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This paper analyses the artistic dimensions of fine art, focusing on film and performances, and the aspects of experience by the audience of this type of art. We analyze the contribution of sound, and consider a way to, either translate relevant aspects of sound to other modalities, or use other modalities to artistically enhance the experience. We provide a conceptual framework of dynamic and interactive types of art and we discuss the development of the relation between visual art and sound and the concept of experience of art. We discuss the problems of experience if sound is not available and consider the translation of sound to other modalities. We propose an experimental design, “Ears on my Back” and show the initial development of a garment that aims at experiencing relevant sound aspects in alternative modalities. Finally, we show the challenges and opportunities of multidisciplinary collaboration in this domain.

This workshop aims at identifying, examining, structuring and sharing educational resources and approaches to support the process of teaching/learning Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) Engineering. The broadening of the range of available interaction technologies and their applications, many times in safety and mission critical areas, to novel and less understood application domains, brings the question of how to address this ever-changing nature in university curricula usually static. Beyond, as these technologies are taught in diverse curricula (ranging from Human Factors and psychology to hardcore computer science), we are interested in what the best approaches and best practices are to integrate HCI Engineering topics in the curricula of programs in software engineering, computer science, human-computer interaction, psychology, design, etc. The workshop is proposed on behalf of the IFIP Working Groups 2.7/13.4 on User Interface Engineering and 13.1 on Education in HCI and HCI Curricula.

This panel wants to start a discussion about the importance of designing new ways of Contemporary Art digitization and digitalization to foster the creation of successful user experiences for its remote fruition., This panel wants to start a discussion about the importance of designing new ways of Contemporary Art digitization and digitalization to foster the creation of successful user experiences for its remote fruition.on.

We provide our experience-based vision on teaching Interaction Design-related courses in multiple cultures. We explain how students should be treated as adults with their own learning goals and their own competence of assessing the level of professionalism reached. We analyse our approach in relation to the ACM-IEEE CC2020 Curriculum Guidelines. Finally, we provide an example of our teaching approach during lock-down.

Multisensory augmented reality enables content developers to generate more realistic, sensory rich user experiences. Applications and research related to multisensory augmented reality expands through several areas such as education, medicine, human-machine interactions, human-food interactions, marketing, and neuroscience. Aim of this workshop is to gather researchers and industry representatives who are involved in multisensory augmented reality research to discuss the current state-of-the-art in the field, define future research directions, form new collaborations, and come up with future publication plans. We believe that this workshop would enhance the participants’ experience of the Interact 2021 and encourage more participants to attend the main conference.

Music streaming platforms are currently among the main sources of music consumption, and the embedded recommender systems significantly influence what the users consume. There is an increasing interest to ensure that those platforms and systems are fair. Yet, we first need to understand what fairness means in such a context. Although artists are the main content providers for music platforms, there is a research gap concerning the artists’ perspective. To fill this gap, we conducted interviews with music artists to understand how they are affected by current platforms and what improvements they deem necessary. Using a Qualitative Content Analysis, we identify the aspects that the artists consider relevant for fair platforms. In this paper, we discuss the following aspects derived from the interviews: fragmented presentation, reaching an audience, transparency, influencing users’ listening behavior, popularity bias, artists’ repertoire size, quotas for local music, gender balance, and new music. For some topics, our findings do not indicate a clear direction about the best way how music platforms should act and function; for other topics, though, there is a clear consensus among our interviewees: for these, the artists have a clear idea of the actions that should be taken so that music platforms will be fair also for the artists. Please cite the following publication: @InProceedings{10.1007/978-3-030-85616-8_33, author="Ferraro, Andres and Serra, Xavierand Bauer, Christine", title="What Is Fair? Exploring the Artists' Perspective on the Fairness of Music Streaming Platforms", booktitle="Human-Computer Interaction -- INTERACT 2021", year="2021", publisher="Springer International Publishing", pages="562--584", isbn="978-3-030-85616-8" }

Part 1: Beyond Computers: Wearables, Humans, and Things - WHAT!; International audience; We introduce the rapid change of the visual art ecosystem, triggered by current science and technology development. ICT enables new multimedia based an interactive art forms, with an increasing variety of stakeholders. We provide examples of audience involvement, of immersion, and of brain-computer interaction as a new paradigm for participation. We point to the use of new material dimensions, as well as to expanding shared creation and cognition. We also point to opportunities to apply this development to accommodate special needs. In order to support the dissemination of these possibilities, we advocate the development of a task-modeling based ontology to describe, analyse, and support the evolving art ecosystem.

We examine the technological aspects of political collaborative practices in one of the first studies of participatory constitution writing in the course of its progression. In particular, we examine how digital collaborative and communicative tools can facilitate (or inhibit) the permeation of boundaries, which manifest through the differences in political ideologies and partisan beliefs. Our study is grounded in interviews with 15 members of the Constituent Assembly in the canton of Valais, Switzerland, and its primary contribution is in constructing a fine-grained contextualized understanding of political collaborations, their evolution, and their relationship with collaborative tools. Our findings demonstrate the centrality of versatile and widely available digital tools (such as WhatsApp and Google Docs) in political work. In addition, elected lawmakers prefer tools that allow them to organize their collaborative and communicative actions based on dynamic social boundaries, and their need for asynchronous work practices. We observed a tendency of simultaneously using multiple digital tools to accomplish specific political objectives, and leveraging them in plenary sessions for strategic advantages. On the one hand, collaborative tools enabled strategic advantages by selective permeation of boundaries across political ideologies. On the other hand, lack of awareness about boundaries between ‘private’ and ‘public’ on social networks were considered as privacy blind spots. By focusing on boundaries of different kinds, our paper elucidates how the introduction of digital technologies into political process transforms the long-established categories, distinctions and divisions that are often taken for granted.

Funding Information: This workshop was supported by the IFIP Working Group 13.10 on Human-Centred Technology for Sustainability. For more information please visit: 4se.hs-augsburg.de/wg13-10/. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing. This paper presents the results of the workshop on Human-centred Technologies for Sustainable Development Goals (HCT4SDG) - Challenges and Opportunities. The workshop was part of the 18th International Conference promoted by the IFIP Technical Committee 13 on Human-Computer Interaction (Interact 2021). Nine papers were presented by authors from several different countries and discussed in the workshop. Six of these papers were extended in this proceedings. After discussion, seven challenges and eight research opportunities were listed as expression of the participants’ views on HCT4SDG.

Funding Information: Supported by Aalto University. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Historically web sites have been developed using HTML for their markup either by authoring it directly or through abstraction to generate it. The currently available tools exist in a continuum of static, developer-oriented tools and dynamic services that cater to non-technical users. In this paper, we propose an approach that sits in the middle by using JSON for site definitions. The definition is leveraged on the client-side for editing, bridging the continuum’s ends.

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing. Several of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations have direct or indirect environmental concerns. These SDGs naturally require a greater involvement of ordinary people in achieving their targets. Data visualizations in general, and map visualizations in particular, can play an important role in assisting people to better understand environmental challenges the world is facing, and consequently change their behaviour towards a more sustainable future. In this paper we present a summary overview of the main factors that need to be considered when designing interactive map visualizations in support of these SDGs. We also provide a few examples of the use of interactive maps in web-based information systems, decision support systems, and computer games that focus on environmental issues.

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing. Several of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are directly or indirectly concerned with improving health and well-being of the world population. This paper presents an informatics-based approach to the management and monitoring of infectious diseases, in the context of one of these SDGs focusing on the eradication of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, Zika and other neglected tropical diseases. Here we outline the challenges faced by many conventional approaches to ecoepidemiological modelling and proposes a distributed interactive architecture for teamwork coordination, and data integration at different levels of information, and across disciplines. This approach is illustrated by an application to the surveillance of Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, in remote regions.

This paper describes a one-day INTERACT 2021 workshop on remote testing with users as participants. Remote user testing has been around since the mid-nineties, but the Covid-19 pandemic has boosted the interest in remote working in general and thus also remote testing. The workshop aim is to present and discuss the current state-of-the-art of remote testing methods and identify emerging trends. Subjects that will be discussed include, but are not restricted to: Remote testing methods and platforms; capturing of quantitative as well as qualitative data; moderated, unmoderated and remotely moderated tests; testing of physical products; and remote testing of participants with special needs.

To integrate UX practices in agile development is not straight forward. IT professionals struggle with integrating UX practices mainly due to lack of resources or knowledge. Additionally, it is hard to find the right timing for the UX activities and often the focus is on delivering functionality and not on understanding the users. Integrating the personas method in agile development has been suggested to extend the understanding of the real users by the IT professionals. However, studies show that the integration of personas can fail. Through interviews with IT professionals we investigate how to better the odds of a successful implementation of the persona method in agile development. The result shows that several factors have an impact on the implementation of the method. Personas is a suggested method to extend IT professionals' understanding of users and users’ needs. A common advantage expressed is that personas extend the IT professionals’ empathy for the users, but a disadvantage is that personas are typically defined at the start of a software project and gradually are forgotten, since there is little reference to the personas through the software development project. In this paper we report experiences of coaching IT professionals in defining agile user stories based on personas, called: Persona User Stories (PUS). The aim of these workshops, was to extend the usage of personas and thereby extend the IT professionals’ understanding of their users. In a research project with three companies, we coached teams of IT professionals in three-hour workshops with 76 participants in total. The workshops were conducted at each company using personas already defined by the IT professionals. The persona descriptions were based on three types of information: (a) assumptions, (b) secondary research, and (c) data specific to a project. Our findings show that personas based on assumptions result in the participants questioning the description of the personas and having difficulties in understanding the personas. For making the persona user stories (PUS), the participants used themselves more often as a reference when working with the assumption based personas, than the participants using the other two types of personas.

Funding Information: We would like to thank Professor Andrea Gaggioli for providing valuable feedback during the writing of this paper. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing. In response to an increasingly ageing world population, the World Health Organization has recently proposed a new framework – called Healthy Ageing – to better cater to older adults’ life needs and desires. This framework calls for transdisciplinary approaches to answer the challenges and opportunities posed by an ageing society. Following this framework, it is argued that the first step to accomplishing the goals of Healthy Ageing is to address the existing biases and stereotypes in the language used for addressing ageing issues. In this paper, we propose a series of linguistic guidelines that can help improve the lexicon used to talk about ageing in design research and practice, by countering many subconscious ageist biases and stereotypes. Ageism, especially in its implicit form, is a pervasive negative force that can affect not only design practitioners and researchers but also older adults, who often use ageist language to describe themselves. The proposed guidelines would also help the “false friends” of ageing people, who may be using apparently innocuous words, terminology, and remarks to refer to ageing, without perhaps realising the underlying ageist attitudes and stereotypes hidden in their used language. Overall, we aim to foster a change in design researchers’ and practitioners’ perspective on ageing, by paving the way for a transdisciplinary discourse on designing for ageing, which could then be further expanded and explored to eliminate ageism in design.

Alphanumeric passwords are still the most common form of user authentication despite well-known usability issues. These issues, including weak composition and poor memorability, have been well-established across different user groups, yet users with dyslexia have not been studied despite making up approximately 10% of the population. In this paper, we focus on understanding the user authentication experiences of people with dyslexia (PwD) in order to better understanding their attitudes towards a graphical password system that may provide a more inclusive experience. Through interactive interviews, participants were encouraged to try three different knowledge-based authentication systems (PIN, password, and graphical password) and then discuss their strategies behind code composition. We found that PwD employed potentially dangerous workarounds when composing passwords, in particular an over-reliance on pattern-based composition. We report on how PwD do not immediately see the benefits of graphical passwords, but upon experiencing the mechanism we see opportunities for more inclusive authentication.

Publisher Copyright: © 2021, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing. Increasing use of online conferencing systems, particularly over the past year, has highlighted problems in these systems, especially their poor support for small group interactions within larger meetings. These include clumsy small group formation (e.g., issues around joining and leaving existing groups), the difficulty of getting the correct level of audio isolation between groups, poor provision for shared editing of documents, as well as fatiguing aspects of video conferencing caused by presentation format and the necessity of remaining on camera view. This paper describes the motivation, design and implementation of a prototype online conferencing system, called BubbleVideo. Building on both virtual world and pure video paradigms, it implements an extensive 2D world with shared documents, in which users appear through real-time video, presented in “bubbles” that can be moved around. Users are given the possibility of deciding whether to join a group by viewing a conversation “leakage”, which group members can share with outsiders.

Architecture has been taking new turns with rapidly developing digital design and fabrication technologies. Consequently, establishing a link between physical and virtual design methods remains an open area for investigation. This paper explores the contemporary idea generation methods and the role of physical and digital design techniques in the initial design processes of architecture. We report our findings from interviews conducted with 14 participants consisting of experts and practitioners from the architecture field. Then, we discuss potential application areas of the results in the context of HCI research.

Electric stand-up scooters (e-scooters) are introduced in several cities worldwide, providing new means for people to travel around the city. While praised for their flexibility, e-scooters are also met with negative sentiments due to fatal accidents and chaotic parking. In this paper, we seek to understand the mobility of shared e-scooters and point to gaps in the user interaction between the digital and physical world. We carried out three data collections, including interviews, in situ observation, analysis of news media coverage. Our findings illustrate integration with alternate modes of transportation in urban context, and how technologies facilitate or hinder (micro-) mobility. We found that users of e-scooters primarily view these devices as an alternative to walking rather than other transportation forms. Additionally, we found that users’ and non-users’ needs, perspectives and experiences of e-scooters clash, in particular with regard to perceptions of sustainability. Based on these findings, we present three relevant perspectives of sustainability, extending the ongoing debate of sustainable HCI research. We contribute with an empirically supported understanding of the perception of mobility and sustainability for e-scooters in a Scandinavian urban context.

Publisher Copyright: © 2021, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing. A human-centred approach to technology design for addressing sustainable development goals demands rethinking the way technological solutions are developed and deployed, taking into account situated design solutions and their impact on the social, economic and environmental aspects. For technology designers, this provides an opportunity to bridge the gap between the real and the ideal worlds. This workshop aims at building an agenda that defines challenges and opportunities for the design of interactive technologies, which promote fairness and prosperity on the planet, and contribute towards one or more of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

We present IntraVox, a novel voice-based interaction system that supports users with complex needs by introducing a highly personalized, human voice command between smart home devices and sensors. Voice-enabled personal assistants (e.g., Amazon Alexa, Google Home) can be used to control smart home devices and increase the quality of life. However, people suffering from conditions such as dementia or learning disabilities and autism (LDA) can encounter verbal and memory problems in communicating with the assistants. IntraVox supports these users by verbally sending smart home control commands, based on the sensor data collected, to a voice-enabled personal assistant using a human voice. Over 12 months, we conducted 7 workshops and 9 interviews with 79 participants from multiple stakeholder categories - people with LDA, older and frail people, social and health care organisations. Results show that our solution has the potential to support people with complex needs and increase independence. Moreover, IntraVox could have the added value of reinforcing the learning of specific commands and making visible the inner workings of a home automation system, by giving users a clear cause-and-effect explanation of why certain events occur.

In interactive information-seeking, a user often performs many interrelated queries and interactions covering multiple aspects of a broad topic of interest. Especially in difficult information-seeking tasks the user may need to find what is in common among such multiple aspects. Therefore, the user may need to compare and combine results across queries. While methods to combine queries or rankings have been proposed, little attention has been paid to interactive support for combining multiple queries in exploratory search. We introduce an interactive information retrieval system for exploratory search with multiple simultaneous search queries that can be combined. The user is able to direct search in the multiple queries, and combine queries by two operations: intersection and difference, which reveal what is relevant to the user intent of two queries, and what is relevant to one but not the other. Search is directed by relevance feedback on visualized user intent models of each query. Operations on queries act directly on the intent models inferring a combined user intent model. Each combination yields a new result (ranking) and acts as a new search that can be interactively directed and further combined. User experiments on difficult information-seeking tasks show that our novel system with query operations yields more relevant top-ranked documents in a shorter time than a baseline multiple-query system. acceptedVersion

Touchscreens today represent the most versatile solution for configuring user interfaces. A toll for this versatility is the intangibility of the displayed virtual controls. The addition of haptic feedback can improve their manipulation by reinforcing or even substituting visual information. While haptic rendering of virtual buttons is advancing, tangible knobs seem yet to come, possibly due to the inherent difficulty to conceptualize rotation as an interaction primitive in absence of a physical control. To address this issue, we propose a hybrid solution consisting in an endless knob with programmable resistance to rotation. Compared to existing related devices, it minimizes costs, encumbrance and power consumption, making its installation also possible on portable equipment. After describing its design and main features, we present a test which assessed how haptic feedback rendered by the knob affects performance in a visual target-matching task: users had to select targets placed on a horizontal slider by dragging its cursor through knob rotation. Results show that haptic augmentation significantly improved target acquisition., + ID: 585524 + Serientitel: Lecture Notes in Computer Science + PeerReviewed

Algorithms are present in many of our everyday activities. However, there is generally low awareness of their presence among users, and there are various conceptualizations to define them. Additionally, algorithms are often both complex and opaque. These characteristics raise challenges when applying co-design activities to the interaction design of algorithms. We argue that researchers can overcome these challenges by developing sensitizing activities: activities that foreground the presence of algorithms, thus raising algorithmic awareness and a shared understanding, without influencing their initial experiences and expectations. We share how we applied sensitizing activities in two case studies: sensitizing interviews, and diary studies together with two-phase workshops. We share our experiences applying these techniques to overcome the challenges of low algorithmic awareness and multiple algorithmic understandings of participants. Finally, we offer recommendations for researchers and practitioners when applying sensitizing activities in this design context and invite further methodological discussion on this challenging topic. no ISSN ispartof: NordiCHI '20: Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society ispartof: Nordic forum for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research NordiCHI location:Tallin date:25 Oct - 29 Oct 2020 status: Published online

International audience; Authentication is a security function, added on top of an interactive system, whose role is to reduce organizations and users’ risks to grant access to sensitive data or critical resources to unauthorized users. Such a security function interfere with users’ goals and tasks by adding articulatory activities, which affect each dimension of usability. In order to mitigate their negative effect on usability, security functions must be designed following a User Centered Approach. In order to ensure their efficiency in terms of security, security processes have to be followed. With this respect, this paper focuses on the representation of user tasks (using task modelling techniques) to be performed during authentication. For security aspects, we propose the use of an approach called “attack trees” which represents threats and their effect. To integrate both aspects in a single framework, we propose an extended task modelling technique that is able to represent explicitly security threats and their potential effect together with users’ tasks performed during authentication. We show how such models can be used to compare the usability and the security of different authentication mechanisms and to make explicit conflicts between these properties. We exemplify the use of the approach on two sophisticated authentication mechanisms demonstrating its applicability and its usefulness for representing and assessing in a single framework, usability and security of these security mechanism.

This study explores the use of natural language to give instructions that might be interpreted by Internet of Things (IoT) devices in a domestic `smart home' environment. We start from the proposition that reminders can be considered as a type of end-user programming, in which the executed actions might be performed either by an automated agent or by the author of the reminder. We conducted an experiment in which people wrote sticky notes specifying future actions in their home. In different conditions, these notes were addressed to themselves, to others, or to a computer agent.We analyse the linguistic features and strategies that are used to achieve these tasks, including the use of graphical resources as an informal visual language. The findings provide a basis for design guidance related to end-user development for the Internet of Things., Comment: Proceedings of the 5th International symposium on End-User Development (IS-EUD), Madrid, Spain, May, 2015

Mainstream display technologies have progressed towards higher resolutions and contrast levels. However, for IoT applications, where displays are embedded in the environment, there are requirements to optimize displays for lower power consumption or minimal environmental impact, potentially sacrificing contrast or switching time. We approach this issue by considering the spatial design of UI components. As a first step, we explore switch type UI components (e.g., check box, toggle switch) and evaluate the performance of 4 alternative spatial designs at low contrast levels. As a contribution, we open the issue of spatial UI design for low contrast and demonstrate an approach for its evaluation.

The meSch project addresses the challenges of creating a personally meaningful, sensorily rich, and socially expanded museum visitor experience through tangible and embodied interaction with digital content. It is of paramount importance that cultural heritage professionals are directly involved in the design of those experiences. The meSch approach is to empower cultural heritage professionals with tools that guide them through a do-it-yourself process of creating or adapting digitally augmented experiences for their own museum spaces, therefore reducing the barriers of introducing Internet of Things technology in cultural heritage spaces.