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Trinty Atlantic Train 109 shimmied through western Pennsylvania, curving north around Broadband Mountain, south around Hitch Mine, following a descending range of unexploded hills toward the Gulch. It moved cautiously, [...]

As a writer and librarian who has worked for many years in the Manuscript Department of the National Library of Ireland, observing the acquisition of literary collections by the National [...]

This paper provides a reflection on the way changes taking place in doctoral education are being perceived and internalized by doctoral students. The Doctoral perceptions are analyzed through Ph.D. candidates' motivations to enroll in the program and to their levels of satisfaction with the supervision experience. Comparisons between national and international students, as well as differences according to doctoral programs' scientific areas, i.e., between students enrolled in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) and in Social Sciences, Languages and Humanities (SSLH) are established. Based on a case study developed in a Portuguese university, conclusions point to the dominance of a romanticized, traditional view of doctoral education, with the academic profession at its core. This view is mostly shared by international students and those from SSLH scientific areas. In turn, national Ph.D. candidates and those from STEM areas have incorporated a more instrumental view of doctoral education, aiming for training participants to professions outside academia.

To appropriately react to the swift development and changes of technologies these days, the need for creative teaching and learning has been increased. Making learners equip digital literacy of intelligent information has become necessary. This paper focused on three promising technologies that artificial intelligence humanities, forensic science, and digital therapeutics from intelligent information technology. We designed educational programs and applied the programs to 596 elementary and secondary school students in Korea. The objective of these programs was to promote the creativity of learners by using numerous techniques in thinking creatively and exploring newly emerging careers in the fields of intelligent information technology. To find out the educational effect, we tested the study's subjects for their satisfaction with education and their creativity. As a result of the study, the scores regarding the satisfaction of students engaged in the programs was high (M=4.18, SD=0.48), and the score on their creativity was also high (M=4.05, SD=0.38). These educational programs also showed high satisfaction and creativity scores regardless of school level. Accordingly, we suggest that the learning contents and concepts of intelligent information technology might be worthy of being applied across elementary and secondary school practices. From the result that the satisfaction, we found that it was necessary to improve quality of the artificial intelligence humanities program. Also, supplementary and advanced related activities are needed toward enhancing learner motivation and satisfaction.

New technologies have had a transforming effect on documentary editing. The Lincoln Legal Papers uses computer technology extensively to organize and maintain control over 100,000 documents from some 5,000 cases associated with Abraham Lincoln's legal career. The project chose to publish the Complete Documentary Edition on CD-ROM because of the increased flexibility of CD-ROM technology over traditional microfilm. CD-ROM publications deliver easily accessible, quality images at an affordable cost. Microfilm excels only as a durable preservation medium, but electronic media are striving to reach archival standards for long-term preservation. The images of documents from Lincoln's legal career are organized around a relational database which contains information about each document and the case to which it pertains. Users of the multi-disc CD-ROM edition will access this information through an interface that permits both simple and complex searches, provides background and reference materials, and offers extensive help for novices. The Lincoln Legal Papers, alone and as part of the Model Editions Partnership, continues to be a pioneer in the use of computer technology for organizing, indexing, and publishing documentary editions. Key words: electronic publishing, documentary editing, Abraham Lincoln, CD-ROM, database, imaging, law, legal history, American history, microfilm, relational database, Internet

Neural Networks have recently been a matter of extensive research and popularity. Their application has increased considerably in areas in which we are presented with a large amount of data and we have to identify an underlying pattern. This paper will look at their application to stylometry. We believe that statistical methods of attributing authorship can be coupled effectively with neural networks to produce a very powerful classification tool. We illustrate this with an example of a famous case of disputed authorship, The Federalist Papers. Our method assigns the disputed papers to Madison, a result which is consistent with previous work on the subject. Key words: neural networks, function words, authorship attribution, The Federalist Papers

Keywords: philosophy of chemistry; epistemology; experiment; classification; reference; prediction; technology; matter; material properties Abstract: The paper shows epistemological, methodological and ontologicalpeculiarities of chemistry taken as a classificatory science of materialsusing experimental methods. Without succumbing to standardinterpretations of physical science, chemical methods of experimentalinvestigation, classification, reference, theorizing, prediction andproduction of new entities are developed one by one as first stepstowards a philosophy of chemistry. Chemistry challenges traditionalconcepts of empirical object, empirical predicate, reference frame andtheory, but also the distinction commonly drawn between naturalscience and technology. Due to its many peculiarities, I propose totreat chemistry philosophically as a special type of science, apart fromother sciences. Article History: Registration Date: 08/09/2004

Lindy Chamberlain is the victim of Australia's most notorious miscarriage of justice; in 1982 she was wrongly convicted of the murder of her baby daughter, Azaria. In the decades following her exoneration, Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton, as she is now known, came to an arrangement with the National Library of Australia to care for the papers she had accumulated as a result of her daughter's death and the legal processes that followed. This article examines the 'Chamberlain Papers' through the lens of materiality and scholarship associated with the 'archival turn' in the humanities, social sciences and information sciences. This approach affords an understanding of documents as objects, artefacts and technologies. Working materially with documents provides new opportunities for legal scholars to understand files, papers, recordkeeping and bureaucracy, and gives legal significance to papers created outside the law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Howard-Hill, T. H. and Philip Rowlinson, eds. Renaissance Papers 1998. (Southeastern Renaissance Conference.) Columbia, SC: Camden House, 1999. 163 pp. $45. ISBN: 1-57113-137-X. This volume is comprised a 'selection of [...]

Digital heritage portal interfaces are generally similar to digital library and search engine interfaces in displaying search results as a list of brief metadata records. The knowledge organization and search result display of these systems are item-centric, with little support for identifying relationships between items. This paper proposes a knowledge graph system and visualization interface as a promising solution for digital heritage systems to support users in browsing related items, understanding the relationships between items, and synthesizing a narrative on an issue. The paper discusses design issues for the knowledge graph, graph database, and graph visualization, and offers recommendations based on the authors' experience in developing three knowledge graph systems for archive and digital humanities resources: the Zubir Said personal archive collection at the Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts, Singapore; Singapore Pioneers social network; and Polyglot Medicine knowledge graph of Asian traditional and herbal medicine. Lessons learned from a small user study are incorporated in the discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alexander Nehamas holds that highbrow literature is not morally superior to philosophy because it is too specific and unapproachable. However, middlebrow literature serves a practical moral purpose by making it difficult to maintain prejudices. Highbrow literature concerns duties to the self while middlebrow literature concerns duties to others but both serve a purpose and neither should be condemned without recognition of its place in society.

This paper analyzes the emergence of the paper as a kind of writing in the area of the Humanities that, in recent times, and with institutional support, has been imposed as the nearly unique and acceptable kind of academic discourse. The aim of this paper is, first, to study the main characteristics of this kind of writing, based on information in the manuals and instructions for paper writing and, secondly, to signal its implications for the intellectual work in general and for the work in Latin America in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an attempt to survive in the highly competitive terrain of academic publications, Portuguese humanities and social science professors are increasingly giving up writing their papers in Portuguese, and, instead, they now opt to write in English, today's scientific default language. This paper aims to portray the current panorama of humanities and social sciences publications in Portugal, and focuses on the language choices and the process of academic writing of a group of Portuguese professors in the fields of humanities and social sciences with the aim of illustrating their language preferences, as well as the aspects they take into consideration while writing either in Portuguese or in English. Results of this study indicate that Portuguese humanities and social sciences professors prefer to write in Portuguese, their own language, but for reasons associated with the need to achieve scientific visibility they use the English language when they submit their manuscripts for publication. Results further illustrate participants' major concerns while composing and revising their papers in Portuguese as well as in English.

This article aims to reveal the factors that affecting the impact of international collaboration papers in the field of social sciences and humanities. Based on resource-based theory and transaction cost theory, we analyzed the articles from a sample of 13,331 listed research papers come from the 42 world class universities in China using descriptive statistics, ordinary least square (OLS) regression, and came to the following conclusions: First, it is the quality rather than the quantity of international collaborator that affect the academic influence of the research outputs. Second, researchers from different backgrounds are conducive to improve the impact of research papers and the collaboration leading by Chinese university perform better. Yet, too much collaborators coming from different institutions would have an adverse impact, which may due to the increase cost of cooperation. Finally, collaborating researchers from developed countries or top universities will significantly improve the research performance because of the abundant resources behind them. Findings from this research suggest that setting up international collaboration should pay more attention to the level of the collaborator and consider the cost behind the whole process.

Current scientometric indexes do not encourage the linguistic diversity of sources cited in academic texts and researchers are not motivated to cite texts written in smaller languages. This diminishes the cultural diversity of the sources cited and limits the representation of small and indigenous cultures. This text proposes a scientometric measure designed to encourage the linguistic diversity of sources cited in articles, books, and papers. The Linguistic Diversity Index is based on two stipulations: (a) the more linguistically diverse the sources, the higher the score, and (b) the rarer the languages cited, the higher the score. If such a metric were used for the evaluation of social science and humanities journals, it would encourage the publication of papers that cite ideas from rarely represented cultural groups such as indigenous nations, ethnic groups from small countries, and other linguistic groups that have been omitted from mainstream scientific discourse. This might help to produce new research, which would help to improve the situation for these groups and create an epistemology that is more just to small cultural groups.

Michael Hunter, ed. The Boyle Papers: Understanding the Manuscripts of Robert Boyle. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2007. xiv + 674 pp. + 16 b/w pls. index. append. illus. tbls. $139.95. [...]

This paper explores the potential for using practice-based assessments in higher education in preparing humanities and social sciences specialists. The authors tested a set of innovative methodologies for practice-based summative assessment of the progress made in learning certain disciplines by students majoring in Law, International Law, and History and Archaeology at Sumy State University (Ukraine). To assess the effectiveness of practice-based assessments, the authors employed anonymous surveying, tested students' level of mastery of key theoretical concepts, and carried out a comparative analysis of the performance of students who took part in practice-based assessments and those who took exams in a traditional way. The conducted pedagogical experiment indicates the advisability of employing practice-based assessments as part of teaching humanities and social sciences disciplines. It revealed a significant increase in the level of preparation of students on subjects summative assessment around which was based on practical assignments. Having students train their practical skills can help them assimilate theoretical knowledge better and for a longer time and become more confident in their preparedness for their future profession. Practice-based assessments can also serve as a yardstick for gauging the effectiveness of instructors' teaching methods and stimulate the quest for new ways of teaching and learning that can help meet the needs of the labor market and the interests of students pursuing a higher education as much as possible.

The digital humanities (DH) remain a growing area of interest among researchers and a locus of new positions within libraries, especially academic libraries, as well as archives, museums, and cultural heritage organizations. In response to this demand, many programs that train information professionals have developed specific curricula around DH. This paper analyzes courses offered within two overlapping contexts: American Library Association (ALA) accredited programs and iSchools. In addition to documenting the scope and extent of DH courses in these settings, we also analyze their contents, relating our findings to previous research, including analysis of job ads and interviews with professionals.

W. Speed Hill, ed. New Ways of Looking at Old Texts, III: Papers of the Renaissance English Text Society, 1997-2001. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 270. Tempe: Arizona Center [...]