33 results on '"Aasen, Inga Marie"'
Search Results
2. Condensed tannins, novel compounds and sources of variation determine the antiparasitic activity of Nordic conifer bark against gastrointestinal nematodes
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Chylinski, Caroline, Degnes, Kristin Fløgstad, Aasen, Inga Marie, Ptochos, Sokratis, Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Mahnert, Karl-Christian, Enemark, Heidi Larsen, Thamsborg, Stig Milan, Steinshamn, Håvard, and Athanasiadou, Spiridoula
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- 2023
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3. Administration of spruce bark (Picea abies) extracts in young lambs exhibits anticoccidial effects but reduces milk intake and body weight gain
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Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Enemark, Heidi Larsen, Steinshamn, Håvard, Aasen, Inga Marie, Johanssen, Juni Rosann Engelien, Athanasiadou, Spiridoula, Thamsborg, Stig Milan, and Sørheim, Kristin Marie
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- 2022
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4. Protein value and health aspects of the seaweeds Saccharina latissima and Palmaria palmata evaluated with mink as model for monogastric animals
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Krogdahl, Åshild, Jaramillo-Torres, Alexander, Ahlstrøm, Øystein, Chikwati, Elvis, Aasen, Inga-Marie, and Kortner, Trond M.
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- 2021
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5. Iodine intake and excretion from sheep supplemented with macroalgae (Laminaria hyperborea) by-product
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Lind, Vibeke, primary, Opheim, Margareth, additional, Sandvik, Jorid Thorvaldsen, additional, and Aasen, Inga Marie, additional
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- 2023
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6. Blanching of two commercial Norwegian brown seaweeds - for reduction of iodine and other compounds of importance for food safety and quality
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Queiroz, Lucas Sales, Holdt, Susan Løvstad, Wirenfeldt, Cecilie Bay, Sletta, Maria Stavnes, Sæther, Maren, Arlov, Øystein, Aasen, Inga Marie, Sletta, Håvard, Švarc, Petra Ložnjak, Jacobsen, Synnøve Strand, Aachmann, Finn Lillelund, Rustad, Turid, Queiroz, Lucas Sales, Holdt, Susan Løvstad, Wirenfeldt, Cecilie Bay, Sletta, Maria Stavnes, Sæther, Maren, Arlov, Øystein, Aasen, Inga Marie, Sletta, Håvard, Švarc, Petra Ložnjak, Jacobsen, Synnøve Strand, Aachmann, Finn Lillelund, and Rustad, Turid
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- 2023
7. Lipid and DHA-production in Aurantiochytrium sp. – Responses to nitrogen starvation and oxygen limitation revealed by analyses of production kinetics and global transcriptomes
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Heggeset, Tonje M. B., Ertesvåg, Helga, Liu, Bin, Ellingsen, Trond E., Vadstein, Olav, and Aasen, Inga Marie
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- 2019
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8. Manufacture of dry-cured ham: a review. Part 1. Biochemical changes during the technological process
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Petrova, Inna, Aasen, Inga Marie, Rustad, Turid, and Eikevik, Trygve Magne
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- 2015
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9. Enrichment of the protein content of the macroalgae Saccharina latissima and Palmaria palmata
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Aasen, Inga Marie, Sandbakken, Ingrid Schafroth, Toldnes, Bendik, Roleda, Michael, and Slizyte, Rasa
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Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
The large brown seaweeds (kelps) are potential sources of protein for animal feed. They have lower protein contents than most red and green algae, but due to potential for large-scale production, they may represent a significant future protein source. The impact of pH, temperature and polysaccharide-degrading enzymes on the solubility and extraction yields of protein from wet Saccharina latissima biomass was investigated. The protein solubility increased with increasing pH and reached maximum of 23% at pH 11, determined as total amino acids (TAA). The enzyme treatments increased the release of soluble compounds by 30–35%. The highest protein yield obtained was 19%, using a ratio of water to wet seaweed of 1:1 for extraction. Even if the yields can be increased by increasing the water amounts used for extraction, the majority of the protein would remain in the insoluble residue after separation. The strategy for production of a larger quantity of protein-enriched biomass was therefore to maintain the insoluble fraction as the product. A pilot scale production was carried out, also including the red algae Palmaria palmata. In total 750 kg S. latissima and 195 kg P. palmata were processed. The protein content in the product increased from 10 to 20% of dry weight (dw) for S. latissima and from 12 to 28% for P. palmata, with yields of 79 and 69%, respectively. The ash content was reduced from 44 to 26% and from 12 to 5% of dw, respectively, for the two species. The main protein loss was free amino acids, which constituted approximately 10% of TAA in the feedstocks. Less essential than non-essential amino acids were lost, thus, the essential amino acids were enriched in the product.
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- 2022
10. Jod i tang og tare – er det et problem for bruk i norsk husdyrproduksjon?
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Lind, Vibeke, Meland, Heidi, Skoglund, Bjørn Arne, and Aasen, Inga Marie
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Tare ,Jod ,mineraler ,dyrehelse ,Tang ,fôr til husdyr ,makroalger ,Dyrking av makroalger ,tungmetaller ,norsk husdyrproduksjon ,menneskehelse - Abstract
Dyrking av makroalger (tang og tare) som ingrediens i fôr til husdyr har stor oppmerksomhet verden over. Produksjon av alger skjer i havet og ikke i konkurranse med arealer for produksjon av mat. Makroalger finnes i mange ulike former, størrelse og farger, og sammensetningen avhenger av art, hvor de vokser og årstid. Det tilgjengelige næringsinnholdet er høyere i røde (for eksempel fjørehinne og søl) og grønne (for eksempel havsalat) arter enn brune arter (for eksempel sukkertare og butare). Sammenlignet med røde og grønne arter, har brune arter generelt høy biomasse, men et lavere proteininnhold, og karbohydratene er ufordøyelige for enmaga dyr. Brunalgene har et høyt mineralinnhold, i tillegg til sekundære metabolitter som er interessante. Phlorotanniner er eksempler på slike sekundære metabolitter.
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- 2022
11. Overexpression of Two New Acyl-CoA:Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase 2-Like Acyl-CoA:Sterol Acyltransferases Enhanced Squalene Accumulation in Aurantiochytrium limacinum
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Rau, E-Ming, primary, Bartosova, Zdenka, additional, Kristiansen, Kåre Andre, additional, Aasen, Inga Marie, additional, Bruheim, Per, additional, and Ertesvåg, Helga, additional
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- 2022
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12. Extracts of pine bark (Pinus sylvestris) inhibit Cryptosporidium parvum growth in cell culture
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Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Enemark, Heidi L., Øines, Øivind, Steinshamn, Håvard, Aasen, Inga Marie, Mahnert, Karl-Christian, Sørheim, Kristin, Athanasiadou, Spiridoula, Thamsborg, Stig Milan, Woolsey, Ian, Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Enemark, Heidi L., Øines, Øivind, Steinshamn, Håvard, Aasen, Inga Marie, Mahnert, Karl-Christian, Sørheim, Kristin, Athanasiadou, Spiridoula, Thamsborg, Stig Milan, and Woolsey, Ian
- Abstract
The widespread apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum is responsible for severe gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals. The treatment options are limited, and the efficacy of available drugs is low. Bark contains condensed tannins (CT), which are bioactive compounds previously shown to inhibit parasite development. Here, we examined the anti-cryptosporidial properties of bark extract of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) against C. parvum by means of an in vitro growth inhibition test. We hypothesized that bark extracts would have dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the development of C. parvum in cell culture. Bark extracts from Scots pine extracted with acetone, methanol, and water as solvents, were investigated using human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells infected with C. parvum. Oocysts were inoculated onto the cell monolayer and bark extract was added at 7 different concentrations. Parasite growth inhibition was quantified by qPCR. The acetone and methanol extracts demonstrated a sigmoid dose-dependent inhibition of C. parvum. The IC50 values were 244.6 and 279.1 µg dry matter extract/mL, and 25.4 and 24.1 µg CT/mL, for acetone and methanol extracts, respectively. The IC50 for both extracts were similar, both with regards to the dry matter concentration of each extract and to CT concentrations. Given the limited treatment options available for Cryptosporidium spp., the evidence generated in our study encourages further investigation into the in vitro and in vivo effects of pine bark extracts against C. parvum.
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- 2021
13. Bærekraftig fôr til norsk laks
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Gjøsund, Svein Helge, Skjermo, Jorunn, Forbord, Silje, Jafarzadeh, Sepideh, Sletta, Håvard, Aasen, Inga Marie, Hagemann, Andreas, Chauton, Matilde Skogen, Aursand, Ida Grong, Evjemo, Jan Ove, Slizyte, Rasa, Standal, Inger Beate, Grimsmo, Leif, Aursand, Marit, Josefsen, Kjell Domaas, Almås, Karl Andreas, Almås, Karl Andreas, and Josefsen, Kjell Domaas
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Fiskefôr ,Havbruk - Abstract
I rapporten er 23 ulike råvarer vurdert ut fra tre kriterier: • Hvor mye råvare kan være tilgjengelig? • Kan råvaren bidra til å dekke det framtidige behovet for protein og EPA/DHA? • Kan dette fremskaffes på en bærekraftig måte til en akseptabel pris? I tillegg er det sett som en fordel at råvarene kan produseres eller høstes i Norge. Etter vurderingen står 7 av 23 råvarekilder igjen som realistiske bidragsytere for å dekke det fremtidige fôrbehovet, hvorav tre er i storskala industriell produksjon Norge har en nasjonal ambisjon om vekst i lakseproduksjonen opp mot 5 millioner tonn i 2050. Dette vil kreve opp mot 6 millioner tonn tørt fôr. Dersom veksten ikke skal dekkes ved økt import av soya, må ca. 75 % av proteinet fremstilles fra andre råvarer og gjennom andre industrielle prosesser enn de vi har i dag. i dag (pelagisk fisk, marint restråstoff og soya), mens fire krever utvikling og/eller oppskalering (mesopelagisk fisk, grasprotein, dyrking av mikroalger og hetero- og kjemoautotrofe mikroorganismer). Spesielt mesopelagisk fisk er en nøkkel til å dekke det framtidige fôrbehovet.
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- 2020
14. Newsletter BarkCure No. 3
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Steinshamn, Håvard, Sørheim, Kristin, Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Ptochos, Sokratis, Athanasiadou, Spiridoula, Enemark, Heidi L., Aasen, Inga Marie, Mahnert, Karl-Christian, Thamsborg, Stig Milan, and Steinshamn, Håvard
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Feeding and growth ,Health and welfare - Abstract
The third newsletter for the research project called “Condensed tannins from Norwegian pine and spruce bark - antiparasitic effects and potential commercial exploitation”
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- 2020
15. Composition analysis and minimal treatments to solubilize 6 polysaccharides from the brown seaweed Laminaria digitata 7 for microbial growth of thermophiles
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Allahgoli, Leila, Sardari, Roya, Hakvåg, Sigrid, Ara, Kazi, Kristjansdottir, Thordis Anna, Aasen, Inga Marie, Fridjonsson, Olafur, Brautaset, Trygve, Hreggvidsson, Gudmundur O., and Nordberg Karlsson, Eva
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Carbohydrate extraction ,Rhodothermus marinus ,Laminaria digitata ,Mild physicochemical pre-treatment ,Bacillus methanolicus - Abstract
Brown macroalgae (Phaeophyta) hold high potential as feedstock for biorefineries due to high biomass productivity and carbohydrate content. They are, however, a challenging, unconventional feedstock for microbial refining and several processing problems need to be solved to make them a viable option. Pre-treatment is necessary to enhance accessibility and solubility of the biomass components but should be minimal and mild to assure sustainable and cost-effective processing. Here, two routes to pre-treatLaminaria digitata to release polysaccharides were investigated: hot water pre-treatment by autoclaving (121 °C, 20 min or 60 min) and a two-step extraction with mild acid (0.1 M HCl) followed by alkaline treatment. Hot water pre-treatment resulted in partial extraction of a mixture of polysaccharides consisting of alginate, fucoidan and laminarin. After mild acid pre-treatment, alginate was found in the remaining insoluble residues and was extracted in a second step via alkaline treatment using Na2CO3 (0.15 M) at 80 °C and CaCl2 (10%) for the precipitation. In addition to carbohydrates, a fraction of other components such as proteins, phenolic compounds, minerals and trace elements was detected in the extracts. Cultivation of the thermophilic bacterial strains Rhodothermus marinus DSM 16675 and Bacillus methanolicus MGA3 (ATCC 53907) in media supplemented with the respective extracts resulted in growth of both strains, indicating that they were able to utilize the available carbon source for growth. R. marinus displayed the highest cell density in the medium containing the extract from acid pre-treatment, whereas B. methanolicus growth was highest with the extract from hot water pre-treatment.
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- 2020
16. Seaweed and Seaweed Bioactives for Mitigation of Enteric Methane : Challenges and Opportunities
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Abbott, D. Wade, Aasen, Inga Marie, Beauchemin, Karen A., Gröndahl, Fredrik, Gruninger, Robert, Hayes, Maria, Huws, Sharon, Kenny, David A., Krizsan, Sophie J., Kirwan, Stuart E., Lind, Vibeke, Meyer, Ulrich, Ramin, Mohammad, Theodoridou, Katerina, von Soosten, Dirk, Walsh, Pamela J., Waters, Sinead, Xing, Xiaohui, Abbott, D. Wade, Aasen, Inga Marie, Beauchemin, Karen A., Gröndahl, Fredrik, Gruninger, Robert, Hayes, Maria, Huws, Sharon, Kenny, David A., Krizsan, Sophie J., Kirwan, Stuart E., Lind, Vibeke, Meyer, Ulrich, Ramin, Mohammad, Theodoridou, Katerina, von Soosten, Dirk, Walsh, Pamela J., Waters, Sinead, and Xing, Xiaohui
- Abstract
Simple Summary The need to become more efficient in agriculture and the food industry exists parallel to the challenge of climate change. Meat and dairy production is the target of much scrutiny due to methane (CH4) emissions and global warming. On the other hand, it should be noted that two-thirds of the world's agricultural land consists of pastures and permanent grasslands and is used for livestock grazing. This land is predominantly unsuitable for arable purposes but facilitates the production of high-quality human-edible protein in the form of ruminant animal-derived meat and milk. This makes a significant contribution to feeding the world's population. There is a need to reduce CH4 emissions, however, and several approaches are being researched currently. Seaweeds are diverse plants containing bioactives that differ from their terrestrial counterparts and they are increasingly under investigation as a feed supplement for the mitigation of enteric CH4. Seaweeds are rich in bioactives including proteins, carbohydrates and to a lesser extent lipids, saponins, alkaloids and peptides. These bioactives could also play a role as feed ingredients to reduce enteric CH4. This review collates information on seaweeds and seaweed bioactives and their potential to impact on enteric CH4 emissions. Seaweeds contain a myriad of nutrients and bioactives including proteins, carbohydrates and to a lesser extent lipids as well as small molecules including peptides, saponins, alkaloids and pigments. The bioactive bromoform found in the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis has been identified as an agent that can reduce enteric CH4 production from livestock significantly. However, sustainable supply of this seaweed is a problem and there are some concerns over its sustainable production and potential negative environmental impacts on the ozone layer and the health impacts of bromoform. This review collates information on seaweeds and seaweed bioactives and the documented impact on CH, QC 20210122
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- 2020
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17. Can extract from Norwegian Bark extract control coccidiosis in suckling lambs?
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Sørheim, Kristin, Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Johanssen, Juni Rosann E., Aasen, Inga Marie, Steinshamn, Håvard, Enemark, Heidi L., Sørheim, Kristin, Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Johanssen, Juni Rosann E., Aasen, Inga Marie, Steinshamn, Håvard, and Enemark, Heidi L.
- Abstract
Coccidiosis is a serious disease in young lambs in Norway and other countries. The disease leads to decreased animal welfare and has huge economic impact on the farm industry. The common preventive measures in Norway are pasture rotation and anticoccidial chemical. Reduced efficacy against toltrazuril has been demonstrated in sheep farming in Norway. Condensed tannins (CT) from different plants have showed effect against nematodes and coccidia in several trials. Bark is a rich source of CT, and bark from species cultured in Scandinavia has relatively high concentrations of CT. The aim of this project was to investigate if supplementation of bark extract with CT reduces the burden of coccidia in suckling lambs. We infected 16 young lambs with oocysts from Eimeria spp. and tested the effect of extract from fresh winter bark from Norwegian spruce (Picea abies) to 8 of these lambs. Performance and oocyst secretion were measured. A control group of 8 lambs was not infected and not given bark extract. Individually faeces samples were collected before infection and daily at day 9-22 after infection and analysed for faecal score and oocysts. In this trial the bark extract was found to have a significant effect on the development of coccidia of Eimeria spp. in the lamps measured by counting oocysts per gram faeces (p<0,001). Bark extract from Picea abies may be a potential useful anticoccidium in young lambs. We need more research to see if this effect is due to CT or other biological components in the bark and to see if the effect is permanent and how this influences the performance of the lambs in a longer perspective. If this should be transferred into practical use for the farmers, we need to find a simple and secure method for application and a practically, technically and economically viable method for extract production.
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- 2020
18. Combined Metabolome and Lipidome Analyses for In-Depth Characterization of Lipid Accumulation in the DHA Producing Aurantiochytrium sp. T66
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Bartosova, Zdenka, primary, Ertesvåg, Helga, additional, Nyfløt, Eirin Lishaugen, additional, Kämpe, Kristoffer, additional, Aasen, Inga Marie, additional, and Bruheim, Per, additional
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- 2021
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19. Seaweed and Seaweed Bioactives for Mitigation of Enteric Methane: Challenges and Opportunities
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Abbott, D. Wade, primary, Aasen, Inga Marie, additional, Beauchemin, Karen A., additional, Grondahl, Fredrik, additional, Gruninger, Robert, additional, Hayes, Maria, additional, Huws, Sharon, additional, Kenny, David A., additional, Krizsan, Sophie J., additional, Kirwan, Stuart F., additional, Lind, Vibeke, additional, Meyer, Ulrich, additional, Ramin, Mohammad, additional, Theodoridou, Katerina, additional, von Soosten, Dirk, additional, Walsh, Pamela J., additional, Waters, Sinéad, additional, and Xing, Xiaohui, additional
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- 2020
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20. Extract from Norwegian spruce bark against Eimeria in lambs
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Sørheim, Kristin, Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Johanssen, Juni Rosann E., and Aasen, Inga Marie
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animal diseases ,parasitic diseases ,Health and welfare ,Animal husbandry - Abstract
Coccidiosis is a serious disease in Young lambs in Norway. Resistance against Commercial anticoccidial chemicals have been demonstrated in conventional sheep farming. Condensed tannins (CT) from plant material have showed effect against nematodes and coccidia in former studies. In this study, etrxacts from Norwegian spruce bark was tested against Emeria spp in young lambs. The extract had a significant effect on the development of coccidia.
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- 2019
21. In vitro evaluation of utilisable crude protein and methane production for a diet in which grass silage was replaced by different levels and fractions of extracted seaweed proteins
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Ramin, Mohammad, Franco, Marcia, Roleda, Michael, Aasen, Inga Marie, Hetta, Mårten, and Steinshamn, Håvard
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Organic matter digestibility ,VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900 ,Fermentation parameters ,Feeding and growth ,food and beverages ,Extracted protein ,Microbial crude protein ,Animal husbandry ,Crude protein ,Rumen undegradable protein ,Utilisable crude protein ,Animal and Dairy Science ,Volatile fatty acids ,Methane ,Food Science - Abstract
Utilisable crude protein (uCP), methane (CH4) production and other fermentation parameters were analysed in vitro for a diet in which grass silage was replaced by different levels of seaweed protein fractions prepared from three seaweed species: Saccharina latissima, Alaria esculenta and Palmaria palmata. Ten fractions from these three species in which the protein content had been increased and the salt content reduced by simple processing were tested, with inclusion levels in the diet based on the nitrogen content of the fractions. Following an extraction procedure, four fractions from Saccharina latissima, three from Alaria esculenta and one from Palmaria palmata, were gradually included in the diet by replacing high quality silage with approximately 0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 g/g DM, while two high-protein fractions of Palmaria palmata were tested at replacement levels of 0, 0.075, 0.15 and 0.225 g/g DM. To estimate fermentation parameters, 500 mg of each diet were incubated in bottles with 60 mL buffered rumen fluid. Estimated uCP increased linearly with increasing replacement rate of grass silage with seaweed protein fractions (from 158 g/kg DM to 206 g/kg DM on average for all fractions). Increasing protein fraction from the brown seaweed Saccharina latissima in the diet significantly increased true organic matter digestibility (OMD) (from on average 0.786 to 0.821). Organic matter digestibility decreased with increasing level of Alaria esculenta fractions (from on average 0.785 to 0.733), which also gave a linear decrease in CH4 production (from on average 45.3 to 38.5 mL/g organic matter). As a result of decreased CH4 production and OMD, total volatile fatty acid concentration decreased with increasing level of Alaria esculenta fractions (from on average 69.5 to 63.0 mmol/L). Thus, positive and species-specific effects of seaweed on estimated uCP and fermentation parameters were observed in vitro when protein fractions remaining after an extraction procedure on seaweed partly replaced grass silage in the feed ration. In vitro evaluation of utilisable crude protein and methane production for a diet in which grass silage was replaced by different levels and fractions of extracted seaweed proteins
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- 2019
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22. Effect of supplementing sheep diets with macroalgae species on in vivo nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and blood amino acid profile
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Özkan Gülzari, Şeyda, Lind, Vibeke, Aasen, Inga Marie, Steinshamn, Håvard, Özkan Gülzari, Şeyda, Lind, Vibeke, Aasen, Inga Marie, and Steinshamn, Håvard
- Abstract
In this study, a brown macroalgae species, Saccharina latissima, processed to increase its protein concentration, and a red macroalgae species, Porphyra spp., were used to evaluate their in vivo digestibility, rumen fermentation and blood amino acid concentrations. Four castrated rams were used, whose diets were supplemented with a protein-rich fraction of S. latissima, a commercial Porphyra spp. and soybean meal (SBM). Our results show that the protein digestibility of a diet with S. latissima extract was lower (0.55) than those with Porphyra spp. (0.64) and SBM (0.66). In spite of the higher nitrogen (N) intake of diets containing Porphyra spp. and SBM (20.9 and 19.8 g N/day, respectively) than that with S. latissima (18.6 g N/day), the ratio of N excreted in faeces to total N intake was significantly higher in the diet with S. latissima than those with Porphyra spp. and SBM. This reflects that the utilization of protein in S. latissima was impaired, possibly due to reduced microbial activity. The latter statement is corroborated by lower volatile fatty acid composition (25.6, 54.8 and 100 mmol/l for S. latissima, Porphyra spp. and SBM, respectively) and a non-significant tendency for lower ammonia concentration observed in diets with S. latissima and Porphyra spp. compared to SBM. It is important to note that the S. latissima used in this trial was rinsed during processing to remove salt. This process potentially also removes other water-soluble compounds, such as free amino acids, and may have increased the relative fraction of protein resistant to rumen degradation and intestinal absorption. Furthermore, the phlorotannins present in macroalgae may have formed complexes with protein and fibre, further limiting their degradability in rumen and absorption in small intestines. We recommend that further studies explore the extent to which processing of macroalgae affects its nutritive properties and rumen degradability, in addition to studies to measure the intestin
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- 2019
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23. Newsletter Barkcure No. 2
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Steinshamn, Håvard, Sørheim, Kristin, Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Ptochos, Sokratis, Athanasiadou, Spiridoula, Woolsey, Ian, Enemark, Heidi, Aasen, Inga Marie, and Mahnert, Karl-Christian
- Subjects
Health and welfare ,Animal husbandry - Abstract
The second Newsletter for the research project called “Condensed tannins from Norwegian pine and spruce bark - antiparasitic effects and potential commercial exploitation”
- Published
- 2018
24. In vitro anthelmintic effects of bark extracts from Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris against sheep nematodes
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Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Ptochos, Sokratis, Enemark, Heidi, Thamsborg, Stig Milan, Aasen, Inga Marie, Steinshamn, Håvard, and Athanasiadou, Spiridoula
- Subjects
fungi ,parasitic diseases ,Sheep and goats ,Health and welfare - Abstract
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in sheep are a common cause of reduced animal welfare and performance, and thus, high economical losses. The emerging drug resistance in GIN prompts for new methods in combating infections. Several studies have indicated an anti-parasitic effect of tannin-rich plants when included in the diet. The objective of this study was to assess the potential in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of tannin-rich extracts from bark of common Norwegian trees (spruce and pine) against GIN of sheep.
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- 2018
25. In vitro evaluation of utilisable crude protein and methane production for a diet in which grass silage was replaced by different levels and fractions of extracted seaweed proteins
- Author
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Ramin, Mohammad, primary, Franco, Marcia, additional, Roleda, Michael Y., additional, Aasen, Inga Marie, additional, Hetta, Mårten, additional, and Steinshamn, Håvard, additional
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- 2019
- Full Text
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26. Draft genome sequence of the docosahexaenoic acid producing thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium sp. T66
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Liu, Bin, Ertesvåg, Helga, Aasen, Inga Marie, Vadstein, Olav, Brautaset, Trygve, and Heggeset, Tonje Marita Bjerkan
- Abstract
Thraustochytrids are unicellular, marine protists, and there is a growing industrial interest in these organisms, particularly because some species, including strains belonging to the genus Aurantiochytrium, accumulate high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Aurantiochytrium sp. T66 (ATCC PRA-276), with a size of 43 Mbp, and 11,683 predicted protein-coding sequences. The data has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/Genbank under the accession LNGJ00000000. The genome sequence will contribute new insight into DHA biosynthesis and regulation, providing a basis for metabolic engineering of thraustochytrids.
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- 2016
27. Draft genome sequence of the docosahexaenoic acid producing thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium sp. T66
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Liu, Bin, primary, Ertesvåg, Helga, additional, Aasen, Inga Marie, additional, Vadstein, Olav, additional, Brautaset, Trygve, additional, and Heggeset, Tonje Marita Bjerkan, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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28. The effects of dietary carbohydrate sources and forms on metabolic response and intestinal microbiota in sea bass juveniles, Dicentrarchus labrax
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Gatesoupe, Joel, Huelvan, Christine, Le Bayon, Nicolas, Severe, Armelle, Aasen, Inga Marie, Degnes, Kristin F., Mazurais, David, Panserat, Stephane, Zambonino-infante, Jose-luis, Kaushik, Sadasivam, Gatesoupe, Joel, Huelvan, Christine, Le Bayon, Nicolas, Severe, Armelle, Aasen, Inga Marie, Degnes, Kristin F., Mazurais, David, Panserat, Stephane, Zambonino-infante, Jose-luis, and Kaushik, Sadasivam
- Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the catabolic process of three kinds of dietary carbohydrates in the gut of sea bass juveniles, with the possible contribution of the intestinal microbiota to the nutrition of the host, and the subsequent effects on intermediary metabolism. A first diet contained waxy maize (99% amylopectin), a highly digestible form of starch. A second diet was less quickly digestible due to its high amylose content of resistant starch. Two other diets contained fibre instead of starch, either only cellulose as control, or also other non-starch polysaccharides brought by lupin meal. The effect of the diets on the host confirmed previous results, with the stimulation of glucose storage in the liver in sea bass fed the starchy diets, which caused a significant increase in liver weight, while lupin meal caused an increase in visceral mass. Glycaemia was higher 7 ± 1 h after the last meal in the group fed resistant starch, compared to the other dietary groups, while the fast digestion of waxy maize resulted already in hypertriglyceridemia, possibly due to hepatic neolipogenesis. At the same sampling time, the activity of free amylase was reduced in the intestine of sea bass fed resistant starch, but maltase activity was stimulated in the brush border membranes of enterocytes in the same group, confirming thus the timely digestion of resistant starch. Hepatic mRNA transcripts indicated that glucose metabolism was oriented towards neoglucogenesis by the high-fibre diets, and towards glucose storage by the starchy diets, especially with waxy maize. The diet influenced both faecal and mucosal microbiota, though in a different way, likely due to the interaction with the host. Lupin meal seemed potentially interesting as a source of prebiotic polysaccharides, by modifying the balance between Vibrio spp. and Clostridium sp. Both forms of starch were also partly metabolized by microbiota, resulting in an increased concentration of acetate in the faeces.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Draft genome sequence of the docosahexaenoic acid producing thraustochytrid Aurantiochytriumsp. T66
- Author
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Liu, Bin, Ertesvåg, Helga, Aasen, Inga Marie, Vadstein, Olav, Brautaset, Trygve, and Heggeset, Tonje Marita Bjerkan
- Abstract
Thraustochytrids are unicellular, marine protists, and there is a growing industrial interest in these organisms, particularly because some species, including strains belonging to the genus Aurantiochytrium, accumulate high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Aurantiochytriumsp. T66 (ATCC PRA-276), with a size of 43Mbp, and 11,683 predicted protein-coding sequences. The data has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/Genbank under the accession LNGJ00000000. The genome sequence will contribute new insight into DHA biosynthesis and regulation, providing a basis for metabolic engineering of thraustochytrids.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Bruk av tare i mat
- Author
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Kristoffersen, Marthe, Rustad, Turid, and Aasen, Inga Marie
- Published
- 2019
31. Studier av biofilmdannelse hos Pseudomonas species ved forskjellige dyrkingsmetoder
- Author
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Storvoll, Eirin, Ellingsen, Trond, Aasen, Inga Marie, Tøndervik, Anne, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi, Institutt for bioteknologi
- Subjects
ntnudaim:6558 ,6558 [ntnudaim] ,MBIOT Bioteknologi - Abstract
SINTEF har en konsernsatsing innenfor systembiologi og dette omfatter blant annet forståelse og bekjempelse av biofilmer. Biofilm kan forårsake skader innenfor medisin, matindustri, havbruk og industri. På en annen side kan biofilmer utnyttes positivt innenfor for eksempel biologisk vannrensing.Formålet med denne oppgaven har vært å etablere relevante teknikker for å studere biofilm. Dette har omfattet utprøving av ulike dyrkingmetoder, samt studier av effekt av dyrkingsbetingelser på biofilmdannelse. Pseudomonas aeruginosa benyttes som modellorganisme i SINTEFs prosjekt, og arbeidet i denne oppgaven har vært utført med den samme organismen. Biofilm ble dyrket i brønnplater og i reaktorer. I tillegg ble det etablert metode for å kvantifisere mengde biofilm, samt etablert metoder for å studere biofilm ved hjelp av konfokalmikroskopi og for studier av genuttrykk ved RT-PCR analyser.Videre ble det valgt å studere produksjon av sekundærmetabolitten pyocyanin i P. aeruginosa. Det ble undersøkt hvilke vekstbetingelser som gir lav og høy produksjon. Disse betingelsene ble videre benyttet til å undersøke uttrykk av gener involvert i pyocyaninsyntese, både planktonisk (frie celler) og i biofilm. I tillegg har oppgaven inkludert undersøkelse av mediets effekt på biofilmdannelse, produksjon av pyocyanin og uttrykk av utvalgte gener. Disse genene involverer gener som inngår i biofilmdannelse, pyocyaninproduksjon og qourum sensing. Det ble valgt å benytte stammene P. aeruginosa PAO1 og P. aeruginosa PA14 i oppgaven. Stammene ble sammenlignet med hensyn på pyocyaninproduksjon, planktonisk vekst og biofilmdannelse.Etablering av teknikker for å studere P. aeruginosa biofilm viste at det ble mulig å studere biofilm i brønnplater og reaktor, men at forbedring og optimalisering av metodene er nødvendig. Det ble vist at P. aeruginosa PAO1 hadde større veksthastighet enn P. aeruginosa PA14. P. aeruginosa PA14 produserte mest pyocyanin og hadde høyest uttrykk av gener involvert i syntese av pyocyanin (phzM og phzS), både planktonisk og i biofilm. Forskjeller i biofilmdannelse ble vist ved at slimdannelse ble sett hos P. aeruginosa PAO1, mens hos P. aeruginosa PA14 ble aggregatdannelse sett.Både forsøk med planktoniske celler (frie celler) og biofilmforsøk viste at fosfatbegrensning inntrer tidligere ved dyrking av P. aeruginosa PAO1 enn ved dyrking av P. aeruginosa PA14. Fosfatbegrensning ga økt pyocyaninproduksjon, men nedsatt biofilmdannelse. Det ble vist at pyocyaninproduksjon initieres i tidlig stasjonærfase for vekst av planktoniske celler og i tidlig biofilmutviklingstrinn. RT-PCR-resultater har vist at genet phzS, som inngår i siste trinn i syntese av pyocyanin, varierer mer med dyrkingsbetingelser, enn det phzM, som inngår i tidligere trinn gjør.
- Published
- 2011
32. Biofuel from Kelp - Fermentation of Alginate to Ethanol
- Author
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Evensen, Ida Maria, Østgaard, Kjetill, Aasen, Inga Marie, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi, Institutt for bioteknologi
- Subjects
MBIOT5 Bioteknologi ,ntnudaim:6542 ,6542 [ntnudaim] ,Biokatalyse/Biopolymerkjemi - Abstract
Bioenergi er et viktig alternativ for erstatning av petroleumsbasert drivstoff, men det er fremdeles et stort behov for forskning og utvikling av prosesser som kan bedre dagens teknologi. Bioenergi inkluderer blant annet biogass, biodiesel og bioetanol. Disse kan brukes som drivstoff og kan bidra til å redusere utslippene av drivhusgass fra transportsektoren. Utnyttelse av marin biomasse for bioenergiproduksjon er av særlig interesse, da det ikke avhenger av landareal og ferskvann for dyrking. Brunalger er marine alger med høyt innhold av karbohydrater og høy produktivitet. De akkumulerer karbohydratene mannitol og laminaran som opplagsnæring, og alginat er en svært viktig strukturkomponent i algene. Forskning viser at laminaran og mannitol kan fermenteres til etanol, men lite er gjort for å se på muligheter for også å omdanne alginatet til bioetanol og på den måten øke utbyttet av prosessen. Bioenergi fra marine alger er med dagens teknologi ikke konkurransedyktig på grunn av høye kostnader og lavt utbytte.Målet med oppgaven var å finne og karakterisere alginatdegraderende bakteriestammer med fermentativ metabolisme, og helst etanolproduksjon. Dette ble gjort ved å velge ut bakteriestammer med stort potensial for vekst på alginat fra isolerte og innkjøpte stammer. Det ble videre utført en rekke vekstforsøk med de utvalgte stammene på alginat, mannitol og glukose, med ulik begrensning av oksygentilførsel. Fermenteringsprodukter og substratkonsentrasjon ble bestemt ved hjelp av høypresisjonsvæskekromatografi (HPLC) og enzymatisk alginatanalyse. Det var også et ønske om å identifisere enzymer og eventuelt gener for alginatdegradering og fermenteringsspor. Alginatdegradering og ekstracellulære enzymer ble karakterisert ved hjelp av høypresisjon anionbytter-kromatografi med pulsamperiometrisk deteksjon (HPAEC-PAD). Intracellulære enzymer antatt involvert i alginatomsetting ble forsøkt påvist med DNA ekstraksjon og amplifisering med polymerasekjedereaksjon (PCR).De innledende forsøkene viste at mange av de isolerte stammene kunne utnytte alginat som vekstmedium. Både kråkebolletarm og råtnende tare viste seg å være gode kilder for alginatdegraderende bakteriestammer. Alle bestilte bakteriestammene kunne utnytte alginat. Av de utvalgte stammene som ble analysert videre hadde kun en stamme etanolproduksjon. Denne produserte etanol fra glukose og mannitol, men ikke fra alginat. Fra mannitol økte etanolutbytte når oksygentilførselen ble begrenset, og høyest oppnådde utbytte uten optimalisering var 0,23 g/g. Årsaken til at stammen ikke produserte etanol fra alginat var mest sannsynlig at redoksreaksjonen fra alginat til etanol ikke er balansert. Ekstracellulære alginat lyaser i de utvalgte stammene ble identifisert, og HPAEC-PAD analysen viste en nedbryting til hovedsakelig di- og tirmerer med den umettede uronsyren 4-deoxy-5-ketouronsyre som endegruppe. Videre intracellulært nedbrytingsspor lyktes ikke å identifisere, men nedbryting av umettede uronsyrer og dårlig vekst på andre uronsyrer styrket hypotesen om en direkte omdanning til 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glukoat.Resultatene viste at en av hovedutfordringene med produksjon av bioetanol fra tare og alginat er å balansere nedbrytingssporet fra alginat til etanol. Mer detaljerte fermentorforsøk med alginatdegraderende og etanolfermenterende stammer kan gi svar på om det er praktisk og økonomisk mulig med en produksjon av bioetanol fra tare der alginat inkluderes. Det vurderes nå muligheter for utvikling av et bioraffineri, hvor etanolproduksjon fra karbohydratene mannitol og laminaran kan kombineres med at resten av materialet utnyttes, eksempelvis til biogass. Dette kan vise seg å være en bedre mulighet enn fermentering av alginat til etanol.
- Published
- 2011
33. Pro- og prebiotika for torskelarver
- Author
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Flesche, Kristine, Vadstein, Olav, Aasen, Inga Marie, and Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi, Institutt for bioteknologi
- Subjects
ntnudaim:6546 ,6546 [ntnudaim] ,MBIOT Bioteknologi - Abstract
Dårlig overlevelse av fiskelarver grunnet sykdomsutbrudd er et stort problem innen akvakultur. Dette er i stor grad forårsaket av opportunistiske bakterier som blomstrer opp når fôr tilsettes i store mengder. Et forsøk på å bekjempe sykdommene har vært bruk av antimikrobielle midler, men dette har ført til at bakterier har utviklet resistens mot slike midler. Det er derfor ønskelig å redusere bruken av disse midlene, og flere alternative metoder har blitt prøvd ut. Deriblant har bruk av både vaksiner og immunstimulerende agenter vist seg å være vellykket innen akvakultur. En annen metode, med stort potensial for å kunne kontrollere potensielle patogene stammer, er bruken av gunstige eller probiotiske bakterier. Probiotika virker ved å gi en helsefremmende effekt på vertsorganismen, og kan i tillegg utkonkurrere patogene bakterier. Tilsats av prebiotika, som er ufordøyelige komponenter, favoriserer vekst av probiotiske stammer og danner ugunstige miljø for patogene stammer.I denne oppgaven ble potensielle probiotiske bakterier for bruk til torskelarver karakterisert. Bakteriene som ble benyttet var isolert fra torskeyngel gjennom et prosjekt i SINTEF, og var karakterisert ved klassiske, mikrobiologiske metoder, i tillegg til sekvensering av deler av 16S rRNA-genet. Isolatene ble i oppgaven videre karakterisert med hensyn på probiotiske egenskaper under ulike vekstvilkår, både i renkultur, ko-kultur og blandingskultur. Denaturerende gradient gelelektroforese (DGGE), som er en metode for å analysere genetisk diversitet innen mikrobielle samfunn, ble benyttet for å karakterisere vekst i blandingskulturer. For å påvise eventuelle degraderings- og fermenteringsprodukt ble høytrykksvæskekromatografi (HPLC) benyttet. To patogene stammer ble inkludert i oppgaven; Vibrio anguillarum (V. anguillarum) HI 610 (også kalt Listonella anguillarum) og Marinomonas sp.Det ble påvist probiotiske egenskaper hos stammene som ble undersøkt i denne oppgaven, in vitro. Egenskapene inkluderte evne til vekst på prebiotiske substrat, evne til å utkonkurrere eller hemme patogene stammer, evne til adhesjon til mukus og vekst under anaerobe forhold. Ingen av stammene ble vist å være patogene for torskelarver. Kandidatene som ble vist å ha flest av de probiotiske egenskapene var av slektene Photobacterium, Pseudoalteromonas, Marinomonas, Vibrio og Shewanella. Det er ikke alltid at in vitro studier gjengis in vivo, og motsatt. Det bør derfor utføres in vivo forsøk på de beste kandidatene for å bekrefte at de virkelig er probiotiske.
- Published
- 2011
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