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2. Page from al-Sufi's Treatise of the Fixed Stars, Virgo
- Abstract
8 25/32 in. x 5 25/32 in.; ink and colors on paper, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-UMDVRC1IC-X-D09-14577%5DD09-14577, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/umdvrc1ic/D09-14577/D09-14577/!250,250, Copyright limits viewing of most images in this collection to members of the University of Michigan community. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, U.S. Code) governs the making of copies of copyrighted material. When using these images, it's your responsibility to observe the rights of the copyright holders and to comply with the University of Michigan Copyright Policy, University of Michigan Standard Practice Guide, http://spg.umich.edu/policy/601.07., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html
- Published
- 1009
3. Une mesure du nombre annuel de nouveaux actifs étrangers en France
- Author
-
Jean-François Léger and Yves Breem
- Subjects
immigration ,activity ,demographic trend ,indirect estimation method ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
From a quantitative point of view, the foreign and immigrant presence in the labor market is well known, thanks to the many official statistical reports. On the other hand, we do not know much about the inflows and outflows which affect the active foreign and immigrant population. The precise objective of this paper is to address that gap in our knowledge. By means of several hypotheses, if we accept an obvious lack of precision, we can approximate the yearly number of foreign entries into the French labor market by establishing an indirect method of estimation through drawing upon and developing information relative, on one hand to the foreign presence in the labour market and, on the other, to the flow of legal foreign nationals’ entries within the scope of permanent immigration. However, since the free circulation agreement between EU countries prevents us from being able to determine the migratory population movement of native Europeans precisely, the indirect measure of the yearly number of new foreign workers can only encompass those from countries outside of this agreement. Despite this limitation, the numerical application from 2007 to 2009 enables us to considerably add to the information needed for a rough estimation of foreigners coming into France.Consequently, we are able to establish that about 130,000 foreign natives from non-EU countries arrived in France as permanent immigrants. Among them, one in ten already had an employment contract in France, and half entered the labour market in the following year. If we add inactive foreigners present in France for several years who gained access to the labour market for the first time, the yearly flow of new active native foreigners from non-EU countries between 2007 and 2009 rises to about 100,000 people—the greatest increase in 20 years.
- Published
- 1013
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4. Collected papers / Sigmund Freund
- Published
- 1053
5. Cold Meal in Huangzhou
- Abstract
Su Shi; 1 ft. 1 25/64 in. x 3 ft. 10 27/32 in.; hanging scroll, ink on paper, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-UMDVRC1IC-X-D14-12016%5DD14-12016, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/umdvrc1ic/D14-12016/D14-12016/!250,250, Copyright limits viewing of most images in this collection to members of the University of Michigan community. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, U.S. Code) governs the making of copies of copyrighted material. When using these images, it's your responsibility to observe the rights of the copyright holders and to comply with the University of Michigan Copyright Policy, University of Michigan Standard Practice Guide, http://spg.umich.edu/policy/601.07., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html
- Published
- 1082
6. Poems Written at Huangchou on the Cold-Food Festival
- Abstract
Su Shi; handscroll, ink on paper, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-UMDVRC1IC-X-D08-14216%5DD08-14216, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/umdvrc1ic/D08-14216/D08-14216/!250,250, Copyright limits viewing of most images in this collection to members of the University of Michigan community. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, U.S. Code) governs the making of copies of copyrighted material. When using these images, it's your responsibility to observe the rights of the copyright holders and to comply with the University of Michigan Copyright Policy, University of Michigan Standard Practice Guide, http://spg.umich.edu/policy/601.07., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html
- Published
- 1082
7. Hanshan's Poem for Bang Jushi: detail
- Abstract
Huang Tingjian; H: 11 29/64 in.; handscroll, ink on paper, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-UMDVRC1IC-X-D08-14274%5DD08-14274, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/umdvrc1ic/D08-14274/D08-14274/!250,250, Copyright limits viewing of most images in this collection to members of the University of Michigan community. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, U.S. Code) governs the making of copies of copyrighted material. When using these images, it's your responsibility to observe the rights of the copyright holders and to comply with the University of Michigan Copyright Policy, University of Michigan Standard Practice Guide, http://spg.umich.edu/policy/601.07., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html
- Published
- 1099
8. Colophon on to Su Shi's Poems Written at Huangchou on the Cold-Food Festival
- Abstract
Huang Tingjian; handscroll, ink on paper, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-UMDVRC1IC-X-D08-14273%5DD08-14273, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/umdvrc1ic/D08-14273/D08-14273/!250,250, Copyright limits viewing of most images in this collection to members of the University of Michigan community. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, U.S. Code) governs the making of copies of copyrighted material. When using these images, it's your responsibility to observe the rights of the copyright holders and to comply with the University of Michigan Copyright Policy, University of Michigan Standard Practice Guide, http://spg.umich.edu/policy/601.07., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html
- Published
- 1100
9. Detail of the Colophon on to Su Shi's Poems Written at Huangchou on the Cold-Food Festival
- Abstract
Huang Tingjian; handscroll, ink on paper, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-UMDVRC1IC-X-D08-14217%5DD08-14217, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/umdvrc1ic/D08-14217/D08-14217/!250,250, Copyright limits viewing of most images in this collection to members of the University of Michigan community. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, U.S. Code) governs the making of copies of copyrighted material. When using these images, it's your responsibility to observe the rights of the copyright holders and to comply with the University of Michigan Copyright Policy, University of Michigan Standard Practice Guide, http://spg.umich.edu/policy/601.07., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html
- Published
- 1100
10. Inhaled glucocorticoids versus leukotriene receptor antagonists as single agent asthma treatment: systematic review of current evidence
- Author
-
Francine M. Ducharme
- Subjects
Adult ,Exacerbation ,Risk Factors ,Administration, Inhalation ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Glucocorticoids ,General Environmental Science ,Asthma ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Inhalation ,Leukotriene receptor ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,General Medicine ,Beclometasone dipropionate ,medicine.disease ,Treatment Outcome ,Anesthesia ,Relative risk ,Papers ,Number needed to treat ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Leukotriene Antagonists ,business ,Glucocorticoid ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of anti-leukotrienes and inhaled glucocorticoids as monotherapy in people with asthma. Design: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials comparing anti-leukotrienes with inhaled glucocorticoids for 28 days or more in children and adults. Main outcome measure: Rate of exacerbations that required treatment with systemic glucocorticoids. Results: 13 trials (12 in adults, one in children) met the inclusion criteria; all were in people with mild and moderate asthma. Leukotriene receptor antagonists were compared with inhaled glucocorticoids at a daily dose equivalent to 400–450 μg beclometasone dipropionate. Patients treated with leukotriene receptor antagonists were 60% more likely to suffer an exacerbation requiring systemic glucocorticoids (relative risk 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 2.2; number needed to treat 27, 13 to 81). A 130 ml greater improvement (80 ml to 170 ml) in forced expiratory volume in one second and a 19 l/min greater increase (14 l to 24 l) in morning peak expiratory flow rate were noted in favour of inhaled glucocorticoids. Differences in favour of inhaled glucocorticoids were also observed for nocturnal awakenings, use of rescue β2 agonists, and days without symptoms. Risk of side effects was no different between groups, but leukotriene receptor antagonists were associated a 2.5-fold increase risk of withdrawals due to poor asthma control (relative risk 2.5, 1.8 to 3.5). Conclusions: Inhaled glucocorticoids doses equivalent to 400 μg/day beclometasone are more effective than leukotriene receptor antagonists in the treatment of adults with mild or moderate asthma. There is insufficient evidence to conclude on the efficacy of anti-leukotrienes in children. What is already known on this topic In 2000 a Cochrane systematic review tentatively concluded that control of asthma was better in patients treated with inhaled glucocorticoids as single agents than with anti-leukotrienes The 2002 Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines still classify the role of anti-leukotrienes as “under investigation” What this study adds Anti-leukotrienes as single agent are less effective than low doses of inhaled glucocorticoids for patients with mild and moderate persistent asthma
- Published
- 2003
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