1. Incremental costs of COPD exacerbations in GOLD stage 2+ COPD in ever-smokers of a general population
- Author
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Ane Johannessen, Tomas Mikal Eagan, Amund Gulsvik, Per Bakke, Marta Erdal, and Rune Nielsen
- Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Total cost ,Population ,Exacerbations ,medicine ,education ,Productivity ,health care economics and organizations ,lcsh:RC705-779 ,education.field_of_study ,COPD ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ,General population ,lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Costs ,respiratory tract diseases ,Cost driver ,Emergency medicine ,Incremental costs ,lcsh:RC581-607 ,business - Abstract
Objectives To estimate treatment- and productivity-related costs associated with COPD in two different samples, and to analyse the association between the costs and moderate and severe exacerbations. Methods We performed a baseline visit and four telephone-interviews during a one-year follow-up of 81 COPD cases and 132 controls recruited from a population-based sample, and of 205 hospital-recruited COPD patients. COPD was defined by post-bronchodilator spirometry. Total costs consisted of treatment related costs and costs of productivity losses. Exacerbation-related costs were estimated by multivariate median regression. Results The average annual disease-related costs for a COPD patient from the hospital sample was nearly twice as high as for a COPD case from the population sample (€26,518 vs €15,021), and nearly four times as high as for a control subject (€6740). For both sampling sources, the average annual costs of productivity losses were substantially higher than the treatment related costs (€17,014 vs €9,504, €11,192 vs €3,829, and €4494 vs €2,246, for the hospital COPD patients, the population-based COPD cases, and the controls, respectively). Severe exacerbations were an important cost driver for the treatment related costs in both COPD groups. Moderate exacerbations explained all the costs of productivity losses in the population-based COPD cases, but did not affect the costs of productivity losses in the hospital-recruited COPD patients. Conclusion We found that there were significant incremental costs associated with COPD, and the treatment related costs were significantly affected by exacerbations. The costs of productivity losses substantially exceeded the treatment related costs in both sampling sources.
- Published
- 2020