Search

Indian milk production has shown remarkable performance during last four decades. Although the demand for milk is increasing at faster pace in consonance with increasing per capita income, changing dietary pattern, rapid urbanization and burgeoning population, some milk producers do not find milk production as sufficiently remunerative. Keeping these facts in view, a study was conducted to document the present status and future aspirations of dairy farmers in India by 2020. Haryana, Maharashtra and Odisha states were purposively selected from highly, moderately and least dairy progressive states by stratified random sampling, respectively. The total sample size was 900 containing 300 dairy farmers from each state. Study revealed that there is a likelihood of increase in average herd size in all the three states, although number of dairy farmers are likely to decrease. In Haryana, buffalo based system will remain dominating, large scale crossbred and pure indigenous farms will arise. In Maharashtra, farmers showed more inclination towards the crossbred cattle as 44.52% wanted to increase crossbred and 30.14% wanted to carry forward the same. Indigenous cattle will be reared only in extensive system of management. Buffalo based farms will come up in the future. In Odisha, though farmers are interested in crossbred, the dairy farming is highly constrained by lack of skill, input availability especially fodder. Managerial practices in Haryana showed more inclination towards input intensive, in Maharashtra farmers are moving towards intensive system and adoption of improved housing, feeding, finance are likely to appear in Maharashtra. To achieve the future demand, efforts are required to improve the skills of farmers in low progressive states, proper breeding strategies for increasing milk potential of animals, use of local available resources and competitiveness among the farmers.

Objective: To compare the cold steel method and bipolar diathermy in tonsillectomies in terms of posttonsillectomy hemorrhage. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of ENT, Head & Neck Surgery, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Period: 29th October 2020 to 1st June 2022. Methods: A total of 102 patients of both genders with ages 3 to 59 years undergoing tonsillectomy were included. Patients undergoing antiplatelet therapy, experiencing bleeding diathesis, possessing a high anesthetic risk, having uncontrolled medical conditions, suffering from anemia, or currently dealing with acute infections were not included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups A & B. Group A patients were operated by the Cold steel method and Group B were operated by Bipolar diathermy. All the surgeries were performed by the same surgical team. Both tonsils were fully exposed by Boyl Devi's mouth gag under general anesthesia. Complete removal of both tonsils was done with the Cold steel method in group A and by using Bipolar diathermy in group B. Post-operative hemorrhage (occurring 24 hours after surgery) without the necessity to return to the operation theatre for intervention was assessed. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 20.0 ± 13.83 years and in group B was 19.12 ± 13.17 years. The majority of the patients 79 (77.45%) were between 3 to 30 years of age. Out of 102 patients, 63 (61.76%) were males and 39 (38.24%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Frequency of secondary hemorrhage in Group A (cold steel method) was found in 01 (1.96%) while in Group B (bipolar diathermy) was 06 (11.76%) (p-value = 0.050). Conclusion: This study concluded that the frequency of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage is higher in patients operated by bipolar diathermy as compared to the cold steel method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current work is an experimental study, with the primary goal of investigating and exploring ways to improve thermal contact conductance through a detailed examination and analysis of metallic contacts and discovering opportunities for enhancement, increased efficiency, and thus heat dissipation using thermal interface materials. The steady-state experiments have been carried out on a simple and calibrated experimental set-up. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to assess the thermal performance of Cu-Al contacts for the selected range of contact pressures and temperatures to suit the electronic industry's distinctive characteristics and technical requirements. As a thermal interface material, graphene paste has been tested under various combinations of interface pressure and heating circumstances against the bare metallic contacts. Error analysis has also been performed for the current experimental investigation. It has been demonstrated that using graphene paste as a thermal interface material thermal contact conductance is improved, significantly enhancing heat dissipation. The results of thermal contact conductance for graphene paste have been compared with the same for silicon grease from literature. The present results thus demonstrate the application and suitability of the selected thermal interface material in the specified range of heating and contact pressure conditions in the context of particularly thermal management applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to predict the bankruptcy risk of companies listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in India using the Altman Z-score model. By examining the impact of variable factors such as market value equity/book value of total liabilities, retained earnings/total assets, working capital/total assets, earnings before interest and taxes/total assets, and sales/total assets, the research sought to assess their influence on the financial condition of listed companies. The Altman Z-score model is a widely accepted tool for predicting bankruptcy risk and has been utilized in various industries across different countries. The model comprises five financial ratios that capture a company's liquidity, profitability, leverage, solvency, and activity. By analyzing these ratios, the model calculates a composite Z-score, which can be used to classify companies into different risk categories. Using a sample of NSE-listed companies, this study employed the Altman Z-score model to predict bankruptcy risk and examined the impact of the five variable factors on the firms' financial health. The findings provided insights into the relationship between these financial ratios and the companies' bankruptcy risk, offering valuable information for investors, policymakers, and other stakeholders in the Indian financial market. The study demonstrated the applicability of the Altman Z-score model in predicting bankruptcy risk for NSE-listed companies in India and highlighted the importance of each variable factor in assessing a firm's financial condition. These findings can help stakeholders make informed decisions regarding investment, risk management, and policy formulation in the Indian financial market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterocyclic compounds have been the subject of extensive research due to their diverse pharmacological effects. Among these molecules are quinazolinone analogs, which have demonstrated a range of pharmacological potentials. In search of novel therapeutic pharmaceutical molecules, medicinal chemistry researchers are drawn to the quinazolinone nucleus. This article aims to provide an overview of the many pharmacological activities of the quinazolinone moiety. Based on the quinazolinone moiety, more modern molecules have been developed and synthesized. These compounds show negligible toxicity and outstanding anti-disease capabilities. This paper reviews several different quinazolinone analogs and makes recommendations for future research paths in the quest to create effective quinazolinone drugs for a range of biological objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]