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5 results on '"Ablaza, Christine"'

1. Increases in income-support payments reduce the demand for charity: A difference-in-difference analysis of charitable-assistance data from Australia over the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Ablaza, Christine, Perales, Francisco, Parsell, Cameron, Middlebrook, Nathan, Robinson, Richard N. S., Kuskoff, Ella, and Plage, Stefanie

Subjects
*CHARITIES, *COVID-19 pandemic, *CHARITY, *DATA analysis, *POVERTY reduction
Abstract

Charities play an increasingly important role in helping people experiencing poverty. However, institutionalized charity shifts the burden of poverty reduction away from the state and exposes recipients to stress and stigma. In this paper, we examine whether the need for institutionalized charity can be offset through enhanced state support. As in other countries, the Australian government responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by substantially increasing the level of income support to citizens through several temporary payments. We draw on this natural experiment and time-series data from the two largest charity organizations in Queensland, Australia to examine how these payments altered the demand for institutionalized charity. We model these data using difference-in-difference regression models to approximate causal effects. By exploiting the timing and varying amounts of the payments, our analyses yield evidence that more generous income support reduces reliance on charity. Halving the demand for charity requires raising pre-pandemic income-support by AUD$42/day, with supplements of approximately AUD$18/day yielding the greatest return on investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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2. Educational Outcomes of Childhood Survivors of Critical Illness-A Population-Based Linkage Study

Author

Tomaszewski, Wojtek, Ablaza, Christine, Straney, Lahn, Taylor, Catherine, Millar, Johnny, Schlapbach, Luregn J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-2598, Tomaszewski, Wojtek, Ablaza, Christine, Straney, Lahn, Taylor, Catherine, Millar, Johnny, and Schlapbach, Luregn J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-2598

Abstract

OBJECTIVES Major postintensive care sequelae affect up to one in three adult survivors of critical illness. Large cohorts on educational outcomes after pediatric intensive care are lacking. We assessed primary school educational outcomes in a statewide cohort of children who survived PICU during childhood. DESIGN Multicenter population-based study on children less than 5 years admitted to PICU. Using the National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy database, the primary outcome was educational achievement below the National Minimum Standard (NMS) in year 3 of primary school. Cases were compared with controls matched for calendar year, grade, birth cohort, sex, socioeconomic status, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, and school. Multivariable logistic regression models to predict educational outcomes were derived. SETTING Tertiary PICUs and mixed ICUs in Queensland, Australia. PATIENTS Children less than 5 years admitted to PICU between 1998 and 2016. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Year 3 primary school data were available for 5,017 PICU survivors (median age, 8.0 mo at first PICU admission; interquartile range, 1.9-25.2). PICU survivors scored significantly lower than controls across each domain (p < 0.001); 14.03% of PICU survivors did not meet the NMS compared with 8.96% of matched controls (p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, socioeconomic status (odds ratio, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.67-2.74), weight (0.94; 0.90-0.97), logit of Pediatric Index of Mortality-2 score (1.11; 1.03-1.19), presence of a syndrome (11.58; 8.87-15.11), prematurity (1.54; 1.09-2.19), chronic neurologic conditions (4.38; 3.27-5.87), chronic respiratory conditions (1.65; 1.24-2.19), and continuous renal replacement therapy (4.20; 1.40-12.55) were independently associated with a higher risk of not meeting the NMS. CONCLUSIONS In this population-based study of childhood PICU survivors, 14.03% did not meet NMSs in the standardized primary school assessment.

Published
2022

5. The servicification of manufacturing in Asia: Redefining the sources of labor productivity

Author

Mercer-Blackman, Valerie and Ablaza, Christine

Subjects
servicification, manufacturing, labor productivity, F14, J22, C80, ddc:330, global value chains, F23, time use surveys, premature deindustrialization, F63, L80
Abstract

Services are playing an increasingly important role in the global economy. Over the last few decades, the sector's contribution to output, employment, and value-added trade has grown quite dramatically. The rise of services and apparent decline of manufacturing employment have raised concerns about the future of growth given the lower labor productivity of the former. But more recent studies have argued against this for several reasons. Among others, current measures of productivity do not properly account for the indirect contribution of services to other sectors. For example, the additional value generated by services in the production of manufactured goods can be substantial, but it is not properly accounted for because of the indivisible and intangible nature of services. Moreover, the rise of the digital economy has created new ways for services to contribute to production. This paper aims to tackle some of these issues by focusing on the servicification of manufacturing in Asia. Our contribution to the emerging literature is twofold. First, we propose a conceptual framework of servicification. And second, we offer some preliminary evidence of this phenomenon for Asia and measurement proposals to disentangle the contribution of services to labor productivity.

Published
2018

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