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1. What the World Chemical Community Thinks about the Concept of Physical and Chemical Change?

Author

Palmer, W. P.

Abstract

The concept of physical and chemical change is far from being the clearest and most self-explanatory concept in the world. If a number of chemists are asked to define physical and chemical change, there may well appear to be a fair degree of uniformity in their answers, until a few examples are suggested. When chemists are asked to place a variety of changes into the category of physical or chemical change, then differences inevitably arise. It is not difficult to demonstrate this by viewing school textbooks and articles about the topic. In spite of this, physical and chemical change is still taught in most in most secondary school courses. The problem arises from the definition and the historical layers of meaning that have grown around the concept, almost by accretion, without teachers being aware of their significance. The purpose of this paper is to describe the answers given by experienced educators to a questionnaire, which attempted to find out what the views of science educators/chemists worldwide about physical and chemical change now are. Four appendixes present: (1) List of Respondents; (2) List of Questionnaires Returned; (3) Physical and Chemical Change: An Information Sheet; and (4) Full Questionnaire: Interview Protocol or Basis for Written Response.

Published
1996

2. Transition between Primary and Secondary School: Why It Is Important and How It Can Be Supported

Author

Hanewald, Ria

Abstract

This paper identifies and critiques literature on the experience of transition between primary and secondary school; how and why it is seen as critical and in what ways it can be supported. The aim of this literature review is to remind readers of this important period on the lives of young people and the diverse range of issues which they face. There is general consensus in the literature that well-designed and implemented transition approaches can assist in the process of supporting students, their families and school staff. Teachers are crucial in supporting children and young people moving in, between and out of school and making these transitions positive experiences. Therefore, pre-service teacher education needs to include awareness and understanding of the main issues in relation to transition. Teacher educators need to consider how they can incorporate transition programs and strategies in their courses to ensure that graduate teachers have the skills and knowledge to mediate some of the pressures that their students are facing when dealing with transitions. (Contains 1 figure.)

Published
2013

3. Responding to the Challenges of KM Education in the LIS Sector: Some Academic and Professional Perspectives

Author

Hazeri, Afsaneh and Martin, Bill

Abstract

As a newly emerging field of study, KM education is faced with significant challenges which continue to evolve. Informed by wider organisational perspectives, this paper presents the findings of recent research into this field. The first part of the research was in the form of an online survey canvassing the views of the wider LIS community on the responsibility of LIS schools for KM education; the second consisted of a collection of in-depth interviews with LIS academics who were engaged in education for KM. It is clear that the main challenges associated with KM education in the LIS discipline concern people's perceptions of KM and the place of KM in LIS education. Changes need to be made, both to these perceptions and to the ways in which LIZ schools market and package their KM offerings. (Contains 5 tables.)

Published
2009

4. Patterns of cognitive dissonance-reducing beliefs among smokers: a longitudinal analysis from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey.

Author

Fotuhi, Omid, Fong, Geoffrey T., Zanna, Mark P., Borland, Ron, Yong, Hua-Hie, and Cummings, K. Michael

Subjects
COGNITIVE dissonance, CONCEPTUAL structures, CONSUMER attitudes, HEALTH attitudes, LONGITUDINAL method, MOTIVATION (Psychology), QUESTIONNAIRES, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL sampling, SMOKING, SMOKING cessation, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

The article discusses a survey on smokers that assessed if the relationship between beliefs and smoking behaviors was in consistent with Cognitive Dissonance Theory. It included adult smokers from Canada, U.S., Great Britain and Australia. The findings revealed that smokers with no intetion of quitting across the three waves, were inclined towards the highest levels of rationalizations for smoking. It suggests studies to determine if the change in beliefs has any effect on intentions to quit.

Published
2013
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5. Effect of Multiple Sclerosis on Daily Activities, Emotional Well-being, and Relationships: The Global vsMS Survey.

Author

Bass, Ann D., Van Wijmeersch, Bart, Mayer, Lori, Mäurer, Mathias, Boster, Aaron, Mandel, Matt, Mitchell, Colin, Sharrock, Kersten, and Singer, Barry

Subjects
PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation, COGNITION disorders, EMOTIONS, EMPLOYMENT, POSTURAL balance, FATIGUE (Physiology), INTERPERSONAL relations, LIFE skills, MEMORY disorders, MULTIPLE sclerosis, QUALITY of life, QUESTIONNAIRES, SELF-perception, SLEEP disorders, TACTILE agnosia, ACTIVITIES of daily living, WELL-being, SENSORY disorders, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Background: The vsMS survey was conducted to better understand the negative effects of fatigue, cognitive impairment, emotional burden, and decreased physical functioning on the personal, professional, and social lives of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: The vsMS survey was an online survey conducted in Australia, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States that assessed the impact of MS on individuals' daily activities, emotional well-being, relationships, and employment. Results: The survey included 1075 participants with relapsing-remitting MS. Almost 42% of participants reported that their ability to perform and manage daily activities had worsened during the previous 2 years. More than 50% reported limitations in daily activities due to fatigue, physical weakness, problems with balance/coordination, heat/cold sensitivity, memory problems, numbness/tingling, trouble concentrating, impaired movement/muscle stiffness, and impaired sleeping. Participants also reported a negative effect on emotional and social factors, including self-esteem, general outlook, well-being, maintaining/ starting relationships, ability to progress in their career/keep their job, and ability to cope with life roles. Conclusions: These data highlight the importance of addressing the impact of MS and the social and emotional disease burdens on daily activities when planning the care of patients with MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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