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Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional is the property of Cadernos de Terapia Ocupacional da UFSCar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The media have played a fundamental role in the spread of sports activities and, particularly, in the durability of certain disciplines as massive phenomena of global reach. But in addition to this, not only the mass media, but also the new digital media and social networks constitute key spaces for the crystallization of certain imaginaries and their stereotypes associated with certain practices, in this case sports. This article will analyze the stereotype of the "serious runner" shaped in the weekly television broadcast of a multinational sports network, ESPN Run. Every episode of this half-hour program usually focuses on a particular race and on the biography as a runner of an individual participant in the same event. Such runners are usually presented as exemplary cases of a lifestyle characterized by a dense set of ethical and aesthetic precepts. These exemplary runners are generally amateurs who exalt their firm commitment to the supposedly virtuous act of running, which also operates as a criterion of identity self-ascription. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anthropological discipline, and particularly the density of the ethnographic method, consititute essential conceptual tools in the training of diverse humanistic bachelor's degrees as well as the ones related to the health field. Specifically, in this last area the anthropological perspective is not usually included among the highly valued knowledge implemented by health agents who are used to trusting more, for instance, in "medical science". In this text, a pedagogic experience of teaching anthropology applied to health field is described, considering the implementation of an elective seminar for advanced students in an Occupational Therapy bachelor's degree. In an auto ethnographic key, the impact of this training is analysed taking into account that, despite being considered "holistic" in its conception of health and human being, Occupational Therapy is highly attached to biomedical knowledge and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of methodological «recipes» and the appeal to various forms of political correctness in the study of different groups are temptations to which a large number of social scientists often embrace. In this article, we attempt to develop a critical revision of the way in which some of these common places of social research operate, based on «methodological» principles as dogmas in the abstract. In the same vein, we also describe, by appealing to research examples, frequent impostures of the «right» way that abound in academic discourses, as is sometimes the case with researchers who define themselves as «militants» when they study subaltern sectors. Consequently, in this paper some tricks are developed, as defined by the sociologist Howard Becker, who question formalities, tendencies and agreements implicit in the scientific-academic work that do not precisely stimulate creativity. The application forms that circulate in the scientific system, the «methodological» subjects, the guidelines for the evaluation of academic production and the intellectual impostures, configure a diversity of situations that often promote comfortable routines linked more to rigidity than rigor. Although this text is constructed in perspective with the Argentine case, it refers to practices that are also present in the diverse scientific traditions in the social sciences. Such approaches, guided by political correctness, often result in asymmetric assessments that sacrifice creativity because they to lie down in comfortable routines that are usually celebrated in the academic environment. On the contrary, other types of academic proposals are confronted with the censorship of «normal science», which in certain contexts are accompanied by a set of moral and ideological judgments that can dissemble creativity, open discussion of ideas and exploration of problematic empirical vacuums. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents three cases of theoretical developments in the Argentinean social sciences during the 1960s and 1970s. I aim at analyzing the main conceptual (and, eventually, methodological) foundations that characterize three contrasting examples of the circulation of ideas among different disciplinary traditions (in this case anthropology and sociology), and their appropriation in peripherals contexts. The peripheral nature of social sciences in Argentina, which was finally institutionalized in the last years of the decade of 1950s, produced a favorable environment not only for the eclectic and innovative adaptations that were elaborated in relation to mainstream central traditions, but also for proposals that were presented as revolutionary and transformative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social sciences in Latin America experienced, during the 1960s, a great number of debates concerning the very foundations of different academic fields. In the case of Argentina, research programs such as Proyecto Marginalidad constituted fundamental elements of those controversies, which were characteristic of disciplinary developments within the social sciences, particularly sociology. Mainly influenced by the critical context that had been deepened by Project Camelot, Argentinian social scientists engaged in debates about the theories that should be chosen in order to account for ‘national reality’, the origins of funding for scientific research, or the applied dimension of science. In this sense, the practices of philanthropic organizations like the Ford Foundation stimulated considerably the ideological passions of that period; those practices also contributed to fragmentation in various academic groups. In this way, the problem of American imperialism, and its consequent economic and cultural dependencies, were present in the controversies of academic fields whose historic evolutions cannot be fully understood without considering their strong links with national and international politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process by means of which the Provincial University of Mar del Plata was nationalized (absorbing as well the private Catholic University <>) took place within a context of hard governmental and para-governmental repression. The degrees in social sciences (which had promoted the foundation of the Faculty of Humanities in the state university) were completely eliminated. After the closure of inscriptions in 1975, two years later this faculty would only offer the degree programs that had been developed in the catholic and private university: History, Literature, Geography, and English. This article accounts for the sociopolitical context of the university life of that period, and it focuses on specific institutional activities and contending actors in this concrete scenario. Some of the principal axes to be considered in the analyzed case are: (1) complex political disputes in the Province of Buenos Aires, (2) clashes within the peronist militancy in university, and (3) proper features of Mar del Plata City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Migratorios Latinoamericanos is the property of Centro de Estudios Migratorios Latinoamericanos (CEMLA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)