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2. Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa.

Author

Zamora, Juan, Svensson, Måns, Kirschner, Roland, Olariaga, Ibai, Ryman, Svengunnar, Parra, Luis, Geml, József, Rosling, Anna, Adamčík, Slavomír, Ahti, Teuvo, Aime, M, Ainsworth, A, Albert, László, Albertó, Edgardo, García, Alberto, Ageev, Dmitry, Agerer, Reinhard, Aguirre-Hudson, Begoña, Ammirati, Joe, Andersson, Harry, Angelini, Claudio, Antonín, Vladimír, Aoki, Takayuki, Aptroot, André, Argaud, Didier, Sosa, Blanca, Aronsen, Arne, Arup, Ulf, Asgari, Bita, Assyov, Boris, Atienza, Violeta, Bandini, Ditte, Baptista-Ferreira, João, Baral, Hans-Otto, Baroni, Tim, Barreto, Robert, Beker, Henry, Bell, Ann, Bellanger, Jean-Michel, Bellù, Francesco, Bemmann, Martin, Bendiksby, Mika, Bendiksen, Egil, Bendiksen, Katriina, Benedek, Lajos, Bérešová-Guttová, Anna, Berger, Franz, Berndt, Reinhard, Bernicchia, Annarosa, Biketova, Alona, Bizio, Enrico, Bjork, Curtis, Boekhout, Teun, Boertmann, David, Böhning, Tanja, Boittin, Florent, Boluda, Carlos, Boomsluiter, Menno, Borovička, Jan, Brandrud, Tor, Braun, Uwe, Brodo, Irwin, Bulyonkova, Tatiana, Burdsall, Harold, Buyck, Bart, Burgaz, Ana, Calatayud, Vicent, Callac, Philippe, Campo, Emanuele, Candusso, Massimo, Capoen, Brigitte, Carbó, Joaquim, Carbone, Matteo, Castañeda-Ruiz, Rafael, Castellano, Michael, Chen, Jie, Clerc, Philippe, Consiglio, Giovanni, Corriol, Gilles, Courtecuisse, Régis, Crespo, Ana, Cripps, Cathy, Crous, Pedro, da Silva, Gladstone, da Silva, Meiriele, Dam, Marjo, Dam, Nico, Dämmrich, Frank, Das, Kanad, Davies, Linda, De Crop, Eske, De Kesel, Andre, De Lange, Ruben, De Madrignac Bonzi, Bárbara, Dela Cruz, Thomas, Delgat, Lynn, Demoulin, Vincent, Desjardin, Dennis, Diederich, Paul, and Dima, Bálint

Subjects
IMC11, nomenclature, speciation, taxonomy, typification, voucherless fungi
Abstract

Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.

Published
2018

12. More Than Just Plants: Botanical Gardens Are an Untapped Source of Fungal Diversity

Author

Bradshaw, Michael J., primary, Quijada, Luis, additional, Tobin, Patrick C., additional, Braun, Uwe, additional, Newlander, Cindy, additional, Potterfield, Tom, additional, Alford, Élan R., additional, Contreras, Carlos, additional, Coombes, Allen, additional, Moparthi, Swarnalatha, additional, Buchholz, Erin, additional, Murphy, Daniel, additional, Enos, Wade, additional, Fields-Taylor, Amy, additional, Bower, Anna, additional, and Pfister, Donald H., additional

Published
2022
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16. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Erysiphe berberidis (s. lat.) revisited

Author

Liu, Li, primary, Bradshaw, Michael, additional, Braun, Uwe, additional, Götz, Monika, additional, Khodaparast, Seyed Akbar, additional, Liu, Tie-zhi, additional, Bulgakov, Timur S., additional, Darsaraei, Hamideh, additional, Hofbauer, Wolfgang Karl, additional, Li, Yu, additional, and Liu, Shu-yan, additional

Published
2022
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19. Recommended names for pleomorphic genera in Dothideomycetes

Author

Rossman, Amy Y., Crous, Pedro W., Hyde, Kevin D., Hawksworth, David L., Aptroot, André, Bezerra, Jose L., Bhat, Jayarama D., Boehm, Eric, Braun, Uwe, Boonmee, Saranyaphat, Camporesi, Erio, Chomnunti, Putarak, Dai, Dong-Qin, D’souza, Melvina J., Dissanayake, Asha, Jones, E. B. Gareth, Groenewald, Johannes Z., Hernández-Restrepo, Margarita, Hongsanan, Sinang, Jaklitsch, Walter M., Jayawardena, Ruvishika, Jing, Li Wen, Kirk, Paul M., Lawrey, James D., Mapook, Ausana, McKenzie, Eric H. C., Monkai, Jutamart, Phillips, Alan J. L., Phookamsak, Rungtiwa, Raja, Huzefa A., Seifert, Keith A., Senanayake, Indunil, Slippers, Bernard, Suetrong, Satinee, Tanaka, Kazuaki, Taylor, Joanne E., Thambugala, Kasun M., Tian, Qing, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Wanasinghe, Dhanushka N., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Wikee, Saowanee, Woudenberg, Joyce H. C., Wu, Hai-Xia, Yan, Jiye, Yang, Tao, and Zhang, Ying

Published
2015
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24. Beyond Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences: Evolution, Taxonomy, and Closest Known Saprobic Relatives of Powdery Mildew Fungi (Erysiphaceae) Inferred From Their First Comprehensive Genome-Scale Phylogenetic Analyses

Author

Vaghefi, Niloofar, Kusch, Stefan, Németh, Márk Z., Seress, Diána, Braun, Uwe, Takamatsu, Susumu, Panstruga, Ralph, and Kiss, Levente

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), ddc:570, Microbiology
Abstract

Frontiers in microbiology 13, 903024 (2022). doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.903024, Published by Frontiers Media, Lausanne

Published
2022
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33. Redefining genera of cereal pathogens: Oculimacula, Rhynchosporium and Spermospora

Author

Crous, P.W., Braun, Uwe, McDonald, B.A., Lennox, C.L., Edwards, Jacqueline, Mann, Ross C., Zaveri, A, Linde, C.C., Dyer, P.S., Groenewald, Ewald, Crous, P.W., Braun, Uwe, McDonald, B.A., Lennox, C.L., Edwards, Jacqueline, Mann, Ross C., Zaveri, A, Linde, C.C., Dyer, P.S., and Groenewald, Ewald

Abstract

The taxonomy of Oculimacula, Rhynchosporium and Spermospora is re-evaluated, along with that of phylogenetically related genera. Isolates are identified using comparisons of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal RNA locus (ITS), partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), actin (act), DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest (rpb1) and second largest subunit (rpb2) genes, and the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU), combined with their morphological characteristics. Oculimacula is restricted to two species, O. acuformis and O. yallundae, with O. aestiva placed in Cyphellophora, and O. anguioides accommodated in a new genus, Helgardiomyces. Rhynchosporium s. str. is restricted to species with 1-septate conidia and hooked apical beaks, while Rhynchobrunnera is introduced for species with 1–3-septate, straight conidia, lacking any apical beak. Rhynchosporium graminicola is proposed to replace the name R. commune applied to the barley scald pathogen based on nomenclatural priority. Spermospora is shown to be paraphyletic, representing Spermospora (type: S. subulata), with three new species, S. arrhenatheri, S. loliiphila and S. zeae, and Neospermospora gen. nov. (type: N. avenae). Ypsilina (type: Y. graminea), is shown to be monophyletic, but appears to be of minor importance on cereals. Finally, Vanderaaea gen. nov. (type: V. ammophilae), is introduced as a new coelomycetous fungus occurring on dead leaves of Ammophila arenaria.

Published
2021

37. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Erysiphe berberidis (s. lat.) revisited.

Author

Li Liu, Bradshaw, Michael, Braun, Uwe, Götz, Monika, Khodaparast, Seyed Akbar, Tie-zhi Liu, Bulgakov, Timur S., Darsaraei, Hamideh, Hofbauer, Wolfgang Karl, Yu Li, and Shu-yan Liu

Subjects
POWDERY mildew diseases, PHYLOGENY, BARBERRIES
Abstract

Phylogenetic and morphological analyses have been conducted on powdery mildew specimens on different Berberis and Mahonia spp. from Asia, Europe and North America. The present study showed that collections of Erysiphe berberidis exhibit a high degree of morphological plasticity of the sexual morph, in contrast to their morphologically, rather uniform, asexual morph. In phylogenetic tree, all sequences cluster in a large strongly supported clade, without any indication and support for further differentiation into cryptic species. There are three morphological types within E. berberidis s. lat. that contain consistent differences. Until future multi-locus analyses will be available, we prefer to treat these 'morphological types' as varieties. These include Erysiphe berberidis var. berberidis, E. berberidis var. asiatica, and E. berberidis var. dimorpha comb. nov. (≡ Microsphaera berberidis var. dimorpha, M. berberidicola, and M. multappendicis). To fix the application of species name E. berberidis, an appropriate epitype was designated, with an ITS sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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38. Additional file 1 of Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomy of an unresolved, heterogeneous species complex within the genus Golovinomyces (Ascomycota, Erysiphales), including G. ambrosiae, G. circumfusus and G. spadiceus

Author

Peng-Lei Qiu, Liu, Shu-Yan, Bradshaw, Michael, Rooney-Latham, Suzanne, Takamatsu, Susumu, Bulgakov, Timur, Tang, Shu-Rong, Feng, Jing, Jin, Dan-Ni, Temitope Aroge, Li, Yu, Wang, Li-Lan, and Braun, Uwe

Abstract

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region of the Golovinomyces ambrosiae complex and G. circumfusus. The tree was constructed based on 73 sequences from tribe Golovinomyceteae. One sequence from Erysiphe kenjiana (accession number: MK452611) was used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are indicated above the branches.

Published
2020
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39. Additional file 4 of Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomy of an unresolved, heterogeneous species complex within the genus Golovinomyces (Ascomycota, Erysiphales), including G. ambrosiae, G. circumfusus and G. spadiceus

Author

Peng-Lei Qiu, Liu, Shu-Yan, Bradshaw, Michael, Rooney-Latham, Suzanne, Takamatsu, Susumu, Bulgakov, Timur, Tang, Shu-Rong, Feng, Jing, Jin, Dan-Ni, Temitope Aroge, Li, Yu, Wang, Li-Lan, and Braun, Uwe

Abstract

Additional file 4: Figure S4. Phylogenetic analysis of Golovinomyces ambrosiae complex and G. circumfusus based on the TUB2 region. The tree was constructed based on 43 sequences from tribe Golovinomyceteae and one sequence from Erysiphe kenjiana (accession number: MK452458) was used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are indicated above/below the branches.

Published
2020
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40. Additional file 5 of Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomy of an unresolved, heterogeneous species complex within the genus Golovinomyces (Ascomycota, Erysiphales), including G. ambrosiae, G. circumfusus and G. spadiceus

Author

Peng-Lei Qiu, Liu, Shu-Yan, Bradshaw, Michael, Rooney-Latham, Suzanne, Takamatsu, Susumu, Bulgakov, Timur, Tang, Shu-Rong, Feng, Jing, Jin, Dan-Ni, Temitope Aroge, Li, Yu, Wang, Li-Lan, and Braun, Uwe

Abstract

Additional file 5: Figure S5. Phylogenetic analysis of the CHS1 region of the Golovinomyces ambrosiae complex and G. circumfusus. The tree was constructed based on 49 sequences from tribe Golovinomyceteae. Three sequences from Neoërysiphe galeopisidis (accession numbers: MK452438, MK452439, MK452440) was used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are indicated above/below the branches.

Published
2020
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41. Additional file 2 of Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomy of an unresolved, heterogeneous species complex within the genus Golovinomyces (Ascomycota, Erysiphales), including G. ambrosiae, G. circumfusus and G. spadiceus

Author

Peng-Lei Qiu, Liu, Shu-Yan, Bradshaw, Michael, Rooney-Latham, Suzanne, Takamatsu, Susumu, Bulgakov, Timur, Tang, Shu-Rong, Feng, Jing, Jin, Dan-Ni, Temitope Aroge, Li, Yu, Wang, Li-Lan, and Braun, Uwe

Abstract

Additional file 2: Figure S2. Phylogenetic analysis of the 28S rDNA region of the Golovinomyces ambrosiae complex and G. circumfusus. The tree was constructed based on 74 sequences from tribe Golovinomyceteae. One sequence from Erysiphe kenjiana (accession number: MK452684) was used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are indicated above the branches.

Published
2020
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42. Australia: A Continent Without Native Powdery Mildews? The First Comprehensive Catalog Indicates Recent Introductions and Multiple Host Range Expansion Events, and Leads to the Re-discovery of Salmonomyces as a New Lineage of the Erysiphales

Author

Kiss, Levente, Vaghefi, Niloofar, Bransgrove, Kaylene, Dearnaley, John D. W., Takamatsu, Susumu, Tan, Yu Pei, Marston, Craig, Liu, Shu-Yan, Jin, Dan-Ni, Adorada, Dante L., Bailey, Jordan, Cabrera de Álvarez, Maria Graciela, Daly, Andrew, Dirchwolf, Pamela Maia, Jones, Lynne, Nguyen, Thuan Dat, Edwards, Jacqueline, Ho, Wellcome, Kelly, Lisa A., Mintoff, Sharl J. L., Morrison, Jennifer, Németh, Márk Z., Perkins, Sandy, Shivas, Roger G., Smith, Reannon, Stuart, Kara, Southwell, Ronald, Turaganivalu, Unaisi, Váczy, Kálmán Zoltán, Blommestein, Annie Van, Wright, Dominie, Young, Anthony, Braun, Uwe, Kiss, Levente, Vaghefi, Niloofar, Bransgrove, Kaylene, Dearnaley, John D. W., Takamatsu, Susumu, Tan, Yu Pei, Marston, Craig, Liu, Shu-Yan, Jin, Dan-Ni, Adorada, Dante L., Bailey, Jordan, Cabrera de Álvarez, Maria Graciela, Daly, Andrew, Dirchwolf, Pamela Maia, Jones, Lynne, Nguyen, Thuan Dat, Edwards, Jacqueline, Ho, Wellcome, Kelly, Lisa A., Mintoff, Sharl J. L., Morrison, Jennifer, Németh, Márk Z., Perkins, Sandy, Shivas, Roger G., Smith, Reannon, Stuart, Kara, Southwell, Ronald, Turaganivalu, Unaisi, Váczy, Kálmán Zoltán, Blommestein, Annie Van, Wright, Dominie, Young, Anthony, and Braun, Uwe

Abstract

In contrast to Eurasia and North America, powdery mildews (Ascomycota, Erysiphales) are understudied in Australia. There are over 900 species known globally, with fewer than currently 60 recorded from Australia. Some of the Australian records are doubtful as the identifications were presumptive, being based on host plant-pathogen lists from overseas. The goal of this study was to provide the first comprehensive catalog of all powdery mildew species present in Australia. The project resulted in (i) an up-to-date list of all the taxa that have been identified in Australia based on published DNA barcode sequences prior to this study; (ii) the precise identification of 117 specimens freshly collected from across the country; and (iii) the precise identification of 30 herbarium specimens collected between 1975 and 2013. This study confirmed 42 species representing 10 genera, including two genera and 13 species recorded for the first time in Australia. In Eurasia and North America, the number of powdery mildew species is much higher. Phylogenetic analyses of powdery mildews collected from Acalypha spp. resulted in the transfer of Erysiphe acalyphae to Salmonomyces, a resurrected genus. Salmonomyces acalyphae comb. nov. represents a newly discovered lineage of the Erysiphales. Another taxonomic change is the transfer of Oidium ixodiae to Golovinomyces. Powdery mildew infections have been confirmed on 13 native Australian plant species in the genera Acacia, Acalypha, Cephalotus, Convolvulus, Eucalyptus, Hardenbergia, Ixodia, Jagera, Senecio, and Trema. Most of the causal agents were polyphagous species that infect many other host plants both overseas and in Australia. All powdery mildews infecting native plants in Australia were phylogenetically closely related to species known overseas. The data indicate that Australia is a continent without native powdery mildews, and most, if not all, species have been introduced since the European colonization of the continent.

Published
2020

46. Australia: A Continent Without Native Powdery Mildews? The First Comprehensive Catalog Indicates Recent Introductions and Multiple Host Range Expansion Events, and Leads to the Re-discovery of Salmonomyces as a New Lineage of the Erysiphales

Author

Kiss, Levente, primary, Vaghefi, Niloofar, additional, Bransgrove, Kaylene, additional, Dearnaley, John D. W., additional, Takamatsu, Susumu, additional, Tan, Yu Pei, additional, Marston, Craig, additional, Liu, Shu-Yan, additional, Jin, Dan-Ni, additional, Adorada, Dante L., additional, Bailey, Jordan, additional, Cabrera de Álvarez, Maria Graciela, additional, Daly, Andrew, additional, Dirchwolf, Pamela Maia, additional, Jones, Lynne, additional, Nguyen, Thuan Dat, additional, Edwards, Jacqueline, additional, Ho, Wellcome, additional, Kelly, Lisa, additional, Mintoff, Sharl J. L., additional, Morrison, Jennifer, additional, Németh, Márk Z., additional, Perkins, Sandy, additional, Shivas, Roger G., additional, Smith, Reannon, additional, Stuart, Kara, additional, Southwell, Ronald, additional, Turaganivalu, Unaisi, additional, Váczy, Kálmán Zoltán, additional, Blommestein, Annie Van, additional, Wright, Dominie, additional, Young, Anthony, additional, and Braun, Uwe, additional

Published
2020
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48. Alexander von Humboldts und Aimé Bonplands Pflanzen im Herbarium der Universität Halle-Wittenberg

Author

Tkach, Natalia, Braun, Uwe, and Röser, Martin

Subjects
willdenow, botanik, ddc:509, humboldt, Institut für Romanistik, bonpland, amerikanische reise, lcsh:D299-475, lcsh:Science (General), schlechtendal, lcsh:1789, herbarium, Amerikanische Reise, Bonpland, Botanik, Herbarium, Humboldt, Schlechtendal, Willdenow, lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract

Die Pflanzensammlung (Herbarium) der Universität Halle-Wittenberg enthält eine beträchtliche Anzahl von Pflanzenexemplaren, die von Alexander von Humboldt und Aimé Bonpland während ihrer amerikanischen Reise (1799–1804) gesammelt wurden. Wir erläutern die wissenschaftliche Bedeutung der Herbarbelege und wie sie ihren Weg nach Halle fanden., The plant collection (herbarium) of the University Halle-Wittenberg harbors a considerable number of plant specimens that were collected by Alexander von Humboldt und Aimé Bonpland during their American journey (1799–1804). We discuss the scientific significance of the specimens and how they made their way to Halle., La colección de plantas (herbario) de la Universidad de Halle-Wittenberg contiene un número considerable de especímenes de plantas recolectadas por Alexander von Humboldt y Aimé Bonpland durante su viaje a América (1799–1804). Discutimos la importancia científica de los especímenes y cómo se dirigen a Halle.

Published
2019
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49. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Podosphaera filipendulae (Erysiphaceae) revisited.

Author

Shu-Yan Liu, Jin, Danni, Götz, Monika, Bradshaw, Michael, Miao Liu, Susumu Takamatsu, and Braun, Uwe

Subjects
PHYLOGENY, POWDERY mildew diseases, MOLECULAR phylogeny, NUCLEOTIDES, RECOMBINANT DNA
Abstract

The phylogeny and taxonomy of Podosphaera filipendulae (including P. filipendulensis, syn. nov.) have been examined. Asian, European and North American collections were examined and the nucleotides sequences of their partial rDNA region were determined. In particular, the relationship between P. filipendulae and P. spiraeae was analysed. The results confirmed P. filipendulae and P. spiraeae as two separate, morphologically similar species. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a similar phylogeny to that of the host genera. Although ITS sequences retrieved from Asian, European and North American specimens of P. filipendulae on various Filipendula spp. are identical to sequences from P. macularis on hop, there is consistently one base substitution at the 5'-end of 28S rRNA gene between the species. This result provides evidence that the hop powdery mildew and P. filipendulae are biologically and morphologically clearly distinguished, and should be maintained as two separate species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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