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Zulfiqar Z, Shah FA, Shafique S, et al. J Inflamm Res. 2020;13:1185–1205. The Editor and Publisher of Journal of Inflammation Research wish to retract the published article. Concerns were raised regarding the duplication of several images from Figures 9–11. Specifically, Figure 9E, HO-1, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 10B, p-JNK, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 9E, HO-1, Striatum, Estazolam + MCAO appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11A, p-NFκB, Striatum, Vehicle + MCAO. Figure 9E, HO-1, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11A, p-NFκB, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 9E, HO-1, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 10B, p-JNK, Cortex, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Cortex, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 10B, p-JNK, Cortex, Vehicle + MCAO appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Cortex, Vehicle + MCAO. Figure 10B, p-JNK, Striatum, Leucovorin + MCAO appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Striatum, Vehicle + MCAO. Figure 11A, p-NFκB, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 11A, p-NFκB, Cortex, Estazolam + MCAO appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Cortex, Estazolam + MCAO. The authors responded to our queries but were unable to provide a satisfactory explanation for the duplicated images. The Editor requested for the article to be retracted and the authors were notified of this. Our decision-making was informed by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guide

Naeem K, Tariq Al Kury L, Nasar F, et al. J Inflamm Res. 2021;14:1313–1329. At the authors request, the Editor and Publisher of Journal of Inflammation Research wish to retract the published article. The authors became aware of suspected duplicated images in Figures 4 and 5 and requested for the article to be retracted. Specifically, Figure 4B, Bcl-2, Hippocampus, FLX+LPS appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 4C, Caspase-3, Hippocampus, CAR 20+LPS. Figure 5D, TNF-α, Cortex, LPS appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 5D, TNF-α, Cortex, CAR 20+ATRA+LPS. Figure 5D, TNF-α, Cortex, ATRA+LPS appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 5E, p-NFκB, Cortex, ATRA+LPS (which has been flipped). The Editor agreed with the authors retraction request and the authors were notified of this. Our decision-making was informed by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retraction. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

Muhammad Riaz,1 Lina Tariq Al Kury,2 Noreen Atzaz,3 Abdullah Alattar,4 Reem Alshaman,4 Fawad ali Shah,1 Shupeng Li5 1Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Department of Natural and Health Sciences Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; 3Department of Pathology, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; 4Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 5State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fawad ali Shah; Shupeng Li, Email fawad.shah@riphah.edu.pk; lisp@pkusz.edu.cnPurpose: Gouty arthritis is generally induced by the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints due to elevated serum uric acid levels, potentially leading to serious pathological disorders such as nephrolithiasis, renal failure, and acute gouty arthritis. In this study, we aimed to validate the anti-gout effects of carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpene.Materials and Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into normal saline, disease group by injecting potassium mono-oxonate (PO) at a dose of 250 mg/kg, and three treatment groups, either with carvacrol 20 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg allopurinol. The blood and tissue samples were subsequently collected and analyzed using different biochemical and histopathological techniques.Results: Our results revealed a significant increase in the serum levels of oxidative stress-related markers, namely, uric acid and C-reactive protein (CRP), and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent inflammatory mediators, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Carvacrol administration for seven consecutive days exhibited significant anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, the 50 mg/kg carvacrol treatment wa

Sameh Saber,1 Galal Yahya,2 Naglaa A Gobba,3 Hossam Sharaf,4 Reem Alshaman,5 Abdullah Alattar,5 Noha A Amin,6 Ruwyda El-Shedody,4 Farah H Aboutouk,4 Yumna Abd El-Galeel,4 Amr El-Hefnawy,4 Dina Shabaka,4 Arwa Khalifa,4 Renad Saleh,4 Donya Osama,4 Ghada El-Zoghby,4 Mahmoud E Youssef1 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt; 2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Al Sharqia, Egypt; 3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt; 4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt; 5Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Haematology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, EgyptCorrespondence: Mahmoud E Youssef; Sameh SaberDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, ‎Delta University for Science and Technology, Costal International Road, P.O. Box: +11152, Mansoura, Dakahlia, EgyptTel +2 50 2770140; +2 01033124949Fax +2 50 2770140Email mahmoodelsaid@hotmail.com; sampharm81@gmail.com; sameh.mohamed@deltauniv.edu.egPurpose: The NLRP3 inflammasome is a substantial component of the inflammation process. The complex pathogenesis of and the implication of a vast number of components in the inflammasome-activation pathway prompted us to search for compounds that have a wide therapeutic index and act at the level of multiple cellular targets. Although CRID3 blocks NLRP3 with high specificity in the laboratory, clinical trials of the compound reported weaker potency.Methods: We used NSC328382, a P2X7R antagonist, as an adjunctive therapy and generated a strategy to potentiate the effects of CRID3 in rats with DSS-induced colitis.Results: NSC328382/CRID3 combined therapy exhibited a significantly increased efficacy compared with either of the m

This paper has been retracted.Naeem K, Tariq Al Kury L, Nasar F, et al. J Inflamm Res. 2021;14:1313–1329. At the authors request, the Editor and Publisher of Journal of Inflammation Research wish to retract the published article. The authors became aware of suspected duplicated images in Figures 4 and 5 and requested for the article to be retracted. Specifically, Figure 4B, Bcl-2, Hippocampus, FLX+LPS appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 4C, Caspase-3, Hippocampus, CAR 20+LPS. Figure 5D, TNF-α, Cortex, LPS appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 5D, TNF-α, Cortex, CAR 20+ATRA+LPS. Figure 5D, TNF-α, Cortex, ATRA+LPS appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 5E, p-NFκB, Cortex, ATRA+LPS (which has been flipped). The Editor agreed with the authors retraction request and the authors were notified of this. Our decision-making was informed by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retraction. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

This paper has been retracted.Zulfiqar Z, Shah FA, Shafique S, et al. J Inflamm Res. 2020;13:1185–1205. The Editor and Publisher of Journal of Inflammation Research wish to retract the published article. Concerns were raised regarding the duplication of several images from Figures 9–11. Specifically, Figure 9E, HO-1, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 10B, p-JNK, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 9E, HO-1, Striatum, Estazolam + MCAO appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11A, p-NFκB, Striatum, Vehicle + MCAO. Figure 9E, HO-1, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11A, p-NFκB, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 9E, HO-1, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 10B, p-JNK, Cortex, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Cortex, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 10B, p-JNK, Cortex, Vehicle + MCAO appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Cortex, Vehicle + MCAO. Figure 10B, p-JNK, Striatum, Leucovorin + MCAO appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Striatum, Vehicle + MCAO. Figure 11A, p-NFκB, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Striatum, Vehicle + Sham. Figure 11A, p-NFκB, Cortex, Estazolam + MCAO appears to have been duplicated with the same image for Figure 11B, TNF-α, Cortex, Estazolam + MCAO. The authors responded to our queries but were unable to provide a satisfactory explanation for the duplicated images. The Editor requested for the article to be retracted and the authors were notified of this. Our decision-making was informed by our policy on publishing ethics an