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3. Relationship of dose of background angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor to the benefits of candesartan in the Candesartan in heart failure: assessment of reduction in mortality and morbidity (CHARM)--added trial

Author

McMurray, John J.V., Young, James B., Dunlap, Mark E., Granger, Christopher B., Hainer, James, Michelson, Eric L., Earle, Steven, Olofsson, Bertil, Ostergren, Jan, Yusuf, Salim, Swedberg, Karl, and Pfeffer, Marc A.

Subjects
Angiotensin converting enzyme -- Research, Angiotensin converting enzyme -- Physiological aspects, Heart failure -- Research, Heart failure -- Care and treatment, Mortality -- Evaluation, Candesartan -- Research, Candesartan -- Physiological aspects, Health
Published
2006

4. Impact of candesartan on nonfatal myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death in patients with heart failure

Author

Demers, Catherine, McMurray, John J.V., Swedberg, Karl, Pfeffer, Marc A., Granger, Christopher B., Olofsson, Bertil, McKelvie, Robert S., Ostergren, Jan, Michelson, Eric L., Johansson, Peter A., Duolao Wang, and Yusuf, Salim

Subjects
Candesartan -- Dosage and administration, Candesartan -- Complications and side effects, Heart attack -- Drug therapy, Cardiac patients -- Medical examination
Abstract

A program is carried out with heart patients to study the effect of the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan on myocardial infarction (MI) and other coronary disorders. Findings prove that the danger of the combined outcome of cardiovascular death or nonfatal MI markedly decreases with candesartan.

Published
2005

5. Role of blood pressure and other variables in the differential cardiovascular event rates noted in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA)

Author

Poulter, Neil R., Wedel, Hans, Dahlof, Bjorn, Sever, Peter S., Beevers, D. Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T., Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, and Pocock, Stuart

Subjects
Hypertension -- Drug therapy, Hypertension -- Complications and side effects, Cardiovascular diseases -- Drug therapy, Cardiovascular diseases -- Patient outcomes, Antihypertensive drugs -- Evaluation
Published
2005

6. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD: The Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).

Author

Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J., Anker, Stefan D., Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J., Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Erol, Çetin, Fagard, Robert, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ales, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Piepoli, Massimo F., Ponikowski, Piotr, Sirnes, Per Anton, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Tendera, Michal, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, De Backer, Guy, Sirnes, Per Anton, Ezquerra, Eduardo Alegria, Avogaro, Angelo, Badimon, Lina, Baranova, Elena, Baumgartner, Helmut, Betteridge, John, Ceriello, Antonio, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Gulba, Dietrich C., Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kjekshus, John K., Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lev, Eli, Mueller, Christian, Neyses, Ludwig, Nilsson, Peter M., Perk, Joep, Ponikowski, Piotr, Reiner, Željko, Sattar, Naveed, Schächinger, Volker, Scheen, André, Schirmer, Henrik, Strömberg, Anna, Sudzhaeva, Svetlana, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Viigimaa, Margus, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, and Xuereb, Robert G.

Published
2013
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7. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Author

Mancia, Giuseppe, Fagard, Robert, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Redon, Josep, Zanchetti, Alberto, Böhm, Michael, Christiaens, Thierry, Cifkova, Renata, De Backer, Guy, Dominiczak, Anna, Galderisi, Maurizio, Grobbee, Diederick E., Jaarsma, Tiny, Kirchhof, Paulus, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., Laurent, Stéphane, Manolis, Athanasios J., Nilsson, Peter M., Ruilope, Luis Miguel, Schmieder, Roland E., Sirnes, Per Anton, Sleight, Peter, Viigimaa, Margus, Waeber, Bernard, Zannad, Faiez, Redon, Josep, Dominiczak, Anna, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Nilsson, Peter M., Burnier, Michel, Viigimaa, Margus, Ambrosioni, Ettore, Caufield, Mark, Coca, Antonio, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Schmieder, Roland E., Tsioufis, Costas, van de Borne, Philippe, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J., Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Erol, Cetin, Fagard, Robert, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ales, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Piepoli, Massimo F., Ponikowski, Piotr, Sirnes, Per Anton, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Tendera, Michal, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, Clement, Denis L., Coca, Antonio, Gillebert, Thierry C., Tendera, Michal, Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, Ambrosioni, Ettore, Anker, Stefan D., Bauersachs, Johann, Hitij, Jana Brguljan, Caulfield, Mark, De Buyzere, Marc, De Geest, Sabina, Derumeaux, Geneviève Anne, Erdine, Serap, Farsang, Csaba, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Gerc, Vjekoslav, Germano, Giuseppe, Gielen, Stephan, Haller, Herman, Hoes, Arno W., Jordan, Jens, Kahan, Thomas, Komajda, Michel, Lovic, Dragan, Mahrholdt, Heiko, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Ostergren, Jan, Parati, Gianfranco, Perk, Joep, Polonia, Jorge, Popescu, Bogdan A., Reiner, Željko, Rydén, Lars, Sirenko, Yuriy, Stanton, Alice, Struijker-Boudier, Harry, Tsioufis, Costas, van de Borne, Philippe, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, Volpe, Massimo, and Wood, David A.

Published
2013
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8. ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases: Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteriesThe Task Force on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Author

Tendera, Michal, Aboyans, Victor, Bartelink, Marie-Louise, Baumgartner, Iris, Clément, Denis, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Cremonesi, Alberto, De Carlo, Marco, Erbel, Raimund, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Heras, Magda, Kownator, Serge, Minar, Erich, Ostergren, Jan, Poldermans, Don, Riambau, Vincent, Roffi, Marco, Röther, Joachim, Sievert, Horst, van Sambeek, Marc, Zeller, Thomas, Bax, Jeroen, Auricchio, Angelo, Baumgartner, Helmut, Ceconi, Claudio, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, McDonagh, Theresa, Moulin, Cyril, Poldermans, Don, Popescu, Bogdan, Reiner, Zeljko, Sechtem, Udo, Sirnes, Per Anton, Torbicki, Adam, Vahanian, Alec, Windecker, Stephan, Kolh, Philippe, Torbicki, Adam, Agewall, Stefan, Blinc, Ales, Bulvas, Miroslav, Cosentino, Francesco, De Backer, Tine, Gottsäter, Anders, Gulba, Dietrich, Guzik, Tomasz J., Jönsson, Björn, Késmárky, Gábor, Kitsiou, Anastasia, Kuczmik, Waclaw, Larsen, Mogens Lytken, Madaric, Juraj, Mas, Jean-Louis, McMurray, John J. V., Micari, Antonio, Mosseri, Moris, Müller, Christian, Naylor, Ross, Norrving, Bo, Oto, Oztekin, Pasierski, Tomasz, Plouin, Pierre-Francois, Ribichini, Flavio, Ricco, Jean-Baptiste, Ruilope, Luis, Schmid, Jean-Paul, Schwehr, Udo, Sol, Berna G. M., Sprynger, Muriel, Tiefenbacher, Christiane, Tsioufis, Costas, and Van Damme, Hendrik

Published
2011
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10. Predictors of development of diabetes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Candesartan in heart failure assessment of reduction in mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program

Author

Preiss, David, Zetterstrand, Sofia, McMurray, John J.V., Ostergren, Jan, Michelson, Eric L., Granger, Christopher B., Yusuf, Salim, Swedberg, Karl, Pfeffer, Marc A., Gerstein, Hertzel C., and Sattar, Naveed

Subjects
Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Candesartan, Mortality, Diabetes -- Development and progression -- Patient outcomes, Antilipemic agents, Cardiac patients -- Patient outcomes -- Diseases, Morbidity -- Development and progression -- Patient outcomes, Heart failure -- Development and progression -- Patient outcomes, Health, Diseases, Development and progression, Patient outcomes
Abstract

OBJECTIVE--The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of incident diabetes during follow-up of nondiabetic patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in the Candesartan in Heart Failure Assessment of [...]

Published
2009

12. Use of ramipril in preventing stroke: double blind randomised trial. (Papers)

Author

Bosch, Jackie, Yusuf, Salim, Pogue, Janice, Sleight, Peter, Lonn, Eva, Rangoonwala, Badrudin, Davies, Richard, Ostergren, Jan, and Probstfield, Jeff

Subjects
Stroke (Disease) -- Prevention, Ramipril -- Evaluation, ACE inhibitors -- Evaluation, Health, Prevention, Evaluation
Abstract

Abstract Objective To determine the effect of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril on the secondary prevention of stroke. Design Randomised controlled trial with 2 x 2 factorial design. Setting [...]

Published
2002

13. ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases

Author

Tendera, Michal, Aboyans, Victor, Bartelink, Marie-Louise, Baumgartner, Iris, Clément, Denis, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Cremonesi, Alberto, De Carlo, Marco, Erbel, Raimund, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Heras, Magda, Kownator, Serge, Minar, Erich, Ostergren, Jan, Poldermans, Don, Riambau, Vincent, Roffi, Marco, Röther, Joachim, Sievert, Horst, van Sambeek, Marc, and Zeller, Thomas

Published
2012
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19. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. (Articles)

Author

Sever, Peter S, Dahlof, Bjorn, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, and Ostergren, Jan

Subjects
Cholesterol -- Measurement, Coronary heart disease -- Prevention, Hypertension -- Health aspects, Cookery for hypertensives
Published
2003

20. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD - Summary The Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

Author

Ryden, Lars, Grant, Peter J., Anker, Stefan D., Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, and Zamorano, Jose Luis

Subjects
cardiovascular disease, coronary interventions, diabetes mellitus, diagnostics, epidemiology, Guidelines, impaired glucose tolerance, patient management, pharmacological treatment, prevention, prognosis, risk factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Angiopathies, Humans, Prediabetic State, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Medicine (all), Diabetes and Metabolism, Endocrinology
Published
2014

21. ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases : Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries

Author

Tendera, Michal, Aboyans, Victor, Bartelink, Marie-Louise, Baumgartner, Iris, Clment, Denis, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Cremonesi, Alberto, De Carlo, Marco, Erbel, Raimund, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Heras, Magda, Kownator, Serge, Minar, Erich, Ostergren, Jan, Poldermans, Don, Riambau, Vincent, Roffi, Marco, Rther, Joachim, Sievert, Horst, Van Sambeek, Marc, Zeller, Thomas, Bax, Jeroen, Auricchio, Angelo, Baumgartner, Helmut, Ceconi, Claudio, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, McDonagh, Theresa, Moulin, Cyril, Popescu, Bogdan, Reiner, Zeljko, Sechtem, Udo, Sirnes, Per Anton, Torbicki, Adam, Vahanian, Alec, Windecker, Stephan, Agewall, Stefan, Blinc, Ales, Bulvas, Miroslav, Cosentino, Francesco, De Backer, Tine, Gottster, Anders, Gulba, Dietrich, Guzik, Tomasz J., Jnsson, Bjrn, Ksmrky, Gbor, Kitsiou, Anastasia, Kuczmik, Waclaw, Larsen, Mogens Lytken, Madaric, Juraj, Mas, Jean-Louis, McMurray, John J. V., Micari, Antonio, Mosseri, Moris, Mller, Christian, Naylor, Ross, Norrving, Bo, Oto, Oztekin, Pasierski, Tomasz, Plouin, Pierre-Francois, Ribichini, Flavio, Ricco, Jean-Baptiste, Ruilope, Luis, Schmid, Jean-Paul, Schwehr, Udo, Sol, Berna G. M., Sprynger, Muriel, Tiefenbacher, Christiane, Tsioufis, Costas, and Van Damme, Hendrik

Subjects
Medizin
Published
2011

22. ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases

Author

Tendera, Michal, Aboyans, Victor, Bartelink, Marie-Louise, Baumgartner, Iris, Clement, Denis, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Cremonesi, Alberto, De Carlo, Marco, Erbel, Raimund, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Heras, Magda, Kownator, Serge, Minar, Erich, Ostergren, Jan, Poldermans, Don, Riambau, Vincent, Roffi, Marco, Rother, Joachim, Sievert, Horst, van Sambeek, Marc, Zeller, Thomas, Bax, Jeroen J., Auricchio, Angelo, Baumgartner, Helmut, Ceconi, Claudio, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Knuuti, Juhani, McDonagh, Theresa, Moulin, Cyril, Popescu, Bogdan A., Reiner, Zeljko, Sechtem, Udo, Sirnes, Per Anton, Vahanian, Alec, Windecker, Stephan, Kolh, Philippe, Torbicki, Adam, Agewall, Stefan, Blinc, Ales, Bulvas, Miroslav, Cosentino, Francesco, De Backer, Tine, Gottsater, Anders, Gulba, Dietrich, Guzik, Tomasz J., Jonsson, Bjorn, Kesmarky, Gabor, Kitsiou, Anastasia, Kuczmik, Waclaw, Larsen, Mogens Lytken, Madaric, Juraj, Mas, Jean-Louis, McMurray, John J. V., Micari, Antonio, Mosseri, Moris, Muller, Christian, Naylor, Ross, Norrving, Bo, Oto, Oztekin, Pasierski, Tomasz, Plouin, Pierre-Francois, Ribichini, Flavio, Ricco, Jean-Baptiste, Ruilope, Luis, Schmid, Jean-Paul, Schwehr, Udo, Sol, Berna G. M., Sprynger, Muriel, Tiefenbacher, Christiane, Tsioufis, Costas, and Van Damme, Hendrik

Subjects
Adult, Diagnostic Imaging, Male, Upper extremity artery disease, Multisite artery disease, Risk Assessment, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Renal artery disease, Risk Factors, 80 and over, Humans, Mesenteric artery disease, Vertebral artery disease, Medical History Taking, Physical Examination, Aged, Carotid artery disease, Peripheral artery disease, Endovascular Procedures, Cardiovascular Agents, Middle Aged, Lower extremity artery disease, Prognosis, Exercise Therapy, Reperfusion, Female, Aged, 80 and over, Vascular Surgical Procedures
Published
2011

23. ESC guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD - summary.

Author

Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J, Anker, Stefan D, Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J, Anker, Stefan D, Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, and Zamorano, Jose Luis

Published
2014
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24. ESC guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD - summary.

Author

Neyses, Ludwig [collaborator], Ryden, Lars, Grant, Peter J., Anker, Stefan D., Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Neyses, Ludwig [collaborator], Ryden, Lars, Grant, Peter J., Anker, Stefan D., Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, and Zamorano, Jose Luis

Published
2014
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25. ESC GUIDELINES ON DIABETES, PRE-DIABETES, AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES DEVELOPED IN COLLABORATION WITH THE EASD

Author

Rydén, Lars, primary, J. Grant, Peter, additional, D. Anker, Stefan, additional, Berne, Christian, additional, Cosentino, Francesco, additional, Danchin, Nicolas, additional, Deaton, Christi, additional, Escaned, Javier, additional, Hammes, Hans-Peter, additional, Huikuri, Heikki, additional, Marre, Michel, additional, Marx, Nikolaus, additional, Mellbin, Linda, additional, Ostergren, Jan, additional, Patrono, Carlo, additional, Seferovic, Petar, additional, Sousa Uva, Miguel, additional, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, additional, Tendera, Michal, additional, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, additional, Valensi, Paul, additional, and Luis Zamorano, Jose, additional

Published
2014
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26. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD

Author

Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J, Anker, Stefan D, Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J, Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Erol, Cetin, Fagard, Robert, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W, Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ales, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Piepoli, Massimo F, Ponikowski, Piotr, Sirnes, Per Anton, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, De Backer, Guy, Ezquerra, Eduardo Alegria, Avogaro, Angelo, Badimon, Lina, Baranova, Elena, Betteridge, John, Ceriello, Antonio, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Gulba, Dietrich C, Kjekshus, John K, Lev, Eli, Mueller, Christian, Neyses, Ludwig, Nilsson, Peter M, Perk, Joep, Reiner, Zeljko, Sattar, Naveed, Schächinger, Volker, Scheen, André, Schirmer, Henrik, Strömberg, Anna, Sudzhaeva, Svetlana, Viigimaa, Margus, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, Xuereb, Robert G, Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J, Anker, Stefan D, Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J, Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Erol, Cetin, Fagard, Robert, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W, Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ales, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Piepoli, Massimo F, Ponikowski, Piotr, Sirnes, Per Anton, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, De Backer, Guy, Ezquerra, Eduardo Alegria, Avogaro, Angelo, Badimon, Lina, Baranova, Elena, Betteridge, John, Ceriello, Antonio, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Gulba, Dietrich C, Kjekshus, John K, Lev, Eli, Mueller, Christian, Neyses, Ludwig, Nilsson, Peter M, Perk, Joep, Reiner, Zeljko, Sattar, Naveed, Schächinger, Volker, Scheen, André, Schirmer, Henrik, Strömberg, Anna, Sudzhaeva, Svetlana, Viigimaa, Margus, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, and Xuereb, Robert G

Abstract

This is the second iteration of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) joining forces to write guidelines on the management of diabetes mellitus (DM), pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), designed to assist clinicians and other healthcare workers to make evidence-based management decisions. The growing awareness of the strong biological relationship between DM and CVD rightly prompted these two large organizations to collaborate to generate guidelines relevant to their joint interests, the first of which were published in 2007. Some assert that too many guidelines are being produced but, in this burgeoning field, five years in the development of both basic and clinical science is a long time and major trials have reported in this period, making it necessary to update the previous Guidelines.

Published
2013
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27. Where are we with the management of hypertension? From science to clinical practice.

Author

Farsang, Csaba, Naditch-Brule, Lisa, Avogaro, Angelo, Ostergren, Jan, Verdecchia, Paolo, Maggioni, Aldo, Van De Borne, Philippe, Lins, Robert, Roca-Cusachs, Alexandre, Farsang, Csaba, Naditch-Brule, Lisa, Avogaro, Angelo, Ostergren, Jan, Verdecchia, Paolo, Maggioni, Aldo, Van De Borne, Philippe, Lins, Robert, and Roca-Cusachs, Alexandre

Abstract

The management of elevated blood pressure in patients at high cardiovascular risk is still a subject of debate. The authors review current international guidelines and results of large clinical trials and recent meta-analyses to discuss the different approaches in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. The different treatment options are considered in view of the modern approach and of the different classes of drugs (diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, and angiotensin II receptor blockers) currently in use. A case report is presented as an illustration of the difficulties related to the management of high blood pressure in patients at increased risk. The benefits of the use of 2 medications that include an inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and a calcium channel blocker or a diuretic are discussed. Choosing the proper drugs and correct doses are important considerations for the long-term management of hypertension., Case Reports, Journal Article, Review, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2009

28. The Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial lipid lowering arm: extended observations 2 years after trial closure

Author

Sever, Peter S, Poulter, Neil R, Dahlof, Bjorn, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku S, O'Brien, Eoin T, Ostergren, Jan, Sever, Peter S, Poulter, Neil R, Dahlof, Bjorn, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku S, O'Brien, Eoin T, and Ostergren, Jan

Abstract

Aims To determine the cardiovascular benefits in those originally assigned atorvastatin in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-2.2 years after closure of the lipid-lowering arm of the trial (ASCOT-LLA). Methods and results The Blood Pressure Lowering Arm of the ASCOT trial (ASCOT-BPLA) compared two different antihypertensive treatment strategies on cardiovascular outcomes. ASCOT-LLA was a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of atorvastatin in those enrolled into ASCOT-BPLA with total cholesterol concentrations at baseline of <= 6.5 mmol/L. A total of 19 342 hypertensive patients were enrolled in ASCOT-BPLA and 10 305 were further assigned either atorvastatin, 10 mg, or placebo. ASCOT-LLA was stopped prematurely after a median 3.3 years follow-up because of substantial cardiovascular benefits in those assigned atorvastatin. Trial physicians were invited to offer atorvastatin to all ASCOT-LLA patients until the end of ASCOT-BPLA. The primary outcome of ASCOT-LLA was combined fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) or non-fatal myocardial infarction. Secondary outcomes included all coronary events, all cardiovascular events and procedures, fatal and non-fatal stroke, cardiovascular mortality, all cause mortality, development of chronic stable angina, heart failure, and peripheral arterial disease. By the end of ASCOT-LLA, there was a 36% relative risk reduction in primary events (n = 254) in favour of atorvastatin [hazard ratio (HR) 0.64, 95% CI: 0.50-0.83, P = 0.0005]. At the end of ASCOT-BPLA, 2.2 years later, despite extensive crossovers from and to statin usage, the relative risk reduction in primary events (n = 412) among those originally assigned atorvastatin remained at 36% (HR 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.78, P = 0.0001). For almost all other endpoints, risk reductions also remained essentially unchanged and in the case of all cause mortality, the risk reduction of 15% now achieved borderline statistical significance (P = 0.02). Conclusion Carry-over benefits

Published
2008

29. The Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial: blood pressure-lowering limb: effects in patients with type II diabetes

Author

Ostergren, Jan, Poulter, Neil R, Sever, Peter S, Dahlöf, Björn, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, Poulter, Neil R, Sever, Peter S, Dahlöf, Björn, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, and O'Brien, Eoin

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of two antihypertensive treatment strategies for the prevention of coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular events in the large subpopulation (n=5137) with diabetes mellitus in the blood pressure-lowering arm of the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial. METHODS: Patients had either untreated hypertension or treated hypertension. For those with type II diabetes mellitus, inclusion criteria required at least two additional risk factors. Patients were randomized to amlodipine with addition of perindopril as required (amlodipine-based) or atenolol with addition of thiazide as required (atenolol-based). Therapy was titrated to achieve a target blood pressure of less than 130/80 mmHg. RESULTS: The trial was terminated early due to significant benefits on mortality and stroke associated with the amlodipine-based regimen. In patients with diabetes mellitus, the amlodipine-based treatment reduced the incidence of the composite endpoint--total cardiovascular events and procedures--compared with the atenolol-based regimen (hazard ratio 0.86, confidence interval 0.76-0.98, P=0.026). Fatal and nonfatal strokes were reduced by 25% (P=0.017), peripheral arterial disease by 48% (P=0.004) and noncoronary revascularization procedures by 57% (P<0.001). For the other endpoints included in the composite, the endpoint differences were less clear including coronary heart disease deaths and nonfatal myocardial infarctions (the primary endpoint), which were reduced nonsignificantly by 8% (hazard ratio 0.92, confidence interval 0.74-1.15). CONCLUSION: In the large diabetic subgroup in the blood pressure-lowering arm of the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial, the benefits of amlodipine-based treatment, compared with atenolol-based treatment, on the incidence of total cardiovascular events and procedures was significant (14% reduction) and similar to that observed in the total trial population (16% reduction) Udgivelsesdato: 2008/11

Published
2008

30. Potential synergy between lipid-lowering and blood-pressure-lowering in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial

Author

Sever, Peter, Dahlöf, Björn, Poulter, Neil, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminem, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, Sever, Peter, Dahlöf, Björn, Poulter, Neil, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminem, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, and Ostergren, Jan

Abstract

A prespecified objective of the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT) was to assess whether any synergistic effects were apparent between the lipid-lowering and blood-pressure-lowering regimens in preventing cardiovascular events.

Published
2006

31. Reduction in cardiovascular events with atorvastatin in 2,532 patients with type 2 diabetes: Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--lipid-lowering arm (ASCOT-LLA)

Author

Sever, Peter S, Poulter, Neil R, Dahlöf, Björn, Wedel, Hans, Collins, Rory, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, Sever, Peter S, Poulter, Neil R, Dahlöf, Björn, Wedel, Hans, Collins, Rory, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, and Ostergren, Jan

Abstract

This study aims to establish the benefits of lowering cholesterol in diabetic patients with well-controlled hypertension and average/below-average cholesterol concentrations, but without established coronary disease.

Published
2005

32. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Author

Dahlöf, Björn, Sever, Peter S, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, D Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, Dahlöf, Björn, Sever, Peter S, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, D Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, and Ostergren, Jan

Abstract

The apparent shortfall in prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) noted in early hypertension trials has been attributed to disadvantages of the diuretics and beta blockers used. For a given reduction in blood pressure, some suggested that newer agents would confer advantages over diuretics and beta blockers. Our aim, therefore, was to compare the effect on non-fatal myocardial infarction and fatal CHD of combinations of atenolol with a thiazide versus amlodipine with perindopril.

Published
2005

33. Role of blood pressure and other variables in the differential cardiovascular event rates noted in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA)

Author

Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Dahlöf, Björn, Sever, Peter S, Beevers, D Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, Pocock, Stuart, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Dahlöf, Björn, Sever, Peter S, Beevers, D Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, and Pocock, Stuart

Abstract

Results of the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA) show significantly lower rates of coronary and stroke events in individuals allocated an amlodipine-based combination drug regimen than in those allocated an atenolol-based combination drug regimen (HR 0.86 and 0.77, respectively). Our aim was to assess to what extent these differences were due to significant differences in blood pressures and in other variables noted after randomisation.

Published
2005

34. Guía de práctica clíníca de la ESC sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento de las enfermedades arteriales periféricas

Author

Tendera, Michel, primary, Aboyans, Victor, additional, Bartelink, Marie-Louise, additional, Baumgartner, Iris, additional, Clément, Denis, additional, Collet, Jean-Philippe, additional, Cremonesi, Alberto, additional, De Carlo, Marco, additional, Erbel, Raimund, additional, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., additional, Heras, Magda, additional, Kownator, Serge, additional, Minar, Erich, additional, Ostergren, Jan, additional, Poldermans, Don, additional, Riambau, Vincent, additional, Roffi, Marco, additional, Röther, Joachim, additional, Sievert, Horst, additional, van Sambeek, Marc, additional, and Zeller, Thomas, additional

Published
2012
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35. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Author

Sever, Peter S, Dahlöf, Björn, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, Sever, Peter S, Dahlöf, Björn, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, and Ostergren, Jan

Abstract

The lowering of cholesterol concentrations in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease improves outcome. No study, however, has assessed benefits of cholesterol lowering in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in hypertensive patients who are not conventionally deemed dyslipidaemic.

Published
2004

36. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Author

Sever, Peter S, Dahlöf, Björn, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, Sever, Peter S, Dahlöf, Björn, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, and Ostergren, Jan

Abstract

The lowering of cholesterol concentrations in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease improves outcome. No study, however, has assessed benefits of cholesterol lowering in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in hypertensive patients who are not conventionally deemed dyslipidaemic.

Published
2003

39. Patient perception of the effect of treatment with candesartan in heart failure. Results of the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme

Author

O'Meara, Eileen, primary, Lewis, Eldrin, additional, Granger, Chris, additional, Dunlap, Mark E., additional, McKelvie, Robert S., additional, Probstfield, Jeffrey L., additional, Young, James B., additional, Michelson, Eric L., additional, Ostergren, Jan, additional, Carlsson, Jonas, additional, Olofsson, Bertil, additional, McMurray, John, additional, Yusuf, Salim, additional, Swedberg, Karl, additional, and Pfeffer, Marc A., additional

Published
2005
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41. Mortality and Morbidity Reduction With Candesartan in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure and Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction

Author

Young, James B., primary, Dunlap, Mark E., additional, Pfeffer, Marc A., additional, Probstfield, Jeffrey L., additional, Cohen-Solal, Alain, additional, Dietz, Rainer, additional, Granger, Christopher B., additional, Hradec, Jaromir, additional, Kuch, Jerzy, additional, McKelvie, Robert S., additional, McMurray, John J.V., additional, Michelson, Eric L., additional, Olofsson, Bertil, additional, Ostergren, Jan, additional, Held, Peter, additional, Solomon, Scott D., additional, Yusuf, Salim, additional, and Swedberg, Karl, additional

Published
2004
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42. Rationale, design, methods and baseline demography of participants of the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial

Author

Sever, Peter S., primary, Dahlöf, Björn, additional, Poulter, Neil R., additional, Wedel, Hans, additional, Beevers, Gareth, additional, Caulfield, Mark, additional, Collins, Rory, additional, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., additional, McInnes, Gordon T., additional, Mehlsen, Jesper, additional, Nieminen, Markku, additional, O'Brien, Eoin, additional, and Ostergren, Jan, additional

Published
2001
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45. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensinconverting- enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial.

Author

McMurray, John J. V., ostergren, Jan, Swedberg, Karl, Granger, Christopher B., Held, Peter, Michelson, Eric L., Olofsson, Bertil, Yusuf, Salim, and Pfeffer, Marc A.

Subjects
*ACE inhibitors, *CHEMICAL inhibitors, *HEART failure, *HEART diseases, *THERAPEUTICS, *HOSPITALS, *CORONARY disease, *DRUGS, *PATIENTS, *MEDICAL care
Abstract

Background Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers have favourable effects on haemodynamic measurements, neurohumoral activity, and left-ventricular remodelling when added to angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We aimed to find out whether these drugs improve clinical outcome. Methods Between March, 1999, and November, 1999, we enrolled 2548 patients with New York Heart Association functional class II--IV CHF and left-ventricular ejection fraction 40% or lower, and who were being treated with ACE inhibitors. We randomly assigned patients candesartan (n=1276, target dose 32 mg once daily) or placebo (n=1272). At baseline, 55% of patients were also treated with blockers and 17% with spironolactone. The primary outcome of the study was the composite of cardiovascular death or hospital admission for CHF. Analysis was done by intention to treat. Findings The median follow-up was 41 months. 483 (38%) patients in the candesartan group and 538 (42%) in the placebo group experienced the primary outcome (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.85 [95% CI 0.75--0.96], p=0.011; covariate adjusted p=0.010). Candesartan reduced each of the components of the primary outcome significantly, as well as the total number of hospital admissions for CHF. The benefits of candesartan were similar in all predefined subgroups, including patients receiving baseline blocker treatment. Interpretation The addition of candesartan to ACE inhibitor and other treatment leads to a further clinically important reduction in relevant cardiovascular events in patients with CHF and reduced left-ventricular ejection fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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46. Guía de práctica clínica de la ESC sobre diabetes, prediabetes y enfermedad cardiovascular, en colaboración con la European Association for the Study of Diabetes

Author

Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J., Anker, Stefan D., Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Sousa Uva, Miguel, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, Luis Zamorano, José, cardiop, Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento de la, Luis Zamorano, Jose, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J., Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Erol, Çetin, Fagard, Robert, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ales, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Piepoli, Massimo F., Ponikowski, Piotr, Anton Sirnes, Per, Luis Tamargo, Juan, Tendera, Michal, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, cardiop, Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento de la, De Backer, Guy, Anton Sirnes, Per, Alegria Ezquerra, Eduardo, Avogaro, Angelo, Badimon, Lina, Baranova, Elena, Baumgartner, Helmut, Betteridge, John, Ceriello, Antonio, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Gulba, Dietrich C., Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kjekshus, John K., Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lev, Eli, Mueller, Christian, Neyses, Ludwig, Nilsson, Peter M., Perk, Joep, Ponikowski, Piotr, Reiner, Željko, Sattar, Naveed, Schächinger, Volker, Scheen, André, Schirmer, Henrik, Strömberg, Anna, Sudzhaeva, Svetlana, Luis Tamargo, Juan, Viigimaa, Margus, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, Xuereb, Robert G., and cardiop, Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento de la

Published
2014
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47. Effect of intravenous magnesium on heart rate and heart rate variability in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.

Author

Frick, Mats, Ostergren, Jan, Frick, M, Ostergren, J, and Rosenqvist, M

Subjects
*HEART beat, *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of magnesium, *ATRIAL fibrillation, *ATRIOVENTRICULAR node, *CLINICAL trials, *COMPARATIVE studies, *DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology, *INTRAVENOUS therapy, *MAGNESIUM, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *RESEARCH, *EVALUATION research, *RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *BLIND experiment
Abstract

The present double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of intravenous magnesium on heart rate and rate variability in 30 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. During standardized conditions, intraindividual variation in heart rate and rate variability was low in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and magnesium had no effect on heart rate or rate variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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48. Impact of Cigarette Smoking in High-Risk Patients Participating in a Clinical Trial. A Substudy from the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Trial

Author

Dagenais, Gilles R., Yi, Qilong, Lonn, Eva, Sleight, Peter, Ostergren, Jan, and Yusuf, Salim

Abstract

Background In recent large cardiovascular trials done in stable patients, 14-31% of the participants were smokers; the consequences of smoking in these trials using medications known to reduce cardiovascular events, have not been assessed.Design We evaluated the cardiovascular outcomes according to smoking status of men and women participating in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation trial.Methods The occurrence of cardiovascular events was documented among participants who did not change their smoking status during the trial. There were 2728 ‘never smokers’, 5241 ‘former smokers’ and 936 ‘current smokers’, and all had stable cardiovascular disease or diabetes with at least one other risk factor. None had previous congestive heart failure or known left ventricular ejection fraction < 0.40.Results During the 4.5-year follow-up, there were 641 cardiovascular deaths, 978 myocardial infarctions, 358 strokes and 1021 deaths. In comparison to ‘never smokers’, smokers had relative risks adjusted for confounding variables including medications known to reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, for cardiovascular death of 1.65 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28-2.14], for myocardial infarction of 1.26 (95% CI, 1.01-1.58), for stroke of 1.42 (95% CI, 1.00-2.04), and for total mortality of 1.99 (95% CI, 1.63-2.44). The rates of these events among ‘former smokers’ were not different from those of ‘never smokers’.Conclusions Smoking increased the risk of mortality and morbidity among high-risk patients despite the use of medications known to reduce cardiovascular events. Smoking cessation programs should be reinforced even for patients participating in clinical trials.

Published
2005
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