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2. Effects of Ultra-high Pressure-Induced Starch Structural Changes on the Synthesis and Product Quality of Starch Acetate

Author

PU Huayin, MING Huanyu, ZHANG Chong, GUO Simin, CAO Yanni, WANG Lixia

Subjects
corn starch, ultra-high pressure, starch acetate, characteristics, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

Starch acetate was prepared from corn starch after ultra-high pressure (UHP) pretreatment at different pressure levels (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 MPa). The structural properties of UHP treated starch and starch acetate were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), rapid viscosity analysis (RVA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that both UHP treatment and acetylation reaction resulted in swelling and rupture of starch granules. After UHP pretreatment, the relative crystallinity and gelatinization enthalpy of starch increased first and then decreased, reaching maximum values of 35.4% and 11.90 J/g at 400 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, pasting parameters reached maximum values at this pressure level. After pretreatment at 600 MPa, the starch was gelatinized completely and the morphology of starch granules was destroyed. Furthermore, the crystalline structure changed from A-type to V-type. As a result, the degree of substitution and reaction efficiency of starch acetate significantly increased, reaching maximum values of 0.103 and 81.14%, respectively, when the pressure was 500 MPa. The occurrence of the maximum values might be related to the fact that the granular state was maintained despite obvious structural damage of starch granules, resulting in increased contact between starch granules and acetic anhydride. The findings of this study demonstrate that UHP pretreatment changes the structure of starch and thus helps increase the synthesis efficiency of starch acetate.

Published
2024
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8. Calculation method of stiffness of partially fabricated steel reinforced concrete beams

Author

Cao Yanni, Yu Yunlong, Yang Yong, and Xue Yicong

Subjects
Materials science, medicine, Stiffness, medicine.symptom, Composite material, Reinforced concrete
Abstract

In this paper, two new types of partially precast steel reinforced concrete beams are proposed by combining the advantages of steel reinforced concrete beams, high strength concrete beams and precast assembly structures. Partially fabricated steel reinforced concrete beams are composed of precast high-strength concrete shell and cast-in-place concrete core area. In order to further reduce the dead weight of the members, partially fabricated steel concrete beam sections are hollow or can be filled with thermal insulation materials. In this paper, by using the superposition method and based on the existing test results, two new stiffness calculation methods for partially prefabricated SRC beams are proposed.

Published
2021
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11. Quantifying methane emissions from natural gas production in north-eastern Pennsylvania

Author

Barkley, Zachary R., primary, Lauvaux, Thomas, additional, Davis, Kenneth J., additional, Deng, Aijun, additional, Miles, Natasha L., additional, Richardson, Scott J., additional, Cao, Yanni, additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Karion, Anna, additional, Smith, MacKenzie, additional, Kort, Eric A., additional, Schwietzke, Stefan, additional, Murphy, Thomas, additional, Cervone, Guido, additional, Martins, Douglas, additional, and Maasakkers, Joannes D., additional

Published
2017
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