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Objective: Examine associations between a range of sleep problems and academic performance in a national sample of collegiate athletes. Participants: Data were obtained from the National College Health Assessment of US college/university students from 2011-2014 (N = 8,312 collegiate athletes). Methods: Univariate comparisons for all sleep variables and demographics were stratified across GPA, using one-way ANOVA for continuous variables and chi-square for categorical variables. Multinomial logistic regression models, with GPA as outcome (reference = A) and sleep variable as predictor, were examined and adjusted for age, sex, and survey year. Ordinal regression examined a 1-level change in GPA associated with each sleep variable, adjusted for covariates. Results: Sleep difficulty was associated with increased likelihood of B/C averages. Initial-insomnia was associated with increased likelihood of B/C, and D/F averages. Tiredness was associated with increased likelihood of B/C, and D/F averages. Conclusions: Sleep problems are highly prevalent and associated with poorer academic performance in collegiate athletes.

This article emphasizes the importance of using subjective measures, such as sleep diaries, to assess insomnia. It argues that objective measures like polysomnography (PSG) are not suitable for diagnosing or treating insomnia, as they are only effective for sleep disorders with underlying pathologies. Sleep diaries are considered more accurate because they capture an individual's perception of sleep continuity over multiple nights. The article also discusses the limitations of objective measures, such as EEG-based devices and wearables, in accurately assessing sleep continuity in individuals with insomnia. It concludes that until a pathophysiological measure is discovered for insomnia, sleep diaries remain the optimal method for assessing sleep continuity disturbance. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) is often recommended as the best measure for assessing insomnia, but it has its own limitations. Insomnia is a psychophysiological condition that can be evaluated using a combination of subjective and objective measures, and it is important to understand the strengths and limitations of each method and explore discrepancies between them. The document also provides a list of references covering various aspects of insomnia, including its impact on neuropsychological performance, cognitive impairment, pharmacotherapy for older adults, perception of sleep, use of placebos in treatment, actigraphy as a measurement tool, and assessment and management of insomnia. These references offer a comprehensive overview of current research and understanding of insomnia. [Extracted from the article]

The present study investigated the roles birthplace and acculturation play in sleep estimates among Hispanic/Latino population at the US–Mexico border. Data were collected in 2016, from N = 100 adults of Mexican descent from the city of Nogales, AZ, at the US–Mexico border. Sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index categorized as none, mild, moderate, and severe, and Multivariable Apnea Prediction Index (MAP) categorized as never, infrequently, and frequently. Acculturation was measured with the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican-Americans II (ARSMA-II). The sample consisted of majority Mexican-born (66%, vs. born in the USA 38.2%). Being born in the USA was associated with 55 fewer minutes of nighttime sleep (p =.011), and 1.65 greater PSQI score (p =.031). Compared to no symptoms, being born in the USA was associated with greater likelihood of severe difficulty falling asleep (OR = 8.3, p =.030) and severe difficulty staying asleep (OR = 11.2, p =.050), as well as decreased likelihood of breathing pauses during sleep (OR = 0.18, P =.020). These relationships remained significant after Mexican acculturation was entered in these models. However, greater Anglo acculturation appears to mediate one fewer hour of sleep per night, poorer sleep quality, and reporting of severe difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep. Among individuals of Mexican descent, being born in the USA (vs Mexico) is associated with about 1 hour less sleep per night, worse sleep quality, more insomnia symptoms, and less mild sleep apnea symptoms. These relationships are influenced by acculturation, primarily the degree of Anglo rather than the degree of Mexican acculturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundObesity and short sleep duration are significant public health issues. Current evidence suggests that these conditions are associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and premature mortality. Increased interest in the potential link between obesity and short sleep duration, and its health consequences, has been driven by the apparent parallel increase in the prevalence of both conditions in recent decades, their overlapping association with cardiometabolic outcomes, and the potential causal connection between the two health issues. The SLUMBRx (Short Sleep Undermines Cardiometabolic Health) study seeks to contribute to the development of a comprehensive adiposity-sleep model while laying the groundwork for a future research program that will be designed to prevent and treat adiposity- and sleep-related cardiometabolic disease risk factors. ObjectiveThis SLUMBRx study aims to address 4 topics pertinent to the adiposity-sleep hypothesis: the relationship between adiposity and sleep duration; sex-based differences in the relationship between adiposity and sleep duration; the influence of adiposity indices and sleep duration on cardiometabolic outcomes; and the role of socioecological factors as effect modifiers in the relationship between adiposity indices, sleep, and cardiometabolic outcomes. MethodsSLUMBRx will employ a large-scale survey (n=1000), recruiting 159 participants (53 normal weight, 53 overweight, and 53 obese) to be assessed in 2 phases. ResultsSLUMBRx was funded by the National Institutes of Health, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute through a K01 grant award mechanism (1K01HL145128-01A1) on July 23, 2019. Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval for the research project was sought and obtained on July 10, 2019. Phase 1 of SLUMBRx, the laboratory-based component of the study, will gather objective adiposity indices (air displacement plethysmography and anthropometrics) and cardiometabolic data (blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis, and a blood-based biomarker). Phase 2 of SLUMBRx, a 1-week, home-based component of the study, will gather sleep-related data (home sleep testing or sleep apnea, actigraphy, and sleep diaries). During phase 2, detailed demographic and socioecological data will be collected to contextualize hypothesized adiposity and sleep-associated cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Collection and analyses of these data will yield information necessary to customize future observational and intervention research. ConclusionsPrecise implementation of the SLUMBRx protocol promises to provide objective and empirical data on the interaction between body composition and sleep duration. The hypotheses that will be tested by SLUMBRx are important for understanding the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease and for developing future public health interventions to prevent its conception and treat its consequences. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/27139