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1. Mortality in infants and children under five years in Abu Dhabi Emirate

Author

Al Hosani, H. A.

Subjects
610.21
Abstract

A two stage survey was carried out in order, a) to investigate trends and differentials in infant mortality in Abu Dhabi Emirate from 1980 to 1996 and b) to investigate the influence of risk factors on the problem of mortality under five years. The first stage reviewed infant mortality by sex, ethnicity, locality and cause of death. Data about the births and deaths of children were obtained from the Departments of Preventive Medicine in the three Health Regions of Abu Dhabi, Al Ain and the Western Region; 4523 infant deaths were coded according to the 9th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. The underlying causes of death were grouped into six main categories, namely: infections; congenital anomalies; conditions originating in the perinatal period; ill-defined conditions; accidents and miscellaneous. The rates for infant, perinatal, neonatal and postneonatal mortalities decreased substantially during the study period. The values for these mortality rates (per 1000 live births or total births in the case of the perinatal mortality rate) or 21.55, 20.43, 13.42 and 8.13 respectively in 1980 contrasted with their values of 9.15, 12.12, 5.51 and 3.64 in 1996. By contrast, the stillbirth rate showed the least change, declining from 8.4 in 1980 to a minimum of 7.79 per 1000 total births in 1996. The ratio of postneonatal to neonatal mortality rates remained broadly constant during the study period. In 1996, the under-5 mortality per 1000 live births was 13.1 in Abu Dhabi Emirate. Accidents formed the leading cause of death in the 1-5 year old children in the whole population from 1980 to 1996. A multiple regression technique was used to evaluate the independent effect of the variables (sex, nationality and region) upon the infant mortality rate. The rate of decline of the infant mortality rate appeared to be changing during the study period, which made the models containing the square of the year more fitting to the data points.

Published
1999

2. United Arab Emirates National Newborn Screening Programme:an evaluation 1998-2000

Author

Saade D, Salah M, H Osman, al-Hosani H, and al-Zahid J

Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, endocrine system, Newborn screening, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Thyroid scan, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Laboratory results, Anti-thyroid autoantibodies, Congenital hypothyroidism, Specimen Quality, medicine, Optometry, Thyroglobulin, Thyroid function, business
Abstract

To evaluate the United Arab Emirate National Newborn Screening Programme we compared coverage, timeliness of programme indicators [age at sampling, recall and treatment initiation, timing of specimen delivery and laboratory results] and specimen quality with international st and ards. Recall rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and relative incidence rates for phenylketonuria [PKU] and congenital hypothyroidism [CH] were calculated. Investigations for hypothyroidism included thyroid function studies [T3, T4, fT4 and TSH], technetium-99m thyroid scan when possible and thyroglobulin and thyroid antibodies when indicated. PKU investigations included plasma amino acids and measurement of biopterin defects. In the 6 years before December 2000, 138, 718 neonates were screened. Relative incidences for CH and for classic PKU were 1: 1570 and 1: 20, 050 respectively

Published
2021
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6. Expanding the comprehensive national neonatal screening programme in the United Arab Emirates from 1995 to 2011

Author

H Osman, Salah M, Al Hosani H, Hertecant J, H M Farag, Saade D, and El-Assiouty L

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Biotinidase deficiency, Incidence (epidemiology), Population, General Medicine, Disease, medicine.disease, Congenital hypothyroidism, Screening programme, Medicine, Optometry, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, business, education
Abstract

The national neonatal screening programme in the United Arab Emirates currently includes 16 disorders: congenital hypothyroidism, sickle-cell diseases, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, biotinidase deficiency and 12 amino acid, organic acid and fatty acid disorders. This paper reports data since the programme started in January 1995 up to December 2011 on the incidence of screened disorders and the molecular basis of positive screened cases. Screening used a combination of tandem mass spectrometry, molecular technologies and biochemical analysis. A total of 750 365 infants were screened and 717 babies saved from associated morbidity and/or mortality. The incidence of screened disorders were 1:1 873 for congenital hypothyroidism, 1:14 544 for phenylketonuria, 1:3 526 for amino acid, organic acid and fatty acid disorders, 1:9 030 for classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 1:8 300 for biotinidase deficiency, 1:2 384 for sickle-cell disease and 1:121 for sickle-cell traits. Coverage of neonatal screening in the population reached 95% in 2010.

Published
2014
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7. Prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders in the United Arab Emirates measured by raised TSH levels

Author

Saade D, H Osman, Salah M, al-Hosani H, and L Abdel Wareth

Subjects
Adult, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Goiter, endocrine system diseases, National Health Programs, Population, Thyrotropin, United Arab Emirates, Thyroid Function Tests, Sensitivity and Specificity, Screening programme, Neonatal Screening, Hypothyroidism, Reference Values, Residence Characteristics, Internal medicine, medicine, Congenital Hypothyroidism, Prevalence, Health Status Indicators, Humans, education, Child, Whole blood, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Infant, Newborn, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Iodine deficiency, Health Surveys, Congenital hypothyroidism, Endocrinology, Population Surveillance, Urinary iodine, Public Health, Morbidity, business, Goiter, Endemic, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Iodine
Abstract

The United Arab Emirates National Screening Programme for Congenital Hypothyroidism was established in January 1998. The programme measures neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] levels of blood samples collected on filter paper on day 5 by heel prick. The prevalence of raised TSH levels [>5 microU/mL whole blood] during 1998 and 1999 was used to evaluate the degree of iodine-deficiency disorders [IDD] in the population in different regions. The ratio of TSH profile in the present study and goitre rate in schools in a 1994 study were discrepant, although there was good correlation between the ratio of TSH profile and urinary iodine. The prevalence of raised TSH levels was < 3% in the Emirates overall, which is normal, and IDD varied from mild to normal problems in different regions

Published
2004

11. The National Congenital Anomalies Register in the United Arab Emirates.

Author

Al Hosani H, Salah M, Abu-Zeid H, Farag HM, and Saade D

Subjects
Age Distribution, Birth Rate, Birth Weight, Chromosome Aberrations statistics & numerical data, Congenital Abnormalities classification, Congenital Abnormalities etiology, Congenital Abnormalities prevention & control, Consanguinity, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, International Classification of Diseases, Male, Maternal Age, Parity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome epidemiology, Prevalence, Primary Prevention, Residence Characteristics, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Stillbirth epidemiology, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Congenital Abnormalities epidemiology, Population Surveillance methods, Registries
Abstract

The National Congenital Anomalies Register is a population-based register covering all births in the United Arab Emirates. We evaluated the progress of the register and determined the prevalence of congenital anomalies (CAs) and associated maternal and neonatal risk factors. Total prevalence of CAs for 1999-2001 was 7.89/1000, 10.95/1000 and 7.92/1000 for live births, stillbirths and total births respectively. Rates were comparable to international rates for all districts except Dubai, Fujairah and Ras Al Khaimah. According to the International classification of diseases, the cardiovascular system was the most affected followed by CAs of chromosomal origin and the musculo-skeletal system. Birth defects were more common with older maternal age, grand multiparity, male babies, low-birth-weight babies and premature babies.

Published
2005

12. Incidence of haemoglobinopathies detected through neonatal screening in the United Arab Emirates.

Author

Al Hosani H, Salah M, Osman HM, Farag HM, and Anvery SM

Subjects
Birth Rate, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Follow-Up Studies, Genetic Counseling, Health Services Needs and Demand, Hemoglobin C Disease diagnosis, Hemoglobin C Disease epidemiology, Hemoglobin C Disease genetics, Hemoglobin E, Hemoglobins, Abnormal, Heterozygote, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Pilot Projects, Population Surveillance, Prenatal Diagnosis, Residence Characteristics statistics & numerical data, Risk Factors, Sickle Cell Trait diagnosis, Sickle Cell Trait epidemiology, Sickle Cell Trait genetics, Thalassemia diagnosis, Thalassemia epidemiology, Thalassemia genetics, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Anemia, Sickle Cell diagnosis, Anemia, Sickle Cell epidemiology, Anemia, Sickle Cell genetics, Genetic Testing methods, Genetic Testing statistics & numerical data, Hemoglobinopathies diagnosis, Hemoglobinopathies epidemiology, Hemoglobinopathies genetics, Neonatal Screening methods, Neonatal Screening statistics & numerical data
Abstract

In January 2002, a pilot programme of neonatal screening for sickle cell disease was launched in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in 3 districts of Abu Dhabi emirate. This paper reports the incidence of sickle cell diseases, other haemoglobinopathies and haemoglobinopathy carriers over a 12-month period using high performance liquid chromatography as a primary screening method. The overall incidence of sickle cell disease among 22 200 screened neonates was 0.04% (0.07% for UAE citizens and 0.02% for non-UAE citizens). The incidence of sickle cell trait was 1.1% overall (1.5% for UAE citizens and 0.8% for non-UAE citizens). Universal neonatal screening for sickle cell haemoglobin at the national level should be considered.

Published
2005

13. Study of mortality risk factors for children under age 5 in Abu Dhabi.

Author

Al-Hosani HA, Brebner J, Bener AB, and Norman JN

Subjects
Age Distribution, Analysis of Variance, Birth Order, Chi-Square Distribution, Child, Preschool, Consanguinity, Educational Status, Gestational Age, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Logistic Models, Maternal Age, Mothers education, Parity, Population Surveillance, Registries, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, United Arab Emirates, Child Mortality, Infant Mortality, Urban Health statistics & numerical data
Abstract

We investigated the association of biological, sociocultural and economic risk factors with child mortality in Abu Dhabi from 1 January-31 December 1997. With McNemar chi-squared test, most selected biological risk factors were statistically associated with child mortality, although maternal age older than 40 years and history of fetal death were not positively correlated with neonate, infant or age under 5 mortality. Among sociocultural and economic risk factors, maternal lack of formal education and low monthly income were significantly associated with child death. Consanguinity was significantly associated with under 5 and infant but not neonatal mortality. Gestation <37 weeks was highly associated with mortality among all ages. Strengthening health care programmes and emphasizing the need to identify high risk groups should be priorities.

Published
2003

14. United Arab Emirates National Newborn Screening Programme: an evaluation 1998-2000.

Author

al-Hosani H, Salah M, Saade D, Osman H, and al-Zahid J

Subjects
Aftercare standards, Age Factors, Amino Acids blood, Biopterins blood, Birth Rate, Blood Specimen Collection standards, Congenital Hypothyroidism, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Hypothyroidism blood, Hypothyroidism diagnosis, Hypothyroidism epidemiology, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Phenylketonurias blood, Phenylketonurias diagnosis, Phenylketonurias epidemiology, Program Evaluation, Quality Indicators, Health Care standards, Reference Standards, Sensitivity and Specificity, Technetium, Thyroglobulin blood, Thyroid Function Tests, Time Factors, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Neonatal Screening organization & administration
Abstract

To evaluate the United Arab Emirate National Newborn Screening Programme we compared coverage, timeliness of programme indicators (age at sampling, recall and treatment initiation, timing of specimen delivery and laboratory results) and specimen quality with international standards. Recall rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and relative incidence rates for phenylketonuria (PKU) and congenital hypothyroidism (CH) were calculated. Investigations for hypothyroidism included thyroid function studies (T3, T4, fT4 and TSH), technetium-99m thyroid scan when possible and thyroglobulin and thyroid antibodies when indicated. PKU investigations included plasma amino acids and measurement of biopterin defects. In the 6 years before December 2000, 138,718 neonates were screened. Relative incidences for CH and for classic PKU were 1:1570 and 1:20,050 respectively.

Published
2003

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