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147 results on '"Baier, F."'

1. Characterization of Non-reacting Swirling Flow in a Gas Turbine Fuel Injector

Author

Ghulam, M. M., Shen, Yazhou, Baier, F., Villalva, R. G., Karnam, A., Holpp, R., Lopez, O. R., Duwig, Christophe, Gutmark, E., Ghulam, M. M., Shen, Yazhou, Baier, F., Villalva, R. G., Karnam, A., Holpp, R., Lopez, O. R., Duwig, Christophe, and Gutmark, E.

Abstract

The current work investigates the swirling flow of a gas fuel injector utilized in the Lean Direct Injection (LDI) combustion system. Planer particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements and large eddy simulation (LES) numerical analysis are conducted to have a profound understanding of the swirling flow characteristics. Specifically, the impacts of the level of confinement with a rectangular cross-section and different Reynolds number are examined. Increasing the Reynolds number increases the strength of swirling jets and reverse flow region. More significant changes occurred on the mean flowfield due to the confinement effect such as increasing the width of the reverse flow region and increasing/decreasing the size of the recirculation zones which in turn effects the inlet jet penetration. The inlet jet spreads at a larger angle as the size of the outer recirculation zone (ORZ) increases with the confinement ratio. The shape of the inner recirculation zone (IRZ) vortex structure on the unconfined flow is characterized to be a thin and short vortex and located on top of the nozzle exit, and it becomes thicker and longer vortex located further downstream from the nozzle exit upon confinement. The increased size of the IRZ vortex structure in confined cases is an indication of the increased thickness of the inner shear layer (ISL) that increases linearly as the confinement ratio increases. LES results reveled there is a connection channel between the reverse flow region and the ORZ of the swirling flow emanating from the multiple-jet LDI nozzle. Higher level of turbulence is associated with the location of the IRZ vortex structure. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis is preformed to extract coherent fluctuating flow features. The swirling flow of the LDI nozzle exhibits the single-helical and double-helical precessing vortex core (PVC) modes, with the first one being the most energetic mode. The general flow structure of the coherent single-helix PVC mode, Part of proceedings: ISBN 978-1-62410-609-5, QC 20230117

Published
2021
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5. Abstract P1-13-01: Final results of the ASG1-3 study, a randomized phase III study comparing a standard dose chemotherapy with epirubicin/cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel with a dose dense regimen with epirubicin and paclitaxel

Author

Fasching, PA, primary, Eggemann, H, additional, Krocker, J, additional, Häberle, L, additional, Volz, B, additional, Kleine-Tebbe, A, additional, Blohmer, J-U, additional, Kittel, K, additional, Hufnagel, M, additional, Janni, W, additional, Emons, G, additional, Simon, E, additional, Köhler, U, additional, Thomssen, C, additional, Kohls, A, additional, Beckmann, MW, additional, Hielscher, C, additional, Krabisch, P, additional, Zeiser, T, additional, Brodkorb, T, additional, Baier, F, additional, Nabieva, N, additional, Kellner, S, additional, Untch, M, additional, Stadie, S, additional, Budner, M, additional, Breitbach, G-P, additional, Keller, M, additional, Stickeler, E, additional, Kühn, T, additional, Tolkmitt, M, additional, Belau, AK, additional, Schmidt, M, additional, Ulm, K, additional, and Kümmel, S, additional

Published
2019
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10. Das internationale Endometriose Evaluations-Programm (IEEP) – eine Studie für Kliniker, Forscher und Patientinnen

Author

Brodkorb, T, primary, Fehm, T, additional, Burghaus, S, additional, Blum, S, additional, Baier, F, additional, Renner, SK, additional, Häberle, L, additional, Heusinger, K, additional, Hildebrandt, T, additional, Lermann, J, additional, Tchartchian, G, additional, Bojahr, B, additional, Porn, A, additional, Fleisch, M, additional, Reicke, S, additional, Füger, T, additional, Hartung, CP, additional, Hackl, J, additional, Fasching, PA, additional, Beckmann, MW, additional, and Renner, SP, additional

Published
2016
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12. The International Endometriosis Evaluation Program (IEEP Study) – A Systematic Study for Physicians, Researchers and Patients

Author

Burghaus, S., additional, Fehm, T., additional, Fasching, P., additional, Blum, S., additional, Renner, S., additional, Baier, F., additional, Brodkorb, T., additional, Fahlbusch, C., additional, Findeklee, S., additional, Häberle, L., additional, Heusinger, K., additional, Hildebrandt, T., additional, Lermann, J., additional, Strahl, O., additional, Tchartchian, G., additional, Bojahr, B., additional, Porn, A., additional, Fleisch, M., additional, Reicke, S., additional, Füger, T., additional, Hartung, C.-P., additional, Hackl, J., additional, and Beckmann, M., additional

Published
2016
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18. The MACC reanalysis: an 8-yr data set of atmospheric composition

Author

Inness, A., Baier, F., Flemming, J., George, M., Granier, C., Hadji-Lazaro, J., Huijnen, V., Hurtmans, D., Jones, L., Kaiser, J. W., Kapsomenakis, J., Lefever, K., Benedetti, A., Leitão, J., Razinger, M., Richter, A., Schultz, Martin, Simmons, A. J., Suttie, M., Stein, O., Thépaut, J. -N., Thouret, V., Vrekoussis, M., Bouarar, I., Zerefos, C., Chabrillat, S., Clark, H., Clerbaux, C., Coheur, P., Engelen, R. J., and Errera, Q.

Subjects
ddc:550
Abstract

An eight-year long reanalysis of atmospheric composition data covering the period 2003–2010 was constructed as part of the FP7 funded Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate project by assimilating satellite data into a global model and data assimilation system. This reanalysis provides fields of chemically reactive gases, namely carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxides, and formaldehyde, as well as aerosols and greenhouse gases globally at a resolution of about 80 km for both the troposphere and the stratosphere. This paper describes the assimilation system for the reactive gases and presents validation results for the reactive gases analysis fields to document the dataset and to give a first indication of its quality. Tropospheric CO values from the MACC reanalysis are on average 10–20% lower than routine observations from commercial aircrafts over airports through most of the troposphere, and have larger negative biases in the boundary layer at urban sites affected by air pollution, possibly due to an underestimation of CO or precursor emissions. Stratospheric ozone fields from the MACC reanalysis agree with ozone sondes and ACE-FTS data to within ±10% in most situations. In the troposphere the reanalysis shows biases of −5% to +10% with respect to ozone sondes and aircraft data in the extratropics, but has larger negative biases in the tropics. Area averaged total column ozone agrees with ozone fields from a multi sensor reanalysis data set to within a few percent. NO2 fields from the reanalysis show the right seasonality over polluted urban areas of the NH and over tropical biomass burning areas, but underestimate wintertime NO2 maxima over anthropogenic pollution regions and overestimate NO2 in Northern and Southern Africa during the tropical biomass burning seasons. Tropospheric HCHO is well simulated in the MACC reanalysis even though no satellite data are assimilated. It shows good agreement with independent SCIAMACHY retrievals over regions dominated by biogenic emissions with some anthropogenic input, such as the Eastern US and China, and also over African regions influenced by biogenic sources and biomass burning.

Published
2012
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19. Copernicus stratospheric ozone service, 2009–2012: validation, system intercomparison and roles of input data sets

Author

Lefever, K., primary, van der A, R., additional, Baier, F., additional, Christophe, Y., additional, Errera, Q., additional, Eskes, H., additional, Flemming, J., additional, Inness, A., additional, Jones, L., additional, Lambert, J.-C., additional, Langerock, B., additional, Schultz, M. G., additional, Stein, O., additional, Wagner, A., additional, and Chabrillat, S., additional

Published
2015
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20. Air quality and health

Author

Schmitz, R., Suppan, P., Baier, F., Franck, U., Hagen, M., Munoz, R., Forkel, R., and Nogalski, M.

Subjects
Earth sciences, ddc:550
Published
2010
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21. Air quality and health

Author

Suppan, P., Schmitz, R., Franck, U., Baier, F., Hagen, M., Munoz, R., Forkel, R., Schäfer, K., and Greb, F.

Subjects
Earth sciences, ddc:550
Published
2008
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22. Impact of different ozone sounding networks on a 4D-Var stratospheric data assimilation system

Author

Baier, F., Erbertseder, T., Elbern, H., Schwinger, J., Baier, F., Erbertseder, T., Elbern, H., and Schwinger, J.

Abstract

Observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) are performed to examine the impact of ozonesonde observations on a data assimilation system during a simulated satellite data gap during February 2003. Using the four-dimensional variational chemical data assimilation system SACADA, the relative influence of launch rates and station coverage is investigated. Starting with the VINTERSOL/MATCH campaign, different network and sounding configurations are evaluated. To quantify the performance of assimilation experiments in the lower stratosphere, analysis skill and linear pattern correlation with respect to ERA-Interim reference data are assessed for the 20 km altitude level. Using first-guess and analysis minus observation error statistics, a priori error settings are tuned to optimise the assimilation of simulated and real-world ozone soundings. In summary, it is found that, during satellite data gaps, ozonesonde data can have a significant positive impact on the mean analysis skill depending both on the number of observations and the network layout. A better distributed network based on the GAW system, with 28 stations and three soundings bi-weekly, proves clearly superior to VINTERSOL/MATCH, showing a positive gain in skill of 0.26 compared to a free-running model.

Published
2013

23. Air quality and health: a hazardeous combination of environmental risks

Author

Heinrichs, D., Krellenberg, K., Hansjürgens, B., Martínez, F., Suppan, P., Franck, Ulrich, Schmitz, R., Baier, F., Heinrichs, D., Krellenberg, K., Hansjürgens, B., Martínez, F., Suppan, P., Franck, Ulrich, Schmitz, R., and Baier, F.

Abstract

This chapter addresses the link between Santiago’s transport sector and its corresponding emissions, on the one hand, and the impact on the health of its citizens, on the other. The dispersion of pollutants at the micro and meso scale is based on an integrated approach that incorporates different platforms – satellite data, in situ measurements and emission data. Specific attention is paid to traffic emission estimates based on the traffic flow, fleet composition and emission factors in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago de Chile. Health-related indicators such as PM10, O3 and NOx are discussed and their dispersion throughout the city analysed in order to arrive at a comprehensive health impact assessment. The possible development of PM10 levels forms the basis of a detailed discussion on adverse health effects in the future.

Published
2012

33. The MACC reanalysis: an 8 yr data set of atmospheric composition.

Author

Inness, A., Baier, F., Benedetti, A., Bouarar, I., Chabrillat, S., Clark, H., Clerbaux, C., Coheur, P., Engelen, R. J., Errera, Q., Flemming, J., George, M., Granier, C., Hadji-Lazaro, J., Huijnen, V., Hurtmans, D., Jones, L., Kaiser, J. W., Kapsomenakis, J., and Lefever, K.

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC composition, NATURAL satellite atmospheres, CHEMICAL reactions, GREENHOUSE gases, ATMOSPHERIC aerosols, TROPOSPHERE, STRATOSPHERE, BIOMASS burning
Abstract

An eight-year long reanalysis of atmospheric composition data covering the period 2003-2010 was constructed as part of the FP7-funded Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate project by assimilating satellite data into a global model and data assimilation system. This reanalysis provides fields of chemically reactive gases, namely carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxides, and formaldehyde, as well as aerosols and greenhouse gases globally at a horizontal resolution of about 80 km for both the troposphere and the stratosphere. This paper describes the assimilation system for the reactive gases and presents validation results for the reactive gas analysis fields to document the data set and to give a first indication of its quality. Tropospheric CO values from the MACC reanalysis are on average 10-20% lower than routine observations from commercial aircrafts over airports through most of the troposphere, and have larger negative biases in the boundary layer at urban sites affected by air pollution, possibly due to an underestimation of CO or precursor emissions. Stratospheric ozone fields from the MACC reanalysis agree with ozonesondes and ACE-FTS data to within ±10% in most seasons and regions. In the troposphere the reanalysis shows biases of -5% to +10% with respect to ozonesondes and aircraft data in the extratropics, but has larger negative biases in the tropics. Area-averaged total column ozone agrees with ozone fields from a multi-sensor reanalysis data set to within a few percent. NO2 fields from the reanalysis show the right seasonality over polluted urban areas of the NH and over tropical biomass burning areas, but underestimate wintertime NO2 maxima over anthropogenic pollution regions and overestimate NO2 in northern and southern Africa during the tropical biomass burning seasons. Tropospheric HCHO is well simulated in the MACC reanalysis even though no satellite data are assimilated. It shows good agreement with independent SCIAMACHY retrievals over regions dominated by biogenic emissions with some anthropogenic input, such as the eastern US and China, and also over African regions influenced by biogenic sources and biomass burning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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