25 results on '"Velentzis, Louiza S"'
Search Results
2. BreastScreen Australia national data by factors of interest for risk?based screening: routinely reported data and opportunities for enhancement
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Carle, Chelsea, Velentzis, Louiza S., and Nickson, Carolyn
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Cancer -- Diagnosis ,Breast cancer -- Diagnosis -- Risk factors ,Health - Abstract
: Objective: There is growing interest in more risk?based approaches to breast cancer screening in Australia. This would require more detailed reporting of BreastScreen data for factors of interest in the assessment and monitoring of risk?based screening. This review assesses the current and potential availability and reporting of BreastScreen data for this purpose. Methods: We systematically searched governmental BreastScreen reports and peer?reviewed literature to assess current and potential availability of outcomes for predetermined factors including breast cancer risk factors and factors important for implementing, monitoring or evaluating risk?based screening. Outcomes evaluated were BreastScreen Performance Indicators routinely included in BreastScreen Australia monitoring reports, and key tumour characteristics. Results: All outcomes were reported annually by age group, except for tumour hormone receptor status, nodal involvement and grade. Screening participation was reported nationally for many factors important for risk?based screening; other reporting was ad hoc or unavailable. Conclusions: There is potential to build on BreastScreen's existing high?quality national data collection and reporting systems to inform and support risk?based breast screening. Implications for public health: Enhanced BreastScreen data collection and reporting would improve the evidence base and support evaluation of risk?based screening and improve the detail available for benchmarking any future changes to the program., BreastScreen Australia is Australia's national government?funded population breast cancer screening program, provided by state and territory jurisdictional BreastScreen services. It offers biennial mammographic screening targeted to women aged 50?74 years [...]
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- 2022
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3. The preventable burden of endometrial and ovarian cancers in Australia: A pooled cohort study
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Laaksonen, Maarit A., Arriaga, Maria E., Canfell, Karen, MacInnis, Robert J., Byles, Julie E., Banks, Emily, Shaw, Jonathan E., Mitchell, Paul, Giles, Graham G., Magliano, Dianna J., Gill, Tiffany K., Klaes, Elizabeth, Velentzis, Louiza S., Hirani, Vasant, Cumming, Robert G., and Vajdic, Claire M.
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- 2019
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4. Pathways to a cancer-free future: A protocol for modelled evaluations to maximize the future impact of interventions on cervical cancer in Australia
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Smith, Megan A., Simms, Kate T., Lew, Jie-Bin, Hall, Michaela, Hughes, Suzanne, Yuill, Susan, Killen, James, Keane, Adam, Butler, Katherine, Darlington-Brown, Jessica, Hui, Harriet, Brotherton, Julia M.L., Skinner, Rachel, Brand, Alison, Roeske, Lara, Heley, Stella, Carter, Jonathan, Bateson, Deborah, Frazer, Ian, Garland, Suzanne M., Guy, Rebecca, Hammond, Ian, Grogan, Paul, Arbyn, Marc, Castle, Philip E., Saville, Marion, Armstrong, Bruce K., and Canfell, Karen
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- 2019
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5. Hormonal contraceptive use and smoking as risk factors for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in unvaccinated women aged 30–44 years: A case-control study in New South Wales, Australia
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Xu, Huilan, Egger, Sam, Velentzis, Louiza S., O’Connell, Dianne L., Banks, Emily, Darlington-Brown, Jessica, Canfell, Karen, and Sitas, Freddy
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- 2018
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6. A modelled analysis of the impact of COVID-19-related disruptions to HPV vaccination.
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Smith, Megan A., Killen, James, Brotherton, Julia M. L., Guy, Rebecca, and Canfell, Karen
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HUMAN papillomavirus vaccines , *NATURAL history , *ANAL cancer , *MEDICAL screening , *VACCINATION status - Abstract
COVID-19 disrupted school attendance in many countries, delaying routine adolescent vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) in some settings. We used Policy1-Cervix, a dynamic model simulating HPV transmission, natural history, vaccination, cervical screening, and diagnosis of HPV-related cancers, to estimate the impact on HPV-related cancers from disruptions to HPV vaccination in a high-income setting. A baseline scenario of no disruption to HPV vaccination was modelled, which assumed uptake of the nonavalent vaccine at the age of 12 by 82.4% of females and 75.5% of males, as is the coverage in Australia. Additional lifetime HPV-related cancer cases were calculated for three disruption scenarios affecting one birth cohort (2008; aged 12 in 2020) compared to the baseline scenario: (1) 1-year delay (no doses missed); (2) 1- to 7-year delay (slow catch-up); (3) no catch-up (herd effects only). A fourth scenario assumed no catch-up HPV vaccination for two birth cohorts, that is all individuals born in 2008 and in 2009 missed vaccination (worst-case scenario). Compared to 1532 HPV-related cancer cases estimated for the baseline no disruption scenario, we found a 1-year delay could result in =0.3% more HPV-related cancers (n = 4) but the increase would be greater if catch-up was slower (5%; n = 70), and especially if there was no catch-up (49%; n = 750). Additional cancers for a single missed cohort were most commonly cervical (23% of the additional cases) and anal cancers (16%) in females and oropharyngeal cancers in males (20%). In the worst-case scenario of two birth cohorts missing vaccination, =62% more HPV-related cancers would be diagnosed (n = 1892). In conclusion, providing catch-up of missed HPV vaccines is conducted, short-term delays in vaccinating adolescents are unlikely to have substantial long-term effects on cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Prospective validation of the NCI Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (Gail Model) on 40,000 Australian women
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Nickson, Carolyn, Procopio, Pietro, Velentzis, Louiza S., Carr, Sarah, Devereux, Lisa, Mann, Gregory Bruce, James, Paul, Lee, Grant, Wellard, Cameron, and Campbell, Ian
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- 2018
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8. Factors related to vaccine uptake by young adult women in the catch-up phase of the National HPV Vaccination Program in Australia: Results from an observational study
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Canfell, Karen, Egger, Sam, Velentzis, Louiza S., Brown, Jessica Darlington, O’Connell, Dianne L., Banks, Emily, and Sitas, Freddy
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- 2015
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9. How will transitioning from cytology to HPV testing change the balance between the benefits and harms of cervical cancer screening? Estimates of the impact on cervical cancer, treatment rates and adverse obstetric outcomes in Australia, a high vaccination coverage country
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Caruana, Michael, Simms, Kate T., Lew, Jie‐Bin, Shi, Ju‐Fang, Saville, Marion, Smith, Megan A., Lord, Sarah J., Tan, Jeffrey, Bateson, Deborah, Quinn, Michael, and Canfell, Karen
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- 2017
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10. Female reproductive and hormonal factors and lung cancer mortality among never‐smokers: A prospective cohort study of 287 408 Chinese women.
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Cheng, Elvin S., Velentzis, Louiza S., Weber, Marianne, Steinberg, Julia, Canfell, Karen, and Yu, Xue Qin
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LUNG cancer ,CHINESE people ,CANCER-related mortality ,COHORT analysis ,POSTMENOPAUSE - Abstract
There is growing, but inconsistent evidence suggesting oestrogen may play a key role in lung cancer development, especially among never‐smoking women for whom lung cancer risk factors remain largely elusive. Using the China Kadoorie Biobank, a large‐scale prospective cohort with 302 510 women aged 30 to 79 years recruited from 10 regions in China during 2004 to 2008, we assessed the risk of lung cancer death among self‐reported never‐smoking women who were cancer‐free at baseline, in relation to age at menarche, age at menopause, time since menopause, prior use of oral contraceptives (OCP), number of livebirths, breastfeeding and age at first livebirth. Women were followed up to December 31, 2016 with linkage to mortality data. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox regression, adjusting for key confounders including several socio‐demographic, environmental and lifestyle factors. Among 287 408 never‐smoking women, 814 died from lung cancer with a median follow‐up of 10.3 years. Women who had used OCP within 15 years prior to baseline had a significantly higher hazard of lung cancer death compared with never‐users: HR = 1.85 (95% CI: 1.14‐3.00) and risk increased by 6% with each additional year of use: HR = 1.06 (1.01‐1.10). Among parous women, the hazard of lung cancer death increased by 13% with each single livebirth: HR = 1.13 (1.05‐1.23); and among post‐menopausal women, the risk increased by 2% with each year since menopause: HR = 1.02 (1.01‐1.04). These results suggest that reproductive factors which were proxies for lower endogenous oestrogen level, for example, longer duration of OCP use, could play a role in lung cancer development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. A modelled evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 on breast, bowel, and cervical cancer screening programmes in Australia.
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Nickson, Carolyn, Smith, Megan A., Feletto, Eleonora, Velentzis, Louiza S., Broun, Kate, Deij, Sabine, Grogan, Paul, Hall, Michaela, Emily He, St John, D. James, Jie-Bin Lew, Procopio, Pietro, Simms, Kate T., Worthington, Joachim, Mann, G. Bruce, and Canfell, Karen
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- 2023
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12. Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tools for Stratifying Women into Risk Groups: A Systematic Review.
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Freeman, Victoria, Campbell, Denise, Hughes, Suzanne, Luo, Qingwei, Steinberg, Julia, Egger, Sam, Mann, G. Bruce, and Nickson, Carolyn
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MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *WOMEN , *EARLY detection of cancer , *RISK assessment , *AT-risk people , *RESEARCH funding , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *MEDLINE , *PREDICTION models , *BREAST tumors , *LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Simple Summary: Early detection of breast cancer in asymptomatic women through screening is an important strategy in reducing the burden of breast cancer. In current organized breast screening programs, age is the predominant risk factor. Breast cancer risk assessment tools are numerical models that can combine information on various risk factors to estimate the risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer within a certain time period. These tools could be used to offer risk-based screening. This systematic review assessed, using a variety of methods, how accurately breast cancer risk assessment tools can group women eligible for screening within a population, into risk groups, so that each group could potentially be offered a screening protocol with more benefits and less harms compared to current age-based screening. Background: The benefits and harms of breast screening may be better balanced through a risk-stratified approach. We conducted a systematic review assessing the accuracy of questionnaire-based risk assessment tools for this purpose. Methods: Population: asymptomatic women aged ≥40 years; Intervention: questionnaire-based risk assessment tool (incorporating breast density and polygenic risk where available); Comparison: different tool applied to the same population; Primary outcome: breast cancer incidence; Scope: external validation studies identified from databases including Medline and Embase (period 1 January 2008–20 July 2021). We assessed calibration (goodness-of-fit) between expected and observed cancers and compared observed cancer rates by risk group. Risk of bias was assessed with PROBAST. Results: Of 5124 records, 13 were included examining 11 tools across 15 cohorts. The Gail tool was most represented (n = 11), followed by Tyrer-Cuzick (n = 5), BRCAPRO and iCARE-Lit (n = 3). No tool was consistently well-calibrated across multiple studies and breast density or polygenic risk scores did not improve calibration. Most tools identified a risk group with higher rates of observed cancers, but few tools identified lower-risk groups across different settings. All tools demonstrated a high risk of bias. Conclusion: Some risk tools can identify groups of women at higher or lower breast cancer risk, but this is highly dependent on the setting and population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Brennan, Sarah F, Cantwell, Marie M, Cardwell, Chris R, Velentzis, Louiza S, and Woodside, Jayne V
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- 2010
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14. Significant changes in dietary intake and supplement use after breast cancer diagnosis in a UK multicentre study
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Keshtgar, Mohammed R., Woodside, Jayne V., Leathem, Anthony J., Titcomb, Ann, Perkins, Katherine Anne, Mazurowska, Monika, Anderson, Victoria, Wardell, Kayleigh, and Cantwell, Marie M.
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- 2011
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15. Lectin microarray profiling of metastatic breast cancers
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Fry, Simon A, Afrough, Babak, Lomax-Browne, Hannah J, Timms, John F, Velentzis, Louiza S, and Leathem, Anthony JC
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- 2011
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16. The impact of HPV vaccination beyond cancer prevention: effect on pregnancy outcomes.
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Yuill, Susan, Velentzis, Louiza S., Smith, Megan, Egger, Sam, Wrede, C. David, Bateson, Deborah, Arbyn, Marc, and Canfell, Karen
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- 2021
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17. Menopausal hormone therapy: Characterising users in an Australian national cross-sectional study.
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Egger, Sam, Banks, Emily, and Canfell, Karen
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HORMONE therapy , *MEDICAL personnel , *BREAST , *CROSS-sectional method , *BREAST cancer , *THROMBOEMBOLISM - Abstract
Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is effective for menopausal symptoms, however, its use is also associated with risks of serious health conditions including breast, ovarian and endometrial cancer, stroke and venous thromboembolism. MHT-related health risks increase with longer durations of use. In Australia, while overall MHT use fell when risk-related findings were published in 2002, a significant number of women continue using MHT long-term. We aimed to examine socio-demographic, health-related and lifestyle characteristics in relation to post-2002 MHT use, and to compare use for <5 and ≥5 years. Data from 1,561 participants from an Australian, national, cross-sectional survey of women aged 50–69 in 2013 were analysed. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression for characteristics related to overall MHT use post-2002 and multinomial logistic regression for associations between MHT duration of use [never/<5 years/≥5 years] and personal characteristics, adjusting for sociodemographic, reproductive, health and lifestyle factors. Post-2002 MHT use was associated with increasing age (p-trend<0.001), hysterectomy versus no hysterectomy (OR:2.55, 95%CI = 1.85–3.51), bilateral oophorectomy vs no oophorectomy (OR:1.66, 95%CI = 1.09–2.53), and ever- versus never-use of therapies other than MHT for menopausal symptoms (OR:1.93, 95%CI = 1.48–2.57). Women with prior breast cancer (OR:0.35, 95%CI = 0.17–0.74) and with more children (p-trend = 0.034) were less likely than other women to use MHT. Prior hysterectomy was more strongly associated with MHT use for ≥5 years than for <5 years (p = 0.004). Ever-use of non-MHT menopausal therapies was associated with MHT use for <5 years but not with longer-term use (p = 0.004). This study reinforces the need for MHT users and their clinicians to re-evaluate continued MHT use on an ongoing basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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18. Trends in Prescribing Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Bisphosphonates in Australia and Manitoba, Canada and Adherence to Recommendations.
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Salagame, Usha, Kliewer, Erich V., Demers, Alain, Banks, Emily, Velentzis, Louiza S., Goldsbury, David, Egger, Sam, Leslie, William D., and Canfell, Karen
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DIPHOSPHONATES ,DRUG prescribing ,HORMONES ,MEDICAL protocols ,MEDICAL prescriptions ,MENOPAUSE ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,THERAPEUTICS ,WOMEN'S health ,PHYSICIAN practice patterns - Abstract
Background: Recommendations for using menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and bisphosphonates for postmenopausal osteoporosis management have changed over time. After the release of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial results in 2002, new evidence on risks and benefits of MHT became available, and newer guidelines generally specify that MHT should not be prescribed for prevention of chronic disease, including osteoporosis. This raises the question of whether bisphosphonate prescribing changed over time to compensate for the decrease in MHT use. Materials and Methods: We examined trends in dispensed prescriptions in Australia (national) and Canada (province of Manitoba) in relation to prescribing recommendations. Administrative data were used to describe dispensing patterns and changes for persons of all ages from 1996 to 2008, and for women aged 50 to ≥80 years from 2003 to 2008 in Australia and 1996 to 2008 in Canada. Results: In both geographic settings, MHT dispensing increased 1996–2001, peaked in 2001, and declined substantially thereafter (67% reduction in MHT prescriptions for Australia; 64% reduction for Manitoba, Canada to 2008). From 2003 to 2008, the number of MHT prescriptions declined among all age groups in both settings, with the highest declines among women in their 50s. Concurrently, bisphosphonate dispensing increased until 2005 (2001–2005: 260% increase in the number of prescriptions in Australia; 125% increase in Manitoba) and stabilized thereafter, in both settings. Annual bisphosphonate dispensing rates increased 4.1–10.9% for women in their 70s and 80s in Australia and Manitoba during the period studied. Conclusions: Based on dispensed prescriptions data, more recent guidelines for MHT and bisphosphonates use for postmenopausal osteoporosis, which were updated during the study period (and are still consistent with the current guidelines), appear to have been broadly adhered to in both settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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19. The preventable burden of breast cancers for premenopausal and postmenopausal women in Australia: A pooled cohort study.
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Arriaga, Maria E., Vajdic, Claire M., Canfell, Karen, MacInnis, Robert J., Banks, Emily, Byles, Julie E., Magliano, Dianna J., Taylor, Anne W., Mitchell, Paul, Giles, Graham G., Shaw, Jonathan E., Gill, Tiffany K., Klaes, Elizabeth, Velentzis, Louiza S., Cumming, Robert G., Hirani, Vasant, and Laaksonen, Maarit A.
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BREAST cancer ,BEHAVIOR modification ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,COHORT analysis ,ALCOHOL drinking - Abstract
Estimates of the future breast cancer burden preventable through modifications to current behaviours are lacking. We assessed the effect of individual and joint behaviour modifications on breast cancer burden for premenopausal and postmenopausal Australian women, and whether effects differed between population subgroups. We linked pooled data from six Australian cohort studies (n = 214,536) to national cancer and death registries, and estimated the strength of the associations between behaviours causally related to cancer incidence and death using adjusted proportional hazards models. We estimated exposure prevalence from representative health surveys. We combined these estimates to calculate Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and compared PAFs for population subgroups. During the first 10 years follow‐up, there were 640 incident breast cancers for premenopausal women, 2,632 for postmenopausal women, and 8,761 deaths from any cause. Of future breast cancers for premenopausal women, any regular alcohol consumption explains 12.6% (CI = 4.3–20.2%), current use of oral contraceptives for ≥5 years 7.1% (CI = 0.3–13.5%), and these factors combined 18.8% (CI = 9.1–27.4%). Of future breast cancers for postmenopausal women, overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) explains 12.8% (CI = 7.8–17.5%), current use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) 6.9% (CI = 4.8–8.9%), any regular alcohol consumption 6.6% (CI = 1.5–11.4%), and these factors combined 24.2% (CI = 17.6–30.3%). The MHT‐related postmenopausal breast cancer burden varied by body fatness, alcohol consumption and socio‐economic status, the body fatness‐related postmenopausal breast cancer burden by alcohol consumption and educational attainment, and the alcohol‐related postmenopausal breast cancer burden by breast feeding history. Our results provide evidence to support targeted and population‐level cancer control activities. What's new? While several potentially‐modifiable behavioural risk factors have been identified for breast cancer, estimates of the preventable future breast cancer burden are still lacking. Based on a large prospective pooled Australian cohort, here the authors reveal that regular alcohol consumption is the leading modifiable cause of breast cancer burden for premenopausal women (12.6%). Using the latest exposure prevalence information, the authors rank body fatness as the leading cause of preventable breast cancer burden for postmenopausal women (12.8%), with regular alcohol consumption also contributing substantially (6.6%). The findings provide evidence to support targeted and population‐level cancer control activities in Australia and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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20. Menopausal hormone therapy: a systematic review of cost-effectiveness evaluations.
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Salagame, Usha, and Canfell, Karen
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HORMONE therapy for menopause , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *COST effectiveness , *BREAST cancer treatment , *BREAST tumors , *COLON tumors , *CLINICAL trials , *MENOPAUSE , *QUALITY of life , *WOMEN'S health , *QUALITY-adjusted life years , *STATISTICAL models , *ECONOMICS ,RECTUM tumors - Abstract
Background: Several evaluations of the cost-effectiveness (CE) of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) have been reported. The aim of this study was to systematically and critically review economic evaluations of MHT since 2002, after the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial results on MHT were published.Methods: The inclusion criteria for the review were: CE analyses of MHT versus no treatment, published from 2002-2016, in healthy women, which included both symptom relief outcomes and a range of longer term health outcomes (breast cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, fractures and colorectal cancer). Included economic models had outcomes expressed in cost per quality-adjusted life year or cost per life year saved. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews databases and the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry were searched. CE evaluations were assessed in regard to (i) reporting standards using the CHEERS checklist and Drummond checklist; (ii) data sources for the utility of MHT with respect to menopausal symptom relief; (iii) cost derivation; (iv) outcomes considered in the models; and (v) the comprehensiveness of the models with respect to factors related to MHT use that impact long term outcomes, using breast cancer as an example outcome.Results: Five studies satisfying the inclusion criteria were identified which modelled cohorts of women aged 50 and older who used combination or estrogen-only MHT for 5-15 years. For women 50-60 years of age, all evaluations found MHT to be cost-effective and below the willingness-to-pay threshold of the country for which the analysis was conducted. However, 3 analyses based the quality of life (QOL) benefit for symptom relief on one small primary study. Examination of costing methods identified a need for further clarity in the methodology used to aggregate costs from sources. Using breast cancer as an example outcome, risks as measured in the WHI were used in the majority of evaluations. Apart from the type and duration of MHT use, other effect modifiers for breast cancer outcomes (for example body mass index) were not considered.Conclusions: This systematic review identified issues which could impact the outcome of MHT CE analyses and the generalisability of their results. The estimated CE of MHT is driven largely by estimates of QOL improvements associated with symptom relief but data sources on these utility weights are limited. Future analyses should carefully consider data sources and the evidence on the long term risks of MHT use in terms of chronic disease. This review highlights the considerable difficulties in conducting cost-effectiveness analyses in situations where short term benefits of an intervention must be evaluated in the context of long term health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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21. Use of Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Bioidentical Hormone Therapy in Australian Women 50 to 69 Years of Age: Results from a National, Cross-Sectional Study.
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Banks, Emily, Sitas, Freddy, Salagame, Usha, Tan, Eng Hooi, and Canfell, Karen
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HORMONE therapy for menopause , *HEALTH surveys , *ESTROGEN , *TREATMENT of diseases in women , *MEDICAL databases - Abstract
Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) use in Australia fell by 55% from 2001 to 2005, following the release of large-scale findings on its risks and benefits. Comprehensive national data, including information on overall prevalence of MHT use as well as information on duration of use in Australia have not been reported since the 2004–5 National Health Survey, when 11% of women aged 45+ years were estimated to be current MHT users. No national data are available on prevalence of use of “bioidentical” hormone therapy (BHT). The objective of this study was to determine recent prevalence of MHT and BHT use. A cross-sectional, national, age-stratified, population survey was conducted in 2013. Eligible women, aged 50–69 years, resident in Australia were randomly sampled in 5-year age groups from the Medicare enrolment database (Australia’s universal health scheme). The response rate was 22% based on return of completed questionnaires, and analyses were restricted to 4,389 women within the specified age range. The estimated population-weighted prevalence of current use of MHT was 13% (95%CI 12–14), which was broadly similar to the previously reported national figures in 2004–5, suggesting that the use of MHT in Australia has largely stabilised over the past decade. A total of 39% and 20% of current-users with an intact uterus reported use of oestrogen-progestagen MHT and oestrogen-only MHT, respectively, whereas 77% of hysterectomised current-users used oestrogen-only MHT. Almost three-quarters of current-users [population-weighted prevalence 9% (95%CI 8–10)] had used MHT for ≥5 years. In regard to BHT, estimated population-weighted prevalence of ever use was 6% (95%CI 6–7) and 2% (95%CI 2–3) for current use. The population-weighted prevalence of MHT and BHT combined, in current users in their fifties and sixties was 15% (95%CI 14–16). These data provide a recent national “snapshot” of Australian women’s use of both conventional MHT and of BHT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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22. Human papillomavirus 16/18 seroprevalence in unvaccinated women over 30 years with normal cytology and with high grade cervical abnormalities in Australia: results from an observational study.
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Sitas, Freddy, O'Connell, Dianne L., Brown, Jessica Darlington, Egger, Sam, Sinha, Rohit, Banks, Emily, Frazer, Ian H., and Canfell, Karen
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HUMAN papillomavirus vaccines , *PAPILLOMAVIRUS diseases , *SEROPREVALENCE , *WOMEN , *CHLAMYDIA , *DIAGNOSIS , *PATIENTS - Abstract
Background: Australia commenced human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in 2007, with a two-year catch-up to the age of 26; catch-up cohorts are thus now entering their thirties. Plans for monitoring vaccine impact involve pre- and post-vaccination assessment of cervical HPV DNA in the general population and in high grade abnormalities. Although HPV serology is less sensitive than DNA genotyping, it assesses lifetime exposure and may be easier to measure in the general population. However, benchmark pre-vaccination seroprevalence of vaccine-included types in unvaccinated women with high grade abnormalities has not previously been reported. Methods: We assessed seroprevalence for HPV16/18 from a population-based sample of 3,729 women with normal cytology and 971 women with confirmed high grade abnormalities (CIN2/3), aged 30-64 years, unvaccinated, and recruited in New South Wales in 2006-2010. We examined the variation in HPV16/18 seropositivity by age and in relation to a range of reproductive and behavioural characteristics in the subgroup of normal cytology women with no recent history of high grade cervical disease. Results: The HPV 16, 18 and combined seroprevalence was 19%, 7% and 24% among women with normal cytology, and 39%, 13% and 44% among women with CIN2/3, respectively. For both groups, HPV16/18 seroprevalence was highest at age 30-39 years and decreased with age. In multivariable analysis for women with normal cytology, HPV16 and HPV18 seropositivity were each associated with the number of lifetime sexual partners (p-trend <0.001 and 0.052, respectively) and for HPV16 this was also associated with age (p-trend <0.001) and prior diagnosis of Chlamydia (adjusted OR 1.89, 95%C 1.27-2.80). Conclusions: The findings of this study inform pre-vaccination estimates of HPV seropositivity in women with normal cytology and women with high grade abnormalities. Almost a quarter of unvaccinated women aged over 30 years with normal cytology, and more than 40% of those with CIN2/3, had seroconverted to HPV 16 or 18. These findings provide a potential additional benchmark for assessing the effects of HPV vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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23. Do phytoestrogens reduce the risk of breast cancer and breast cancer recurrence? What clinicians need to know
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Velentzis, Louiza S., Woodside, Jayne V., Cantwell, Marie M., Leathem, Anthony J., and Keshtgar, Mohammed R.
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PHYTOESTROGENS , *LIGNANS , *BREAST cancer , *CANCER relapse - Abstract
Abstract: Oestrogen is an important determinant of breast cancer risk. Oestrogen-mimicking plant compounds called phytoestrogens can bind to oestrogen receptors and exert weak oestrogenic effects. Despite this activity, epidemiological studies suggest that the incidence of breast cancer is lower in countries where the intake of phytoestrogens is high, implying that these compounds may reduce breast cancer risk, and possibly have an impact on survival. Isoflavones and lignans are the most common phytoestrogens in the diet. In this article, we present findings from human observational and intervention studies related to both isoflavone and lignan exposure and breast cancer risk and survival. In addition, the clinical implications of these findings are examined in the light of a growing dietary supplement market. An increasing number of breast cancer patients seek to take supplements together with their standard treatment in the hope that these will either prevent recurrence or treat their menopausal symptoms. Observational studies suggest a protective effect of isoflavones on breast cancer risk and the case may be similar for increasing lignan consumption although evidence so far is inconsistent. In contrast, short-term intervention studies suggest a possible stimulatory effect on breast tissue raising concerns of possible adverse effects in breast cancer patients. However, owing to the dearth of human studies investigating effects on breast cancer recurrence and survival the role of phytoestrogens remains unclear. So far, not enough clear evidence exists on which to base guidelines for clinical use, although raising patient awareness of the uncertain effect of phytoestrogens is recommended. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2008
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24. 704The preventable future burden of cancer in Australia.
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Laaksonen, Maarit A, Canfell, Karen, MacInnis, Robert, Arriaga, Maria E, Hull, Peter, Banks, Emily, Giles, Graham G, Mitchell, Paul, Cumming, Robert G, Byles, Julie E, Magliano, Dianna J, Shaw, Jonathan, Gill, Tiffany K, Hirani, Vasant, Marker, Julie, McCullough, Susan, Klaes, Elizabeth, Connah, David, Velentzis, Louiza S, and Vajdic, Claire M
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BREAST ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,COLORECTAL cancer ,CANCER invasiveness ,ALCOHOL drinking ,LUNGS - Abstract
Background Estimates of the future burden of invasive cancer attributable to current modifiable causal exposures can guide cancer prevention. Methods We linked pooled data from seven Australian cohort studies (N = 367,058) to national cancer and death registries, and estimated exposure-cancer and exposure-death associations using adjusted proportional hazards models. We estimated exposure prevalence from contemporary national health surveys and calculated population attributable fractions (PAFs) and 95% confidence intervals, using advanced methods accounting for competing risk of death. Results Current levels of past and current smoking explain 36.1% (95%CI 33.2%-38.9%), body fatness 13.6% (10.9%-16.2%) and alcohol consumption exceeding two drinks/day 2.3% (1.0%-3.6%) of cancers causally related to these exposures, corresponding to 210,000, 81,300 and 14,800 cancers in Australia in the next 10 years, respectively. Ever smoking is the leading modifiable cause of lung (82.1%), bladder (49.8%), oesophageal (42.8%), liver (39.8%), head and neck (35.6%), and pancreatic (21.3%) cancer burden. Body fatness is the leading modifiable cause of corpus uteri (42.5%), gastric cardia (33.6%), renal cell (29.1%), thyroid (20.1%), colorectal (12.6%) and postmenopausal breast (12.6%) cancer burden. The absolute numbers of cancers in the next 10 years attributable to smoking are highest for lung cancer (114,000). The numbers of cancers attributable to body fatness and alcohol are highest for colorectal cancer (23,000 and 9,900, respectively). Conclusions More reliable advanced methods demonstrate large proportions and numbers of cancers are preventable by modifying behaviours. Key messages Ever smoking and body fatness are the leading causes of preventable future burden of causally related cancers in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
- Full Text
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25. The DietCompLyf study: A prospective cohort study of breast cancer survival and phytoestrogen consumption.
- Author
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Swann, Ruth, Perkins, Katherine A., Velentzis, Louiza S., Ciria, Cristian, Dutton, Susan J., Mulligan, Angela A., Woodside, Jayne V., Cantwell, Marie M., Leathem, Anthony J., Robertson, Claire E., and Dwek, Miriam V.
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BREAST cancer treatment , *PHYTOESTROGENS , *LIFESTYLES & health , *CANCER relapse , *QUALITY of life , *ISOFLAVONES - Abstract
Abstract: DietCompLyf is a multi-centre prospective study designed to investigate associations between phytoestrogens – naturally occurring plant compounds with oestrogenic properties – and other diet and lifestyle factors with breast cancer recurrence and survival. 3159 women with grades I–III breast cancer were recruited 9–15 months post-diagnosis from 56 UK hospitals. Detailed information on clinico-pathological, diet, lifestyle and quality of life is collected annually up to 5 years. Biological samples have also been collected as a resource for subsequent evaluation. The characteristics of the patients and associations between pre-diagnosis intake of phytoestrogens (isoflavones and lignans; assessed using the EPIC-Norfolk UK 130 question food frequency questionnaire) and breast cancer (i) risk factors and (ii) prognostic factors are described for 1797 women who had complete data for all covariates and phytoestrogens of interest. Isoflavone intakes were higher in the patients who were younger at diagnosis, in the non-smokers, those who had breast-fed and those who took supplements. Lignan intakes were higher in patients with a higher age at diagnosis, in ex-smokers, those who had breast-fed, who took supplements, had a lower BMI at diagnosis, lower age at menarche and were nulliparous. No significant associations between pre-diagnosis phytoestrogen intake and factors associated with improved breast cancer prognosis were observed. The potential for further exploration of the relationship between phytoestrogens and breast cancer recurrence and survival, and for the establishment of evidence to improve dietary and lifestyle advice offered to patients following breast cancer diagnosis using DietCompLyf data is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2013
- Full Text
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