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1. Open Remote Web Lab for Learning Robotics and ROS with Physical and Simulated Robots in an Authentic Developer Environment

Author

Davis Krumins, Sandra Schumann, Veiko Vunder, Rauno Põlluäär, Kristjan Laht, Renno Raudmäe, Alvo Aabloo, and Karl Kruusamäe

Abstract

Teaching robotics with the robot operating system (ROS) is valuable for instating good programming practices but requires significant setup steps from the learner. Providing a ready-made ROS learning environment over the web can make robotics more accessible; however, most of the previous remote labs have abstracted the authentic ROS developer environment either for didactical or technological reasons, or do not give the possibility to program physical robots. In this article, we present a remote web lab that employs virtual network computing and Docker to serve in-browser desktop workstations, where learning tasks can be completed on both the physical and simulated robots. The learners can reserve access to the remote lab through a learning management interface, which also includes tools for administering the remote lab. The system allows anyone to experiment with ROS without configuring any software locally and was successfully trialed in an online ROS course.

Published
2024
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4. Hariliku kuuse (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) kändude juurimise tootlikkus juurimisagregaadiga Pallari KH-160 neljal Eesti katsealal

Author

Kurvits Vahur, Muiste Peeter, Padari Allar, and Uri Veiko

Subjects
pallari kh-160, stump lifting, norway spruce, productivity, Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

The aim of this paper was to provide an overview of the productivity of the stump lifting device Pallari KH-160, the distribution of working time, and to assess the dependence of the time and productivity of lifting operations on stump diameter in four different sample areas. Viru and Orguse sample areas were located in the Hepatica site type, Elva sample area in the Oxalis site type, and Rõuge test area in the Myrtillus site type. Viru sample area had smaller stumps compared to the others and had more stumps affected by decay. The highest productivity in terms of dry mass or volume was observed in stump lifting in Rõuge sample area, where 9.8 t of stumps were lifted per hour based on dry mass. The productivity of Viru and Orguse sample areas was lower, but these sample areas are located in the Hepatica site type, characterized by limestone substrates and leached soils. In contrast, Elva and Rõuge test areas are in the Oxalis and Myrtillus site types, respectively, with soils that are predominantly sandy. As the diameter of the stumps increased, the time required per stump increased, but the lifting speed per unit mass also increased. In other words, the productivity of lifting in stands with larger stumps is higher than in stands with smaller stumps. For example, the average productivity of lifting 10 cm diameter stumps is 0.8 t/h, for 20 cm stumps it is 2.2 t/h, and for 60 cm stumps it is 11.8 t/h.

Published
2024
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5. Robotont 3–an accessible 3D-printable ROS-supported open-source mobile robot for education and research

Author

Eva Mõtshärg, Veiko Vunder, Renno Raudmäe, Marko Muro, Ingvar Drikkit, Leonid Tšigrinski, Raimo Köidam, Alvo Aabloo, and Karl Kruusamäe

Subjects
open-source hardware, educational robotics, 3D-printing, PCB design, robot design, modular hardware, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

Educational robots offer a platform for training aspiring engineers and building trust in technology that is envisioned to shape how we work and live. In education, accessibility and modularity are significant in the choice of such a technological platform. In order to foster continuous development of the robots as well as to improve student engagement in the design and fabrication process, safe production methods with low accessibility barriers should be chosen. In this paper, we present Robotont 3, an open-source mobile robot that leverages Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D-printing for manufacturing the chassis and a single dedicated system board that can be ordered from online printed circuit board (PCB) assembly services. To promote accessibility, the project follows open hardware practices, such as design transparency, permissive licensing, accessibility in manufacturing methods, and comprehensive documentation. Semantic Versioning was incorporated to improve maintainability in development. Compared to the earlier versions, Robotont 3 maintains all the technical capabilities, while featuring an improved hardware setup to enhance the ease of fabrication and assembly, and modularity. The improvements increase the accessibility, scalability and flexibility of the platform in an educational setting.

Published
2024
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7. Laser-induced thermal effect on the electrical characteristics of photosensitive PbSe films

Author

Anastasiia A. Olkhova, Alina A. Patrikeeva, Maria A. Butyaeva, Alexandra E. Pushkareva, Ekaterina A. Avilova, Mikhail K. Moskvin, Maksim M. Sergeev, and Vadim P. Veiko

Subjects
laser modification, pbse films, optical characteristics, darkening mode, bleaching mode, heat treatment, laser pulses, Optics. Light, QC350-467, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

The paper presents a study of the effect of laser irradiation of crystalline chalcogenide films of lead selenide (PbSe) on their electrical characteristics caused by irreversible modification of the structure due to valence reconfiguration of lead as a result of its oxidation. The study of the modification features of the electrical properties of the films was carried out because of laser exposure to nanosecond pulses with a wavelength of 1064 nm. Measurements of the electrical characteristics of PbSe films were carried out using the four-probe method. It was shown that when the current was directed parallel to the laser tracks recorded in the darkening mode, the resistance of the modified film decreased by 44 % compared to the original sample, and with the perpendicular direction of the current, the resistance increased by 153 %. The resistance of the film increased more than 27 times after laser irradiation in the bleaching mode, regardless of the direction of the current relative to the laser tracks. The experimentally measured temperature and its gradient along the laser spot on the film in the darkening and bleaching modes turned out to be in good agreement with the proposed mathematical model of the thermal effect of laser pulses. It has been shown that the processes of laser modification of films occur at lower temperatures than during standard heat treatment in a furnace. The obtained results can be applied in the development of photodetectors in the middle IR range of the spectrum based on PbSe film.

Published
2024
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12. Online incorporation platforms in Estonia and beyond: How administrative spillover effects hamper international taxation

Author

Ylonen, Matti, Drechsler, Wolfgang, and Lember, Veiko

Subjects
Incorporation -- Case studies, Taxation -- Case studies, Tax evasion -- Case studies, Economic development -- Case studies -- United Kingdom -- Estonia -- Wyoming -- Finland, Entrepreneurship -- Case studies, Economic policy -- Case studies, Businesspeople -- Case studies, Business, international, International relations, Transportation industry, European Union, International Monetary Fund
Abstract

Online platforms that allow non-residents to register Arms have emerged to boost economic development goals in jurisdictions ranging from Wyoming (United States) to Estonia. They create novel governance challenges that fall between governance frameworks. The global tax governance agenda needs to address the role of such platforms, which often involve conflicts between economic policy aspirations and other goals. Our Estonian case study demonstrates the inability of authorities to perform background checks of numerous non-resident entrepreneurs, as national administrative capacities get strained. Building on the nascent tax spillover approach, we analyse administrative spillover effects caused by online incorporation platforms in international taxation. Mapping de facto administrative capacities requires analysing conflicts between governmental priorities and the obstacles of sharing information between administrative and criminal procedures. When the non-resident community grows compared with the size of the domestic economy, supervisory systems tailored for domestic entrepreneurs become strained. We show that resolving this policy conflict assumes targeted investments into administrative capabilities from skilled personnel to data exchange and interorganizational coordination. Keywords: e-governance, e-residency, Estonia, money laundering, tax governance, tax evasion JEL classification codes: M13, O16, O23, O52, P16, 1. Introduction Registering small companies abroad used to be associated with international crime and the super-rich, or with holding companies of transnational corporations (TNCs). However, technological advances and digital business [...]

Published
2023

13. Climate and dispersal limitation drive tree species range shifts in post-glacial Europe: results from dynamic simulations

Author

Deborah Zani, Heike Lischke, and Veiko Lehsten

Subjects
dispersal, dynamic vegetation modeling, migration lag, paleovegetation, range shift, Evolution, QH359-425, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

IntroductionThe ability of species to colonize newly suitable habitats under rapid climate change can be constrained by migration processes, resulting in a shift of the leading edge lagging behind the ameliorating climate, i.e. migration lag. The importance and extent of such migration lags during the forest expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are still debated. Similarly, the relative importance of the main drivers of post-glacial vegetation dynamics (temperature, dispersal limitation, and competition) is still discussed in the literature.MethodsWe used the dynamic global vegetation model LPJ-GM 2.0 to reconstruct the range shifts of 16 competing major European tree species after the LGM (18.5 ka BP) until recent times (0 ka BP). We simulated two dispersal modes by allowing free establishment whenever the climatic conditions suited the species (free dispersal), or by accounting for migration processes in the simulated vegetation dynamics (dispersal limitation). We then calculated thermal and range shift velocities, competition at establishment, thermal and dispersal lags for each species and dispersal mode. Finally, we compared our simulated range shift velocities with pollen-derived migration rates.ResultsThe simulation assuming limited dispersal resulted in more accurate migration rates as compared to pollen-derived migration rates and spreading patterns. We found no marked migration lags in the post-glacial establishment of pioneer species (Pinus sylvestris and Betula pubescens). Under the free dispersal mode, the remaining temperate species expanded rapidly and almost synchronously across central Europe upon climate warming (Bølling-Allerød interstadial). Differently, the northward spread of temperate species simulated under dispersal limitation happened mainly during the Holocene and in successive waves, with late spreaders (e.g. Fraxinus excelsior) experiencing multi-millennial dispersal lags and higher competition.DiscussionOur simulation under dispersal constraints suggests that the post-glacial tree expansion in Europe was mainly driven by species-specific thermal requirements and dispersal capacity, which in turn affected the order of taxa establishment and thus the degree of competition. Namely, taxa with less cold-tolerance and relatively low dispersal ability experienced the highest migration lags, whereas the establishment of pioneer species was mostly in equilibrium with the climate.

Published
2023
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17. Effect of Water-Soluble Chlorine-Containing Buckminsterfullerene Derivative on the Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Embryonic Lung Fibroblasts

Author

Ekaterina A. Savinova, Tatiana A. Salimova, Elena V. Proskurnina, Ivan V. Rodionov, Olga A. Kraevaya, Pavel A. Troshin, Larisa V. Kameneva, Elena M. Malinovskaya, Olga A. Dolgikh, Natalia N. Veiko, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subjects
nanoparticles, fullerenes, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, Analytical chemistry, QD71-142, Inorganic chemistry, QD146-197
Abstract

The development of novel biologically active nanopharmaceuticals is a topical problem of medicine. Water-soluble fullerene derivatives are of particular interest due to their ability to regulate intracellular metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by direct oxidation or effects on oxidative and signaling enzymes. Here, we studied the effect of a water-soluble chlorine-containing derivative of C60 fullerene on human embryonic lung fibroblasts. MTT tests, intracellular ROS visualization, detection of the ROS-associated gene and protein expression, repair, cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation, and quantitation of oxidative DNA damage were used. Within the first three hours after exposure, antioxidant effects were revealed. Later, oxidative damage appeared. Thus, the studied compound had an ambiguous effect on ROS metabolism associated with a switch in the regulatory effect, which must be taken into account when assessing its biological activity and toxicity.

Published
2022
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20. Fluorescence-based thermometry for precise estimation of nanoparticle laser-induced heating in cancerous cells at nanoscale

Author

Peltek Oleksii O., Ageev Eduard I., Talianov Pavel M., Mikushina Anna D., Epifanovskaya Olga S., Dubavik Aliaksei, Veiko Vadim P., Lepik Kirill, Zuev Dmitry A., Timin Alexander S., and Zyuzin Mikhail V.

Subjects
fluorescent nanothermometry, laser-induced heating, necrosis/apoptosis, photodynamic therapy, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted increasing interest as a complementary method to be used alongside conventional therapies. Despite a great number of studies in this field, only a few have explored how temperatures affect the outcome of the PTT at nanoscale. In this work, we study the necrosis/apoptosis process of cancerous cells that occurs during PTT, using a combination of local laser heating and nanoscale fluorescence thermometry techniques. The temperature distribution within a whole cell was evaluated using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy during laser-induced hyperthermia. For this, gold nanorods were utilized as nanoheaters. The local near-infrared laser illumination produces a temperature gradient across the cells, which is precisely measured by nanoscale thermometry. This allows one to optimize the PTT conditions by varying concentration of gold nanorods associated with cells and laser power density. During the PTT procedure, such an approach enables an accurate determination of the percentages of apoptotic and necrotic cells using 2D and 3D models. According to the performed cell experiments, the influence of temperature increase during the PTT on cell death mechanisms has been verified and determined. Our investigations can improve the understanding of the PTT mechanisms and increase its therapeutic efficiency while avoiding any side effects.

Published
2022
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21. Telomere Length as a Marker of Suicidal Risk in Schizophrenia

Author

Natalia V. Zakharova, Lidia V. Bravve, Galina Sh. Mamedova, Maria A. Kaydan, Elisaveta S. Ershova, Andrey V. Martynov, Natalia N. Veiko, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subjects
schizophrenia, suicide, telomere length, mtdna, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and suicidal behavior are associated with shortening in the length of telomeres. The aim of the study was to compare the content (pg/mcg) of telomeric repeat in DNA isolated from peripheral blood cells in three groups of subjects: patients with schizophrenia and a history of suicide attempts, patients with schizophrenia without suicidal tendencies, and healthy control volunteers. METHODS: Relapses according to gender and age were examined in 47 patients with schizophrenia with suicidal behavior, 47 patients without self-destructive conditions, and 47 volunteers with healthy control and maintenance for the content of telomeric and the number of copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peripheral blood leukocytes. RESULTS: Analysis of determining the content of telomeric repeat (TR) in the DNA of massive weight gain in the series: patients with schizophrenia and suicidal attempts patients with schizophrenia without suicidal observations healthy controls (22528.4 (227 [190; 250]) vs. 24321 (245 [228; 260]) vs. 25517.9 (255 [242; 266]), p 0.005. The same trend is observed for the number of mtDNA copies (257101.5 (250 [194; 297])) vs. 262.359.3 (254 [217; 312]) vs. 27279.9 (274 [213; 304]); p=0.012), but no significant differences were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, the phenomenon of telomere shortening was discovered in schizophrenics with suicidal risk. The length of the telomere corresponds to the parameter of a biological marker an objectively measured indicator of normal or pathological processes, but gaining an idea of its reliability is still necessary for verification with an assessment of its sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value. The telomere may be considered a putative predictive indicator of suicidal risk.

Published
2022
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22. Antipsychotics Affect Satellite III (1q12) Copy Number Variations in the Cultured Human Skin Fibroblasts

Author

Elizaveta S. Ershova, Ekaterina A. Savinova, Larisa V. Kameneva, Lev N. Porokhovnik, Roman V. Veiko, Tatiana A. Salimova, Vera L. Izhevskaya, Sergey I. Kutsev, Natalia N. Veiko, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subjects
schizophrenia, antipsychotics, antipsychotic therapy, γH2AX, 8-oxodG, satellite III, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The fragment of satellite III (f-SatIII) is located in pericentromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 1. Cell with an enlarged f-SatIII block does not respond to various stimuli and are highly stress-susceptible. The fraction of f-SatIII in the cells of schizophrenia patients changed during antipsychotic therapy. Therefore, antipsychotics might reduce the f-SatIII content in the cells. We studied the action of haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine (3 h, 24 h, 96 h) on human skin fibroblast lines (n = 10). The f-SatIII contents in DNA were measured using nonradioactive quantitative hybridization. RNASATIII were quantified using RT-qPCR. The levels of DNA damage markers (8-oxodG, γ-H2AX) and proteins that regulate apoptosis and autophagy were determined by flow cytometry. The antipsychotics reduced the f-SatIII content in DNA and RNASATIII content in RNA from HSFs. After an exposure to the antipsychotics, the autophagy marker LC3 significantly increased, while the apoptosis markers decreased. The f-SatIII content in DNA positively correlated with RNASATIII content in RNA and with DNA oxidation marker 8-oxodG, while negatively correlated with LC3 content. The antipsychotics arrest the process of f-SatIII repeat augmentation in cultured skin fibroblasts via the transcription suppression and/or through upregulated elimination of cells with enlarged f-SatIII blocks with the help of autophagy.

Published
2023
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23. ROBOTONT – Open-source and ROS-supported omnidirectional mobile robot for education and research

Author

Renno Raudmäe, Sandra Schumann, Veiko Vunder, Maarika Oidekivi, Madis Kaspar Nigol, Robert Valner, Houman Masnavi, Arun Kumar Singh, Alvo Aabloo, and Karl Kruusamäe

Subjects
Open-source, Educational robotics, ROS (Robot Operating System), Holonomic, Mobile robot, Software, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

In order to achieve visionary concepts such as Society 5.0 and Industry 5.0, there is a growing need for people who are able to create innovative robotic technologies. Training students to become such skilled professionals requires transitioning from often toy-like educational platforms with significant hardware limitations to costly research robots with full ROS (Robot Operating System) support. To aid in this transition, we propose Robotont – an open-source omnidirectional mobile robot platform with both physical hardware and a digital twin. Robotont enables robotics education with professional tools as well as provides researchers with a capable mobility platform for validating and demonstrating scientific results. Robotont has successfully been used for university teaching, professional education, and online courses about ROS and robotics.

Published
2023
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25. Mild cognitive impairment is associated with low copy number of ribosomal genes in the genomes of elderly people

Author

Natalia N. Veiko, Elizaveta S. Ershova, Roman V. Veiko, Pavel E. Umriukhin, Marat V. Kurmyshev, Georg P. Kostyuk, Sergey I. Kutsev, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subjects
ribosomal genes, rDNA, aging, rDNA CN, mild cognitive impairment, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Introduction: Mild cognitive impairments (MCI) accompanying aging are associated with oxidative stress. The ability of cells to respond to stress is determined by the protein synthesis level, which depends on the ribosomes number. Ribosomal deficit was documented in MCI. The number of ribosomes depends, together with other factors, on the number of ribosomal genes copies. We hypothesized that MCI is associated with low rDNA CN in the elderly person genome.Materials and Methods: rDNA CN and the telomere repeat (TR) content were determined in the DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes of 93 elderly people (61–91 years old) with MCI and 365 healthy volunteers (16–91 years old). The method of non-radioactive quantitative hybridization of DNA with biotinylated DNA probes was used for the analysis.Results: In the MCI group, rDNA CN (mean 329 ± 60; median 314 copies, n = 93) was significantly reduced (p < 10–15) compared to controls of the same age with preserved cognitive functions (mean 412 ± 79; median 401 copies, n = 168) and younger (16–60 years) control group (mean 426 ± 109; median 416 copies, n = 197). MCI is also associated with a decrease in TR DNA content. There is no correlation between the content of rDNA and TR in DNA, however, in the group of DNA samples with rDNA CN > 540, TR content range was significantly narrowed compared to the rest of the sample.Conclusion: Mild cognitive impairment is associated with low ribosomal genes copies in the elderly people genomes. A low level of rDNA CN may be one of the causes of ribosomal deficit that was documented in MCI. The potential possibilities of using the rDNA CN indicator as a prognostic marker characterizing human life expectancy are discussed.

Published
2022
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28. TeMoto: A Software Framework for Adaptive and Dependable Robotic Autonomy With Dynamic Resource Management

Author

Robert Valner, Veiko Vunder, Alvo Aabloo, Mitch Pryor, and Karl Kruusamae

Subjects
Robot programming, fault tolerant systems, reconfigurable architectures, redundancy, autonomous robots, ROS, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

For widespread deployment of robots in challenging environments (fire fighting, search and rescue, planetary exploration, etc.), the software of the robot must allow for reliability and adaptability. For many existing systems, an unexpected change in mission specification, component failures, or energy conservation requires downtime for adaption (redesign of mission logic, switching sensor data processing pipeline, etc.). This is because software and hardware components for robotic applications are commonly chosen or designed based on task requirements and integrated either directly in the source code or via system configuration scripts, such as ROS launch files, leading to a fixed monolithic design. As the necessity and extent of adaptive behaviors is not always known prior to deployment, the structure of a robot’s software needs to support it by design. In this paper, we propose TeMoto, a novel architecture for adaptive autonomous robots, and a ROS-based framework of openly available software tools that implement the TeMoto architecture. TeMoto is a developer tool which combines dynamic (run-time) task and resource management, encourages modular and scalable system design and is task and platform agnostic - TeMoto provides the foundation for an adaptive robotic system. The feasibility of the TeMoto framework is qualitatively assessed via experiments on single and multi-robot setups spanning common scenarios (teleoperation, autonomous surveillance, cargo delivery, etc.). TeMoto-based systems exhibit increased fault tolerance and dynamic reconfigurability of software and hardware resources, as well as up to a 47% reduction in power consumption compared to the non TeMoto-enabled reference setup.

Published
2022
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29. Nanosecond Laser-Assisted Fabrication of Photocatalytically Active TiO2 Nanocoatings: Implication in Organic Dyes Degradation.

Author

Ponkratova, Ekaterina Y., Kuzmichev, Andrey M., Rud, Dmitry A., Khubezhov, Soslan A., Dolgintsev, Dmitry M., Ageev, Eduard I., Veiko, Vadim P., Sinev, Dmitry A., and Zuev, Dmitry A.

Abstract

The development of systems capable of efficiently eliminating organic dyes from wastewater is crucial for the environment. In this context, TiO2-based photocatalytic systems are of particular interest. However, the development of eco-friendly and single-step methods for the fabrication of such systems remains a challenge to their practical use. Here, we demonstrate a fabrication approach for a catalytic system composed of TiO2 nanocoating created on the surface of a bulk titanium plate by exposure to a nanosecond laser. The exposure conditions affect the relief and phase composition of the nanocoating, as revealed by a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact profilometry, Raman, High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HR XPS), and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) methods. Using the GIXRD method, we establish that nanocoatings consist of a mixture of anatase and rutile grains with sizes of 22.7–24.4 and 29.8–32.2 nm, respectively. HR XPS analysis demonstrates that changes in the number of pulses per spot modify the anatase surface content from 40.6 to 70.4%. The samples with a higher anatase content exhibit up to 6.3 times higher catalytic activity, which is confirmed by methylene blue degradation when exposed to UV light and can be related to the synergistic effect of the anatase–rutile heterojunction. The reusability of the samples is supported by repeated degradation experiments. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2 nanocoatings is improved by Au nanoparticles deposited on their surface by magnetron sputtering. The proposed approach lays the foundation for the application of nanosecond laser-assisted technologies in the eco-friendly fabrication of catalytic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. The role of dispersal limitation in the forest biome shifts of Europe in the last 18,000 years.

Author

Zani, Deborah, Lischke, Heike, and Lehsten, Veiko

Subjects
BIOMES, PLANT dispersal, LAST Glacial Maximum, GLOBAL warming, FOREST conservation, TAIGAS, VEGETATION dynamics
Abstract

Aim: How the ability of plants to move towards newly favourable habitats (dispersal limitation) impacts the change of biome distribution and transition under fast climate warming is still debated. Analysing vegetation change in the past may help to clarify the relative importance of underlying ecological processes such as climate, biotic interactions, and dispersal. In this study, we investigated how dispersal limitation affected the distribution of European forests in the last 18,000 years. Location: Southern and Central Europe. Taxon: Spermatophyta. Methods: Using the LPJ‐GM 2.0 model (an extension of LPJ‐GUESS), we simulated European vegetation from the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (18.5 ka) to the current time (0 ka). Using biome reconstructions from pollen data as reference, we compared the performance of two dispersal modes: with no migration constraints or seed limitation (free dispersal mode), and with plant establishment depending on seed dynamics and dispersal (dispersal limitation mode). Results: The model run, including migration processes, was better at capturing the post‐glacial expansion of European temperate forests (and the longer persistence of boreal forests) than the setting assuming free dispersal, especially during periods of rapid warming. This suggests that a number of (temperate) tree taxa experienced delayed occupancy of climatically suitable habitats due to a limited dispersal capacity, i.e., post‐glacial migration lags. Main Conclusions: Our results show that including migration processes in model simulations allows for more realistic reconstructions of forest patterns under rapid climate change, with consequences for future projections of carbon sequestration and climate reconstructions with vegetation feedback, assisted migration and forest conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Ribosomal, Telomere, and Mitochondrial Repeat Copy Number Variations in Female Genomes during Ovarian Stimulation and the Prediction of In Vitro Fertilization Outcome: A Pilot Study

Author

Natalia Nikolaevna Veiko, Elizaveta Sergeevna Ershova, Lev Nikolaevich Porokhovnik, Maria Petrovna Klimenko, Peter Afanasievich Klimenko, Pavel Evgenievich Umriukhin, Еdmund Viktorovich Kostyuk, Mark Arkadievich Kurtser, Oksana Nikolaevna Agafonova, Tatyana Agaragimovna Salimova, Sergey Ivanovich Kutsev, Vera Leonidovna Izhevskaya, and Svetlana Viktorovna Kostyuk

Subjects
personalized infertility treatment, risk assessment, ivf prognosis, ribosomal genes, telomere repeat, mitochondrial dna, copy number, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract

Introduction: Individual risk assessment of assisted reproductive technologies is essential for personalized treatment strategies. Genetic and genomic indicators of the response to stress by cells could provide individual prognostic indicators for in vitro fertilization (IVF) success. Such indicators include the copy number of ribosomal genes (rDNA), which modulates the level of protein synthesis, and the abundance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which provides the cell with energy, while the content of telomere repeats (TRs) indicate the biological age. Materials and Methods: The contents of the three repeats in DNA isolated from blood leukocytes of 40 women before and after ovarian stimulation were assayed prior to IVF. Then, we divided the women into a successful IVF group, IVF+ (N = 17, 7 cases of twins), and a group of failed cases, IVF– (N = 23). The control group included 17 non-pregnant women with natural childbirth in the past. The nonradioactive quantitative hybridization (NQH) method was applied to assay the genome repeat contents. Results: The number of rDNA copies in the IVF+ group was significantly higher than in the IVF– group (p < 10-8). The number of mtDNA copies in the IVF+ group also exceeded those in the IVF– group (p < 0.001), whereas the TR content in the two groups differed, albeit, non-significantly (p < 0.03). Following the ovarian stimulation, the rDNA copy numbers did not change, while the contents of the mtDNA and TR varied significantly. Conclusions: This pilot study has shown that rDNA abundance in blood leukocytes can be considered a stable and effective predictor. Very low numbers of ribosomal repeat copies (

Published
2023
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32. Satellite III (1q12) Copy Number Variation in Cultured Human Skin Fibroblasts from Schizophrenic Patients and Healthy Controls

Author

Elizaveta S. Ershova, Ekaterina A. Savinova, Larisa V. Kameneva, Lev N. Porokhovnik, Roman V. Veiko, Tatiana A. Salimova, Vera L. Izhevskaya, Sergei I. Kutsev, Natalia N.Veiko, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subjects
schizophrenia, nadph oxidase 4, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, superoxide dismutase 1, gamma-h2a histone family member x, satellite iii, copy number variation, human skin fibroblasts, Biochemistry, QD415-436, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Background: The chromosome 1q12 region harbors the genome’s largest pericentromeric heterochromatin domain that includes tandemly repeated satellite III DNA [SatIII (1)]. Increased SatIII (1) copy numbers have been found in cultured human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) during replicative senescence. The aim of this study was to analyze the variation in SatIII (1) abundance in cultured HSFs at early passages depending on the levels of endogenous and exogenous stress. Methods: We studied 10 HSF cell lines with either high (HSFs from schizophrenic cases, n = 5) or low (HSFs from healthy controls, n = 5) levels of oxidative stress. The levels of endogenous stress were estimated by the amounts of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage markers (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, gamma-H2A histone family member X), pro- and antioxidant proteins (NADPH oxidase 4, superoxide dismutase 1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), and proteins that regulate apoptosis and autophagy (B-cell lymphoma 2 [Bcl-2], Bcl-2-associated X protein, light chain 3). SatIII (1) copy numbers were measured using the nonradioactive quantitative hybridization technique. For comparison, the contents of telomeric and ribosomal RNA gene repeats were determined. RNASATIII (1 and 9) were quantified using quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: Increased SatIII (1) contents in DNA from confluent HSFs were positively correlated with increased oxidative stress. Confluent cell cultivation without medium replacement and heat shock induced a decrease of SatIII (1) in DNA in parallel with a decrease in RNASATIII (1) and an increase in RNASATIII (9). Conclusions: During HSF cultivation, cells with increased SatIII (1) content accumulated in the cell pool under conditions of exaggerated oxidative stress. This fraction of cells decreased after the additional impact of exogenous stress. The process seems to be oscillatory.

Published
2023
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34. Evaluation of Streptococcus oralis adhesion and biofilm formation on laser-processed titanium

Author

Doll Katharina, Veiko Vadim, Karlagina Yulia, Odintsova Galina, Heine Nils, Egorova Elena, Radaev Maxim, Chichkov Boris, and Stiesch Meike

Subjects
antibacterial surface, titanium, laser processing, anatase, streptococcus oralis, biofilm, Medicine
Abstract

To prevent implant-associated infections, surface modifications need to be developed that prevent bacterial colonisation and biofilm formation. In the present study, titanium surfaces were processed by nanosecond-pulsed laser ablation to generate a variety of different structures (anatase, rutile, Osteon, as well as Osteon additionally coated with silver and clove nanoparticles). Analysis of adhesion and biofilm formation of the oral pioneer bacterium Streptococcus oralis could demonstrate antibacterial properties of anatase surfaces. For clinical translation, the effect should be enhanced by further adaption and combined with the osseointegrative Osteon structure

Published
2021
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36. NADPH-oxidase 4 gene over-expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the schizophrenia patients.

Author

Elizaveta S Ershova, Galina V Shmarina, Andrey V Martynov, Natalia V Zakharova, Roman V Veiko, Pavel E Umriukhin, George P Kostyuk, Sergey I Kutsev, Natalia N Veiko, and Svetlana V Kostyuk

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

IntroductionIncreased systemic oxidative stress is common in schizophrenia (SZ) patients. NADPH-oxidase 4 (NOX4) is the cell oxidoreductase, catalyzing the hydrogen peroxide formation. Presumably, NOX4 is the main oxidative stress factor in a number of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. We hypothesized that NOX4 may be involved in the oxidative stress development caused by the disease in the schizophrenic patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL).Materials and methodsThe SZ group included 100 patients (68 men and 32 women aged 28 ± 11 years). The control group included 60 volunteers (35 men and 25 women aged 25 ± 12 years). Flow cytometry analysis (FCA) was used for DNA damage markers (8-oxodG, ɣH2AX), pro- and antiapoptotic proteins (BAX1 and BCL2) and the master-regulator of anti-oxidant response NRF2 detection in the lymphocytes of the untreated SZ patients (N = 100) and the healthy control (HC, N = 60). FCA and RT-qPCR were used for NOX4 and RNANOX4 detection in the lymphocytes. RT-qPCR was used for mtDNA quantitation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cell-free DNA concentration was determined in blood plasma fluorimetrically.Results8-oxodG, NOX4, and BCL2 levels in the PBL in the SZ group were higher than those in the HC group (p < 0.001). ɣH2AX protein level was increased in the subgroup with high 8-oxodG (pConclusionSignificant NOX4 gene expression was found a in SZ patients' lymphocytes, but the corresponding protein is probably not a cause of the DNA damage.

Published
2022
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38. Lipoprotein(a) and Benefit of PCSK9 Inhibition in Patients With Nominally Controlled LDL Cholesterol

Author

Schwartz, Gregory G., Gabriel Steg, P.h., Bhatt, Deepak L., Bittner, Vera A., Diaz, Rafael, Goodman, Shaun G., Harrington, Robert A., Jukema, J. 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Zurab, Ghlonti, Ramaz, Lominadze, Zaza, Khabeishvili, George, Hemetsberger, Rayyan, Edward, Kemala, Rauch-Kröhnert, Ursula, Stratmann, Matthias, Appel, Karl-Friedrich, Schmidt, Ekkehard, Omran, Heyder, Stellbrink, Christoph, Dorsel, Thomas, Lianopoulos, Emmanouil, Vöhringer, Hans Friedrich, Marx, Roger, Zirlik, Andreas, Schellenberg, Detlev, Heitzer, Thomas, Laufs, Ulrich, Werner, Christian, Gielen, Stephan, Nuding, Sebastian, Winkelmann, Bernhard, Behrens, Steffen, Sydow, Karsten, Karakas, Mahir, Simonis, Gregor, Muenzel, Thomas, Werner, Nikos, Leggewie, Stefan, Böcker, Dirk, Braun-Dullaeus, Rüdiger, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Jeserich, Michael, Weißbrodt, Matthias, Schaeufele, Tim, Weil, Joachim, Völler, Heinz, Waltenberger, Johannes, Natour, Mohammed, Schmitt, Susanne, Müller-Wieland, Dirk, Steiner, Stephan, Heidenreich, Lothar, Offers, Elmar, Gremmler, Uwe, Killat, Holger, Rieker, Werner, Patsilinakos, Sotiris, Kartalis, Athanasios, Manolis, Athanassios, Sionis, Dimitrios, Chachalis, 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Bartels, Gerard L., Cornel, Jan H., Hermans, Walter R.M., Herrman, Johannes P.R., Bos, Robert J., Groutars, Reginald G.E.J., Van Der Zwaan, Coenraad C., Kaplan, Refik, Lionarons, Raymond, Ronner, Eelko, Groenemeijer, Bjorn E., Bronzwaer, Patrick N.A., Liem, Anho A.H., Rensing, Bernard J.W.M., Bokern, Marcel J.J.A., Nijmeijer, Remco, Hersbach, Ferry M.R.J., Willems, Frank F., Gosselink, Antonius T.M., Rasoul, Saman, Elliott, John, Wilkins, Gerard, Fisher, Raewyn, Scott, Douglas, Hart, Hamish, Stewart, Ralph, Harding, Scott, Ternouth, Ian, Fisher, Nicholas, Wilson, Samuel, Aitken, Denise, Anscombe, Russell, Davidson, Laura, Tomala, Tadeusz, Nygård, Ottar, Sparby, Jon Arne, Andersen, Kjell, Gullestad, Lars, Jortveit, Jarle, Munk, Peter S., Singsaas, Erlend gyllensten, Hurtig, Ulf, Calderon Ticona, Jorge R., Durand Velasquez, Julio R., Negron Miguel, Sandra A., Sanabria Perez, Enrique S., Carrion Chambilla, Jesus M., Chavez Ayala, Carlos A., Castillo Leon, Reynaldo P., Vargas Gonzales, 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Chumakova, Galina, Libov, Igor, Voevoda, Mikhail I., Tretyakova, Tatyana V., Baranov, Evgeny, Shustov, Sergey, Yakushin, Sergey, Gordeev, Ivan, Khasanov, Niiaz, Reshetko, Olga, Sotnikova, Tatiana, Molchanova, Olga, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Gapon, Liudmila, Baranova, Elena, Shogenov, Zaur, Kosmachova, Elena, Karpov, Yuriy, Povzun, Anton, Egorova, Liudmila, Tyrenko, Vadim V., Ivanov, Igor G., Ilya, Masterov, Kanorsky, Sergey, Simic, Dragan, Ivanovic, Nikola, Davidovic, Goran, Tasic, Nebojsa, Asanin, Milika R., Stojic, Stevo, Apostolovic, Svetlana R., Ilic, Stevan, Tosic, Biljana Putnikovic, Stankovic, Aleksandar, Arandjelovic, Aleksandra, Radovanovic, Slavica, Todic, Branislava, Balinovac, Jovan, Dincic, Dragan V., Seferovic, Petar, Karadzic, Ana, Dodic, Slobodan, Dimkovic, Sinisa, Jakimov, Tamara, Poh, Kian-Keong, Ong, Hean Yee, I-Shing, Justin Tang, Micko, Karol, Nociar, Jan, Pella, Daniel, Fulop, Peter, Hranai, Marian, Palka, Juraj, Mazur, Juraj, Majercák, Ivan, Dzupina, Andrej, Fazekas, František, Gonsorcik, Jozef, Bugan, Viliam, Selecky, Juraj, Kamensky, Gabriel, Strbova, Jaroslava, Smik, Rudolf, Dukat, Andrej, Olexa, Peter, Žuran, Ivan, Poklukar, Janez, Šuligoj, Nataša Černič, Cevc, Matija, Cyster, Henry P., Ranjith, Naresh, Corbett, Clive, Bayat, Junaid, Makotoko, Ellen Makoali, du Toit Theron, Hendrik, Kapp, Ilse E., de V Basson, Matthys M., Lottering, Hanlie, Van Aswegen, Dina, Van Zyl, Louis J., Sebastian, Peter J., Pillay, Thayabran, Saaiman, Jan A., Commerford, Patrick J., Cassimjee, Soraya, Riaz, Garda, Ebrahim, Iftikhar O., Sarvan, Mahomed, Mynhardt, Joseph H., Reuter, Helmuth, Moodley, Rajendran, Vida, Manuel, Cequier Fillat, Angel R., Peris, Vicente Bodí, Jimenez, Francisco Fuentes, Marín, Francisco, Cruz Fernández, Jose M., Hidalgo Urbano, Rafael Jesus, Gil-Extremera, Blas, Toledo, Pablo, Diz, Fernando Worner, Garcia-Dorado, David, Iñiguez, Andres, Fernández, José Tuñón, Gonzalez-Juanatey, Jose R., Portales, Javier Fernandez, Murillo, Fernando Civeira, Pericas, Laia Matas, Zamorano, Jose Luis, De Mora Martin, Manuel, Cortada, Jordi Bruguera, Alonso Martin, Joaquin J., Serrano Antolin, Jose Maria, De Berrazueta Fernández, José R., Vázquez de Prada, José Antonio, Díaz Fernández, Jose Francisco, García Lledó, José Alberto, Sales, Juan Cosín, Rodriguez, Javier Botas, Tragant, Gabriel Gusi, Benedicto, Amparo, Gonzalez-Juanatey, Carlos, Potau, Mercedes Camprubí, Perez, Ignacio Plaza, De La Tassa, César Morís, Loma-Osorio Rincon, Pablo, Recena, Javier Balaguer, Escudier, Juan M., Payeras, Antonio Coca, Orcajo, Norberto Alonso, Valdivielso, Pedro, Constantine, Godwin, Haniffa, Ruvaiz, Tissera, Nirmali, Amarasekera, Stanley, Ponnamperuma, Chandrike, Fernando, Nimali, Fernando, Kaputella, Jayawardena, Jayanthimala, Wijeyasingam, Santharaj, Ranasinghe, Gotabhaya, Ekanayaka, Ruvan, Mendis, Sepalika, Senaratne, Vajira, Mayurathan, Gnanamoorthy, Rajapaksha, Ajantha, Sirisena, Thilak, Herath, Jagath I., Amarasena, Naomali, Berglund, Stefan, Rasmanis, Gundars, Vedin, Ola, Witt, Nils, Mourtzinis, Georgios, Nicol, Peter, Hansen, Ole, Romeo, Stefano, Jensen, Steen Agergaard, Torstensson, Ingemar, Ahremark, Ulf, Sundelin, Torbjörn, Moccetti, Tiziano, Mach, Francois, Binde, Ronald, Gämperli, Oliver, Tsai, Wei-Chuan, Ueng, Kwo-Chang, Lai, Wen-Ter, Liu, Ming-En, Hwang, Juey-Jen, Yin, Wei-Hsian, Hsieh, I-Chang, Hsieh, Ming-Jer, Lin, Wei Hsiang, Kuo, Jen-Yuan, Huang, Tsuei-Yuan, Fang, Chih-Yuan, Kaewsuwanna, Pinij, Soonfuang, Wasant, Jintapakorn, Woravut, Sukonthasarn, Apichard, Wongpraparut, Nattawut, Sastravaha, Krisada, Sansanayudh, Nakarin, Kehasukcharoen, Wirash, Piyayotai, Dilok, Chotnoparatpat, Paiboon, Camsari, Ahmet, Kultursay, Hakan, Mutlu, Bulent, Ersanli, Murat, Demirtas, Mustafa, Kirma, Cevat, Ural, Ertan, Koldas, Lale, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Prokhorov, Alexander, Vakaluyk, Ihor, Myshanych, Halyna, Reshotko, Dmytro, Batushkin, Valeriy, Rudenko, Leonid, Kovalskyi, Ihor, Kushnir, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Kyiak, Yulian, Karpenko, Yuriy, Malynovsky, Yaroslav, Klantsa, Andriy, Kutniy, Oles, Amosova, Ekaterina, Tashchuk, Viktor, Leshchuk, Oleh, Rishko, Mykola, Kopytsya, Mykola, Yagensky, Andriy, Vatutin, Mykola, Bagriy, Andriy, Barna, Olga M., Ushakov, Olexiy, Dzyak, Georgiy, Goloborodko, Borys, Rudenko, Anatolii, Zheleznyy, Volodymyr, Trevelyan, Jasper, Zaman, Azfar, Lee, Kaeng, Moriarty, Andrew, Aggarwal, Rajesh K., Clifford, Piers, Wong, Yuk-Ki, Iqbal, Syed M.R., Subkovas, Eduardas, Braganza, Denise, Sarkar, David, Storey, Robert, Griffiths, Huw, Mcclure, Sam, Muthusamy, Rangasamy, Smith, Simon, Kurian, John, Levy, Terry, Barr, Craig, Kadr, Honer, Gerber, Robert, Simaitis, Audrius, Soran, Handrean, Mathur, Anthony, Brodison, Adrian, Ayaz, Mohammad, Cheema, Muhammad, Oliver, Richard, Thackray, Simon, Mudawi, Telal, Rahman, Gohar, Sultan, Ayyaz, Reynolds, Timothy, Sharman, David, david Sprigings, Butler, Rob, Wilkinson, Peter, Lip, Gregory Y.H., Halcox, Julian, Gallagher, Sean, Ossei-Gerning, Nicholas, Vardi, Gil, Baldari, Duccio, Brabham, David, Treasure, Charles, II, Dahl, Charles, Palmer, Bruce, Wiseman, Alan, Khan, Abul, Puri, Sanjeev, Mohart, Ann Elizabeth, Ince, Carlos, Flores, Enrique, Wright, Scott, Cheng, Shi-Chi, Rosenberg, Michael, Rogers, William, Jr., Kosinski, Edward, Forgosh, Les, Waltman, Jonathan, Khan, Misal, Shoukfeh, Mohammad, Dagher, Georges, Cambier, Patrick, Lieber, Ira, Kumar, Priya, East, Cara, Krichmar, Perry, Hasan, Mian, White, Lindsey, Knickelbine, Thomas, Haldis, Thomas, Gillespie, Eve, Amidon, Thomas, Suh, David, Arif, Imran, Abdallah, Mouhamad, Akhter, Faiq, Carlson, Eric, D'Urso, Michael, El-Ahdab, Fadi, Nelson, William, Moriarty, Katie, Harris, Barry, Cohen, Steven, Carter, Luther, Doty, Daniel, Sabatino, Kenneth, Haddad, Tariq, Malik, Amir, Rao, Sunder, Mulkay, Angel, Jovin, Ion, Klancke, Kim, Malhotra, Vinay, Devarapalli, Sai K., Koren, Michael, Chandna, Harish, Dodds, George, III, Goraya, Tauqir, Bengston, James, Janik, Matthew, Moran, Joseph, Sumner, Andrew, Kobayashi, John, Davis, William, Yazdani, Shahram, Pasquini, John, Thakkar, Maitreya, Vedere, Amarnath, Leimbach, Wayne, Rider, James, fenton, Sarah, Singh, Narendra, Shah, Anil V., Janosik, Denise, Pepine, Carl, Berman, Brett, Gelormini, Joseph, Daniels, Christopher, Richard, Kerensky, Keating, Friederike, Kondo, Nicholas I., Shetty, Sanjay, Levite, Howard, Waider, Winfried, Takata, Theodore, Abu-Fadel, Mazen, Shah, Vipul, Aggarwal, Rahul, Izzo, Mark, Kumar, Anil, Hattler, Brack, Do, Rose, Link, Chad, Bortnick, Anna, Kinzfogl, George, III, Ghitis, Arnold, Larry, John, Teufel, Edward, Kuhlman, Peter, Mclaurin, Brent, Zhang, Wenwu, Thew, Stephen, Abbas, Jalal, White, Matthew, Islam, Othman, Subherwal, Sumeet, Ranadive, Nandkishore, Vakili, Babak, Gring, Christian, Henderson, David, Schuchard, Timothy, Farhat, Naim, Kline, Geoffrey, Mahal, Sharan, Whitaker, Jack, Speirs, Shawn, Andersen, Rolf, Daboul, Nizar, Horwitz, Phillip, Zahr, Firas, Ponce, George, Jafar, Zubair, Mcgarvey, Joseph, Jr., Panchal, Vipul, Voyce, Stephen, Blok, Thomas, Sheldon, William, Azizad, Masoud M., Schmalfuss, Carsten, Picone, Mark, Pederson, Robert, Herzog, William, Jr., Friedman, Keith, Lindsey, Jason, Nowins, Rosemary, Timothy, Eichenlaub, Leonard, Parilak, Lepor, Norman, El Shahawy, Mahfouz, Weintraub, Howard, Irimpen, Anand, Alonso, Alvaro, May, Wade, Christopher, Daniels, Galski, Thomas, Chu, Alan, Mody, Freny, Ramin, Ebrahimi, Hodes, Zachary, Rossi, Joseph, Rose, Gregory, Fairlamb, James, Lambert, Charles, Jr., Raisinghani, Ajit, Abbate, Antonio, Vetrovec, George, King, Marilyn, Carey, Charles, Gerber, Jaime, Younis, Liwa, Park, Hyeun, Vidovich, Mladen, Knutson, Thomas, Friedman, Dennis, Chaleff, Fred, Loussararian, Arthur, Rozeman, Phillip, Kimmelstiel, Carey, Kuvin, Jeffrey, Silver, Kevin, Foster, Malcolm, Tonnessen, Glen, Espinoza, Andrey, Amlani, Mohamadali, Wali, Andreas, Malozzi, Christopher, Jong, Geert T., Massey, Clara, Wattanakit, Keattiyoat, O'Donnell, Philip J., Singal, Dinesh, Jaffrani, Naseem, Banuru, Sridhar, Fisher, Daniel, Xenakis, Mark, Perlmutter, Neal, Bhagwat, Ravi, Strader, James, Jr., Blonder, Ronald, Akyea-Djamson, Ayim, Labroo, Ajay, Lee, Kwan, Marais, H. John, Claxton, Edmund, Jr., Weiss, Robert, Kathryn, Rohr, Berk, Martin, Rossi, Peter, Joshi, Parag, Khera, Amit, Khaira, Ajit S., Kumkumian, Greg, Lupovitch, Steven, Purow, Joshua, Welka, Stephen, Hoffman, David, Fischer, Stuart, Soroka, Eugene, Eagerton, Donald, Pancholy, Samir, Ray, Michael, Erenrich, Norman, Farrar, Michael, Pollock, Stewart, French, William J., Diamantis, Steve, Guy, Douglas, Gimple, Lawrence, Neustel, Mark, Schwartz, Steven, Pereira, Edward, Albert, Seals, Spriggs, Douglas, Strain, Janet, Mittal, Suneet, Vo, Anthony, Chane, Majed, Hall, Jason, Vijay, Nampalli, Lotun, Kapildeo, Lester, F. Martin, Nahhas, Ahed, Pope, Theodore, Nager, Paul, Vohra, Rakesh, Sharma, Mukesh, Bashir, Riyaz, Ahmed, Hinan, Berlowitz, Michael, Fishberg, Robert, Barrucco, Robert, Yang, Eric, Radin, Michael, Sporn, Daniel, Stapleton, Dwight, Eisenberg, Steven, Landzberg, Joel, Mcgough, Martin, Turk, Samir, Schwartz, Michael, Sundram, P. Sandy, Jain, Diwakar, Zainea, Mark, Bayron, Carlos, Karlsberg, Ronald, Dohad, Suhail, Lui, Henry, Keen, William, Westerhausen, Donald, Jr., Khurana, Sandeep, Agarwal, Himanshu, Birchem, Jessica, Penny, William, Jr., Chang, Mark, Murphy, Sherrill, Henry, John, Schifferdecker ;John M Gilbert, Branislav, Chalavarya, Gopal, Eaton, Charles, Schmedtje, John F., Jr., Christenson, Stuart, Dotani, Imran, Denham, Douglas, Macdonell, Alexander, Gibson, Paul, Rahman, Aref, Al Joundi, Tammam, Assi, Nizar, Conrad, Gary, Kotha, Purushotham, Love, Michael, Giesler, Gregory, Rubenstein, Howard, Gamil, Dawood, Akright, Laura, Krawczyk, Justine, Cobler, Joanne, Wells, Terry, Welker, James, Foster, Robert, Gilmore, Richard, Anderson, Jay, Jacoby, Douglas, Harris, Bill, Gardner, Geraldine, Dandillaya, Ramprasad, Vora, Kishor, Kostis, John, Hunter, John, Laxson, David, Ball, Eric, Egydio, Flavia, Kawakami, Anelise, Oliveira, Janaina, Wozniak, Julianna, Matthews, Alexander, Ratky, Caroline, Valiris, Janine, Berdan, Lisa, Hepditch, Anita, Quintero, Kirby, Rorick, Tyrus, Westbrook, Melissa, Pascual, Andrea, Rovito, Carla, Bezault, Madeleine, Drouet, Elodie, Simon, Tabassome, Alsweiler, Caroline, Luyten, Anne, Butters, Julie, Griffith, Liddy, Shaw, Michelle, Grunberg, Lena, Islam, Shahidul, Brégeault, Marie-France, Bougon, Nathalie, Faustino, Douglas, Fontecave, Sylvie, Murphy, Judith, Verrier, Melanie, Veronique Agnetti, Andersen, Dorthe, Badreddine, Emmy, Bekkouche, Mhamed, Bouancheau, Cecile, Brigui, Imane, Brocklehurst, Maddy, Cianciarulo, Joseph, Devaul, Dawn, Domokos, Szilvia, Gache, Cecile, Gobillot, Caroline, Guillou, Severine, Healy, Jan, Heath, Megan, Jaiwal, Gayatri, Javierre, Carine, Labeirie, Julien, Monier, Myriam, Morales, Ulises, Mrabti, Asmaa, Mthombeni, Bicky, Okan, Betim, Smith, Lucile, Sheller, Jennifer, Sopena, Sebastien, Pellan, Valerie, Benbernou, Fadela, Bengrait, Nafissa, Lamoureux, Maud, Kralova, Katarina, Scemama, Michel, Bejuit, Raphael, Coulange, Anthony, Berthou, Christelle, Repincay, Jérôme, Lorenzato, Christelle, Etienne, Alexis, Gouet, Valerie, Loizeau, Virginie, Normand, Mickael, Ourliac, Anne, Rondel, Christelle, Adamo, Antony, Beltran, Pascale, Barraud, Pauline, Dubois-Gache, Helene, Halle, Benjamin, Metwally, Lamia, Mourgues, Maxime, Sotty, Marc, Vincendet, Marion, Cotruta, Raluca, Chengyue, Zhu, Fournie-Lloret, Dominique, Morrello, Christine, Perthuis, Aurelie, Picault, Patrick, Zobouyan, Isabelle, Colhoun, Helen M., Dempsey, Michael A., McClanahan, Mark A., Manvelian, Garen, Sinnaeve, Peter R., and Gabriel Steg, Ph

Published
2021
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40. Interaction of Rhus typhina Tannin with Lipid Nanoparticles: Implication for the Formulation of a Tannin–Liposome Hybrid Biomaterial with Antibacterial Activity

Author

Szymon Sekowski, Nikolaos Naziris, Maria Chountoulesi, Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek, Krzysztof Czerkas, Artem Veiko, Nodira Abdulladjanova, Costas Demetzos, and Maria Zamaraeva

Subjects
liposomes, sumac tannin, biomaterials, hybrid nanosystems, antibacterial activity, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Tannins are natural plant origin polyphenols that are promising compounds for pharmacological applications due to their strong and different biological activities, including antibacterial activity. Our previous studies demonstrated that sumac tannin, i.e., 3,6-bis-O-di-O-galloyl-1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (isolated from Rhus typhina L.), possesses strong antibacterial activity against different bacterial strains. One of the crucial factors of the pharmacological activity of tannins is their ability to interact with biomembranes, which may result in the penetration of these compounds into cells or the realization of their activity on the surface. The aim of the current work was to study the interactions of sumac tannin with liposomes as a simple model of the cellular membrane, which is widely used in studies focused on the explanation of the physicochemical nature of molecule–membrane interactions. Additionally, these lipid nanovesicles are very often investigated as nanocarriers for different types of biologically active molecules, such as antibiotics. In the frame of our study, using differential scanning calorimetry, zeta-potential, and fluorescence analysis, we have shown that 3,6-bis-O-di-O-galloyl-1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose interacts strongly with liposomes and can be encapsulated inside them. A formulated sumac–liposome hybrid nanocomplex demonstrated much stronger antibacterial activity in comparison with pure tannin. Overall, by using the high affinity of sumac tannin to liposomes, new, functional nanobiomaterials with strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains, such as S. aureus, S. epidermitis, and B. cereus, can be formulated.

Published
2023
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41. Ribosomal DNA Abundance in the Patient’s Genome as a Feasible Marker in Differential Diagnostics of Autism and Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

Author

Elizaveta S. Ershova, Natalia N. Veiko, Svetlana G. Nikitina, Elena E. Balakireva, Andrey V. Martynov, Julia M. Chudakova, Galina V. Shmarina, Svetlana E. Kostyuk, Nataliya A. Salimova, Roman V. Veiko, Lev N. Porokhovnik, Aliy Yu Asanov, Vera L. Izhevskaia, Sergey I. Kutsev, Nataliya V. Simashkova, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subjects
ASD, infantile autism, early-onset schizophrenia, childhood-onset schizophrenia, ribosomal genes, copy number, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Differential diagnostics of early-onset schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a problem of child psychiatry. The prognosis and relevant treatment are to a large degree determined by the correctness of diagnosis. We found earlier that leucocyte DNA of adult schizophrenia patients contained significantly larger copy numbers of ribosomal repeats (rDNA) coding for rRNA, than DNA of mentally healthy controls. Aim: To compare the contents of ribosomal repeats in the leucocyte DNA of children with schizophrenia, children with ASD, and healthy age-matched controls to estimate the possibility of using this genetic trait in the differential diagnostics of the two types of disorders. Patients and methods: Blood samples of patients with infantile autism (A—F84.0 according to ICD-10, N = 75) and with childhood-onset schizophrenia (SZ—F20.8 according to ICD-10, N = 43) were obtained from the Child Psychiatry Department of the Mental Health Research Center. The healthy control blood samples (HC, N = 86) were taken from the Research Centre for Medical Genetics collection. The recruitment of cases was based on the clinical psychopathologic approach. DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes with organic solvents. Nonradioactive quantitative hybridization technique was applied for determining the abundance of ribosomal repeats in the genomes. Statistical processing was performed using StatPlus, Statgraphics and MedCalc. Findings: DNA derived from SZ cases contained 565 ± 163 rDNA copies, which is significantly (p < 10−6) higher than the rDNA content in ASD cases (405 ± 109 copies) and controls (403 ± 86 copies). The HC and A groups did not differ by rDNA copy number (p > 0.4). The genetic trait “rDNA copy number in patient’s genome” can potentially be applied as an additional marker in differential diagnostics of childhood-onset schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders.

Published
2022
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42. Apolipoprotein B, Residual Cardiovascular Risk After Acute Coronary Syndrome, and Effects of Alirocumab

Author

Hagström, Emil, Steg, P. Gabriel, Szarek, Michael, Bhatt, Deepak L., Bittner, Vera A., Danchin, Nicolas, Diaz, Rafael, Goodman, Shaun G., Harrington, Robert A., Jukema, J. Wouter, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Marx, Nikolaus, McGinniss, Jennifer, Manvelian, Garen, Pordy, Robert, Scemama, Michel, White, Harvey D., Zeiher, Andreas M., Schwartz, Gregory G., Schwartz, Gregory G., Bhatt, Deepak L., Bittner, Vera A., Diaz, Rafael, Goodman, Shaun G., Harrington, Robert A., Jukema, J. Wouter, Szarek, Michael, White, Harvey D., Zeiher, Andreas M., Tricoci, Pierluigi, Roe, Matthew T., Mahaffey, Kenneth W., Edelberg, Jay M., Hanotin, Corinne, Lecorps, Guillaume, Moryusef, Angèle, Pordy, Robert, Sasiela, William J., Tamby, Jean-François, Diaz, Rafael, Aylward, Philip E, Drexel, Heinz, Sinnaeve, Peter, Dilic, Mirza, Lopes, Renato D., Gotcheva, Nina N, Goodman, Shaun G., Prieto, Juan-Carlos, Yong, Huo, López-Jaramillo, Patricio, Pećin, Ivan, Reiner, Zeljko, Ostadal, Petr, Poulsen, Steen Hvitfeldt, Viigimaa, Margus, Nieminen, Markku S, Danchin, Nicolas, Chumburidze, Vakhtang, Marx, Nikolaus, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Carlos, Pablo, Valdovinos, Montenegro, Tse, Hung-Fat, Kiss, Robert Gabor, Xavier, Denis, Zahger, Doron, Valgimigli, Marco, Kimura, Takeshi, Kim, Hyo Soo, Kim, Sang-Hyun, Erglis, Andrejs, Laucevicius, Aleksandras, Kedev, Sasko, Yusoff, Khalid, Ramos López, Gabriel Arturo, Alings, Marco, White, Harvey D., Halvorsen, Sigrun, Correa Flores, Roger M, Sy, Rody G., Budaj, Andrzej, Morais, Joao, Dorobantu, Maria, Karpov, Yuri, Ristic, Arsen D., Chua, Terrance, Murin, Jan, Fras, Zlatko, Dalby, Anthony J, Tuñón, José, de Silva, H. Asita, Hagström, Emil, Landmesser, Ulf, Müller, Christian, Chiang, Chern-En, Sritara, Piyamitr, Guneri, Sema, Parkhomenko, Alexander, Ray, Kausik K., Moriarty, Patrick M., Roe, Matthew T., Vogel, Robert, Chaitman, Bernard, Kelsey, Sheryl F., Olsson, Anders G., Rouleau, Jean-Lucien, Simoons, Maarten L., Alexander, Karen, Meloni, Chiara, Rosenson, Robert, Sijbrands, Eric J.G., Tricoci, Pierluigi, Alexander, John H., Armaganijan, Luciana, Bagai, Akshay, Bahit, Maria Cecilia, Brennan, J. Matthew, Clifton, Shaun, DeVore, Adam D., Deloatch, Shalonda, Dickey, Sheila, Dombrowski, Keith, Ducrocq, Grégory, Eapen, Zubin, Endsley, Patricia, Eppinger, Arleen, Harrison, Robert W., Hess, Connie Ng, Hlatky, Mark A., Jordan, Joseph Dedrick, Knowles, Joshua W., Kolls, Bradley J., Kong, David F., Leonardi, Sergio, Lillis, Linda, Lopes, Renato D., Maron, David J., Mahaffey, Kenneth W., Marcus, Jill, Mathews, Robin, Mehta, Rajendra H., Mentz, Robert J., Moreira, Humberto Graner, Patel, Chetan B., Pereira, Sabrina Bernardez, Perkins, Lynn, Povsic, Thomas J., Puymirat, Etienne, Roe, Matthew T., Jones, William Schuyler, Shah, Bimal R., Sherwood, Matthew W., Stringfellow, Kenya, Sujjavanich, Darin, Toma, Mustafa, Trotter, Charlene, van Diepen, Sean F.P., Wilson, Matthew D., Tze-Kay Yan, Andrew, Schiavi, Lilia B, Garrido, Marcelo, Alvarisqueta, Andrés F, Sassone, Sonia A, Bordonava, Anselmo P, Alves De Lima, Alberto E, Schmidberg, Jorge M, Duronto, Ernesto A, Caruso, Orlando C, Novaretto, Leonardo P, Hominal, Miguel Angel, Montaña, Oscar R, Caccavo, Alberto, Gomez Vilamajo, Oscar A, Lorenzatti, Alberto J, Cartasegna, Luis R, Paterlini, Gustavo A, Mackinnon, Ignacio J, Caime, Guillermo D, Amuchastegui, Marcos, Salomone, Oscar, Codutti, Oscar R, Jure, Horacio O, Bono, Julio OE, Hrabar, Adrian D, Vallejos, Julio A, Ahuad Guerrero, Rodolfo A, Novoa, Federico, Patocchi, Cristian A, Zaidman, Cesar J, Giuliano, Maria E, Dran, Ricardo D, Vico, Marisa L, Carnero, Gabriela S, Guzman, Pablo N, Medrano Allende, Juan C, Garcia Brasca, Daniela F, Bustamante Labarta, Miguel H, Nani, Sebastian, Blumberg, Eduardo DS, Colombo, Hugo R, Liberman, Alberto, Fuentealba, Victorino, Luciardi, Hector L, Waisman, Gabriel D, Berli, Mario A, Garcia Duran, Ruben O, Cestari, Horacio G, Luquez, Hugo A, Giordano, Jorge A, Saavedra, Silvia S, Zapata, Gerardo, Costamagna, Osvaldo, Llois, Susana, Waites, Jonathon H, Collins, Nicholas, Soward, Allan, Aylward, Philip E, Hii, Chris LS, Aylward, Philip E, 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Nimali, Fernando, Kaputella, Jayawardena, Jayanthimala, Wijeyasingam, Santharaj, Ranasinghe, Gotabhaya, Ekanayaka, Ruvan, Mendis, Sepalika, Senaratne, Vajira, Mayurathan, Gnanamoorthy, Rajapaksha, Ajantha, Sirisena, Thilak, Herath, Jagath I, Amarasena, Naomali, Berglund, Stefan, Rasmanis, Gundars, Hagström, Emil, Vedin, Ola, Witt, Nils, Mourtzinis, Georgios, Nicol, Peter, Hansen, Ole, Romeo, Stefano, Jensen, Steen Agergaard, Torstensson, Ingemar, Ahremark, Ulf, Sundelin, Torbjörn, Moccetti, Tiziano, Müller, Christian, Mach, Francois, Binde, Ronald, Landmesser, Ulf, Gämperli, Oliver, Chiang, Chern-En, Tsai, Wei- Chuan, Ueng, Kwo-Chang, Lai, Wen-Ter, Liu, Ming-En, Hwang, Juey- Jen, Yin, Wei-Hsian, Hsieh, I-Chang, Hsieh, Ming-Jer, Hsiang Lin, Wei, Kuo, Jen-Yuan, Huang, Tsuei-Yuan, Fang, Chih-Yuan, Kaewsuwanna, Pinij, Soonfuang, Wasant, Jintapakorn, Woravut, Sukonthasarn, Apichard, Sritara, Piyamitr, Wongpraparut, Nattawut, Sastravaha, Krisada, Sansanayudh, Nakarin, Kehasukcharoen, Wirash, Piyayotai, Dilok, Chotnoparatpat, Paiboon, Camsari, Ahmet, Kultursay, Hakan, Guneri, Sema, Mutlu, Bulent, Ersanli, Murat, Demirtas, Mustafa, Kirma, Cevat, Ural, Ertan, Koldas, Lale, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Prokhorov, Alexander, Vakaluyk, Ihor, Myshanych, Halyna, Reshotko, Dmytro, Batushkin, Valeriy, Rudenko, Leonid, Kovalskyi, Ihor, Kushnir, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Kyiak, Yulian, Karpenko, Yuriy, Malynovsky, Yaroslav, Klantsa, Andriy, Kutniy, Oles, Amosova, Ekaterina, Tashchuk, Viktor, Leshchuk, Oleh, Parkhomenko, Alexander, Rishko, Mykola, Kopytsya, Mykola, Yagensky, Andriy, Vatutin, Mykola, Bagriy, Andriy, Barna, Olga M, Ushakov, Olexiy, Dzyak, Georgiy, Goloborodko, Borys, Rudenko, Anatolii, Zheleznyy, Volodymyr, Trevelyan, Jasper, Zaman, Azfar, Lee, Kaeng, Moriarty, Andrew, Aggarwal, Rajesh K, Clifford, Piers, Wong, Yuk- Ki, Iqbal, Syed MR, Subkovas, Eduardas, Braganza, Denise, Sarkar, David, Storey, Robert, Griffiths, Huw, Mcclure, Sam, Muthusamy, Rangasamy, Smith, Simon, Kurian, John, Levy, Terry, Barr, Craig, Kadr, Honer, Gerber, Robert, Simaitis, Audrius, Soran, Handrean, Brodison, Adrian, Ayaz, Mohammad, Cheema, Muhammad, Oliver, Richard, Thackray, Simon, Mudawi, Telal, Rahma, Gohar, Sultan, Ayyaz, Reynolds, Timothy, Sharman, David, Spriging, david, Butler, Rob, Wilkinson, Peter, Lip, Gregory YH, Ossei-Gerning, Nicholas, Vardi, Gil, Baldari, Duccio, Brabham, David, Treasure II, Charles, Dahl, Charles, Palmer, Bruce, Wiseman, Alan, Khan, Abul, Puri, Sanjeev, Mohart, Ann Elizabeth, Ince, Carlos, Flores, Enrique, Wright, Scott, Cheng, Shi-Chi, Rosenberg, Michael, Rogers, William, Kosinski, Edward, Forgosh, Les, Waltman, Jonathan, Shoukfeh, Mohammad, Dagher, Georges, Cambier, Patrick, Lieber, Ira, Kumar, Priya, East, Cara, Krichmar, Perry, Hasan, Mian, White, Lindsey, Knickelbine, Thomas, Haldis, Thomas, Gillespie, Eve, Amidon, Thomas, Suh, David, Arif, Imran, Abdallah, mouhamad, Akhter, Faiq, Carlson, Eric, D’Urso, Michael, El- Ahdab, Fadi, Nelson, William, Moriarty, Katie, Harris, Barry, Cohen, Steven, Carter, Luther, Doty, Daniel, Sabatino, Kenneth, Haddad, Tariq, Rao, Sunder, Mulkay, Angel, Jovin, Ion, Klancke, Kim, Malhotra, Vinay, Devarapalli, Sai K, Koren, Michael, Chandna, Harish, Dodds, George, Goraya, Tauqir, Bengston, James, Janik, Matthew, Moran, Joseph, Sumner, Andrew, Kobayashi, John, Davis, William, Yazdani, Shahram, Pasquini, John, Thakkar, Maitreya, Vedere, Amarnath, Leimbach, Wayne, Rider, James, fenton, Sarah, Singh, Narendra, Shah, Anil V, Moriarty, Patrick M., Janosik, Denise, Pepine, Carl, Berman, Brett, Gelormini, Joseph, Daniels, Christopher, Richard, Kerensky, Keating, Friederike, Kondo, Nicholas I, Shetty, Sanjay, Levite, Howard, Waider, Winfried, Takata, Theodore, Abu-Fadel, Mazen, Shah, Vipul, Aggarwal, Rahul, Kumar, Anil, Hattler, Brack, Do, Rose, Link, Chad, Bortnick, Anna, Kinzfogl, George, Ghitis, Arnold, Larry, John, Teufel, Edward, Kuhlman, Peter, Mclaurin, Brent, Zhang, Wenwu, Thew, Stephen, Abbas, Jalal, White, Matthew, Islam, Othman, Subherwal, Sumeet, Ranadive, Nandkishore, Vakili, Babak, Gring, Christian, Henderson, David, Schuchard, Timothy, Farhat, Naim, Kline, Geoffrey, Mahal, Sharan, Whitaker, Jack, Speirs, Shawn, Andersen, Rolf, Daboul, Nizar, Horwitz, Phillip, Zahr, Firas, Ponce, George, Jafar, Zubair, Mcgarvey, Joseph, Panchal, Vipul, Voyce, Stephen, Blok, Thomas, Sheldon, William, Azizad, Masoud M, Schmalfuss, Carsten, Picone, Mark, Pederson, Robert, Herzog, William, Friedman, Keith, Lindsey, Jason, Timothy, Eichenlaub, Leonard, Parilak, Lepor, Norman, El Shahawy, Mahfouz, Weintraub, Howard, Irimpen, Anand, Alonso, Alvaro, May, Wade, Christopher, Daniels, Galski, Thomas, Chu, Alan, Mody, Freny, Ramin, Ebrahimi, Hodes, Zachary, Rossi, Joseph, Rose, Gregory, Fairlamb, James, Lambert, Charles, Raisinghani, Ajit, Abbate, Antonio, Vetrovec, George, King, Marilyn, Carey, Charles, Gerber, Jaime, Younis, Liwa, Park, Hyeun (Tom), Vidovich, Mladen, Knutson, Thomas, Friedman, Dennis, Chaleff, Fred, Loussararian, Arthur, Rozeman, Phillip, Kimmelstiel, Carey, Kuvin, Jeffrey, Silver, Kevin, Foster, Malcolm, Tonnessen, Glen, Espinoza, Andrey, Amlani, Mohamadali, Wali, Andreas, Malozzi, Christopher, Jong, Geert T, Massey, Clara, Wattanakit, Keattiyoat, O’Donnell, Philip J., Singal, Dinesh, Jaffrani, Naseem, Banuru, Sridhar, Fisher, Daniel, Xenakis, Mark, Perlmutter, Neal, Bhagwat, Ravi, Strader, James, Blonder, Ronald, Akyea-Djamson, Ayim, Labroo, Ajay, Lee, Kwan, Marais, H. John, Claxton, Edmund, Weiss, Robert, Kathryn, Rohr, Berk, Martin, Rossi, Peter, Joshi, Parag, Khera, Amit, Khaira, Ajit S, Kumkumian, Greg, Lupovitch, Steven, Purow, Joshua, Welka, Stephen, Hoffman, David, Fischer, Stuart, Soroka, Eugene, Eagerton, Donald, Pancholy, Samir, Ray, Michael, Erenrich, Norman, Farrar, Michael, Pollock, Stewart, French, William J, Diamantis, Steve, Guy, Douglas, Gimple, Lawrence, Neustel, Mark, Schwartz, Steven, Pereira, Edward, Albert, Seals, Spriggs, Douglas, Strain, Janet, Mittal, Suneet, Vo, Anthony, Chane, Majed, Hall, Jason, Vijay, Nampalli, Lotun, Kapildeo, Lester, F. Martin, Nahhas, Ahed, Pope, Theodore, Nager, Paul, Vohra, Rakesh, Sharma, Mukesh, Bashir, Riyaz, Ahmed, Hinan, Berlowitz, Michael, Fishberg, Robert, Barrucco, Robert, Yang, Eric, Radin, Michael, Sporn, Daniel, Stapleton, Dwight, Eisenberg, Steven, Landzberg, Joel, Mcgough, Martin, Turk, Samir, Schwartz, Michael, Sundram, P. Sandy, Jain, Diwakar, Zainea, Mark, Bayron, Carlos, Karlsberg, Ronald, Dohad, Suhail, Lui, Henry, Keen, William, Westerhausen, Donald, Khurana, Sandeep, Agarwal, Himanshu, Birchem, Jessica, Penny, William, Chang, Mark, Murphy, Sherrill, Henry, John, Schifferdecker, Branislav, Gilbert, John M, Chalavarya, Gopal, Eaton, Charles, Schmedtje, John F, Christenson, Stuart, Dotani, Imran, Denham, Douglas, Macdonell, Alexander, Gibson, Paul, Rahman, Aref, Al Joundi, Tammam, Assi, Nizar, Conrad, Gary, Kotha, Purushotham, Love, Michael, Giesler, Gregory, Rubenstein, Howard, Gamil, Dawood, Akright, Laura, Krawczyk, Justine, Cobler, Joanne, Wells, Terry, Welker, James, Foster, Robert, Gilmore, Richard, Anderson, Jay, Jacoby, Douglas, Harris, Bill, Gardner, Geraldine, Dandillaya, Ramprasad, Vora, Kishor, Kostis, John, Hunter, John, Laxson, David, Ball, Eric, Anderson, Jay, Wells, Terry, Vora, Kishor, Ball, Eric, Welker, James, Lopes, Renato D., Egydio, Flavia, Kawakami, Anelise, Oliveira, Janaina, Goodman, Shaun G., Wozniak, Julianna, Matthews, Alexander, Ratky, Caroline, Valiris, Janine, Berdan, Lisa, Hepditch, Anita, Quintero, Kirby, Roe, Matthew T., Rorick, Tyrus, Westbrook, Melissa, Danchin, Nicolas, Bezault, Madeleine, Drouet, Elodie, Simon, Tabassome, White, Harvey D., Alsweiler, Caroline, Sinnaeve, Peter, Luyten, Anne, Aylward, Philip E, Butters, Julie, Griffith, Liddy, Shaw, Michelle, Hagström, Emil, Grunberg, Lena, Szarek, Michael, Islam, Shahidul, Brégeault, Marie-France, Bougon, Nathalie, Faustino, Douglas, Fontecave, Sylvie, Murphy, Judith, Tamby, Jean- Francois, Verrier, Melanie, Agnetti, Veronique, Andersen, Dorthe, Badreddine, Emmy, Bekkouche, Mhamed, Bouancheau, Cecile, Brigui, Imane, Brocklehurst, Maddy, Cianciarulo, Joseph, Devaul, Dawn, Domokos, Szilvia, Gache, Cecile, Gobillot, Caroline, Guillou, Severine, Healy, Jan, Heath, Megan, Jaiwal, Gayatri, Javierre, Carine, Labeirie, Julien, Monier, Myriam, Morales, Ulises, Mrabti, Asmaa, Mthombeni, Bicky, Okan, Betim, Smith, Lucile, Sheller, Jennifer, Sopena, Sebastien, Pellan, Valerie, Benbernou, Fadela, Bengrait, Nafissa, Lamoureux, Maud, Kralova, Katarina, Scemama, Michel, Bejuit, Raphael, Coulange, Anthony, Berthou, Christelle, Repincay, Jérôme, Lorenzato, Christelle, Etienne, Alexis, Gouet, Valerie, Lecorps, Guillaume, Loizeau, Virginie, Normand, Mickael, Ourliac, Anne, Rondel, Christelle, Adamo, Antony, Beltran, Pascale, Barraud, Pauline, Dubois-Gache, Helene, Halle, Benjamin, Metwally, Lamia, Mourgues, Maxime, Sotty, Marc, Vincendet, Marion, Cotruta, Raluca, Chengyue, Zhu, Fournie-Lloret, Dominique, Morrello, Christine, Perthuis, Aurelie, Picault, Patrick, Zobouyan, Isabelle, Colhoun, Helen M., Dempsey, Michael A., and McClanahan, Mark A.

Published
2022
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43. Association of NEF2L2 Rs35652124 Polymorphism with Nrf2 Induction and Genotoxic Stress Biomarkers in Autism

Author

Lev N. Porokhovnik, Vladimir M. Pisarev, Anastasia G. Chumachenko, Julia M. Chudakova, Elizaveta S. Ershova, Natalia N. Veiko, Natalia L. Gorbachevskaya, Uliana A. Mamokhina, Alexander B. Sorokin, Anna Ya. Basova, Mikhail S. Lapshin, Vera L. Izhevskaya, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subjects
Nrf2, NFE2L2, autism, ASD, polymorphism, SNP, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Increased oxidative/genotoxic stress is known to impact the pathophysiology of ASD (autism spectrum disorder). Clinical studies, however, reported limited, heterogeneous but promising responses to treatment with antioxidant remedies. We determined whether the functional polymorphism of the Nrf2 gene, master regulator of anti-oxidant adaptive reactions to genotoxic stress, links to the genotoxic stress responses and to an in vitro effect of a NRF2 inductor in ASD children. Oxidative stress biomarkers, adaptive responses to genotoxic/oxidative stress, levels of master antioxidant regulator Nrf2 and its active form pNrf2 before and after inducing by dimethyl fumarate (DMF), and promotor rs35652124 polymorphism of NFE2L2 gene encoding Nrf2 were studied in children with ASD (n = 179). Controls included healthy adults (n = 101). Adaptive responses to genotoxicity as indicated by H2AX and cytoprotection by NRF2 contents positively correlated in ASD children with a Spearman coefficient of R = 0.479 in T+, but not CC genotypes. ASD children with NRF2 rs35652124 CC genotype demonstrated significantly higher H2AX content (0.652 vs. 0.499 in T+) and pNrf2 induction by DMF, lowered 8-oxo-dG concentration in plasma and higher cfDNA/plasma nuclease activity ratio. Our pilot findings suggest that in ASD children the NEF2L2 rs35652124 polymorphism impacts adaptive responses that may potentially link to ASD severity. Our data warrant further studies to reveal the potential for NEF2L2 genotype-specific and age-dependent repurposing of DMF and/or other NRF2-inducing drugs.

Published
2023
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44. Antimicrobial Activity of Quercetin, Naringenin and Catechin: Flavonoids Inhibit Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Hemolysis and Modify Membranes of Bacteria and Erythrocytes

Author

Artem G. Veiko, Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek, Szymon Sekowski, Anna Roszkowska, Elena A. Lapshina, Izabela Dobrzynska, Maria Zamaraeva, and Ilya B. Zavodnik

Subjects
flavonoids, antimicrobial agents, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolysis, membranes, fluidity, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

Search for novel antimicrobial agents, including plant-derived flavonoids, and evaluation of the mechanisms of their antibacterial activities are pivotal objectives. The goal of this study was to compare the antihemolytic activity of flavonoids, quercetin, naringenin and catechin against sheep erythrocyte lysis induced by α-hemolysin (αHL) produced by the Staphylococcus aureus strain NCTC 5655. We also sought to investigate the membrane-modifying action of the flavonoids. Lipophilic quercetin, but not naringenin or catechin, effectively inhibited the hemolytic activity of αHL at concentrations (IC50 = 65 ± 5 µM) below minimal inhibitory concentration values for S. aureus growth. Quercetin increased the registered bacterial cell diameter, enhanced the fluidity of the inner and surface regions of bacterial cell membranes and raised the rigidity of the hydrophobic region and the fluidity of the surface region of erythrocyte membranes. Our findings provide evidence that the antibacterial activities of the flavonoids resulted from a disorder in the structural organization of bacterial cell membranes, and the antihemolytic effect of quercetin was related to the effect of the flavonoid on the organization of the erythrocyte membrane, which, in turn, increases the resistance of the target cells (erythrocytes) to αHL and inhibits αHL-induced osmotic hemolysis due to prevention of toxin incorporation into the target membrane. We confirmed that cell membrane disorder could be one of the direct modes of antibacterial action of the flavonoids.

Published
2023
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45. High-resolution global population projections dataset developed with CMIP6 RCP and SSP scenarios for year 2010–2100

Author

Niklas Boke Olén and Veiko Lehsten

Subjects
Population, Scenarios, IPCC, Global, Modelling, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

We present a novel, global 30 arc seconds (∼1 km at the equator) population projection dataset covering each year from 2010 to 2100 that is consistent with both country level population and gridded urban fractions from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6). While IPCC population projections until 2100 are available at country level for Socio-Economic Pathways (SSPs), land cover (including the urban fraction) is only available for Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). To perform simulations of e.g., future supply and demand for agricultural products, fine scale projections of population density are needed for combinations of SSPs and RCPs. Therefore, we generated a 30 arc seconds dataset consistent with both SSPs and RCPs within the framework of the IPCC. This data set is useful in applications where spatially explicit projections of aspects of global change are investigated at a fine spatial scale. For example, if a link function between night-time lights and population density is found based on current satellite images and recent population density data, a projection of night-time light lights can be generated by using this link function with our projected population density. Such a projection can for example be used to evaluate the potential for future light pollution.

Published
2022
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