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This study aimed at optimizing the conditions required for maximal extraction of flavonoids from the seed coat of Borassus flabellifer and to evaluate antioxidant properties. Initially, the parameters like time, temperature, solvent concentration and material ratio were optimized using orthogonal design of experiments. Temperature was found to play a significant role in the maximum extraction of flavonoids and the optimum conditions were found to be 85°, 3 h, 70 % aqueous-ethanol and 1:20 material ratio. The crude samples were tested for antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. Percent inhibition of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical was found highest (95 %) at 50 μg/ml concentration of the extract of seed coat of B. flabellifer. Flavonoids were then purified using preparative thin layer chromatography. The purified sample did not reveal significant antioxidant activities. Hence, further purification of the sample is needed to obtain better results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at optimizing the conditions required for maximal extraction of flavonoids from the seed coat of Borassus flabellifer and to evaluate antioxidant properties. Initially, the parameters like time, temperature, solvent concentration and material ratio were optimized using orthogonal design of experiments. Temperature was found to play a significant role in the maximum extraction of flavonoids and the optimum conditions were found to be 85°, 3 h, 70 % aqueous-ethanol and 1:20 material ratio. The crude samples were tested for antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. Percent inhibition of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical was found highest (95 %) at 50 μg/ml concentration of the extract of seed coat of B. flabellifer. Flavonoids were then purified using preparative thin layer chromatography. The purified sample did not reveal significant antioxidant activities. Hence, further purification of the sample is needed to obtain better results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To detect preliminary phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of seed coat of Borassus flabellifer (B. flabellifer) against some human pathogens., Methods: The antimicrobial activity of the organic solvent extracts of seed coat of B. flabellifer against various test microorganisms including bacteria and fungi was investigated using agar well diffusion technique., Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening of the aqueous, methanoic and ethanolic extracts of seed coat of B. flabellifer revealed the presence of certain phytochemicals like tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides and terpenoids. The zone of inhibition of methanolic extracts varied from 16 to 23 mm where as with ethanol extracts from 14 to 23 mm and aqueous extracts from 10 to 15 mm at 50 mg/mL concentrations. Among all tested organisms, Aspergillus brasiliensis and Bacillus subtilis showed a higher rate of inhibition with ethanolic and methanolic extracts of B. flabellifer., Conclusions: B. flabellifer exhibited higher rate of growth inhibition against some human pathogens, so it can be used for treatment of some infectious diseases. Further studies are being carried out to separate and purify the individual compounds that are present in seed coat of B. flabellifer by using various chromatographic techniques., (Copyright © 2014 Hainan Medical College. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)