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3. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD: The Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).

Author

Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J., Anker, Stefan D., Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J., Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Erol, Çetin, Fagard, Robert, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ales, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Piepoli, Massimo F., Ponikowski, Piotr, Sirnes, Per Anton, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Tendera, Michal, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, De Backer, Guy, Sirnes, Per Anton, Ezquerra, Eduardo Alegria, Avogaro, Angelo, Badimon, Lina, Baranova, Elena, Baumgartner, Helmut, Betteridge, John, Ceriello, Antonio, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Gulba, Dietrich C., Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kjekshus, John K., Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lev, Eli, Mueller, Christian, Neyses, Ludwig, Nilsson, Peter M., Perk, Joep, Ponikowski, Piotr, Reiner, Željko, Sattar, Naveed, Schächinger, Volker, Scheen, André, Schirmer, Henrik, Strömberg, Anna, Sudzhaeva, Svetlana, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Viigimaa, Margus, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, and Xuereb, Robert G.

Published
2013
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4. Relationship of dose of background angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor to the benefits of candesartan in the Candesartan in heart failure: assessment of reduction in mortality and morbidity (CHARM)--added trial

Author

McMurray, John J.V., Young, James B., Dunlap, Mark E., Granger, Christopher B., Hainer, James, Michelson, Eric L., Earle, Steven, Olofsson, Bertil, Ostergren, Jan, Yusuf, Salim, Swedberg, Karl, and Pfeffer, Marc A.

Subjects
Angiotensin converting enzyme -- Research, Angiotensin converting enzyme -- Physiological aspects, Heart failure -- Research, Heart failure -- Care and treatment, Mortality -- Evaluation, Candesartan -- Research, Candesartan -- Physiological aspects, Health
Published
2006

5. Impact of candesartan on nonfatal myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death in patients with heart failure

Author

Demers, Catherine, McMurray, John J.V., Swedberg, Karl, Pfeffer, Marc A., Granger, Christopher B., Olofsson, Bertil, McKelvie, Robert S., Ostergren, Jan, Michelson, Eric L., Johansson, Peter A., Duolao Wang, and Yusuf, Salim

Subjects
Candesartan -- Dosage and administration, Candesartan -- Complications and side effects, Heart attack -- Drug therapy, Cardiac patients -- Medical examination
Abstract

A program is carried out with heart patients to study the effect of the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan on myocardial infarction (MI) and other coronary disorders. Findings prove that the danger of the combined outcome of cardiovascular death or nonfatal MI markedly decreases with candesartan.

Published
2005

6. Role of blood pressure and other variables in the differential cardiovascular event rates noted in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA)

Author

Poulter, Neil R., Wedel, Hans, Dahlof, Bjorn, Sever, Peter S., Beevers, D. Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T., Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, Ostergren, Jan, and Pocock, Stuart

Subjects
Hypertension -- Drug therapy, Hypertension -- Complications and side effects, Cardiovascular diseases -- Drug therapy, Cardiovascular diseases -- Patient outcomes, Antihypertensive drugs -- Evaluation
Published
2005

7. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Author

Mancia, Giuseppe, Fagard, Robert, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Redon, Josep, Zanchetti, Alberto, Böhm, Michael, Christiaens, Thierry, Cifkova, Renata, De Backer, Guy, Dominiczak, Anna, Galderisi, Maurizio, Grobbee, Diederick E., Jaarsma, Tiny, Kirchhof, Paulus, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., Laurent, Stéphane, Manolis, Athanasios J., Nilsson, Peter M., Ruilope, Luis Miguel, Schmieder, Roland E., Sirnes, Per Anton, Sleight, Peter, Viigimaa, Margus, Waeber, Bernard, Zannad, Faiez, Redon, Josep, Dominiczak, Anna, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Nilsson, Peter M., Burnier, Michel, Viigimaa, Margus, Ambrosioni, Ettore, Caufield, Mark, Coca, Antonio, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Schmieder, Roland E., Tsioufis, Costas, van de Borne, Philippe, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J., Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Erol, Cetin, Fagard, Robert, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ales, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Piepoli, Massimo F., Ponikowski, Piotr, Sirnes, Per Anton, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Tendera, Michal, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, Clement, Denis L., Coca, Antonio, Gillebert, Thierry C., Tendera, Michal, Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, Ambrosioni, Ettore, Anker, Stefan D., Bauersachs, Johann, Hitij, Jana Brguljan, Caulfield, Mark, De Buyzere, Marc, De Geest, Sabina, Derumeaux, Geneviève Anne, Erdine, Serap, Farsang, Csaba, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Gerc, Vjekoslav, Germano, Giuseppe, Gielen, Stephan, Haller, Herman, Hoes, Arno W., Jordan, Jens, Kahan, Thomas, Komajda, Michel, Lovic, Dragan, Mahrholdt, Heiko, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Ostergren, Jan, Parati, Gianfranco, Perk, Joep, Polonia, Jorge, Popescu, Bogdan A., Reiner, Željko, Rydén, Lars, Sirenko, Yuriy, Stanton, Alice, Struijker-Boudier, Harry, Tsioufis, Costas, van de Borne, Philippe, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, Volpe, Massimo, and Wood, David A.

Published
2013
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8. ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases: Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteriesThe Task Force on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Author

Tendera, Michal, Aboyans, Victor, Bartelink, Marie-Louise, Baumgartner, Iris, Clément, Denis, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Cremonesi, Alberto, De Carlo, Marco, Erbel, Raimund, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Heras, Magda, Kownator, Serge, Minar, Erich, Ostergren, Jan, Poldermans, Don, Riambau, Vincent, Roffi, Marco, Röther, Joachim, Sievert, Horst, van Sambeek, Marc, Zeller, Thomas, Bax, Jeroen, Auricchio, Angelo, Baumgartner, Helmut, Ceconi, Claudio, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, McDonagh, Theresa, Moulin, Cyril, Poldermans, Don, Popescu, Bogdan, Reiner, Zeljko, Sechtem, Udo, Sirnes, Per Anton, Torbicki, Adam, Vahanian, Alec, Windecker, Stephan, Kolh, Philippe, Torbicki, Adam, Agewall, Stefan, Blinc, Ales, Bulvas, Miroslav, Cosentino, Francesco, De Backer, Tine, Gottsäter, Anders, Gulba, Dietrich, Guzik, Tomasz J., Jönsson, Björn, Késmárky, Gábor, Kitsiou, Anastasia, Kuczmik, Waclaw, Larsen, Mogens Lytken, Madaric, Juraj, Mas, Jean-Louis, McMurray, John J. V., Micari, Antonio, Mosseri, Moris, Müller, Christian, Naylor, Ross, Norrving, Bo, Oto, Oztekin, Pasierski, Tomasz, Plouin, Pierre-Francois, Ribichini, Flavio, Ricco, Jean-Baptiste, Ruilope, Luis, Schmid, Jean-Paul, Schwehr, Udo, Sol, Berna G. M., Sprynger, Muriel, Tiefenbacher, Christiane, Tsioufis, Costas, and Van Damme, Hendrik

Published
2011
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11. ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases

Author

Tendera, Michal, Aboyans, Victor, Bartelink, Marie-Louise, Baumgartner, Iris, Clément, Denis, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Cremonesi, Alberto, De Carlo, Marco, Erbel, Raimund, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Heras, Magda, Kownator, Serge, Minar, Erich, Ostergren, Jan, Poldermans, Don, Riambau, Vincent, Roffi, Marco, Röther, Joachim, Sievert, Horst, van Sambeek, Marc, and Zeller, Thomas

Published
2012
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17. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. (Articles)

Author

Sever, Peter S, Dahlof, Bjorn, Poulter, Neil R, Wedel, Hans, Beevers, Gareth, Caulfield, Mark, Collins, Rory, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kristinsson, Arni, McInnes, Gordon T, Mehlsen, Jesper, Nieminen, Markku, O'Brien, Eoin, and Ostergren, Jan

Subjects
Cholesterol -- Measurement, Coronary heart disease -- Prevention, Hypertension -- Health aspects, Cookery for hypertensives
Published
2003

19. Patient perception of the effect of treatment with candesartan in heart failure. Results of the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme

Author

O'Meara, Eileen, Lewis, Eldrin, Granger, Chris, Dunlap, Mark E., McKelvie, Robert S., Probstfield, Jeffrey L., Young, James B., Michelson, Eric L., Ostergren, Jan, Carlsson, Jonas, Olofsson, Bertil, McMurray, John, Yusuf, Salim, Swedberg, Karl, and Pfeffer, Marc A.

Subjects
ANGIOTENSINS, HEART failure, THERAPEUTICS, HEART diseases, CARDIAC patients
Abstract

Abstract: Aims: To evaluate the effect of the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan on patients'' perception of symptoms, using the McMaster Overall treatment evaluation (OTE), in a broad spectrum of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods and results: Patients with symptomatic CHF, randomised in the CHARM Programme in North America (n=2498), were studied. OTE was assessed at baseline, at 6, 14 and 26 months and the patient''s final or closing visit. Patient''s status was classified as “improved (score +1 to +7)”, “unchanged (score 0)” or “deteriorated (score −1 to −7)” at the end of the study compared to baseline. Both a simple “last visit carried forward” (LVCF) analysis and “worst rank carried forward” (WRCF) analysis (where patients who died were allocated the worst OTE score) were used. In the LVCF analysis, compared to placebo, more candesartan patients improved (37.7% versus 33.5%) and fewer worsened (10.8% versus 12.0%) in OTE (p=0.017). The WRCF analysis also showed better overall OTE scores with candesartan compared to placebo (p=0.029). There was no heterogeneity in the response to candesartan between the CHARM component trials or across four exploratory sub-groups (age, sex, NYHA class and beta-blocker). Conclusions: Candesartan was shown to be better than placebo, when using the McMaster OTE to measure patient perception of treatment. More patients treated with candesartan reported improvement and fewer reported deterioration. This benefit was obtained when candesartan was added to extensive background therapy and is consistent with the benefits of candesartan on NYHA class, hospital admission for worsening heart failure and mortality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2005
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20. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensinconverting- enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial.

Author

McMurray, John J. V., ostergren, Jan, Swedberg, Karl, Granger, Christopher B., Held, Peter, Michelson, Eric L., Olofsson, Bertil, Yusuf, Salim, and Pfeffer, Marc A.

Subjects
*ACE inhibitors, *CHEMICAL inhibitors, *HEART failure, *HEART diseases, *THERAPEUTICS, *HOSPITALS, *CORONARY disease, *DRUGS, *PATIENTS, *MEDICAL care
Abstract

Background Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers have favourable effects on haemodynamic measurements, neurohumoral activity, and left-ventricular remodelling when added to angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We aimed to find out whether these drugs improve clinical outcome. Methods Between March, 1999, and November, 1999, we enrolled 2548 patients with New York Heart Association functional class II--IV CHF and left-ventricular ejection fraction 40% or lower, and who were being treated with ACE inhibitors. We randomly assigned patients candesartan (n=1276, target dose 32 mg once daily) or placebo (n=1272). At baseline, 55% of patients were also treated with blockers and 17% with spironolactone. The primary outcome of the study was the composite of cardiovascular death or hospital admission for CHF. Analysis was done by intention to treat. Findings The median follow-up was 41 months. 483 (38%) patients in the candesartan group and 538 (42%) in the placebo group experienced the primary outcome (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.85 [95% CI 0.75--0.96], p=0.011; covariate adjusted p=0.010). Candesartan reduced each of the components of the primary outcome significantly, as well as the total number of hospital admissions for CHF. The benefits of candesartan were similar in all predefined subgroups, including patients receiving baseline blocker treatment. Interpretation The addition of candesartan to ACE inhibitor and other treatment leads to a further clinically important reduction in relevant cardiovascular events in patients with CHF and reduced left-ventricular ejection fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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21. Effect of intravenous magnesium on heart rate and heart rate variability in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.

Author

Frick, Mats, Ostergren, Jan, Frick, M, Ostergren, J, and Rosenqvist, M

Subjects
*HEART beat, *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of magnesium, *ATRIAL fibrillation, *ATRIOVENTRICULAR node, *CLINICAL trials, *COMPARATIVE studies, *DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology, *INTRAVENOUS therapy, *MAGNESIUM, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *RESEARCH, *EVALUATION research, *RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *BLIND experiment
Abstract

The present double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of intravenous magnesium on heart rate and rate variability in 30 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. During standardized conditions, intraindividual variation in heart rate and rate variability was low in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and magnesium had no effect on heart rate or rate variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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22. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD.

Author

Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J., Anker, Stefan D., Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, and Tuomilehto, Jaakko

Published
2014
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25. Diastolic dysfunction in heart failure with preserved systolic function: need for objective evidence:results from the CHARM Echocardiographic Substudy-CHARMES.

Author

Persson H, Lonn E, Edner M, Baruch L, Lang CC, Morton JJ, Ostergren J, McKelvie RS, Investigators of the CHARM Echocardiographic Substudy-CHARMES, Persson, Hans, Lonn, Eva, Edner, Magnus, Baruch, Lawrence, Lang, Chim C, Morton, John J, Ostergren, Jan, and McKelvie, Robert S

Abstract

Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that diastolic dysfunction (DD) was an important predictor of cardiovascular (CV) death or heart failure (HF) hospitalization in a subset of patients (ejection fraction [EF] >40%) in the CHARM-Preserved study. Background: More than 40% of hospitalized patients with HF have preserved systolic function (HF-PSF), suggesting that DD may be responsible for the clinical manifestations of HF. Methods: Patients underwent Doppler echocardiographic examination that included assessment of pulmonary venous flow or determination of plasma NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide > or months after randomization to candesartan or placebo. The patients were classified into 1 of 4 diastolic function groups: normal, relaxation abnormality (mild dysfunction), pseudonormal (moderate dysfunction), and restrictive (severe dysfunction). Results: There were 312 patients in the study, mean age was 66 +/- 11 years, EF was 50 +/- 10%, and 34% were women. The median follow-up was 18.7 months. Diastolic dysfunction was found in 67% of classified patients (n = 293), and moderate and severe DD were identified in 44%. Moderate and severe DD had a poor outcome compared with normal and mild DD (18% vs. 5%, p < 0.01). Diastolic dysfunction, age, diabetes, previous HF, and atrial fibrillation were univariate predictors of outcome. In multivariate analysis, moderate (hazard ratio [HR] 3.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2 to 11.1) and severe DD (HR 5.7, 95% CI 1.4 to 24.0) remained the only independent predictors (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Objective evidence of DD was found in two-thirds of HF-PSF patients. Moderate and severe DD, which were found in less than one-half of the patients, were important predictors of adverse outcome. The results demonstrate the prognostic significance and need for objective evidence of DD in HF-PSF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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26. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARMPreserved Trial.

Author

Yusuf, Salim, Pfeffer, Marc A., Swedberg, Karl, Granger, Christopher B., Held, Peter, McMurray, John J. V., Michelson, Eric L., Olofsson, Bertil, and ostergren, Jan

Subjects
*HEART failure, *HEART diseases, *THERAPEUTICS, *MORTALITY, *HYPERTENSION, *CLINICAL trials, *MEDICAL research, *PATIENTS, *HOSPITALS
Abstract

Background Half of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), but few treatments have specifically been assessed in such patients. In previous studies of patients with CHF and low LVEF or vascular disease and preserved LVEF, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system is beneficial. We investigated the effect of addition of an angiotensin-receptor blocker to current treatments. Methods Between March, 1999, and July, 2000, we randomly assigned 3023 patients candesartan (n=1514, target dose 32 mg once daily) or matching placebo (n=1509). Patients had New York Heart Association functional class II--IV CHF and LVEF higher than 40%. The primary outcome was cardiovascular death or admission to hospital for CHF. Anaysis was done by intention to treat. Findings Median follow-up was 36.6 months. 333 (22%) patients in the candesartan and 366 (24%) in the placebo group experienced the primary outcome (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.89 [95% CI 0.77--1.03], p=0.118; covariate adjusted 0.86 [0.74--1.0], p=0.051). Cardiovascular death did not differ between groups (170 vs 170), but fewer patients in the candesartan group than in the placebo group were admitted to hospital for CHF once (230 vs 279, p=0.017) or multiple times. Composite outcomes that included non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke showed similar results to the primary composite (388 vs 429; unadjusted 0.88 [0.77--1.01], p=0.078; covariate adjusted 0.86 [0.75--0.99], p=0.037). Interpretation Candesartan has a moderate impact in preventing admissions for CHF among patients who have heart failure and LVEF higher than 40%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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27. 1069-113 Cause of death across full spectrum of ventricular function in patients with heart failure: The CHARM study.

Author

Solomon, Scott, Olofsson, Bertil, Finn, Peter, Skali, Hicham, Zornoff, Leonardo, Kenchaiah, Satish, Anavekar, Nagesh, Ostergren, Jan, Michelson, Eric, Sampson, Uche, Anavekar, Pratima, Yusuf, Salim, McMurray, John, Granger, Chris, and Pfeffer, Marc

Subjects
*HEART failure treatment, *HOSPITAL care, *MORTALITY, *CLINICAL trials, *DISEASE progression
Published
2004
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