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One of the oldest oilseed crops is sesame, which is mainly cultivated due to its valuable oleic/linolenic fatty acid ratio. The application of precise irrigation and fertilisation is crucial to ensure the continuity and productivity of sesame production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. This study aimed to determine the effect of drip irrigation and nitrogen levels on sesame's oil and fatty acid composition. For this purpose, four nitrogen doses (N0: 0 kg ha−1, N30: 30 kg ha−1, N60: 60 kg ha−1 and N90: 90 kg ha−1) and three different irrigation water levels (I50, I75 and I100, which correspond to 50, 75 and 100% evaporation levels from the evaporation of the Class A pan) were applied. The highest oleic acid content (43.06%) was obtained for the I75N90 treatment. In the case of linoleic fatty acid, the greatest value (43.66%) was for I50N0 treatment. The effects of irrigation and nitrogen doses on oleic acid and linoleic acid content were inverse of each other. An increase in applied irrigation water increased the linoleic acid content. However, it caused a decrease in oleic acid content. Increasing the nitrogen dose increased the oleic acid content and caused a decrease in linoleic acid content. Furthermore, this study showed that the I50N60 treatment (50% Epan and a rate of 60 kg N ha−1) is the most effective for achieving high grain and oil yields in sesame cultivation. The results obtained provide practical guidance for farmers in sesame cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different mixture ratios of sorghum (S) and cluster bean (CB) on fermentation parameters, nutritional composition, and gas-methane production of mixture silages. Five different mixture ratios (100%S, 75%S+25%CB, 50%S+50CB, 25%S+75%CB and 100%CB) were used in this study. Effects of mixture ratios on entire parameters were highly significant (p ≤ 0.01). Decreasing ADF and NDF ratios and increasing crude protein, ash and oil contents and condensed tannin levels were observed with increasing cluster bean ratios of the mixtures. However, cluster beans reduced WSC and lactic acid and increased pH, butyric acid and ethanol contents. The lowest Fleig score was obtained from cluster bean silage (100%CB). The lowest gas-methane production was obtained from cluster bean silage and the greatest ME and NEL values were obtained from sorghum silage (100%S). The best OMD values were obtained from sorghum silage and 75%S +25%CB mixture silage. The present findings revealed that a 50%S+50%CB mixture yielded high nutritional composition and good fermentation parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of fossil fuels for generating power has leaded to the reduction of fossil fuel resources and many adverse influences involving climate change and environmental pollution. Solar energy has a potential to provide eco-friendly energy with a great energy supply for producing heat and electricity. Basic parts of the system are the collector, chimney and turbine. The collector is a vital component of the system and its geometrical features noticeably influence the power plant efficiency. In the current work, a three dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a SCPP based on the Manzanares prototype is performed to scrutinize the impact of collector entrance height (He) ranging from 0.75 m to 2 m on the solar chimney power output. Computational model is developed by employing RNG k-ε turbulence and discrete ordinates (DO) coupled with solar ray tracing models through ANSYS Fluent software. The model is validated using measured data published in the literature. The numerical results reveal that reducing He improves maximum velocity (Vmax), power output and pressure difference in the turbine at the expense of decreasing air mass flow rate. The highest velocity of 19.45 m/s is achieved with He = 0.75 m and Vmax enhances by 36.20% compared to base model with He = 1.85 m at 1000 W/m2. Besides this configuration provides the maximum power output of 66.51 kW and augments power output to 31.74% compared to the base case at 1000 W/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]