Search

This study is a systematic review and aims to analyze how research on industry 4.0 is contributing to a greater understanding ofthe effects of the implementation of industry 4.0 on sustainability. This study was done by mapping the existing research, usingselection, eligibility and inclusion criteria as the guiding principle of the PRISMA methodology technique (Preferred ReportingItems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The selection of articles in the databases consulted was based on the crossingof the terms "Industry 4.0" and "sustainability". The research brings as results the main challenges for the implementation oftechnologies related to industry 4.0, among them the lack of technological infrastructure and resources for investment and whatthe possible benefits for sustainability this implementation can bring, such as the reduction in the consumption of resourcesat all stages of production, as well as the environmental impacts generated. Through this study it was possible to conclude thatdespite presenting factors that positively influence the sustainability of companies, the implementation of new technologies for the adoption of the concept of industry 4.0, is still surrounded by risks and challenges and there is a need for further studies thatexplore and consolidate the results of the fourth industrial revolution.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate periodontal parameters in orthodontically tractioned teeth compared with the respective non-tractioned contralateral teeth.Search strategies were developed for six electronic databases and gray literature. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes of interest. Furthermore, the certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) tool.Overall, 2,082 articles were identified, of which 24 were selected for the qualitative synthesis. A significant difference was observed between the impacted and contralateral teeth (mean difference [MD] = 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10-0.40; IThe evidence in the literature indicated that tractioned teeth might show worsening of periodontal parameters related to the gingival index and probing depth; however, the evidence remains uncertain about this outcome. Furthermore, probing depth should be considered regarding its clinical significance because of the small effect size observed.

Organoids generated from human pluripotent stem cells provide experimental systems to study development and disease, but quantitative measurements across different spatial scales and molecular modalities are lacking. In this study, we generated multiplexed protein maps over a retinal organoid time course and primary adult human retinal tissue. We developed a toolkit to visualize progenitor and neuron location, the spatial arrangements of extracellular and subcellular components and global patterning in each organoid and primary tissue. In addition, we generated a single-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility timecourse dataset and inferred a gene regulatory network underlying organoid development. We integrated genomic data with spatially segmented nuclei into a multimodal atlas to explore organoid patterning and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) spatial neighborhoods, highlighting pathways involved in RGC cell death and showing that mosaic genetic perturbations in retinal organoids provide insight into cell fate regulation., Nature Biotechnology, ISSN:1546-1696, ISSN:1087-0156

Com o crescente número de empreendedores surgindo na sociedade, sejam eles de pequeno, médio ou grande porte, manter um bom planejamento tributário tornou-se primordial para garantir que as entidades possam manter suas obrigações frente ao fisco. Portanto, este artigo busca apresentar o que vem a ser o planejamento tributário e quais são os regimes tributários presentes na legislação brasileira, com enfoque no Simples Nacional e no Lucro Presumido, de modo a proporcionar uma melhor eficiência na redução dos impostos, levando a melhores resultados econômico-financeiros às empresas. Parte-se, principalmente, da grande falta de informação dispostas às pessoas que não possuem contato com termos e procedimentos contábeis e, devido à ausência de tais informações, grande é o número de erros que ocorrem ao decidir o regime de tributação, que leva a inadimplência junto ao fisco bem como multas e perdas financeiras. Assim, sendo, tem como questão norteadora: Qual a importância de um planejamento tributário para as empresas, independente do porte, ramo de atividade ou forma de tributação? O objetivo geral do presente estudo será detalhar cada Regime Tributário e identificar como eles irão contribuir para a redução de tributação. O desenvolvimento deste artigo foi baseado em pesquisas bibliográficas em livros e legislações, onde apresentam-se todos impostos e percentuais dos regimes tributários apresentados, para cada tipo de ramo empresarial sejam eles comércios, serviços ou indústrias, seu porte e sua renda obtida. Com base nos dados apresentados, pode-se avaliar a situação da empresa na sua fundação e garantir que a mesma obtenha bons resultados, fazendo o uso do planejamento tributário no futuro para que seja avaliada uma mudança de regime tributário dependendo da expansão da empresa.

Os pacientes portadores do Diabetes Mellitus (DM), tipo 1 e tipo 2, possuem maiores chances de desenvolver doenças periodontais com maior velocidade de progressão e gravidade. O objetivo do estudo é apresentar a relação bidirecional entre por meio da revisão da literatura, a relação bidirecional entre Doença Periodontal (DP) e Diabetes Mellitus em crianças e adolescentes. Foram pesquisados artigos de estudos observacionais nas bases de dados BVS (Lilacs e Bbo), Pubmed e Scielo, publicados entre 2008 e 2018. Os artigos evidenciaram que a Doença Periodontal tem característica inflamatória multifatorial, que em estágios mais graves pode evoluir para mobilidade e perda precoce dos dentes. Desta forma, a literatura evidencia uma forte ligação bidirecional entre a saúde bucal e a saúde sistêmica, sendo a Diabetes Mellitus um fator de risco para a periodontite em crianças e adolescentes. Esse estudo reitera a relação bilateral entre doença periodontal e Diabetes Mellitus e demonstra que crianças e adolescentes com essa condição sistêmica podem sofrer alterações na resistência bacteriana e exacerbar infecções existentes.

Pivotal barrier properties of the hydrophobic plant cuticle covering aerial plant surfaces depend on its physicochemical composition. Among plant species and organs, compounds of this boundary layer between the plant interior and the environment vary considerably but cuticle-related studies comparing different organs from the same plant species are still scarce. Thus, this study focused on the cuticle profiles of Physalis peruviana, Physalis ixocarpa, Alkekengi officinarum, and Nicandra physalodes species. Inflated fruiting calyces enveloping fruits make Physalis, Alkekengi, and Nicandra highly recognizable genera among the Solanoideae subfamily. Although the inflation of fruiting calyces is well discussed in the literature still little is known about their post-floral functionalities. Cuticular composition, surface structure, and barrier function were examined and compared in fully expanded amphistomatous leaves, ripe astomatous fruits, and fully inflated hypostomatous fruiting calyces. Species- and organ-specific abundances of non-glandular and glandular trichomes revealed high structural diversity, covering not only abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces but also fruiting calyx surfaces, whereas fruits were glabrous. Cuticular waxes, which limit non-stomatal transpiration, ranged from −2 on P. peruviana fruiting calyces and N. physalodes fruits to 22 μg cm−2 on P. peruviana fruits. Very-long-chain aliphatic compounds, notably n-alkanes, iso-, and anteiso-branched alkanes, alkanols, alkanoic acids, and alkyl esters, dominated the cuticular wax coverages (≥86%). Diversity of cuticular wax patterns rose from leaves to fruiting calyces and peaked in fruits. The polymeric cutin matrix providing the structural framework for cuticular waxes was determined to range from 81 μg cm−2 for N. physalodes to 571 μg cm−2 for A. officinarum fruits. Cuticular transpiration barriers were highly efficient, with water permeabilities being ≤5 × 10−5 m s−1. Only the cuticular water permeability of N. physalodes fruits was 10 × 10−5 m s−1 leading to their early desiccation and fruits that easily split, whereas P. peruviana, P. ixocarpa, and A. officinarum bore fleshy fruits for extended periods after maturation. Regarding the functional significance, fruiting calyces establish a physicochemical shield that reduces water loss and enables fruit maturation within a protective microclimate, and promotes different seed dispersal strategies among plant species investigated.

Este artigo tem como objetivo o levantamento do conhecimento da população em geral e pelos profissionais da área de saúde, sobre o Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro, seus campos de atuação e ações praticadas. Tendo em vista a influência e importância do mesmo para o desenvolvimento regional. Inicialmente foi realizada uma breve exposição sobre esses fatores de conhecimentos citados e uma pesquisa de levantamento de natureza aplicada e objetivo descritivo com delineamento transversal, para mensurar o nível de conhecimento do público-alvo. A pesquisa demonstrou que o nível de conhecimento da população sobre o assunto está abaixo do esperado, considerando a relevância do SUS, sua participação social e contribuição para o desenvolvimento regional.

Background In the Brazilian Amazon, snakebite envenomings (SBE) disproportionately affect indigenous peoples. Communication between indigenous and biomedical health sectors in regards to SBEs has never been explored in this region. This study aims to build an explanatory model (EM) of the indigenous healthcare domain for SBE patients from the perspective of the indigenous caregivers. Methodology/Principal findings This is a qualitative study involving in-depth interviews of eight indigenous caregivers who are representatives of the Tikuna, Kokama and Kambeba ethnic groups, in the Alto Solimões River, western Brazilian Amazon. Data analysis was carried out via deductive thematic analysis. A framework was built containing the explanations based on three explanatory model (EM) components: etiology, course of sickness, and treatment. To indigenous caregivers, snakes are enemies and present conscience and intention. Snakebites have a natural or a supernatural cause, the last being more difficult to prevent and treat. Use of ayahuasca tea is a strategy used by some caregivers to identify the underlying cause of the SBE. Severe or lethal SBEs are understood as having been triggered by sorcery. Treatment is characterized by four components: i) immediate self-care; ii) first care in the village, mostly including tobacco smoking, chants and prayers, combined with the intake of animal bile and emetic plants; iii) a stay in a hospital, to receive antivenom and other treatments; iv) care in the village after hospital discharge, which is a phase of re-establishment of well-being and reintroduction into social life, using tobacco smoking, massages and compresses to the affected limb, and teas of bitter plants. Dietary taboos and behavioral interdictions (avoiding contact with menstruating and pregnant women) prevent complications, relapses, and death, and must be performed up to three months after the snakebite. Caregivers are in favor of antivenom treatment in indigenous areas. Conclusions/Significance There is a potential for articulation between different healthcare sectors to improve the management of SBEs in the Amazon region, and the aim is to decentralize antivenom treatment so that it occurs in indigenous health centers with the active participation of the indigenous caregivers.

Objetivo: O objetivo do trabalho foi correlacionar o nível de motricidade com a qualidade de vida de crianças na pandemia. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, de caráter quantitativo e natureza descritiva e exploratória que compreendeu uma amostra final de 75 escolares, com idade entre 9 e 10 anos, matriculados em escolas públicas. As crianças responderam um questionário sobre seu perfil sociodemográfico e escolar na pandemia. A avaliação do desempenho motor ocorreu por meio da EDM de Rosa Neto (2002), enquanto a percepção subjetiva de qualidade de vida dos escolares através do questionário AUQEI. Resultados: A grande maioria dos escolares apresentaram um nível de qualidade de vida satisfatório (76%). Ao analisar isoladamente os domínios, constatou-se que o item “autonomia” dos avaliados possui prevalência (92%) de escolares que demostraram insatisfação. Percebeu-se que a grande maioria se mostrou estar dentro dos padrões de normalidade para aos níveis de desenvolvimento motor (62,7%) e ao associar à qualidade de vida, não foi confirmado nenhuma diferença significativa (p

To describe the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of participants as well as discontinuation and mortality rates in a cardiac rehabilitation programme (CRP) tailored to Chagas disease (CD).Participants underwent functional capacity, anthropometry and cardiac function evaluations before beginning a CRP. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were performed to investigate the associations between clinical and sociodemographic characteristics at baseline with discontinuation rates and deaths.Forty-two patients were enrolled in the CRP (61.9% men, mean age of 58.1 ± 11.8 years). During a median follow-up period of 10.8 months, 74% discontinued and 14% died while enrolled in CRP. 34% of the patients who discontinued CRP died during follow-up. White race (HR = 0.09; 95% CI 0.01-1.00), right ventricular systolic dysfunction (HR = 10.54; 95% CI 1.24-89.50) and oxygen pulse (HR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.48-0.99) were independently associated with death while enrolled in CRP. Married status (HR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.21-0.95) was independently associated with discontinuation rates from CRP. VOIn this population, sociodemographic aspects and severity of CD were important determinants of CRP discontinuation and mortality.Décrire les caractéristiques cliniques et sociodémographiques des participants ainsi que les taux d'abandon et de décès dans un programme de réadaptation cardiaque (PRC) adapté à la maladie de Chagas (MC). MÉTHODES: Les participants ont subi des évaluations de la capacité fonctionnelle, de l'anthropométrie et de la fonction cardiaque avant de commencer un PRC. Des modèles de risques proportionnels de Cox univariés et multivariés ont été appliqués pour étudier les associations entre les caractéristiques cliniques et sociodémographiques au départ avec les taux d'abandon et les décès. RÉSULTATS: 42 patients ont été enrôlés dans le PRC (61,9% d'hommes, âge moyen de 58,1 ± 11,8 ans). Au cours d'une période médiane de suivi de 10,8 mois, 74% ont abandonné et 14% sont décédés durant leur enrôlement au PRC. 34% des patients qui ont arrêté le PRC sont décédés au cours du suivi. La race blanche (HR = 0,09; IC95%: 0,01-1,00), le dysfonctionnement systolique ventriculaire droite (HR = 10,54; IC95%: 1,24-89,50) et le pouls d'oxygène (HR = 0,69; IC95%: 0,48-0,99) étaient indépendamment associés avec le décès lors de l’enrôlement au PRC. Le statut marié (HR = 0,44; IC95%: 0,21-0,95) était indépendamment associé aux taux d'abandon de la CRP. Le pic de VO2 (HR = 0,85; IC95%: 0,74-0,98) et l'arrêt du PRC pour des raisons liées à la MC (HR = 8,33; IC95%: 1,91 à 36,27) étaient les variables indépendamment associées au décès après l'arrêt du PRC.Dans cette population, les aspects sociodémographiques et la sévérité de la MC étaient des déterminants importants de l'arrêt du PRC et du décès.

Este estudo trata se de uma revisão sistemática e tem como objetivo analisar como a pesquisa sobre a indústria 4.0 está contribuindo para um maior entendimento dos efeitos da implantação da indústria 4.0 na sustentabilidade. Este estudo foi feito mapeando a pesquisa já existente, utilizando critérios de seleção, elegibilidade e inclusão como eixo norteador da técnica da metodologia PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). A seleção dos artigos nas bases de dados consultadas foi baseada no cruzamento dos termos “Industry 4.0” e “Sustainability”. A pesquisa traz como resultados os principais desafios para a implantação das tecnologias referentes à indústria 4.0, entre eles a falta de infraestrutura tecnológica e de recursos para investimento e quais os possíveis benefícios para a sustentabilidade que essa implantação pode trazer, como a redução no consumo de recursos em todas as fases da produção, bem como nos impactos ambientais gerados. Através deste estudo foi possível concluir que apesar de apresentar fatores que influenciam positivamente na sustentabilidade das empresas, a implantação das novas tecnologias para a adoção do conceito de indústria 4.0, ainda está cercada de riscos e desafios e existe a necessidade de novos estudos que explorem e consolidem os resultados referentes à quarta revolução industrial., This study is a systematic review and aims to analyze how research on industry 4.0 is contributing to a greater understanding of the effects of the implementation of industry 4.0 on sustainability. This study was done by mapping the existing research, using selection, eligibility and inclusion criteria as the guiding principle of the PRISMA methodology technique (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The selection of articles in the databases consulted was based on the crossing of the terms "Industry 4.0" and "sustainability". The research brings as results the main challenges for the implementation of technologies related to industry 4.0, among them the lack of technological infrastructure and resources for investment and what the possible benefits for sustainability this implementation can bring, such as the reduction in the consumption of resources at all stages of production, as well as the environmental impacts generated. Through this study it was possible to conclude that despite presenting factors that positively influence the sustainability of companies, the implementation of new technologies for the adoption of the concept of industry 4.0, is still surrounded by risks and challenges and there is a need for further studies that explore and consolidate the results of the fourth industrial revolution., Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

Methods to generate human intestinal tissue from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) open new inroads into modeling intestine development and disease. However, current protocols require organoid transplantation into an immunocompromised mouse to achieve matured and differentiated epithelial cell states. Inspired by developmental reconstructions from primary tissues, we establish a regimen of inductive cues that enable stem cell maturation and epithelial differentiation entirely in vitro. We show that the niche factor Neuregulin1 (NRG1) promotes morphological change from proliferative epithelial cysts to matured epithelial tissue in three-dimensional cultures. Single-cell transcriptome analyses reveal differentiated epithelial cell populations, including diverse secretory and absorptive lineages. Comparison to multi-organ developmental and adult intestinal cell atlases confirm the specificity and maturation state of cell populations. Altogether, this work opens a new direction to use in vitro matured epithelium from human PSCs to study human intestinal epithelium development, disease, and evolution in controlled culture environments.

The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of Dioctophyme renale in the left kidney of feline along with the presence, and the occurrence of left perirenal fibrosarcoma. It was attended in hospital veterinary of the UFPel at a 10-year-old cat complaining of abdominal pain and prostration was treated. Imaging studies suggested neoplasms in the left perirenal region. The animal underwent laparotomy where intense adhesion of a tumor mass to the kidney was observed, which led to nephrectomy of the left kidney. Tumor mass and left kidney were referred for histopathological study. On macroscopic examination, the affected kidney had parenchymal atrophy and the organ capsule was thickened and cystic aspect was seen with a yellowish liquid content and structures similar to a degenerate Dioctophyme renale. The tumor mass was whitish, firm and well vascularized. Histologically, pleomorphic, sarcomatous neoplastic cells and fibrous connective tissue stroma were observed that could be arranged in bundles or nests. The Masson’s Trichrome staing showed collagen fibers and fibrous connective tissue stroma allowing the diagnosis of fibrosarcoma. In this report, three unusual facts were discussed: a) occurrence of Dioctophyme renale in felines b) left kidney involvement. c) perirenal fibrosarcoma with the suggestion of some involvement with Dioctophyme renale parasitism. El objetivo de este estudio fue informar la ocurrencia de Dioctophyme renale, en el riñón izquierdo de un felino que también lo tenía, y la ocurrencia de fibrosarcoma perirrenal izquierdo. Un gato de 10 años con dolor abdominal y próteses fue tratado en el hospital de la clínica veterinaria UFPel. Los exámenes de imagen sugerían una neoplasia en la región perirrenal izquierda. El animal fue sometido a laparotomía donde se observó una intensa adhesión de una masa tumoral al riñón, que condujo a la anfrectomía del riñón izquierdo y la masa tumoral y el riñón izquierdo se enviaron para su estudio histopatológico. En el examen macroscópico, el riñón afectado presentaba atrofia del parénquima y la cápsula del órgano estaba engrossada, presentaba un aspecto quístico con un líquido amarillento que contenía estructuras similares al Dioctophyme renale degenerado. La masa tumoral era blanquecina, firme y bien vascularizada. Histológicamente se observaron células neoplásicas pleomórficas y sarcomatosas que podían disponerse em haces o nidos. La tinción con Tricrómico de Masson mostró fibras de colágeno y estroma de tejido conectivo fibroso, lo que permitió el diagnóstico de fibrosarcoma. En este informe se discuten tres hechos inusuales: a) aparición de Dioctophyme renale en felinos b) afectación del riñón izquierdo c) el fibrosarcoma perirrenal como sugerencia de alguna implicación con el parasitismo de Dioctophyme renale. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência de parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale, em rim esquerdo de um felino que também apresentou fibrossarcoma perirrenal esquerdo. Foi atendida no Hospital de clínicas veterinárias da UFPEL uma gata de 10 anos com queixa de dor abdominal e prostração. Exames de imagem sugeriram neoplasma em região perirrenal esquerda. O animal foi submetido a laparotomia, onde observou-se massa tumoral aderida ao rim esquerdo, motivo que levou a realização d nefrectomia A massa tumoral e o rim esquerdo foram encaminhados para estudo histopatológico. No exame macroscópico o rim acometido apresentava atrofia do parênquima, cápsula espessada e aspecto cístico com presença de líquido amarelado contendo estruturas degeneradas identificadas como Dioctophyme renale. A massa tumoral era esbranquiçada, firme e bem vascularizada. Histologicamente a massa era constituída por células neoplásicas pleomórficas, sarcomatosas que podiam estar arranjadas em feixes ou ninhos. A coloração de Tricrômicro de Masson evidenciou fibras colágenas e estroma de tecido conjuntivo fibroso permitindo o diagnóstico de fibrossarcoma. Neste relato, três fatos incomuns foram discutidos: a) ocorrência de Dioctophyme renale em felinos b) envolvimento do rim esquerdo c) fibrossarcoma perirrenal com possibilidade de relação ao parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale.

Dioctofimatosis is a disease caused by the nematode Dioctophyme renale, which occurs mostly in dogs and has predilection mostly for the right kidney and when penetrating the renal capsule, it causes destruction and atrophy of the renal parenchyma, and only one fibrous capsule of the affected kidney may remain. Thus, seeking to establish the histological conditions of the contralateral kidney (RCL) of the affected animals, the objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile and anatomopathological changes found in left kidney biopsies of seven dogs undergoing nephrectomy due to Dioctophyme renale parasitism in right kidney. Information relative to race, sex, age range, medical history, histological changes, was tabbed and evaluated. For the biopsies were used incisional method. Of the 10 samples, 7 biopsy samples, collected by the incisional technique, were satisfactory for the study. Microscopically there were three cases (3/7) with membranous glomerulonephritis, four (4/7) had inflammatory infiltrate of mononucleated cells and focal fibrosis in two analyzed samples (2/7). In one case (1/7) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was observed and one sample didn’t show any histological changes. It may have more than one change in one sample. The changes found in the biopsies indicate some impairment of the remaining kidney and suggesting that there maybe systemic, or at least inter-renal, action of the esophageal enzymes produced by the parasite. This study hopes to contribute to the staging of the renal functions of the remaining kidney and assist in the establishment of treatment in each case. La dioctofimatosis es una enfermedad causada por el nematodo Dioctophyme renale, que afecta principalmente al riñón derecho de los perros y cuando penetra en la cápsula renal provoca la destrucción y atrofia del parénquima renal, dejando sólo una cápsula fibrosa del riñón afectado. Así, buscando establecer las condiciones histológicas del riñón contralateral (LCR) de los animales afectados, el objetivo de este estudio fue describir el perfil epidemiológico y los cambios anatomopatológicos encontrados en biopsias de riñón izquierdo de siete perros sometidos a nefrectomía por parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale en riñón derecho. Se tabuló y evaluó la información relativa a la raza, el sexo, el rango de edad, la historia clínica y los cambios histológicos. Para las biopsias se utilizó el método incisional. Microscópicamente tres casos (3/7) presentaban glomerulonefritis membranosa, cuatro (4/7) presentaban infiltrado inflamatorio de células mononucleadas y fibrosis focal en dos muestras analizadas (2/7). Em uma observó glomeruloesclerosis segmentaria focal en un caso (1/7) y una muestra no presentaba ninguna alteración histológica. Puede haber más de una alteración y una muestra. Los cambios encontrados en las biopsias indican alguna alteración del riñón remanente y sugieren que puede haber una acción sistémica, o al menos interrrenal, de las enzimas esofágicas producidas por el parásito. Este estudio espera contribuir a la estadificación de las funciones renales del riñón restante y ayudar a establecer el tratamiento en cada caso. A dioctofimatose é uma doença causada pelo nematódeo Dioctophyme renale, que acomete principalmente rins direitos de cães e ao penetrar na cápsula renal causa destruição e atrofia do parênquima, podendo restar apenas uma cápsula fibrosa do rim afetado. Dessa forma, buscando estabelecer as condições histológicas do rim contralateral (RCL) dos animais acometidos pela parasitose, o objetivo desse estudo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico e alterações anatomopatológicas encontradas em biópsias de rins esquerdos de sete cães submetidos a nefrectomia em decorrência de parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale em rim direito. Informações referentes à raça, sexo, faixa etária, histórico clínico, e alterações histológicas, foram tabulados e avaliados. Para as biópsias foi utilizado o método incisional. Microscopicamente em três amostras (3/7) havia glomerulonefrite membranosa, em quatro (4/7) observou-se infiltrado inflamatório de células mononucleadas e fibrose focal em duas amostras analisadas (2/7). Em uma amostra havia glomeruloesclerose segmentar focal e em outra não havia alteração histológica. Foram contabilizadas mais de uma alteração em uma única amostra. As alterações encontradas nas biópsias indicam algum comprometimento do rim remanescente e sugerindo que possa haver ação sistêmica, ou pelo menos inter-renais das enzimas esofágicas produzidas pelo parasito Este estudo espera contribuir para o estadiamento das funções renais do rim remanescente e auxiliar no estabelecimento do tratamento em cada caso.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the world and it is becoming one of the most frequent cause of liver transplantation. Unfortunately, the only available method that can reliably determine the stage of this disease is liver biopsy, however, it is invasive and risky for patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate changes in the intracellular composition of the liver fatty acids during the progression of the NAFLD in a mouse model fed with Western diet, with the aim of identify non-invasive biomarkers of NAFLD progression based in 1H-MRS. Our results showed that the intracellular liver fatty acid composition changes as NAFLD progresses from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH). Using principal component analysis with a clustering method, it was possible to identify the three most relevant clinical groups: normal, steatosis and NASH by using 1H-MRS. These results showed a good agreement with the results obtained by GC-MS and histology. Our results suggest that it would be possible to detect the progression of simple steatosis to NASH using 1H-MRS, that has the potential to be used routinely in clinical application for screening high-risk patients.

Submitted by Ubirajara Cruz (ubirajara.cruz@gmail.com) on 2022-01-05T16:29:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) dissertacao_aline_xavier_fialho_galiza.pdf: 756673 bytes, checksum: 84080aaf14fb08832d1d3e65ef7afbf9 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2022-01-19T21:59:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_aline_xavier_fialho_galiza.pdf: 756673 bytes, checksum: 84080aaf14fb08832d1d3e65ef7afbf9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-19T21:59:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_aline_xavier_fialho_galiza.pdf: 756673 bytes, checksum: 84080aaf14fb08832d1d3e65ef7afbf9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-03-04 Sem bolsa Os objetivos desta dissertação foram apresentar dados sobre alterações anatomopatológicas relacionadas à Dioctophyme renale em cães e gatos parasitados Esta dissertação trata- de um estudo sobre a avaliação anatomopatológica de biopsias de rins contralaterais aos acometidos por D. renale e a apresentação de um relato de caso sobre um felino parasitado. Apresentamos aqui alterações observadas em biópsias renais de rins contralaterais de 7 cães submetidos à nefrectomia de rim direito. Para as biópsias foram utilizados a técnica incisional, realizada durante o procedimento cirúrgico de nefrectomia do rim afetado. As análises das biópsias revelaram glomerulonefrite membranosa (3/7), infiltrado inflamatório de células mononucleadas (4/7) e em duas amostras analisadas foi observada fibrose focal. Em um caso notou-se glomeruloesclerose focal e segmentar. Trazemos ainda nesse trabalho, um relato de parasitismo por D. renale em rim esquerdo de um gato com presença de massa neoplásica adjacente. A massa era constituída por tecido conjuntivo denso que apresentava neovascularização acentuada e proliferação de células alongadas, por vezes pleomórficas e anaplásicas arranjadas em redemoinhos ou ninhos. Havia ainda acentuada hipertrofia das células endoteliais vasculares. O diagnóstico do neoplasma foi fibrossarcoma. Por ser uma parasitose endêmica na região e uma zoonose, os estudos devem ser contínuos com objetivo de desenvolver um diagnóstico precoce dos animais afetados, e uma vez realizada a remoção cirúrgica do rim acometido, a biópsia do rim contralateral no momento do procedimento cirúrgico permitiriam o estabelecimento de estadiamento das funções renais do rim remanescente. The objectives of this dissertation were to present data on anatomopathological alterations related to Dioctophyme renale in parasitized dogs and cats. This dissertation is a study about the anatomopathological evaluation of biopsies of contralateral kidneys to those affected by D. renale and the presentation of a case report about parasitized feline. Here we present changes observed in renal biopsies of contralateral kidneys of 7 dogs undergoing right kidney nephrectomy. For the biopsies, the incisional technique was used, performed during the nephrectomy surgical procedure of the affected kidney. Biopsy analyzes revealed membranous glomerulonephritis (3/7), inflammatory infiltrate of mononucleated cells (4/7) and focal fibrosis was observed in two analyzed samples. In one case, it was noted focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. We also bring in this study, a report of parasitism by D. renale in left kidney of a cat with presence of adjacent neoplastic mass. The mass consisted of dense connective tissue that had marked neovascularization and proliferation of elongated cells, sometimes pleomorphic and anaplastic cells arranged in swirls or nests. There was also marked hypertrophy of the vascular endothelial cells. The diagnosis of neoplasm was fibrosarcoma. Because it is an endemic parasitosis in the region and a zoonosis, studies must be continuous in order to develop an early diagnosis of the affected animals, and once the surgical removal of the affected kidney was performed, the biopsy of the contralateral kidney at the time of the surgical procedure would allow the establishment of staging of the renal functions of the remaining kidney.

Covid-19 is a novel infectious disease whose spectrum of presentation ranges from absence of symptoms to widespread interstitial pneumonia associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), leading to significant mortality. Given the systemic pattern of Covid-19, there are many factors that can influence patient's functional capacity after acute infection and the identification of such factors can contribute to the development of specific rehabilitation strategies. Pulmonary impairment is the primary cause of hospitalization due to Covid-19, and can progress to SARS as well as increase length of hospitalization. Moreover, cardiac involvement is observed in approximately 30% of hospitalized patients, with an increased risk of acute myocarditis, myocardial injury, and heart failure, which may compromise functional capacity in the long-term. Thromboembolic complications have also been reported in some patients with Covid-19 and are associated with a poor prognosis. Musculoskeletal complications may result from long periods of hospitalization and immobility, and can include fatigue, muscle weakness and polyneuropathy. Studies that address the functional capacity of patients after Covid-19 infection are still scarce. However, based on knowledge from the multiple systemic complications associated with Covid-19, it is reasonable to suggest that most patients, especially those who underwent prolonged hospitalization, will need a multiprofessional rehabilitation program. Further studies are needed to evaluate the functional impact and the rehabilitation strategies for patients affected by Covid-19.

Introduction Strength training is a recurrent practice among several publics and the topic of several studies, yet there is a shortage of previous studies that analyzed these parameters in the same subjects in training sessions involving volume, interval and different repetitions maximum ranges. Objective The study was aimed at measuring and comparing the acute effect of different ST (strength training) protocols on HR (heart rate), HRV (heart rate variability), [LAC] (lactate concentration), [CK] (creatine kinase) and SPE (subjective perceived exertion). Methods Eleven individuals with previous experience were recruited and in three sessions they performed three different training models, namely: high load (4 sets at 90% of 1RM, 180s rest between sets), medium load (3 sets at 75% of 1 RM, 90s rest between sets), and low load (2 sets at 50% of 1 RM, 45s rest between sets) in free squat, bench press, deadlift and bent-over row exercises. Results There was no difference in CK between low load (resistance) and medium load (hypertrophy) (p = 0.60), between resistance and high load (strength) (p = 0.84), and between hypertrophy and strength (p = 0.91), while there was higher lactate accumulation in training with medium and low loads in comparison to training with high loads (p

Cyperus articulatus L. (Cyperaceae), popularly known in Brazil as &ldquo, priprioca&rdquo, or &ldquo, piriprioca&rdquo, is a tropical and subtropical plant used in popular medical practices to treat many diseases, including cancer. In this study, C. articulatus rhizome essential oil (EO), collected from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, was addressed in relation to its chemical composition, induction of cell death in vitro and inhibition of tumor development in vivo, using human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells as a cell model. EO was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and characterized qualitatively and quantitatively by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), respectively. The cytotoxic activity of EO was examined against five cancer cell lines (HepG2, HCT116, MCF-7, HL-60 and B16-F10) and one non-cancerous one (MRC-5) using the Alamar blue assay. Cell cycle distribution and cell death were investigated using flow cytometry in HepG2 cells treated with EO after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation. The cells were also stained with May&ndash, Grunwald&ndash, Giemsa to analyze the morphological changes. The anti-liver-cancer activity of EO in vivo was evaluated in C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice with HepG2 cell xenografts. The main representative substances of this EO sample were muskatone (11.6%), cyclocolorenone (10.3%), &alpha, pinene (8.26%), pogostol (6.36%), &alpha, copaene (4.83%) and caryophyllene oxide (4.82%). EO showed IC50 values for cancer cell lines ranging from 28.5 &micro, g/mL for HepG2 to &gt, 50 &micro, g/mL for HCT116, and an IC50 value for non-cancerous of 46.0 &micro, g/mL (MRC-5), showing selectivity indices below 2-fold for all cancer cells tested. HepG2 cells treated with EO showed cell cycle arrest at G2/M along with internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. The morphological alterations included cell shrinkage and chromatin condensation. Treatment with EO also increased the percentage of apoptotic-like cells. The in vivo tumor mass inhibition rates of EO were 46.5&ndash, 50.0%. The results obtained indicate the anti-liver-cancer potential of C. articulatus rhizome EO.

OBJECTIVES: We tested whether the scavenger receptor, class B type 1 (SR-B1), a physiologically relevant HDL receptor, modulates the metabolic and inflammatory phenotype of obese mice, accompanied by changes in adipocyte and hepatocyte lipid deposits. METHODS: Male SR-B1 knock-out (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were fed for 12 weeks with a high-fat diet (HFD, n = 12 per group) to induce obesity. Animals were euthanized after overnight food deprivation. Blood was obtained and adipose tissue and liver were removed. Plasma or frozen tissues were used for biochemical analyses or assessed by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Comparisons between WT and KO mice fed with HFD were performed and differences were considered statistically significant when P

O presente trabalho está focado no uso do teatro nas aulas de Língua Inglesa (LI) da escola pública, tendo como objetivo maior investigar se a dramatização pautada na escolha de temas voltados para questões como conflitos, violência, cidadania, opressão e justiça social contribui para o (re)posicionamento do sujeito perante a sociedade. Deste modo, a partir dos jogos teatrais propostos por Viola Spolin (2008) e Augusto Boal (1993), buscamos introduzir o teatro de forma lúdica a fim de incitar o interesse dos alunos de inglês da escola pública em relação à dramatização. Do mesmo modo, fizemos um levantamento junto aos alunos no sentido de identificarmos os temas relacionados às questões de conflito que mais os estimulariam na expressão de suas opiniões, em um caminho de respeito no contato com o outro e de promoção de seu próprio (re)posicionamento. Tendo como base os moldes da pesquisa qualitativa, nosso trabalho está ancorado no método da intervenção pedagógica. Optamos por utilizar como procedimentos analíticos os pressupostos teóricos da Análise do Discurso (AD), valendo-nos também, das ressonâncias discursivas (SERRANI-INFANTE, 2001) e das heterogeneidades enunciativas (AUTHIER-REVUZ, 1990; 2004). Foram consideradas as ressonâncias que ecoam na retórica dos sujeitos participantes desta pesquisa, bem como as marcas que os constituem como sujeitos que se apresentam muitas vezes atravessados pelo discurso do outro, criando, assim, a falsa ilusão de possuírem um discurso próprio e homogêneo. O corpus desta pesquisa foi composto por diários de cena escritos pelos alunos durante o processo e ainda por 2 questionários aplicados no início e ao final das intervenções. Por meio das análises dos dizeres dos alunos desta pesquisa, foi possível perceber, em alguns desses participantes, uma sensibilização em relação aos temas abordados, os quais foram discutidos e preparados em encenações curtas, de modo a propiciar uma oportunidade de reposicionamento aos alunos envolvidos no processo. Em termos amplos, pudemos concluir que o teatro tem a capacidade de modificar o sujeito e suas ações na relação com o outro. Nossas análises também apontam que, ao se expressarem em língua inglesa dentro de jogos teatrais, os alunos experimentam novas formas de se aproximar do outro, vencendo a barreira de preconcepções. Entendemos, portanto, que a encenação em língua inglesa permite que o sujeito vivencie deslocamentos identitários, uma vez que se distancia da sua língua materna, fazendo-se outro ao falar outra língua e ao vivenciar outras faces. The present work is focused on the use of theater in English classes in a public school aims to investigate whether the dramatization based on the choice of themes, focused on the issues of conflict, violence, citizenship, oppression and social justice, contributes to the (re)positioning of the subject before society. This way, from the theatrical games proposed by Viola Spolin (2008) and Augusto Boal (1993), we seek to introduce the theater in a playful way in order to incite the interest of public school English students in relation dramatization. In the same way, we carried out a survey with the students, in order to identify the themes related to conflict issues that would most encourage them to express their opinions, in a way of respect in contact with each other and promoting their own (re) positioning. Based on the model of a qualitative research, our work is anchored in the method of pedagogical intervention. The resonances that echo in the rhetoric of the subjects participating in this research were considered, (SERRANI-INFANTE, 2001) as well as the enunciative heterogeneities (AUTHIER REVUZ, 1990, 2004) and the marks that constitute them as subjects who are often crossed by the speech of the other, thus creating the false illusion of having their own and homogeneous speech. The research consisted of scene diaries written by the students during the process and also 2 questionnaires applied at the be ginning and at the end of the interventions. Through the analysis of the words of the students in this research, it was possible to perceive, in some of these participants, an awareness in relation to the topics covered, which allowed us to bring them up for discussion and prepare short scenarios, in order to provide an opportunity of repositioning to the students involved in the process. In broad terms, we could conclude that the theater has the ability to modify the subject and his actions in relation to the other. We also found, through some reports from the students, that once they are expressing themselves in English, they allow themselves to get closer to each other overcoming the barrier of shyness. We understand, therefore, that the enactment in English allows the subject to change even more, since he distances himself from his mother tongue when dressing up as a character who expresses himself in another language.

Introduction Single‐voxel 1H MRS in body applications often suffers from respiratory and other motion induced phase and frequency shifts, which lead to incoherent averaging and hence to suboptimal results. Methods Here we show the application of metabolite cycling (MC) for liver STEAM‐localized 1H MRS on a 7 T parallel transmit system, using eight transmit‐receive fractionated dipole antennas with 16 additional, integrated receive loops. MC‐STEAM measurements were made in six healthy, lean subjects and compared with STEAM measurements using VAPOR water suppression. Measurements were performed during free breathing and during synchronized breathing, for which the subjects did breathe in between the MRS acquisitions. Both intra‐session repeatability and inter‐session reproducibility of liver lipid quantification with MC‐STEAM and VAPOR‐STEAM were determined. Results The preserved water signal in MC‐STEAM allowed for robust phase and frequency correction of individual acquisitions before averaging, which resulted in in vivo liver spectra that were of equal quality when measurements were made with free breathing or synchronized breathing. Intra‐session repeatability and inter‐session reproducibility of liver lipid quantification were better for MC‐STEAM than for VAPOR‐STEAM. This may also be explained by the more robust phase and frequency correction of the individual MC‐STEAM acquisitions as compared with the VAPOR‐STEAM acquisitions, for which the low‐signal‐to‐noise ratio lipid signals had to be used for the corrections. Conclusion Non‐water‐suppressed MC‐STEAM on a 7 T system with parallel transmit is a promising approach for 1H MRS applications in the body that are affected by motion, such as in the liver, and yields better repeatability and reproducibility compared with water‐suppressed measurements., Non‐water‐suppressed, metabolite‐cycled STEAM on a 7 T system with parallel transmit was shown to be a promising approach for 1H MRS applications in the body that are affected by motion, such as in the liver. Robust phase and frequency correction of individual acquisitions before averaging, enabled by the preserved water signal in the metabolite‐cycled spectra, yielded better repeatability and reproducibility compared with water‐suppressed measurements.

A dioctofimatose é uma doença causada pelo nematódeo Dioctophyme renale, que acomete principalmente rins direitos de cães e ao penetrar na cápsula renal causa destruição e atrofia do parênquima, podendo restar apenas uma cápsula fibrosa do rim afetado. Dessa forma, buscando estabelecer as condições histológicas do rim contralateral (RCL) dos animais acometidos pela parasitose, o objetivo desse estudo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico e alterações anatomopatológicas encontradas em biópsias de rins esquerdos de sete cães submetidos a nefrectomia em decorrência de parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale em rim direito. Informações referentes à raça, sexo, faixa etária, histórico clínico, e alterações histológicas, foram tabulados e avaliados. Para as biópsias foi utilizado o método incisional. Microscopicamente em três amostras (3/7) havia glomerulonefrite membranosa, em quatro (4/7) observou-se infiltrado inflamatório de células mononucleadas e fibrose focal em duas amostras analisadas (2/7). Em uma amostra havia glomeruloesclerose segmentar focal e em outra não havia alteração histológica. Foram contabilizadas mais de uma alteração em uma única amostra. As alterações encontradas nas biópsias indicam algum comprometimento do rim remanescente e sugerindo que possa haver ação sistêmica, ou pelo menos inter-renais das enzimas esofágicas produzidas pelo parasito Este estudo espera contribuir para o estadiamento das funções renais do rim remanescente e auxiliar no estabelecimento do tratamento em cada caso.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência de parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale, em rim esquerdo de um felino que também apresentou fibrossarcoma perirrenal esquerdo. Foi atendida no Hospital de clínicas veterinárias da UFPEL uma gata de 10 anos com queixa de dor abdominal e prostração. Exames de imagem sugeriram neoplasma em região perirrenal esquerda. O animal foi submetido a laparotomia, onde observou-se massa tumoral aderida ao rim esquerdo, motivo que levou a realização d nefrectomia A massa tumoral e o rim esquerdo foram encaminhados para estudo histopatológico. No exame macroscópico o rim acometido apresentava atrofia do parênquima, cápsula espessada e aspecto cístico com presença de líquido amarelado contendo estruturas degeneradas identificadas como Dioctophyme renale. A massa tumoral era esbranquiçada, firme e bem vascularizada. Histologicamente a massa era constituída por células neoplásicas pleomórficas, sarcomatosas que podiam estar arranjadas em feixes ou ninhos. A coloração de Tricrômicro de Masson evidenciou fibras colágenas e estroma de tecido conjuntivo fibroso permitindo o diagnóstico de fibrossarcoma. Neste relato, três fatos incomuns foram discutidos: a) ocorrência de Dioctophyme renale em felinos b) envolvimento do rim esquerdo c) fibrossarcoma perirrenal com possibilidade de relação ao parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale.