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Social anthropology alows us to have a good look at the most recent urban transformations which took place in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. More specifically, we concentrate our attention on the urban renewal process which takes place in the suburban areas of this city. This urban regeneration process is connected with the sub-urbanization or peri-urbanization of middle / upper class groups in residential neighborhoods with security systems. Focusing on the process of growing and development of these "gated communities", this paper explores one of the most recent urban changes which are clearly seen in contemporary cities. We elaborate some statements about the phenomena under discussion based on a fieldwork experience carried out among residents of these particular residential products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plagiodontes patagonicus (d'Orbigny, 1835) is a quite variable species endemic to southern Buenos Aires province (Argentina). Its taxonomic characterization did not include any quantitative analysis of variability for an accurate discrimination, and the extremes of its variation were described as different subspecies or species. In this paper, shell measurements and angles, and quantitative data on the terminal male genitalia were studied by Principal Component Analysis and Varimax multivariate analysis. Typical Plagiodontes patagonicus and the largest form known as P. patagonicus magnus Hylton-Scott, 1951 showed an almost continuous pattern of shell variation, which is positively correlated with the altitude gradient over their geographical range, which in turn is correlated with a rainfall gradient, i.e. they constitute a size-form cline that does not allow objective delimitation of different morphospecies. Data from the genital system were also arranged as a geographical gradient within the P. patagonicus patagonicus–P. patagonicus magnus continuum. The variability of protoconch sculpture and apertural teeth also indicate recognition of them as a single taxon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the construction of the political agenda in the election campaign for the Government of Buenos Aires City in 2003, interpreting this in terms of hegemonical articulation. First, it tries to describe and compare the different thoughtful candidates strategies which set a particular agenda. As a provisional hypothesis it is affirmed that this discursive strategies are constructed around the image of the corrupt like a negative identification's device, in a struggle which resolution depends on the citizenship's behaviour in the elections. On the other hand, this behaviour is analysed by assuming that it takes its form as an answers to this discursive struggle, within a framework characterized by the fluctuation of the vote, the weakening of the supporters' fidelity and the growth of an independent electorate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to analyze the interpretations of undergraduate students of the University of Buenos Aires about the following issues: I) the diffusion of corrupt practices in the Argentine society; II) the consequences of corruption to the functioning of democracy; III) the respect of basic laws and civil and social rights, and IV) the future functioning of the democratic system. Data comes from a survey conducted during November 2002 among 316 students aged 18 to 36 years who were attending the schools of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Medicine, Odontology, Engineering, Law and Economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a pilot experience in which the effects of story-book reading in the production of narrative discourse were analyzed. A group of five year old children from low-income families from the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina, took part in an intervention program in which a trained teacher daily read stories and interacted with the children about them. Results showed that at the end of the school year children had improved their narrative abilities and were able to produce stories in which they included the categories of the story structure, organized the information in episodic goal related structure and in a coherent sequence of episodes as in the most complex narrative forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The massive growth of gated communities was one of the major urban changes during the 1990s in the Buenos Aires suburbs, but urban planners face many problems because of such developments. These upper-class enclaves, using large tracts of land, spring up at the periphery of cities, which are, in developing countries, lower-class residential areas, creating striking urban contrasts. The municipalities of the second suburban ring of Buenos Aires, with high population growth rates and the poorest inhabitants of the whole metropolis, often have limited resources and great difficulties controlling their own urbanisation. Focusing on the example of the municipality of Pilar, 50 km north of Buenos Aires, an epicentre for the gated communities' boom, this paper shows that planning regulations, often obsolete, are poorly applied. If gated communities generate some economic development, it appears that suburban municipalities and the majority of their residents actually take very little advantage of the arrival of closed affluent neighbourhoods in their localities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship between Reiki Usui's ethiological myth and the action guide that it provides to the Reiki Masters. The material was gathered during a fieldwork, carried out in some Reiki Centers in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. The narratives of Dr. Usui's initiation in the sacred manipulation of Universal Energy, and the way he receives therapeutic power from "Light Beings", gives to the initiated a definition of their roles and the prescriptions about his/her behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the political discourse of a not well-known source, the magazine "Por ellos", the official organ of the Civil Legionaries of Franco, a group created in the city of Buenos Aires to collaborate with the national side. Although the objective of the publication was the creation of orphanages destined to the young war victims, it became a space to express the ideas of those who had raised against the government of the Second Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper studies patterns of family and kinship in the rural areas of the province of Buenos Aires in the 19* century . It intends, to approach to the role of women in the transmission of kinship networks and that of kin as a frame of material and emotional protection in a context of intense male mobility and proliferation of matrifocal households. It also pursues, the analysis of the sexual and family ethos prevalent at that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ongoing instability in Argentina that emerged from the December 2001 uprising in Buenos Aires(the“Argentinazo”) has been one of the highest profile examples in recent years of reaction to the economic“disciplining” of a country. For enthusiasts, this reaction has been resistance, an upsurge against neoliberalisation by people conscious of what was happening and with alternative conceptions of how things should be(;;;;;;,;;). Subaltern resistances such as those developed by Argentines have been the subject of much geographical writing on resistance in recent years(;;;). This paper addresses the range of actions, or“action repertoire”(:20–21), of the Argentinazo to examine the extent to which alternative material and discursive“convergence spaces”() of political engagement emerged both as resistance to, and articulating a coherent alternative to, neoliberalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes in the concrete practice of socio economical shaping of urban space, in the middle of the field that spreads out between: transformations originated on worldwide neoliberal processes that are taking place in a megacity, and the urban stage imagined by some authors about global, informational or postmodern cities. This study refers to the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Region, particularly to five of its municipalities in the period that goes from 1991 to 2001. To explain these shaping processes, this work is organized around the following questions: How is the joint between society and space produced? Which is its logic? What are the prevalent social relations on which the shaping of urban space is currently supported? How is organized and what are the main social actors of the market that works on the shaping of urban space? What is the urban space made up? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This aim of this paper is to review the expectations and motivations students of EGB3 and Polimodal levels have respect to their a Physical Education (P.E.) classes in the city of Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires. We collected data from four schools, two of them located in middle-to high-class areas, and two in low-middle class neighborhoods. Students were asked to anonymously complete a closed survey, where the main issues assessed were: 1) students' disposition towards P.E. classes; 2) their perception of P.E. classes; 3) how this activity was viewed outside the school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I analyse the different perspectives that are enunciated by three federal lines about political parties, during Juan Manuel de Rosas' first government. Political, economical and institutional reasons underlie the speech of those federalist groups. Such disparity of interests and arguments assume special importance to understand the causes of the existence of such divisions inside the federal party. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the Law, it is possible make a difference between subjective rights (individual's faculty) and objective rights (society's order). The Law is not exclusively one or the other; but rather an order which connects both parts. This mechanism shows difficulties because the movement makes them part of a complex and delicate system. This paper attempts to observe this mechanism working; to understand the construction of this order as part of the new needs of certain groups and see how they take shape giving birth to a new conception of family and inheritance during the first half of XIX century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we report the copulation behavior of the Greater Rhea (Rhea americana), a species in which males defend a harem of females. We describe the females' behavior during 14 copulation events observed from 1995-1997 at Buenos Aires province, Argentina. During copulations, females performed a more active role than previously suggested. Moreover, on three occasions we observed that harem females performed a complex copulation solicitation display, forming a closed circle to attract the male. We hypothesize that this display could be a reliable signal to the male of the tendency of females to be inseminated and lay eggs communally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is placed on the tradition of the studies about questions related to cultural products reception. Its focus are the perceptions and meanings of the audience consuming those products. Consists on the presentation of the results of the empiric phase of the investigation through which is tried to explain the reasons that justify the problematic relationship between public and music produced by electroacoustic means at academic level, in the city of Buenos Aires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the 'urban experience' in the Buenos Aires of the 1920s and 1930s, the avant-garde city, through the comparison between Paris and Buenos Aires and myths of modernity (surrealism, T. S. Eliot and Joyce). A framework of a mutating city, oscillating between an infernal and a heavenly city, between city anguish and the city as a refuge in the mind, is established through three avant-garde reactions. The first is 'Borges's city of street freedoms' and deals with how the infernal city takes hold of his mind. The second is Xul Solar's 'metaphysical city' as escapist from the cruel market place of actual Buenos Aires, and the third is Leopoldo Marechal's tale of two cities in his novel Adán Buenosayres, 1948, where Marechal recreates the avant-garde city of Borges and Xul Solar at the Norah Lange 'salon', but flimsily disguised. Adán's descent into 'Cacodelphia' with Xul Solar, who also designed this hell, and it turns out to be in fact the actual, infernal city of 1920s Buenos Aires. This third section also attempts to recuperate a novel sidelined by the boom writers and promoters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban life, as opposed to rural life, is a form of socio-cultural interaction characterized by its tendency to promote , anonymous and extra-family relationships. The city tends towards specialization and heterogeneity. Journalistic discourse constitutes a way of urban articulation that stimulates interactions and contributes to the construction of processes of socio-cultural identification. This article is part of a wider project whose aim is to search the ways in which journalistic discourse was constructed in relation to socio-cultural identification in the city of Buenos Aires in the period 1800-1825. In this paper the mechanisms of identity formation in Buenos Aires and their interaction with the socio-political, socio-economical and socio-cultural spheres are analyzed from evidence appearing in the first River Plate newspaper, Telégrafo Mercantil, edited in 1801 and 1802. Beginning with an analysis of the key words, we set to search Buenos Aires urban imaginary, which the newspaper contributes to reinforce as a site of collective interaction. The city appears as a social, political, economical and cultural projection, which highlights the importance of Buenos Aires and contrasts it with life in the countryside presented as of inferior hierarchy. Thus, an urban project is developed, related to elements of belonging and identification, which cannot be equaled in its realization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the role performed by the parsons as ecclesiastical judges in the Buenos Aires rural parishes during the last colonial decades. For such purpose, we analysed the regulation relating to their functions in the judicial environment as well as the effective exercise of these tasks. Particularly three fields of action of these parishes-judges are considered: marital control, the administration of the right of "asilo en sagrado", and their intervention in testamentary dispositions. The period in which we center the research is crossed by the tension that meant the reduction of competences carried out by borbonic policies. In response to these regalist measures, we will see clergymen either deprived of some judicial functions, keeping others, or resisting the reduction of some tasks that, until that moment, were in their hands. As it would happen in other areas, also in the excercise of justice, parishes and mayors will share some functions and -not unfrequently- will compete for the control of the institutional power at local levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The PuÁ¡n district in the southwest of the province of Buenos Aires covers an area of 6,385 km2 (2,465 mi2) and has a population of about 18,000 residing in small urban centers and rural areas where farming is the main economic activity. Owing to the absence of freshwater streams and the low level of rainfall, groundwater provides the principal source of water and is used for human and animal consumption, as well as for the growing network of supplementary irrigation. This paper gives an overview of the district's water resources by reporting on the landscape, surface runoff, and groundwater quality within the framework of six geomorphological environments. Groundwater depth, anion-cation content and principal pollutants are measured in representative samples from each geomorphological unit. Pollutants are divided into those of natural origin (arsenic-boron-fluoride) and those induced by anthropic activity. The results obtained provide a basis for the adequate planning of water management, taking into account the consequences of groundwater exploitation and the implementation of preventive measures where necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the characterization of the rioplatense rural world in the first half of the nineteenth century by the analysis of the colonization process in an area situated in the south of Salado River in present Buenos Aires province. We circumscribe our work in time and space focusing on Dolores District (with a larger surface than the present one) between 1789 and 1860. The characterization of the process to access to the usufruct and to the legal property of land in the area added to the social and demographical analysis of the population (Mascioli, 1999) expects to be a contribution to the above mentioned topic. The case studied is far from being a paradigamatic example of the "expansion of livestock breeding" that would have taken place in latifundia owned by a few owners (a familiar image when we talk about an area situated in the south of Salado River in times of the colonization process between the end of the eighteenth cen the process studied are evident: to usufruct and to access to the legal property of land in Dolores implies the possibility to transit different ways for producers with different possibilities and necessities. Besides, the reconstruction of the process will let us compare it with others that took place in other lands and time, in order to explain the occupation of the pampeano surface in a diachronic perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the process of settlement in a zone of the south frontier of Buenos Aires province, the Azul brook one, which -differently from other areas of Buenos Aires field- was driven by the Provincial State of Buenos Aires throughout a sequence of conditioned donations of small and medium portions of lands which were developed by the Rosas government since 1830. These donations contributed to the settlement and the production labor of these lands by civil population that settled there and that generated relationships with the indigenous comunities established in the zone, who were articulated to the policy of the "negocio pacífico de indios" ("pacific deal of indians"). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the role of vegetables -- especially fresh vegetables -- in the traditional eating behavior for people living in the outskirts of the city of Buenos Aires. Through qualitative techniques the following items are put forward: a. consumption habits and preferences, b. combinations, c. preparation. By means of the review of this information, the possibility to expand the consumption of products in this industry is put forward, on the basis of the lack of hurdles, both symbolic and of effective access, is determined. There are, however, certain limitations in relation to preparation and information techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unemployment rate climbed to 20 percent in the Buenos Aires metropolitan area in the mid-1990s. Some government officials blamed immigration from neighboring countries as one factor responsible for the increase. This paper fails to find evidence to support such a view. In addition, variation of earnings between the beginning and the peak of the unemployment crisis is considered. Although males of all national origin groups were worse off after the employment bubble burst, the earnings of immigrants from neighboring countries declined the most. The explanation for this finding may rest on the legal status of these immigrants, which could not be tested with the available data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diatom flora of Paso de las Piedras reservoir and affluents, Buenos Aires Province, was studied. In this paper we present those species and varieties that belong to the families Diatomaceae, Achnathaceae and Eunotiaceae. Each taxon, studied with light and/or scanning electron microscope, is described and ilustrated. The taxonomic information is completed with references about geographic distribution and ecological requirements. Diatoma moniliforme Kützing, a new record for Argentina and South America is included. A brief characterization of the study area and methodology are also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the epiphytic algae found in a channel and in an artificial pond in Estación Experimental INTA Delta (Buenos Aires, Argentina). These algae are in relation with a carp population that feeds on them in their early stages. A total of 21 taxa were identified. One was a new taxon, Uronema elongatum Hoodgetts var. robustus L. Mercado et Vigna, and six are new records for Argentina. Among the Cyanophyceae, the 60% were associated algae whereas the rest were epiphytic on emergent macrophytes. The coccoid Xantophyceae were found on filamentous Chlorophyceae, whereas the filaments themselves were epiphytic on emergent macrophytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three genera and nineteen species of foliose Physciaceae from Buenos Aires Province are studied. Their common features are summarized and main morphological variability illustrated Generic descriptions are provided. Species are briefly described, commented and illustrated Problems related to the identification of some secondary products, the anatomy and histology of thalli and apothecia, and the vegetative propagules, as well as the corresponding terminology, are discussed The Importance of an adequate methodology for studying the thallus structure is stressed. Keys to genera and species have been published in an earlier paper (Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 28: 169-173, 1992). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the taxonomic study of soil algae in the surroundings of Buenos Aires (Argentina). Sixty-five species are studied. They belong to sixteen genera of Cyanophyceae distributed in five families and two Orders, and twenty genera of Chlorophyceae distributed in twelve families and six Orders. Among Cyanophyceae the family Oscillatoriaceae is the best represented with six genera and twenty species; among the Chlorophyceae, the Chlorococcaceae with six genera and eight species. The species Phormidium frigidum, Ph. subtruncatum, Ph. rubriterricola, Ph. papy raceum, Hydrocoleum brebissoni, Anabaena fertilissima, Tolypothrix brevis, Plectonema gracillimum (Cyanophyceae) and Chlamydomonas gloeopara, Bracteococcus minor, B. giganteus, Chlorococcum pinguideum, Chlorella fusca var. fusca, Ch. saccharophila var. saccharophila, Ch. zofingensis, Ch. minutissima and Klebsormidium subtile (Chlorophyceae) are new records for Argentina, and so are the genera Coccomyxa, Klebsormidium and Pleurococcus (Chlorophyceae). They are described and the species illustrated. Keys are given for the identification of the orders, families, genera and species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this special section of this issue of Science and Public Policy, authors try to find new answers to some enduring questions about social cohesion and social inclusion that have long been present in social thought. The aim of the various contributions is to refine the approaches to inclusion and cohesion in order to increase their impact in policy-making. Authors believe that forward-looking approaches need further tailoring in order to better suit the needs of decision-makers and their changing environment, and that there is an urgent need to inform the public about the potential value of the analysis of these problems. Earlier versions of the papers were presented at the Meeting of the Latin American Association of Science and Technology Studies (ESOCITE), held 20-23 July 2010 at Buenos Aires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shallow lakes are distinctive aquatic ecosystems of the Pampean region. In this paper, climatic, morphometric and chemical-environmental aspects of six lacustrine bodies of the Salado River basin, Buenos Aires, are analyzed. The climatic variability of the region was estimated and linked to the behavior of each water body during the studied period (2017–2018); precipitations displayed deviations from the mean values, with periods of deficit in spring and summer, and excess in autumn. The analysis of satellite images showed a group of lakes with very low variation of the morphometric parameters because they have gates that keep the water level constant. On the contrary, those without anthropic intervention displayed a greater morphometric variability, since the water levels have been directly linked to local weather fluctuations. From a chemical-environmental perspective, changes were observed both at the regional (p = 0.015) and local (p = 0.0014) levels. Differences among sites cannot be characterized by a single variable but by a set of them. The dominant cation in the Pampean shallow lakes is the Na+ coming from the contact of groundwater with loessic sediments. Lakes showed a particular anionic dominance that not following a seasonal but a particular pattern. These are mainly linked to the characteristics of the substrate (presence of marine sediments or gypsum deposits). The great vulnerability of these environments to global and regional climatic changes, anthropic modifications and a large number of shallow lakes in the area, allow finding different scenarios (geomorphological, ecological, hydrogeological, etc.) to assess their vulnerability and predict their behavior against future climate scenarios in an economically important area for Argentine. Image 1 • Shallow lakes morphometric characteristics are related to their geomorphologic context. • Sodium is the main cation, mainly as a result of Pampean loess degradation. • Presence of different anions and water types are conditioned by lake sediments. • Local rainfall determinate water levels in unmodified systems. • In anthropised sites, hydrological and morphological parameters are less variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article highlights several activities of the Graduate School of Library and Information Science (GSLIS) that took place in conjunction with the General Conference of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). In the past, the conference has become a gathering where not only papers are presented, workshops held, and the business of IFLA are conducted. This event also paved the way for other organizations, institutions and groups to take advantage of the gathering of numerous library and information professionals. During the winter of 2003-2004, Dean Prudence W. Dalrymple suggested the holding of the GSLIS event at the upcoming conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The aim was to make a contribution to inter-American library relations through enhanced contacts and better understanding of issues. The event was named A Day of Cross Cultural Exchange.

In potato, dry matter (DM) production and partitioning between plant organs and N accumulation are affected by N application; however, since cultivars differ in these processes, N fertilization must be adjusted to each cultivar. This paper studies the response of potato cultivars differing in maturity to N fertilization in the south-east of the Buenos Aires Province (37°45′S, 58°18′W) in two growing seasons. Treatments combined four N doses (0–180 kg ha-1) and four cultivars: Jaerla (early), Spunta (mid-early), Mailén INTA (medium late) and Huinkul MAG (late). DM and N content were measured in leaves, stems and tubers throughout the growing season and intercepted photosynthetically active radiation was regularly assessed. There was an increase in tuber yield up to intermediate N doses (60 kg ha-1 in 1990 and 120 kg ha-1 in 1991). Tuber yield was similar for Spunta and Huinkul MAG. There was no interaction between cultivar and N fertilization for tuber dry matter yield. DM partitioning to leaves and tubers during the growing season differed among cultivars, but N availability affected partitioning similarly for all cultivars. Jaerla had a high and Huinkul MAG had a low radiation use efficiency between plant emergence and the beginning of tuber formation. Jaerla, Spunta and Mailén INTA reached maximum N content in foliage at ≈60 days after emergence and Huinkul MAG 20 days later. Total N content at maturity varied between 120 and 250 kg ha-1 and was affected by cultivar and N dose. The results will help to improve N fertilization recommendations and management practices as related to each cultivar under the environmental conditions of this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]