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Bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinde kişilik özellikleri ile depresyon, stres ve anksiyet arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini kümeleme örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 261 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada gerekli verileri elde etmek için Depresyon, Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği ve Beş Faktör Kişilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler ve Regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre; üniversite öğrencilerinin stres, depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyi ile kişilik özelliklerinden duygusal açıdan dengesizlik (nevrotizm) boyutu arasında olumlu yönde pozitif bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Bir başka deyişle, bu araştırmaya katılan üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeyleri yükseldikçe nevrotizm düzeyleri de artmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bir diğer bulguya göre, araştırmaya katılan üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon düzeyleri ile dışa dönüklük, yumuşak başlılık ve sorumluluk kişilik özelliği olumsuz yönde ilişkili bulunmuştur. Ek olarak öğrencilerin stres düzeyleri ile yumuşak başlılık arasında olumsuz yönde ve anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, ilgili literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır.

The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of a long-term professional development (PD) program on the classroom practices of physics teachers. Changes in teachers’ practices were investigated across four dimensions: content, teaching strategy, materials/technology, and assessment. The present study used qualitative research methodology, including a case study research. Data were collected from seven participating teachers and their 9th grade students. The PD model framework has four main components: analysis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. A teacher survey, an observation form, a student group-interview protocol, treatment-fidelity and treatment-verification opinion forms were developed as measuring instruments. Thematic coding was used in every dimension. The data were evaluated using a frequency analysis and displayed in tables. The results showed that the PD program had a positive effect on teachers’ classroom practices. The more the teachers participated in each dimension of the PD program, the greater the level of positive change observed in the teachers’ lesson applications. When the results were examined in relation to teaching strategies, materials/technologies, and assessment techniques used for various purposes, there was a clear increase in the number, variety, and quality of strategies, materials, and technologies used in these dimensions.

Teachers have a critical role in the fulfillment of educational objectives. One of the fundamental factors affecting teachers while doing their demanding job is their subjective well-being state. This study investigates the subjective well-being of high-school teachers in terms of work engagement and work-related need satisfaction. The mediator role of work-related need satisfaction between subjective well-being and work engagement was also investigated. The sample consisted of 250 teachers (n=131 males; 52.4%, n=119 females; 47.6%). Data collection tools included the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWL), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), and Work-Related Basic Need Satisfaction Scale. In the analysis of the data, structural equation modeling method was employed. The results revealed that both work engagement and satisfaction of work-related needs positively contribute to teachers' subjective well-being. The mediator role of satisfaction of work-related needs between work engagement and teachers' subjective well-being was also observed. Based on these results, this study concludes with a few pedagogical implications considered important.

Amaç: Persistan postmastektomi ağrısı meme kanseri hastaları arasında yaygındır. Persistan postmastektomi ağrısının duyusal kayıp ve artan ağrı duyarlılığı ile ilişkisi belirsizliğini korumaktadır. Bu çalışmada postmastektomi meme kanseri hastalarında persistan postmastektomi ağrısı ile taktil duyusal eşikler ve ağrı basıncı eşikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırdık.Materyal ve Metod: Hastalar persistan postmastektomi ağrısı varlığına ve yokluğuna göre iki gruba ayrıldı. Hem ameliyat edilen hem de ameliyat edilmeyen taraflarda ağrı basıncı eşikleri (meme, kol ve önkol) bir algometre cihazı ve taktil duyusal eşikler (skar bölgesi, meme üst dış kadran, aksiller bölge, median kutanöz sinir ve interkostobrakiyal sinir bölgeleri, önkol ve el) Semmes – Weinstein monofilaman testi kullanılarak ölçüldü.Bulgular: Hastaların 31'inde (% 64.6) persistan postmastektomi ağrısı saptandı. Ameliyatlı ve ameliyatsız tarafların dokunsal duyusal eşikleri ve ağrı basıncı eşikleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark vardı (P, Background: Persistent postmastectomy pain is common among breast cancer patients. The relationship of persistent postmastectomy pain (PPP) with sensory loss and increased pain sensitization remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between PPP and tactile sensory thresholds and pain pressure thresholds in postmastectomy breast cancer patients. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence and absence of PPP. On both the operated and non-operated sides, pain pressure thresholds (breast, arm, and forearm) were assessed using an algometer, and tactile sensory thresholds (scar region, breast upper outer quadrant, axillary region, median cutaneous nerve and intercostobrachial nerve regions, forearm, and hand) were measured using the Semmes–Weinstein monofilament test. Results: PPP was detected in 31 (64.6%) of the patients. There was a statistically significant difference in the tactile sensory thresholds and pain pressure thresholds of the operated and non-operated sides (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the pain pressure thresholds and tactile sensory thresholds of the groups with and without PPP. There was a weak positive correlation between the mean pain intensity and side to side difference in tactile sensory thresholds measured from the axillary region (P = 0.046, r = 0.289). Conclusions: Axillary region sensorial loss and PPP may be linked in postmastectomy cancer patients. Pain sensitization and loss of sensation do not seem to be associated with PPP.

Bu çalışmanın amacı çağrı merkezi çalışanlarının örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarına duygusal zekâ ve iş-aile yayılımlarının etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışma ilişkisel tarama olarak tasarlamış ve 200 çalışan araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verilerinin toplanması amacıyla “Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Ölçeği”, “Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği” ve “İş-Aile Yayılımı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri IBM SPSS 22 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre örgütsel vatandaşlık ile duygusal zekâ, pozitif iş-aile ve aile iş yayılımı arasında olumlu, negatif aile-iş, iş-aile yayılımı arasında olumsuz ilişki mevcuttur. Araştırmada kadın katılımcıların duygusal zekâ ve negatif iş-aile yayılımı algıları erkek katılımcılara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Örgütsel vatandaşlığın yordanma düzeyinin anlaşılmasına ilişkin çoklu regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bunun sonucunda duygusal zekâ ve pozitif iş aile yayılımının örgütsel vatandaşlığın olumlu yordayıcıları oldukları anlaşılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına dayalı olarak çalışanların örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarında duygusal zekâ düzeyleri ve iş-aile dengelerinin daha detaylı anlaşılmasına ilişkin önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Objectives: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score knowledge in obese patients aged 40-79 years on risk reduction in 3 months. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was approved by the clinical ethics committee. The study was conducted with 300 consecutive volunteer patients who applied to Konya Obesity Center. All patients older than 40 years of age and volunteered to participate in the study were included in the study. Patients with coronary artery disease, heart failure, major depression, treated for arrhythmias, younger than 40 years of age, and those who could not come to the follow-up 3rd-month controls were excluded. The patients admitted to the obesity center were evaluated according to the results of routine examinations. Results: Knowledge of ASCVD risk score, age, gender, occupation, marital status, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, SBP, WC, HC, TC, LDL, triglycerides, glucose, HbA1c and AST were all significantly determinants of ASCVD risk in our univariate analysis. Knowledge of ASCVD (odds ratio [OR]: 1725.917; 95% confidence interval [CI]:208.675-14275.098; p

Aim: Our aim was the evaluation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume levels in the patient and control groups with hypothyroidism. Methods: Our study was conducted with 111 participants; 68 patients and 43 healthy individuals as the control group. Thyroid hormones, lipid panel and hemogram levels of the participants were examined. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume levels were calculated. Results: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume levels were similar between the patients with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism and the control group. A positive correlation was found between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet lymphocyte ratio. A negative correlation was found between platelet lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume. While there was no relationship between thyroid stimulating hormone and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume; a negative correlation was found between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and free thyroxine. Conclusion: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume levels were similar in the hypothyroidism and control groups. We believe that prospective studies that evaluate neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume together with other inflammatory parameters are needed to predict the risk of microinflammation and cardiovascular disease in patients with hypothyroidism. Keywords: Neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, mean platelet volume, hypothyroidism

Educational reform efforts support professional development (PD) programs for teachers as a means to establishing possible outcomes that may affect changing teacher practices, student learning, and impact on economic and educational foundations. PD programs require evaluation in order to appraise their effectiveness, and seeking participant opinion following program implementation is one such valid method. The aim of the current study is to determine in-service physics teachers’ evaluation about the impact of a long-term PD program. Qualitative research methodology was employed in this study. Research was conducted with seven teachers, with data collected through a workshop session evaluation checklist (WSEC) and a PD program evaluation interview protocol (PDEIP). Interviews were audio-recorded and then responses to each question transcribed. According to the WSEC data, all sessions broadly reached their aims. The session which teachers considered the least contributive to their developmental gain was on the topic of “Misconception.” The PDEIP results showed that teachers used more student-centered methods and more varied teaching materials in their lessons following their participation in the PD program. Following the PD program, some teachers reportedly started using placement assessment.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the effect of physical activity on health-related quality of life and depression-anxiety in pregnancy.Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The study included 347 pregnant women who were admitted to the gynecology and obstetrics outpatient polyclinic. The quality of life of the pregnant women was collected using the Nottingham Health Profile scale, physical activity levels were collected by using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and data on depression and anxiety levels of the participants were collected using the Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Inventory.Results: When physical activity levels of pregnant women were compared according to Nottingham Health Profile scale and quality of life subscales; there were statistically significant differences between physical activity levels and energy level, social isolation, emotional status, sleep and total Nottingham Health Profile score. There was a significant relationship between low (a) - high (c) and middle (b) - high (c) groups when anxiety levels were compared with physical activity levels. Conclusion: The results of our study are considered to act as a guideline for the regulation and necessity of physical activity in pregnant women., Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; gebelikte yapılan fiziksel aktivitenin sağlıkla ilgili yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon-anksiyete üzerine olan etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmaya kadın hastalıkları ve doğum polikliniğine başvuran sağlıklı ve çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü 347 gebe kadın dahil edilmiştir. Gebelerin yaşam kaliteleri; Nottingham Sağlık Profili (NSP), fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri; Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi’nin kısa formu, katılımcıların depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ile ilgili veriler ise; Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ve Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır.Bulgular: Gebelerin yaptıkları fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri NSP ölçeği ile yaşam kalitesi alt ölçeklerine göre karşılaştırıldığında; fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile enerji seviyesi, sosyal izolasyon, duygusal durum, uyku ve toplam NSP puanı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Anksiyete durumu fiziksel aktivite düzeylerine göre karşılaştırıldığında düşük(a)-yüksek(c) ve orta(b)-yüksek(c) olan gruplar arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları, gebe kadınlarda fiziksel aktivitenin düzenlenmesi ve gerekliliği için bir rehber olarak kabul edilebilir.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to determine changes in leukocytes volume, conductivity and scatter parameters in smokers compared to non-smokers. Methods: A total of 117 individuals (45 smokers and 72 non-smokers) were included in the study. While those who smoked at least 10 pack-years were included in the case group, those who never smoked at all were included in the control group. Results: While there was a statistically significant difference in mean neutrophil volume, mean neutrophil conductivity, mean lymphocyte conductivity, mean lymphocyte scatter, mean monocyte volume, mean monocyte conductivity, mean monocyte scatter, mean eosinophil conductivity values between the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference in mean neutrophil scatter, mean lymphocyte volume, mean eosinophil volume, mean eosinophil scatter values between the two groups. Conclusion: This study showed that smoking affected volume, conductivity and scatter parameters. Clinicians should consider whether the patient smokes if they want to diagnose any diseases using volume, conductivity and scatter parameters. Keywords: smoking, leukocytes, conductivity, scattering, neutrophils

This study examined the mediating role of self-control and goal striving in the relationship between need satisfaction, life goals and Internet addiction. A total number of 320 university students participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed the Need Satisfaction Scale, The Scale of Setting Life Goals with Respect to Positive Psychotherapy, Brief Self-Control Scale, Goal Striving Scale, Internet Addiction Test and Personal Information Form. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping were used to test the hypothesized model. Structural equation modeling results provide evidence for indirect effects of need satisfaction on Internet addiction fully mediated by self-control and goal striving. Besides, goal striving and self-control fully mediated the relationship between life goals and Internet addiction. The findings emphasized the role of self-control and goal striving in explaining the relationship between life goals, need satisfaction and Internet addiction. The findings of the research were discussed in the light of the literature and research, and suggestions were presented., Bu araştırmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin ihtiyaç doyumu ve yaşam amaçları ile internet bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkide, öz-kontrol ve amaçlarla mücadelenin aracılık rolü incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya, 320 üniversite öğrencisi (274 kadın ve 46 erkek) katılmıştır. Araştırmada, “İhtiyaç Doyumu Ölçeği”, “Pozitif Psikoterapi Bağlamında Yaşam Amaçları Belirleme Ölçeği”, “Kısa Öz-Kontrol Ölçeği”, “Amaçlar İçin Mücadele Ölçeği”, “İnternet Bağımlılığı Testi” ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Öngörülen modeli test etmek için yapısal eşitlik modeli ve bootstrapping kullanılmıştır. Yapısal eşitlik modeli sonucunda ihtiyaç doyumu ile internet bağımlılığı arasında öz-kontrol ve amaçlarla mücadelenin tam aracılık, yine yaşam amaçları ile internet bağımlılığı arasında öz-kontrol ve amaçlarla mücadelenin tam aracılık etkisi olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın bulguları, alanyazın ve araştırmalar ışığında tartışılarak öneriler sunulmuştur.

Background: Digital mammography (DM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) are important radiological modalities, which increase the survival of breast cancer patients. Breast cancer is a morphologically heterogeneous disease with various histopathological parameters and multiple receptors in its biological profile. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the morphological features of invasive breast cancer on DM and DBT, to investigate the contribution of DBT to DM, to examine the association of DBT findings with pathological molecular subtypes, Bloom-Richardson grade, and Ki-67 index, and to determine the effect of breast parenchyma density on the relationship between DBT findings and hormone receptors. Patients and Methods: A total of 36 patients with malignant lesions were evaluated in this study. According to the American College of Radiology (ACR) classification, the lesion features were divided into subgroups based on DM and DBT, and the findings were compared. The relationships between DBT findings and the hormone receptor status, molecular classification, and Bloom-Richardson grade were also investigated, and the effect of density on these relationships was assessed. Results: The mean age of the patients (n = 36) was 53 years. Based on the comparison of DM and DBT findings, spiculated margins, mass density, architectural distortion, and microcalcifications were significantly more frequent in DBT. Lesions with indistinct margins on DM were observed as mass lesions with spiculated margins on DBT (P < 0.001). Regarding the relationship between DBT findings and hormone receptor status and Ki-67 proliferation index, in progesterone receptor (PR)-positive patients, an irregular tumor shape was more common (89.7%). In PR-negative patients, skin changes and nipple retraction were more frequently seen (P = 0.03 for skin changes, and P = 0.049 for nipple retraction). Regarding the association between Bloom-Richardson grade (BRG) and DBT findings, tumors with a higher grade were more likely to be associated with a high tumor density (P = 0.032). Also, considering the relationship between molecular classification and DBT findings, skin changes and nipple retraction were significantly more frequent in triple-negative masses compared to other subtypes (P = 0.011 for skin changes and P = 0.016 for nipple retraction). Conclusion: DBT is superior to DM, as it reveals the lesion margins, density, and architectural distortion more accurately. The majority of PR-positive tumors were irregular, while most PR-negative cases were round. The mass density also increased as the tumor grade increased. Skin change and nipple retraction were frequently seen in triple-negative tumors compared to other subtypes. Therefore, DBT is a promising diagnostic tool for showing molecular subtypes in dense breasts.

In this study, we aimed to develop an instrument that could be used to measure students' achievement in modern physics at high school level in a valid and reliable manner. The study was carried out in fall 2013–2014 with a total of 304 students. In this study, expert opinions were obtained to determine the test’s content validity. The reliability of the test was obtained via Cronbach’s alpha, which produced reliability coefficients that fell within acceptable limits. Item analysis were conducted to eliminate improper items. Based on these findings, it could be concluded that the test is an instrument that produces valid and reliable measures, and that can be used to determine students’ achievement in modern physics.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence of night eating in pregnancy and the relationship between night eating scores and nutritional status, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in pregnant women. Materials and Methods: In this study, 148 pregnant women who presented to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinics at Konya Training and Research Hospital in Konya were divided into two groups according to their night eating scores. These two groups were compared in terms of their nutritional attitudes and metabolic parameters. Results: Comparisons of participants meeting night eating syndrome (NES) scores versus women without NES indicated that patients with NES exhibited fever hunger at breakfast time, more breakfast skipping (p

The primary purpose ofthis study is to classify contexts as one-disciplinary, two-disciplinary andmultidisciplinary, according to the disciplines, and the other is to determinewhich contexts are appropriate for teachers and students to learn and teach inthe classroom environment. The 77 contexts in the questionnaire were selectedfrom high school physics and chemistry curricula. The sample is a total of 378participants from 3 universities in Ankara, 48 academics and 330 pre-serviceteachers from 3 departments. According to the results of descriptive analysisrelated to context and discipline relation, contexts are divided into 4 groups.Only 48 were associated with physics and 18 with only chemistry, and 5 wereassociated with both physics and chemistry. Only one context was classified asmultidisciplinary. In the second part of the questionnaire that aimed todetermine the desire of academics and pre-service teachers to learn and teachthese contexts was examined, it was revealed that 65 contexts wanted to belearned and taught moderately. At the end of this study, the "human"context, which is a multidisciplinary and desired to learn and teach at a highlevel, has come to the forefront.

The aim of this study is to develop a scale of subjective well-being strategies used by preschool teachers for pre-school education childrens. This study covers the 2018-2019 academic years. The research was conducted with the participation of pre-school teachers in Istanbul. 230 pre-school teachers participated in the study. In this study, the stages of scale development were followed. Firstly interviews were made with teachers. During the interviews, an information gathering tool was developed, including demographic information. The following steps were followed in the study: Creation of item pool, creation of the scale trial form, implementation of scales, item analysis, explanatory factor analysis, reliability. According to the results of the study, a three-dimensional scale was reached. Dimensions of the scale; positive relationships with childrens, to satisfy the wishes of the childrens and play the game with the childrens are called. In this process, studies can be carried out with this scale.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world and in our country. Despite early diagnosis and improved treatment possibilities, breast cancer is difficult to accept and a major source of anxiety. It brings various psychosocial problems to the agenda. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of depression and anxiety in the patients admitted to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of a mass in the breast and to determine the effect of mass on the mental health of women. Methods: This study is an analytical case-control study. All of the participants were female (n=200). Patients filled the questionnaire containing the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the sociodemographic data form. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the case and control groups in terms of the marital status, living with someone, monthly income level, place of residence, occupation, and education level (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between case and control groups in terms of the mean BDI score (19.6±1.05, 8.92±0.62, respectively, p

Objective This study aimed to find out valuable parameters that predict the nature of breast papillary lesions before excision, and we compared our results with those in the literature. Materials and methods We reviewed the medical records and pathology slides of patients diagnosed with papillary neoplasm after undergoing a core-needle biopsy between 2010 and 2020, who, subsequently, underwent surgical excision in a single tertiary care institution. The core biopsy results and pathology results of excision materials were compared with the radiological, pathological, and demographic findings. Results A total of 51 patients were included in the study. According to the excision results, the patients were divided into two groups: the atypical group, which included 20 patients (39.3%), and the benign group, which included 31 patients (61.7%). The results of the core biopsy showed that the loss of myoepithelial cell layer was identified in 18 patients in the atypical group, while it was present in all patients in the benign group. Tumor sizes were larger and patient ages were older in the atypical group compared with the benign group. No significant difference was found between atypical and benign groups in terms of breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) classification and location (right vs left; central vs peripheral). The upgrade rate was between 0% and 16% in literature, while it was 4% in our study. Conclusion There is no consensus on whether patients diagnosed with papillary neoplasia as a result of core biopsy will undergo excision. According to our results, patients with following criteria should have their lesions excised: those who are advanced in age, those who are diagnosed with a papillary lesion as a result of core biopsies with loss of myoepithelial cell layer, and those who are diagnosed with large-sized lesions without loss of myoepithelial cell layer. Patients diagnosed with small-sized lesions without loss of myoepithelial cell layer and who are young in age are to be followed up without the need for lesion excision. The lesions should be adequately sampled.

This study analyzes the effectiveness of the Integrative Intervention Group Counseling Program on shyness. The study was conducted with adolescents of ages 14 to 16 in high school. It was conducted by using the embedded mixed method in which both qualitative and quantitative techniques are employed together, and the intervention program is composed of 11 sessions each of which lasted 90 minutes. The Shyness Scale was used to measure the effectiveness of the program, and the program was also evaluated qualitatively. The analysis of the data was carried out by performing the Repeated Measure of Variance Analysis and the Mann Whitney U Test. According to the findings, adolescents not only overcame shyness, but also achieved positive changes in self-perception and actively engaging in life. According to the results, the program developed for intervening with shyness in adolescents was found to be effective., Bu çalışma, bütünleştirici grupla psikolojik danışma müdahale programının utangaçlık üzerindeki etkililiğini incelemektedir. Çalışma, 14-16 yaş aralığında bulunan orta öğretim öğrencileriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma nicel ve nitel yöntemin bir arada kullanıldığı iç-içe karma yöntemler deseninde yürütülmüş olup utangaçlığa müdahale programı 90’ar dakikalık toplam 11 oturumu kapsamaktadır. Programın etkililiğini ölçmek amacıyla Utangaçlık Ölçeği kullanılmış, bunun yanı sıra program nitel açıdan da değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tekrarlı ölçümlerde varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Mann Whitney U Testinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına göre ergenler sadece utangaçlığın üstesinden gelmekle kalmayıp aynı zamanda kendilik algısında ve yaşama katılım alanlarında olumlu değişimler de elde etmişlerdir. Çalışma, ergenlerin utangaçlıklarına müdahalede geliştirilen programın etkili olduğunu göstermektedir.

Aim: We compared the two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE) values between the testes with same side operated inguinal hernia (IH) and the contralateral testes, as well as the testes of healthy volunteers without IH. Material and methods: A total of 189 participants (117 unilateral [117 testes] and 8 bilateral operated IH patients [16 testes] and 64 healthy volunteers [128 testes]), providing a total of 378 testicles, were investigated prospectively. All patients underwent B-mode ultrasonography (US) and 2D-SWE examinations. Operation type, the period between diagnosis and operation, the period since the operation, testes volumes, and 2D-SWE values were compared. Results: The B-mode US finding of the testes were normal in all participants. The mean testes’ volume of same side operated IH was significantly lower comparing to contralat-eral testes and the healthy group (p0.005). Conclusions: The 2D-SWE can be used as an effective imag-ing method to evaluate testicular stiffness with objective numerical values, to estimate the severity of histologic damage in patients with operated IH.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the readability levels and contents of Turkish websites on smoking cessation.Method: A search was performed in August 2019 by typing the word “smoking cessation” in Google search engine (https://www.google.com). Commercial websites, advertisement websites, chat websites, forum websites, magazine websites, websites containing only images or videos, and websites with less than 10 sentences were excluded from the study. The readability levels of Turkish websites on smoking cessation were determined according to the Ateşman and Bezirci-Yılmaz readability formulas. Results: A total of 62 websites (23 (37.1%) in the first group and 39 (62.9%) in the second group) were included in the study. The median Ateşman and Bezirci-Yılmaz readability values were respectively 48.47 and 13.08. The median number of sentences was 34.00. The median number of words was 439.00. Conclusion: This study found that the readability level of Turkish websites on smoking cessation was “difficult” according to the Ateşman readability formula and at “undergraduate level” according to the Bezirci-Yılmaz readability formula. These results are fairly higher than the education level of Turkish people., Amaç: Bu çalışmada sigara bırakma hakkında hazırlanmış Türkçe internet sitelerinin okunabilirliğinin ve içeriklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Ağustos 2019 tarihinde Google (https://www.google.com.tr) arama motoruna “sigara bırakma” kelimeleri yazılarak arama yapılmıştır. Bu sitelerden ticari blog siteleri, reklam içeren siteler, sadece resim ya da video içeren siteler, sohbet siteleri, forum siteleri, magazin içerikli siteler, cümle sayısı 10 dan daha az olan siteler dışlanmıştır. Sigara bırakma hakkında Türkçe internet sitelerinin okunabilirlik düzeyleri, Ateşman ve Bezirci-Yılmaz okunabilirlik formüllerine göre belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 23(%37,1) “ü birinci grup, 39(%62,9)”u ikinci grup olmak üzere toplam 62 site alınmıştır. Çalışmaya alınan internet sitelerinin Ateşman okunabilirlik medyan değeri 48,47, Bezirci-Yılmaz okunabilirlik medyan değeri 13,08, cümle sayısı medyan değeri 34,00, kelime sayısı medyan değeri 439,00 olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Sigara bırakma içerikli Türkçe internet sitelerindeki metinlerin, Ateşman” a göre okunabilirlik aralığı “zor”, Bezirci-Yılmaz” a göre ise “lisans” düzeyindedir. Bu sonuçlar, halkımızın eğitim seviyesinin çok üstündedir.

Due to COVID 19, schools and universities all over the world have gone from full face-to-face lessons to online lessons. This short notice transition has come with many challenges for students incl...

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the readability levels and contents of Turkish websites on obesity and bariatric surgery. Methods: A search was performed in June 2019 with the words “obesity” and “bariatric surgery” in Google’s search engine. We evaluated the websites on the first ten pages of Google’s search engine results. Commercial websites, advertisement websites, chat websites, forum websites, magazine websites, websites containing only images or videos, and websites with less than ten sentences were excluded. Ateşman and Bezirci Yılmaz’s readability formulas were used to analyze the readability level. Websites were evaluated in terms of content (definition, risk factors, complications, and treatment of obesity) and were divided into three groups (Group 1: hospitals and specialist physicians, Group 2: national news websites, and Group 3: other websites). Results: A total of 79 websites were evaluated. There were 43 (54.4%) websites in Group 1, 25 (31.6%) websites in Group 2, and 11 (13.9%) websites in Group 3. The readability level of all sites was ‘difficult,’ according to the Atesman readability formula, and at ‘undergraduate level,’ according to the Bezirci-Yılmaz readability formula. When the contents of these websites were examined, 51.9% contained a definition of obesity, 7.6% contained information on waist circumference, 12.7% contained obesity risk factors, and 43.0% contained obesity-related diseases. Conclusion: This study revealed that the readability level of Turkish websites on obesity and bariatric surgery was above the average literacy level of the Turkish people. Furthermore, it determined that these websites did not provide adequate information about bariatric surgery risks, adverse effects, and contraindications.

This study investigated the effect of the metacognitive instruction in which students' epistemic cognitions were explicitly addressed, on tenth-grade students' conceptual understandings regarding force and motion. The participants of the study included 107 (49 female, 58 male) tenth-grade students at two public high schools. A quasi-experimental design was employed. Two intact classes of each school were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The Force and Motion Conceptual Tests I and II were administered to assess the students' conceptual understandings in force and motion. A survey was applied to probe the students' prior epistemic cognitions in physics. The results of the study revealed that the metacognitive instruction was more effective than the expository teaching in terms of promoting students' conceptual understandings. A statistically significant interaction between the treatment and the students' prior epistemic cognitions was also observed. The students with higher pre-epistemic cognitions got higher conceptual scores in the experimental group whereas the conceptual development of the control group students was independent of their pre-epistemic cognitions.

Objective: The aim of our study is to assess thiol-disulfide homeostasis (TDH), which is a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven breast cancer patients and 31 age-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Serum native thiol, disulfide, and total thiol levels and disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, and native thiol/total thiol ratios were analyzed using a novel colorimetric method. Results: Serum native thiol level was statistically significantly lower in breast cancer patients (350.39 ± 7.15) than in healthy controls (380.60 ± 7.35) (P = 0.008). Serum disulfide level was statistically significantly higher in breast cancer patients (24.96 ± 0.85) than in healthy controls (19.25 ± 1.34) (P = 0.002). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this study is the first study in the literature that investigated TDH in breast cancer patients. We have concluded that an alteration in TDH due to oxidative stress is likely to have a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

Background : Obesity is the main cause of type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, musculoskeletal disorders, some cancers, and mental disorders, and many other diseases leading to mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of participation in an obesity center on patient mental status and blood parameters within 3 months and to show the relationship of this participation with depression, anxiety, and other parameters. Methods : This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Of 2,591 patients admitted to an obesity center between November 1, 2018 and November 1, 2019, 317 met the inclusion criteria. This study was a descriptive and cross-sectional study of the data from those 317 patients. Results : Of the patients enrolled in the study, 90.5% were female and 9.5% were male. Weight, occupation, body mass index, body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Beck Depression Scale, and Beck Anxiety Scale were important determinants in our univariate analyses associated with the regular receipt of center education. HbA1c (odds ratio, 1.661; 95% confidence interval, 1.140–2.421; P=0.008) was shown to be multivariate predictors of amount of participation in center education. Conclusion : These results support that regular participation in obesity center education has a positive effect on patients mental status, blood parameters, and anthropometric measurements. Thus, increasing the number of obesity centers is of great importance in treating obesity and improving obese patient mental status.

WOS: 000450536200003, Objective: Nasal mucociliary activity, which is a good indicator of nasal mucosal function, is one of the most important defense mechanisms of the body. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of smoking and cigarette consumption on nasal mucociliary activity per se by singling out other factors affecting nasal mucociliary activity. Methods: One hundred ninety seven patients aged 18-55 years, one hundred twenty three smokers (case group) and seventy four non-smokers (control group), were included in the present study. Saccharin transfer time (STT) test, CO measurement, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, and a questionnaire including smoking characteristics were applied to all participants. Results: No statistically significant difference was determined between the case and control group in terms of age and body mass index parameters affecting mucociliary activity. In the present study, a statistically significant difference was determined in the mucociliary transfer time between the case and the control group. Moreover, a positive correlation between saccharin transfer time (STT) and number of cigarettes smoked per day, STT and package-year, STT and total smoking years was also determined. Conclusions: In conclusion, smoking has been in the present study determined to deteriorate nasal mucociliary system with a direct proportion to the amount and total duration of smoking.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the changes both in the systemic inflammation and in the mucociliary clearance following smoking cessation, and their associations with smoking characteristics.Methods: A total of 30 cases admitted to Konya Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Department of Smoking Cessation were recruited, and 27 of them completed the study. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) -4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and saccharin transit time (STT) was measuredat the beginning and 2 months after smoking cessation.Results: We found in this study that STT decreased significantly in 2 months after cessation (p

Introduction: Netrin-1 has been shown to induce angiogenesis and is considered to function as a proto-oncogene. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of serum netrin-1 level with the presence of breast mass and the nature of mass.Methods: A total of 84 patients, including 27 patients with benign mass, 31 patients with malignant mass and 26 healthy controls, were enrolled in the study. Results: In our study, the mean serum netrin-1 level was 479±325 pg/ml in the patients with malignant mass, 336.9±178.2 pg/ml in the patients with benign mass and 264.7±112.4 pg/ml in the healthy controls, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in mean serum netrin-1 level between these three groups (p=0.007). When the patients participating in the study were divided in to two groups as those with (the benign and malign groups) and without (the control group) mass, the mean serum netrin-1 level was 264.7±112.4 pg/ml in those without mass and 412.8±274.2 pg/ml in those with mass, respectively. It was seen that the mean serum netrin-1 level of those with mass was statistically significantly higher than that of those without mass (p=0.016). Conclusion: The mean serum netrin-1 level was found to be significantly higher in the patients with breast mass, especially those with malignant mass.

As part of a multiphase study (Didiş et al., 2014; Didiş et al., 2016), this research focused on the effective issues on cognition, and it examined the role of metacognition in the construction of mental models. With the identification of students’ mental models of quantization of physical observables in the previous parts of the project, we considered metacognition theory to identify how knowledge about cognition influenced the construction of their mental models. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with students by considering their knowledge and experiences about learning quantum theory during the semester. Based on the determined metacognitive behaviors, students’ mental models were reinterpreted by considering the metacognitive theory. The qualitative analysis results indicated that (1) students presenting more metacognitive behaviors constructed more coherent and scientific knowledge structures than the others and (2)satisfaction with knowledge was a breaking point for students’ reorganization of their knowledge. These findings are important to indicate the influence of metacognition on the construction and revision of mental models about physics concepts. In teaching of science at university level, students’ metacognitive evaluations should be taken into consideration together with their conceptions forscientific understanding.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen adaylarının kariyer uyumluluklarını, kariyer arzusu ve kariyer uyum yetenekleri çerçevesinde ele alan bir yapısal eşitlik modeli önerip ve bu modeli test etmektir. Bu çalışma öğretmen adaylarının kariyer uyumlulukları üzerinde kariyer arzusunun ve kariyer uyum yeteneklerinin yordama güçlerinin araştırıldığı nedensel karşılaştırmalı bir çalışmadır. Araştırma grubu, İç Anadolu’da bir kamu üniversitesinin Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören toplam 219 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada veriler Kariyer Uyumluluğu Ölçeği, Kariyer Arzusu ve Kariyer Uyum Yetenekleri Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmada verilerin analizinde, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen modele göre, kariyer uyumluluğunu en iyi yordayan değişken kariyer arzusudur (t = 6.85; p

Bu çalışmanın amacı, suç işleyen ve işlemeyen gençlerin benlik algılarının fenomonolojik açıdan incelenmesidir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan fenomonolojik araştırma yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma, Ankara’da yaşayan suç işlemiş (40 genç erkek) ve işlememiş (40 genç erkek) 20-25 yaş aralığında yer alan gençler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada verilerin toplanmasında görüşme tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. Görüşmeye başlamadan önce içerisinde demografik bilgilerin ve görüşme sorularının yer aldığı bir protokol oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sorusu olarak; “Kendinizi nasıl bir insan olarak değerlendiriyorsunuz?” sorusu sorulmuştur. Verilerin analizine cümle bazında içerik analizi tekniğine başvurulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre suç işleyen gençlerin benliklerini olumlu, iyi ama olumsuza gidebilen, olumsuz ve insanlıktan uzak görme olmak üzere dört önemli benlik tanımı sınıfı içerisinde algıladıkları bulunmuştur. Suç işlemeyen gençlerin ise benliklerini önleyici faktörlere sahip olma, geliştirici faktörlere sahip olma ve gelişimsel ürünlere sahip olma üzere üç önemli benlik sınıfı içerisinde algıladıkları bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarından yola çıkarak suça yönelme ve yönelmeme bağlamında patolojik ve pozitif olmak üzere iki önemli benlik kurgusu önerisinde bulunulmuştur. Risk grubundaki çocuklara pozitif benlik kurgusu gelişiminin uygulanması koruyucu ve geliştirici bir işleve görebilir. Bunların yanında suçlu bireylere, pozitif benlik kurgusu gelişiminin uygulanması onlar için tedavi edici bir işlev görebilir.