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24 results on '"Caha Pavel"'

1. Zero morphology and change-of-state verbs

Author

Caha Pavel, De Clercq Karen, and Vanden Wyngaerd Guido

Subjects
deadjectival verbs, change-of-state verbs, causative-inchoative alternation, nanosyntax, phrasal spellout, Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, P101-410
Abstract

This paper discusses a theory of conversion (zero derivation) in terms of phrasal spellout. In this approach, there are no zero morphemes. Instead, the ‘silent’ meaning components are pronounced cumulatively within overt morphemes. As an empirical case, we discuss adjective/verb ambiguity as in narrow. As verbs, these roots have both an inchoative and a causative sense. Following Ramchand (2008), we assume that such deadjectival causatives contain three parts: the adjective denoting a state, a change-of-state component proc, and a causative component init. Adopting a Nanosyntax approach, we propose that verbs like narrow spell out a complex node with all these abstract heads. The ambiguity between the inchoative, causative and adjective falls out as a consequence of the Superset Principle (Starke 2009), which states that a lexical entry can spell out any subtree it contains. Since both the inchoative sense and the adjective sense correspond to proper parts of the causative one, we derive these readings without the need to postulate zeroes. We show how these assumptions allow us to capture a broad range of patterns, focussing mainly on English and Czech.

Published
2023
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2. A default theory of default case

Author

Caha Pavel

Subjects
clitics, strong pronouns, syncretism, default case
Abstract

Schütze (2001) argues that UG makes use of the so‐called Default Case (DEF). The notion refers to “case forms used to spell out nominals that do not receive a case specification in the syntax”. The current paper presents a theory of Default Case in Schütze’s spirit, but one that is more restrictive in terms of the case values allowed for Default Case and its syntactic distribution. A crucial part of the proposal is the idea that English distinguishes between strong and clitic forms of pronouns, and that pronouns such as "me" are three-way ambiguous (clitic accusative, strong accusative/nominative).

Published
2023

3. Allomorphy without context specification: A case study of Czech n

Author

Caha Pavel, De Clercq Karen, and Vanden Wyngaerd Guido

Subjects
allomorphy, nanosyntax
Abstract

We argue that the distribution of -n in Czech positive and comparative adjective cannot be captured by specifying its context for insertion. It can, however, be captured under the assumption that "n" is a portmanteau marker and when it does not surface, it is because the root of the adjective realises the relevant projections.

Published
2023

4. Czech diminutive adjectives as evidence for a rich internal structure of gradable adjectives

Author

Vanden Wyngaerd Guido, De Clercq Karen, and Caha Pavel

Subjects
nanosyntax, předložky, prefixy
Abstract

Based on their morphology, Czech adjectives can be divided into at least three classes. The first class of adjectives has the suffix n in between the root and the agreement marker, e.g., jem-n-y ́ ‘smooth.' The second class of adjectives has the suffix k, e.g., leh-k-y ́ `light'. In the third class, the obligatory agreement marker attaches to the bare root, e.g., slab-Ø-y ́ ‘weak.’ The absence of a stem marker is depicted by the Ø in the first column of Table 3. In this paper, we present an analysis of these three classes in Nanosyntax (Starke 2018), relying on the notion of root size (Caha et al. 2019).

Published
2023

5. Syncretism of prepositions and prefixes in Czech

Author

Caha Pavel and Ziková Markéta

Subjects
předložky, prefixy, synkretismus, nanosyhtax
Abstract

Some Czech prepositions, e.g., pod ‘under,’ have at least four different uses: as a verbal prefix, as a nominal prefix, as a preposition, and as a prefix in nominalised verbs. We show that these are four different uses and we propose a theory of their feature representations. We address the issue of how they are realised.

Published
2023

9. How to be positive

Author

Vanden Wyngaerd, Guido, primary, Starke, Michal, additional, De Clercq, Karen, additional, and Caha, Pavel, additional

Published
2020
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11. Ontological categories

Author

Caha, Pavel, de Clercq, Karen, Vanden Wyngaerd, Guido, Caha, P ( Pavel ), de Clercq, K ( Karen ), Vanden Wyngaerd, G ( Guido ), Baunaz, Lena, Lander, Eric, Caha, Pavel, de Clercq, Karen, Vanden Wyngaerd, Guido, Caha, P ( Pavel ), de Clercq, K ( Karen ), Vanden Wyngaerd, G ( Guido ), Baunaz, Lena, and Lander, Eric

Abstract

This paper examines ontological categories (OC), a type of category that seems to exist in all languages. Following current trends in linguistic research, we claim that these categories belong to a closed class of functional nouns and that they make up a particular functional domain in UG. Working within the nanosyntactic approach, we claim that such a functional domain should be seen as a functional sequence (fseq) of syntactico-semantic heads. Our paper is organized as follows. In section 1.2 we present the main notion of ontological category. We then briefly introduce our theoretical framework, the main hypothesis, as well as the methodology behind our nanosyntactic analysis. In sections 1.3 and 1.4, we present and discuss the relevant data, namely syncretism and morphological containment, in more than 39 languages belonging to 23 different language families. Section 1.5 discusses the nature of some of the counterintuitive results we arrive at, with some implications of the fseq we are proposing.

Published
2018

14. Možnosti místních samospráv při čerpání dotací z Evropské unie

Author

Fuka, Jan, Caha, Pavel, Fuka, Jan, and Caha, Pavel

Abstract

Cílem této bakalářské práce je popis a následné určení specifik čerpání dotací z fondů Evropské unie z pohledu místních samospráv v České republice. První část práce se zabývá politikou soudržnosti Evropské unie a popisem jejích cílů a principů. Další část je věnována seznámení s významnými fondy, jež jsou nástrojem realizace cílů politiky soudržnosti. Následuje analýza možností místních samospráv při jejich snaze o získání a následné využití prostředků z Evropské unie a určení silných a slabých stránek místních samospráv při čerpání dotací. Na příkladech z praxe se pokusím poukázat i na možná úskalí, se kterými se žadatelé o dotaci musí při realizaci svých projektů potýkat. Práce ve své závěrečné části hodnotí současný stav čerpání dotací v rámci České republiky a předkládá k zamyšlení návrhy možných dílčích zlepšení stávající situace., The aim of this work is description and the subsequent determination of the specifics of drawing subsidies from European Union funds from the perspective of local governments in the Czech Republic. The first part deals with the European Union cohesion policy, its objectives and principles. Another section is devoted to familiarization with significant funds which are a tool for implementation of cohesion policy objectives. Following is the analysis of the possibilities of local governments in their efforts to obtain and subsequently use European Union funds and determine the strengths and weaknesses of local authorities in grants. Using examples from practice, I try to point out the possible pitfalls the applicants must deal with, during the implementation of their projects. This work in its final section assesses the current status of drawing subsidies in the Czech Republic and submits proposals to ponder the possible partial improvement of the current situation., Fakulta ekonomicko-správní

Published
2016

15. Slavic Languages in the Perspective of Formal Grammar : Proceedings of FDSL 10.5, Brno 2014

Author

Ziková, Markéta, Docekal, Mojmír, Caha, Pavel, Ziková, Markéta, Ziková, Markéta, Docekal, Mojmír, Caha, Pavel, and Ziková, Markéta

Abstract

The volume comprises papers that were presented at the 14th European conference on «Formal Description of Slavic Languages 10.5» at Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic. The conference focuses on formal approaches to Slavic phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. The present contributions describe interesting data patterns found in Slavic languages and analyze them from the perspective of formal grammar, including generative syntax, Distributed Morphology, formal semantics and others.

Published
2015

16. The nanosyntax of case

Author

Caha, Pavel and Starke, Michal

Subjects
VDP::Humanities: 000::Linguistics: 010
Abstract

This dissertation proposes a new approach to case. It unifies its syntax, morphology and semantics in a simple, fine-grained and restrictive picture. One of the assumptions frequently made in works on case is that cases such as nominative and accusative are not primitive entities, but they are each composed of various features. The central hypothesis of this dissertation is that these features are universal, and each of them is its own terminal node in the syntactic tree. Individual cases thus correspond to phrasal constituents built out of these terminals. The idea that syntactic trees are built by Merge from individual atomic features is one of the core principles of a cartographic approach to syntax pursued by M. Starke: Nanosyntax. Hence “The nanosyntax of case.” I motivate the approach on the material of case syncretism. I propose a hypothesis according to which case syncretism across various languages obeys a single restrictive template. The template corresponds to a cross-linguistically fixed sequence of cases, in which only adjacent cases show syncretism. In order to derive this, I argue that case features are syntactic heads, ordered in a universal functional sequence. If this is so, it follows that these sub-morphemic features interact with core syntactic processes, such as movement. The prediction is borne out: the interaction of (phrasal) movement and the fine-grained syntactic representation derives a typological generalization concerning cross-linguistic variation in the amount of case marking (Blake’s hierarchy). Additional facts fall out from the picture: the role of functional prepositions, prepositional syncretism, case compounding, and preposition stacking. I further investigate in detail the spell out of these highly articulate structures. I follow Starke (2005) and propose that individual morphemes spell out phrasal constituents of varying size, and that their insertion is governed by the Superset Principle. I argue that phrasal spell out is both empirically required, and theoretically beneficial: it simplifies the overall architecture of grammar. In particular, there is no part left to play for a separate morphological structure. With the proposal in place, I observe that there are generalizations which connect the proposed representation and the DP external syntax. To account for this, I adopt the Peeling theory of movement (Starke 2005). The theory says that arguments are base-generated with a number of case projections on top of them, and they strand these projections when they move up in the tree. The theory is shown to capture the initial observations, as well as additional generalizations: Burzio’s generalization among them. The resulting theory does not introduce any domain specific tools to account for case: its representation corresponds to a binary syntactic structure, its computation corresponds to syntactic movement.

Published
2009

19. Návrh podnikatelského záměru

Author

Zinecker, Marek, Caha, Pavel, Lanc, Martin, Zinecker, Marek, Caha, Pavel, and Lanc, Martin

Abstract

Cílem této diplomové práce je definovat podnikatelský záměr konkrétního malého podniku a následně ho zpracovat do podoby podnikatelského plánu. Tento záměr bude sloužit jako podklad pro realizaci soukromé mateřské školy. Diplomová práce obsahuje teoretickou část, analýzu problému včetně zákonných podmínek zřízení a provozu firmy, konečně i marketingové analýzy a finanční plán. Závěr práce se věnuje celkovému shrnutí výsledků a možnostech rozvoje., The subject diploma thesis “Proposal for a bussines strategy” is the formulation of a bussines plan for a concrete small-sized company. Finally this plan will be used as model for a realization of private kindergarten. This work includes a theoretical part, problems analysis with summary of issues relating to legal, constructive conditions for building and functioning, fiscal and economical aspects. Final part of this work is dedicated to overall assessment and expansions possibilities.

20. Návrh podnikatelského záměru

Author

Zinecker, Marek, Caha, Pavel, Zinecker, Marek, and Caha, Pavel

Abstract

Cílem této diplomové práce je definovat podnikatelský záměr konkrétního malého podniku a následně ho zpracovat do podoby podnikatelského plánu. Tento záměr bude sloužit jako podklad pro realizaci soukromé mateřské školy. Diplomová práce obsahuje teoretickou část, analýzu problému včetně zákonných podmínek zřízení a provozu firmy, konečně i marketingové analýzy a finanční plán. Závěr práce se věnuje celkovému shrnutí výsledků a možnostech rozvoje., The subject diploma thesis “Proposal for a bussines strategy” is the formulation of a bussines plan for a concrete small-sized company. Finally this plan will be used as model for a realization of private kindergarten. This work includes a theoretical part, problems analysis with summary of issues relating to legal, constructive conditions for building and functioning, fiscal and economical aspects. Final part of this work is dedicated to overall assessment and expansions possibilities.

21. Návrh podnikatelského záměru

Author

Zinecker, Marek, Caha, Pavel, Zinecker, Marek, and Caha, Pavel

Abstract

Cílem této diplomové práce je definovat podnikatelský záměr konkrétního malého podniku a následně ho zpracovat do podoby podnikatelského plánu. Tento záměr bude sloužit jako podklad pro realizaci soukromé mateřské školy. Diplomová práce obsahuje teoretickou část, analýzu problému včetně zákonných podmínek zřízení a provozu firmy, konečně i marketingové analýzy a finanční plán. Závěr práce se věnuje celkovému shrnutí výsledků a možnostech rozvoje., The subject diploma thesis “Proposal for a bussines strategy” is the formulation of a bussines plan for a concrete small-sized company. Finally this plan will be used as model for a realization of private kindergarten. This work includes a theoretical part, problems analysis with summary of issues relating to legal, constructive conditions for building and functioning, fiscal and economical aspects. Final part of this work is dedicated to overall assessment and expansions possibilities.

22. Návrh podnikatelského záměru

Author

Zinecker, Marek, Caha, Pavel, Zinecker, Marek, and Caha, Pavel

Abstract

Cílem této diplomové práce je definovat podnikatelský záměr konkrétního malého podniku a následně ho zpracovat do podoby podnikatelského plánu. Tento záměr bude sloužit jako podklad pro realizaci soukromé mateřské školy. Diplomová práce obsahuje teoretickou část, analýzu problému včetně zákonných podmínek zřízení a provozu firmy, konečně i marketingové analýzy a finanční plán. Závěr práce se věnuje celkovému shrnutí výsledků a možnostech rozvoje., The subject diploma thesis “Proposal for a bussines strategy” is the formulation of a bussines plan for a concrete small-sized company. Finally this plan will be used as model for a realization of private kindergarten. This work includes a theoretical part, problems analysis with summary of issues relating to legal, constructive conditions for building and functioning, fiscal and economical aspects. Final part of this work is dedicated to overall assessment and expansions possibilities.

23. Návrh podnikatelského záměru

Author

Zinecker, Marek, Caha, Pavel, Lanc, Martin, Zinecker, Marek, Caha, Pavel, and Lanc, Martin

Abstract

Cílem této diplomové práce je definovat podnikatelský záměr konkrétního malého podniku a následně ho zpracovat do podoby podnikatelského plánu. Tento záměr bude sloužit jako podklad pro realizaci soukromé mateřské školy. Diplomová práce obsahuje teoretickou část, analýzu problému včetně zákonných podmínek zřízení a provozu firmy, konečně i marketingové analýzy a finanční plán. Závěr práce se věnuje celkovému shrnutí výsledků a možnostech rozvoje., The subject diploma thesis “Proposal for a bussines strategy” is the formulation of a bussines plan for a concrete small-sized company. Finally this plan will be used as model for a realization of private kindergarten. This work includes a theoretical part, problems analysis with summary of issues relating to legal, constructive conditions for building and functioning, fiscal and economical aspects. Final part of this work is dedicated to overall assessment and expansions possibilities.

24. Ontological categories

Author

Baunaz, Lena, Lander, Eric, University of Zurich, Caha, Pavel, de Clercq, Karen, and Vanden Wyngaerd, Guido

Subjects
470 Latin & Italic languages, 460 Spanish & Portuguese languages, Michal Starke, nanosyntax, 410 Linguistics, 450 Italian, Romanian & related languages, 800 Literature, rhetoric & criticism, 440 French & related languages, 10103 Institute of Romance Studies
Published
2018

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