by living tumor cells, contain and transfer tumor antigens to dendritic cells. After mouse tumor exosome uptake, dendritic cells induce potent CD8+ T-cell-dependent antitumor effects on syngeneic and allogeneic established mouse tumors. Therefore, exosomes represent a novel source of tumor-rejection antigens for T-cell cross priming, relevant for immunointerventions.
Published: 2001

47. Dendritic cells directly trigger NK cell functions: cross-talk relevant in innate anti-tumor immune responses in vivo

Author: Dominique Bellet, Caroline Flament, Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli, Laurence Zitvogel, Michel Perricaudet, A. Lozier, Nadine Fernandez, Eugene Maraskovsky, Mark Suter, and Thomas Tursz
Subjects: Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Mice, Inbred Strains, Cell Communication, Biology, Ligands, Lymphocyte Activation, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Interleukin 21, Mice, Immune system, Animals, Antigen-presenting cell, Lymphokine-activated killer cell, Innate lymphoid cell, Membrane Proteins, General Medicine, Dendritic Cells, Neoplasms, Experimental, Acquired immune system, Natural killer T cell, Adoptive Transfer, Coculture Techniques, Mice, Mutant Strains, DNA-Binding Proteins, Killer Cells, Natural, Immunology, Interleukin 12
Abstract: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells are essential effectors of anti-tumor immune responses in vivo. Dendritic cells (DC) 'prime' tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes; thus, we investigated whether DC might also trigger the innate, NK cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. In mice with MHC class I-negative tumors, adoptively transferred- or Flt3 ligand-expanded DC promoted NK cell-dependent anti-tumor effects. In vitro studies demonstrated a cell-to-cell contact between DC and resting NK cells that resulted in a substantial increase in both NK cell cytolytic activity and IFN-gamma production. Thus, DC are involved in the interaction between innate and adaptive immune responses.
Published: 1999

48. Eradication of established murine tumors using a novel cell-free vaccine: dendritic cell-derived exosomes

Author: Joseph Wolfers, Danielle Tenza, Armelle Regnault, Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli, Caroline Flament, Graça Raposo, Sebastian Amigorena, A. Lozier, and Laurence Zitvogel
Subjects: Antigen presentation, Mast-Cell Sarcoma, Mice, Nude, Mammary Neoplasms, Animal, Biology, Adenocarcinoma, Major histocompatibility complex, Lymphocyte Activation, Exosome, Cancer Vaccines, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mice, Antigen, Antigens, Neoplasm, Cytotoxic T cell, Animals, Antigen-presenting cell, Antigen Presentation, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Cell-Free System, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, H-2 Antigens, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, General Medicine, Dendritic cell, Dendritic Cells, Neoplasms, Experimental, Microvesicles, Peptide Fragments, Mice, Inbred DBA, Immunology, biology.protein, Cancer research, Female, Subcellular Fractions, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells with the unique capacity to induce primary and secondary immune responses in vivo. Here, we show that DCs secrete antigen presenting vesicles, called exosomes, which express functional Major Histocompatibility Complex class I and class II, and T-cell costimulatory molecules. Tumor peptide-pulsed DC-derived exosomes prime specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vivo and eradicate or suppress growth of established murine tumors in a T cell-dependent manner. Exosome-based cell-free vaccines represent an alternative to DC adoptive therapy for suppressing tumor growth.
Published: 1998

49. Phase I clinical trial combining imatinib mesylate and IL-2 in refractory cancer patients

Author: Annie Rey, Caroline Robert, Patricia Pautier, Clara Locher, Laurence Zitvogel, Angelo Paci, Axel Le Cesne, Gilles Vassal, Jean-Charles Soria, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Ratislav Bahleda, Alain Deroussent, Nathalie Chaput, Caroline Flament, and Vincent Ribrag
Subjects: Cyclophosphamide, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, Area under the curve, Phases of clinical research, Pharmacology, Cytokine, Imatinib mesylate, Oncology, Pharmacokinetics, maximum tolerate dose, imatinib mesylate, Toxicity, medicine, cancer, Immunology and Allergy, interleukin-2, Chills, medicine.symptom, business, pharmacokinetics, Research Paper, medicine.drug
Abstract: Imatinib mesylate (IM) is a small molecule inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinases. In addition to its direct effect on malignant cells, it has been suggested IM may activate of natural killer (NK) cells, hence exerting immunomodulatory functions. In preclinical settings, improved antitumor responses have been observed when IM and interleukin-2 (IL-2), a cytokine that enhances NK cells functions, were combined. The goals of this study were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of IL-2 combined with IM at a constant dose of 400 mg, the pharmacokinetics of IM and IL-2, as well as toxicity and clinical efficacy of this immunotherapeutic regimen in patients affected by advanced tumors. The treatment consisted in 50 mg/day cyclophosphamide from 21 d before the initiation of IM throughout the first IM cycle (from D-21 to D14), 400 mg/day IM for 14 d (D1 to D14) combined with escalating doses of IL-2 (3, 6, 9 and 12 MIU/day) from days 10 to 14. This treatment was administered at three week intervals to 17 patients. Common side effects of the combination were mild to moderate, including fever, chills, fatigue, nausea and hepatic enzyme elevation. IL-2 dose level II, 6 MIU/day, was determined as the MTD with the following dose-limiting toxicities: systemic capillary leak syndrome, fatigue and anorexia. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that the area under the curve and the maximum concentration of IM and its main metabolite CGP74588 increased significantly when IM was concomitantly administered with IL-2. In contrast, IM did not modulate IL-2 pharmacokinetics. No objective responses were observed. The best response obtained was stable disease in 8/17 (median duration: 12 weeks). Finally, IL-2 augmented the impregnation of IM and its metabolite. The combination of IM (400 mg/day) and IL-2 (6 MIU/day) in tumors that express IM targets warrants further investigation.
Published: 2013
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50. Calreticulin exposure on malignant blasts predicts a cellular anticancer immune response in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Author: Caroline Flament, L Zitvogel, Antoine Tesniere, Guido Kroemer, Oliver Kepp, M Wemeau, Nathalie Chaput, S. de Botton, and Theocharis Panaretakis
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cancer Research, Myeloid, genetic structures, T-Lymphocytes, Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2, T cells immunity, Immunology, Antineoplastic Agents, acute myeloid leukemia, Cohort Studies, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Immune system, Phagocytosis, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Phosphorylation, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, anthracyclines, Immunity, Cellular, biology, fungi, Myeloid leukemia, Induction chemotherapy, Dendritic Cells, Cell Biology, Dendritic cell, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Leukemia, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, Immunogenic cell death, Female, Original Article, Calreticulin, calreticulin exposure, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract: Experiments performed in mice revealed that anthracyclines stimulate immunogenic cell death that is characterized by the pre-apoptotic exposure of calreticulin (CRT) on the surface of dying tumor cells. Here, we determined whether CRT exposure at the cell surface (ecto-CRT) occurs in human cancer in response to anthracyclines in vivo, focusing on acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is currently treated with a combination of aracytine and anthracyclines. Most of the patients benefit from the induction chemotherapy but relapse within 1–12 months. In this study, we investigated ecto-CRT expression on malignant blasts before and after induction chemotherapy. We observed that leukemic cells from some patients exhibited ecto-CRT regardless of chemotherapy and that this parameter was not modulated by in vivo chemotherapy. Ecto-CRT correlated with the presence of phosphorylated eIF2α within the blasts, in line with the possibility that CRT exposure results from an endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Importantly, high levels of ecto-CRT on malignant myeloblasts positively correlated with the ability of autologous T cells to secrete interferon-γ on stimulation with blast-derived dendritic cell. We conclude that the presence of ecto-CRT on leukemia cells facilitates cellular anticancer immune responses in AML patients.
Published: 2010
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