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1. Diverse Organic-Mineral Associations in Jezero Crater, Mars

Author

Sunanda Sharma, Ryan D. Roppel, Ashley E. Murphy, Luther W. Beegle, Rohit Bhartia, Andrew Steele, Joseph Razzell Hollis, Sandra Siljeström, Francis M. McCubbin, Sanford A. Asher, William J. Abbey, Abigail C. Allwood, Eve L. Berger, Benjamin L. Bleefeld, Aaron S. Burton, Sergei V. Bykov, Emily L. Cardarelli, Pamela G. Conrad, Andrea Corpolongo, Andrew D. Czaja, Lauren P. DeFlores, Kenneth Edgett, Kenneth A. Farley, Teresa Fornaro, Allison C. Fox, Marc D. Fries, David Harker, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, Joshua Huggett, Samara Imbeah, Ryan S. Jakubek, Linda C. Kah, Carina Lee, Yang Liu, Angela Magee, Michelle Minitti, Kelsey R. Moore, Alyssa Pascuzzo, Carolina Rodriguez Sanchez-Vahamonde, Eva L. Scheller, Svetlana Shkolyar, Kathryn M. Stack, Kim Steadman, Michael Tuite, Kyle Uckert, Alyssa Werynski, Roger C. Wiens, Amy J. Williams, Katherine Winchell, Megan R. Kennedy, and Anastasia Yanchilina

Subjects
Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration, Geosciences (General)
Abstract

The presence and distribution of preserved organic matter on the surface of Mars can provide key information about the Martian carbon cycle and the potential of the planet to host life throughout its history. Several types of organic molecules have been previously detected in Martian meteorites1 and at Gale crater, Mars. Evaluating the diversity and detectability of organic matter elsewhere on Mars is important for understanding the extent and diversity of Martian surface processes and the potential availability of carbon sources1,5,6. Here we report the detection of Raman and fluorescence spectra consistent with several species of aromatic organic molecules in the Máaz and Séítah formations within the Crater Floor sequences of Jezero crater, Mars. We report specific fluorescence-mineral associations consistent with many classes of organic molecules occurring in different spatial patterns within these compositionally distinct formations, potentially indicating different fates of carbon across environments. Our findings suggest there may be a diversity of aromatic molecules prevalent on the Martian surface, and these materials persist despite exposure to surface conditions. These potential organic molecules are largely found within minerals linked to aqueous processes, indicating that these processes may have had a key role in organic synthesis, transport or preservation.

Published
2023
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2. Aqueous alteration processes in Jezero crater, Mars—implications for organic geochemistry

Author

Eva L. Scheller, Joseph Razzell Hollis, Emily L. Cardarelli, Andrew Steele, Luther W. Beegle, Rohit Bhartia, Pamela Conrad, Kyle Uckert, Sunanda Sharma, Bethany L. Ehlmann, William J. Abbey, Sanford A. Asher, Kathleen C. Benison, Eve L. Berger, Olivier Beyssac, Benjamin L. Bleefeld, Tanja Bosak, Adrian J. Brown, Aaron S. Burton, Sergei V. Bykov, Ed Cloutis, Alberto G. Fairén, Lauren DeFlores, Kenneth A. Farley, Deidra M. Fey, Teresa Fornaro, Allison C. Fox, Marc Fries, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, William F. Hug, Joshua E. Huggett, Samara Imbeah, Ryan S. Jakubek, Linda C. Kah, Peter Kelemen, Megan R. Kennedy, Tanya Kizovski, Carina Lee, Yang Liu, Lucia Mandon, Francis M. McCubbin, Kelsey R. Moore, Brian E. Nixon, Jorge I. Núñez, Carolina Rodriguez Sanchez-Vahamonde, Ryan D. Roppel, Mitchell Schulte, Mark A. Sephton, Shiv K. Sharma, Sandra Siljeström, Svetlana Shkolyar, David L. Shuster, Justin I. Simon, Rebecca J. Smith, Kathryn M. Stack, Kim Steadman, Benjamin P. Weiss, Alyssa Werynski, Amy J. Williams, Roger C. Wiens, Kenneth H. Williford, Kathrine Winchell, Brittan Wogsland, Anastasia Yanchilina, Rachel Yingling, and Maria-Paz Zorzano

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Abstract

The Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater, Mars, in February 2021. We used the Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) instrument to perform deep-ultraviolet Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy of three rocks within the crater. We identify evidence for two distinct ancient aqueous environments at different times. Reactions with liquid water formed carbonates in an olivine-rich igneous rock. A sulfate-perchlorate mixture is present in the rocks, which probably formed by later modifications of the rocks by brine. Fluorescence signatures consistent with aromatic organic compounds occur throughout these rocks and are preserved in minerals related to both aqueous environments.

Published
2022

3. SHERLOC Raman Mineral Class Detections of the Mars 2020 Crater Floor Campaign

Author

Andrea Corpolongo, Ryan S. Jakubek, Aaron S. Burton, Adrian J. Brown, Anastasia Yanchilina, Andrew D. Czaja, Andrew Steele, Brittan V. Wogsland, Carina Lee, David Flannery, Desirée Baker, Edward A. Cloutis, Emily Cardarelli, Eva L. Scheller, Eve L. Berger, Francis M. McCubbin, Joseph Razzell Hollis, Keyron Hickman‐Lewis, Kim Steadman, Kyle Uckert, Lauren DeFlores, Linda Kah, Luther W. Beegle, Marc Fries, Michelle Minitti, Nikole C. Haney, Pamela Conrad, Richard V. Morris, Rohit Bhartia, Ryan Roppel, Sandra Siljeström, Sanford A. Asher, Sergei V. Bykov, Sunanda Sharma, Svetlana Shkolyar, Teresa Fornaro, and William Abbey

Subjects
Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Published
2023

4. The power of paired proximity science observations: Co-located data from SHERLOC and PIXL on Mars

Author

Joseph Razzell Hollis, Kelsey R. Moore, Sunanda Sharma, Luther Beegle, John P. Grotzinger, Abigail Allwood, William Abbey, Rohit Bhartia, Adrian J. Brown, Benton Clark, Edward Cloutis, Andrea Corpolongo, Jesper Henneke, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, Joel A. Hurowitz, Michael W.M. Jones, Yang Liu, Jesús Martinez-Frías, Ashley Murphy, David A.K. Pedersen, Svetlana Shkolyar, Sandra Siljeström, Andrew Steele, Mike Tice, Alan Treiman, Kyle Uckert, Scott VanBommel, and Anastasia Yanchilina

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a synthesis of PIXL elemental data and SHERLOC Raman spectra collected on two targets investigated by the Perseverance rover during the first year of its exploration of Jezero Crater, Mars. The Bellegarde target (in the Máaz formation) and Dourbes target (in the Séítah formation) exhibit distinctive mineralogies that are an ideal case study for in situ analysis by SHERLOC and PIXL. Each instrument alone produces valuable data about the chemistry and spatial distribution of mineral phases at the sub-millimeter scale. However, combining data from both instruments provides a more robust interpretation that overcomes the limitations of either instrument, for example: 1) Detection of correlated calcium and sulfur in Bellegarde by PIXL is corroborated by the co-located detection of calcium sulfate by SHERLOC. 2) Detection of sodium and chlorine in Dourbes is consistent with either chloride or oxychlorine salts, but SHERLOC does not detect perchlorate or chlorate. 3) A Raman peak at 1120 cm−1 in Dourbes could be sulfate or pyroxene, but elemental abundances from PIXL at that location are a better match to pyroxene. This study emphasizes the importance of analyzing co-located data from both instruments together, to obtain a more complete picture of sub-millimeter-scale mineralogy measured in situ in Jezero crater, Mars, by the Perseverance rover.

Published
2022

11. Reconstructing Past Sea Level Change to Understand the Future

Author

Heather Bervid, Elena Steponaitis, and Anastasia Yanchilina

Subjects
Past sea level, Geography, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Physical geography
Abstract

PALSEA2 2016 Workshop: Sea-Level Budgets at Decadal to Millennial Time Scales to Bridge the Paleo and Instrumental Records; Mount Hood, Oregon, 19–21 September 2016

Published
2017

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