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In the emotional narrative of sports event tourism, visual communication is key to persuading media consumers. Our aim is to examine the interplay between context (sports tourism) and text (visual and written) to shed light on the storytelling of blogs and online articles regarding sports tourism. Results show that the narrative sequence of the images, supported by text, highlights central values of sports, such as leadership, teamwork, and respect, in which the host city integrates. The emotions reflected in the corpus images point to the construction of a well-defined national identity in tourism social media when applied to sports events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This critical commentary focuses on the research in Event Management on economic sustainability and events. We begin with a broad definition of an economically sustainable event that builds on economic impact to include social equity, livability, and community well-being, and accounts for environmental and social costs. We consider the methods, approaches, and types of events represented in the journal that lack diversity. The findings indicate that quantitative approaches predominate, focused on the direct and indirect contributions of visitor expenditure. Social, natural, and community capital have received less attention. The review calls for greater consideration of the economic sustainability of events beyond the tourism contribution; longitudinal studies on the impacts of events on the economic well-being of communities; understanding how events impact equity; correcting research bias towards Western developed economies by examining different contexts; exploring multiple event types; and investigating the role of planning in realizing economically sustainable events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of safety and security literature has been notably accompanied with the rise of modern terrorism, above all after the attacks to World Trade Center in 2001. This was the first bloody incident where four commercial airplanes have been weaponized against the most powerful nation in the planet. Like the recent COVID-19 pandemic, 9/11 has changed not only geopolitics but travel behavior as never before. In this grim context, the present conceptual article focuses and examines the evolution of safety???security literature head by Event Management , as fertile ground in Event Management and Tourism studies, because of terrorism. We identify three academic schools that in different stages make a seminal contribution to the studied field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Game events, such as game conventions and esports tournaments, have gained tremendous appeal as thriving tourist attractions. Despite this, there has been limited investigation of this emerging phenomenon in the existing literature on event tourism and event management. This study proposes a structural model to explore the relationships between the identity and passion of video game players and their behavioral intention to participate in on-site game events. The model specifies identity centrality and harmonious passion as antecedents, with gaming social capital serving as a mediator. Our findings reveal that whereas the centrality of identity as a gamer did not directly and significantly influence players' event attendance intention, its indirect effect through gaming social capital was significantly positive. Harmonious passion, on the other hand, both directly and indirectly affected players' behavior at the significance level. In the analysis, gaming social capital functioned as a reliable mediator for bridging these relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Event management is a growing sector in the tourism industry and one of the fastest growing industries in the world. The sector contributes significantly to global economies and provides substantial employment opportunities. Events are spaces for social interaction, education, leisure and opportunities. More recently, interest is being placed in making events accessible, yet the emerging body of research on accessibility, inclusion and diversity in events is still scarce. The objective of this paper is to contribute to understanding the accessibility of large events in an increasingly technology-dependent industry. With this purpose in mind, an evaluation of the accessibility of the Expo 2020 in Dubai has been conducted. Expos are events that showcase the latest technologies and innovation, are attended by million visitors and have hefty budgets. These factors make these events the ideal breeding ground for the implementation of advanced technologies. The study adopts a case study approach and draws on data from observation, in-depth interviews and online, qualitative questionnaires. The participants are people with disabilities (PwDs), the organizations in charge of the accessibility of the Expo and staff that worked at the event—some of whom were also PwDs. The experiences of PwDs at the event, the accessibility provision in place and the challenges and insights of accessibility experts involved are discussed, as well as the implications and recommendations for managing the accessibility of large events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer active participation (CP) is crucial for creating valuable experiences in tourism and event contexts. However, previous studies have focused exclusively on the physical and psychological aspects of CP, neglecting other dimensions. Moreover, a comprehensive understanding of CP has been limited due to the lack of empirical development in the context of events, particularly in terms of its drivers and consequences. Filling these gaps, this study first adopts a holistic approach to CP, encompassing physical, cognitive, emotional, and social dimensions. Second, drawing from self-determination theory, the study investigates the effect of perceived psychological benefits—autonomy, competence, and relatedness, as drivers of CP in event contexts. Lastly, it explores whether CP leads to higher behavioral intention, including revisiting and recommending the event. The conceptual model was tested empirically with a sample of 320 attendees at two major ski-flying events in 2022, hosted in Norway and Slovenia. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, revealing that autonomy and relatedness significantly influence CP, while competence does not. Furthermore, CP significantly impacts behavioral intentions. The study highlights that perceived psychological benefits may not consistently drive CP across various settings, acknowledging the need to consider individual and contextual factors in event studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an overview of the current state of academic research in event-tourism and its impact on the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs). Through a systematic review and bibliometric analysis of 159 articles, this study reveals a moderate alignment between the literature on sustainable event tourism and the UN SDGs. However, certain SDGs, such as No Poverty, Zero Hunger, and Gender Equality, have limited research attention in this context. This study also sheds light on under-researched stakeholders including sponsors, associations, and academic institutions. Drawing on the theory of change proposed by the UN Development Group and stakeholder analysis, the findings presented in this study serve as a bridge between theoretical frameworks and real-world applications. This study provides tangible solutions and strategies for aligning event-tourism practices with the principles and targets outlined in the UN SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agritourism and rural tourism represent an essential growing sector in certain EU regions, particularly in restructured and rebranded Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) like Romania that display important rural areas and face important societal and economic changes. The rapid growth of rural tourism activities in the South Bukovina region (historically overlapping most of Suceava County) led, in the new legislative frame, to the establishment of the first regional Destination Management Organization (DMO) in Romania. By an exploratory qualitative, mixed-method case study approach, this study underscores important factors for tourism development in the region, outlining rural and agritourism variables integrated into the public authorities' discourse. The paper innovatively focuses on the semantic analysis of online newspaper media texts and videos, complementarily analyzed by appropriate software solutions. The main results emphasize the factors for tourism development in the area through a dual cluster centered around the multilevel governance and tourism management structures represented by public authorities on the one hand and the projects, investments, and EU funding on the other. Key stakeholders' opinion underscored public–private partnerships, supportive administrative structures, tourism events and various natural and cultural resources as sustainable elements that contribute to the successful development of tourism in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Only a few studies on large sports tourism explore motorsport events such as the Moto Grand Prix. The present study addresses this gap by examining the factors influencing visitors' satisfaction and intention to revisit related to the large sports event of MotoGP, Indonesia. The data were collected from visitors who had attended the MotoGP event in Indonesia using an online questionnaire with purposive sampling. The partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was applied in this study to analyze the data. The findings indicate that hospitality, accessibility, and attraction significantly influenced visitor satisfaction at the MotoGP sports event in Mandalika, Indonesia. However, the factors of hospitality, infrastructure, accessibility, and attraction are insignificant where it concerns visitors' intention to revisit. Moreover, satisfaction successfully influences visitors to revisit the MotoGP event in Indonesia. This study contributes to research on sports event management in large sports events by examining the factors that influence satisfaction and intention to revisit in the context of the MotoGP sports event, and contributes both theoretically and practically to research on sports events and tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban marketing with culture-led urban development has a growing importance for contemporary cities. In a global competition, cities must stand out and attract tourism, investment, and cultural activities. Consequently, their image should be constantly improved. City branding provides strategies for enhancing a city's public image – thus, becoming more and more attractive. Events and festivals, like popular music festivals, offer valuable opportunities for promoting cities and boosting tourism. The aim of this research is to explore the potential of music festivals in building city image and integrating it into the broader branding processes. The results are based on semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire survey. The findings support the hypothesis that festivals can significantly raise destination awareness, and shape image, and through them, a wider audience can be reached. Festival uniqueness and appropriate venue choices facilitate seamless integration into the host city 's tourism – thus decision-makers should pay attention to this issue and facilitate coordination between stakeholders.

This research aims to assess the climatic temporal suitability over the year and identify the appropriate season for open-air tourism in ten Romanian cities. It was evaluated using the Enhanced Tourism Climatic Index on a temporal scale of one day and then aggregated to 10 days over 61 years (1961–2021). Daily mean and maximum temperature, mean and minimum relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation, and sunshine hours were employed in the investigation. The Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope were used for trend detection in the frequency, season duration, and first/last suitable day during the year for outdoor tourism. Acceptable or better weather conditions usually begin in the last part of April and end in mid-October, with Good or better conditions lasting between 260 and 310 days/year. The trend shows a shift of Good conditions earlier in the year (0.3–9.0 days/decade), resulting in a longer season duration (0.8–13.0 days/decade) for open-air activities. The trend is statistically significant mainly for the extra-Carpathian regions. Big differences in open-air events number during the climatically suitable season have been identified among the cities considered (2–19 events/year). This study is useful for better planning open-air events and activities for tourism and recreation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of the 21st century, various tourism crisis events have negatively impacted the global tourism industry. This study proposes a research model grounded in the Stimulus–Organism–Response theory to explore how external stimuli influence individuals and help identify factors influencing elderly individuals' willingness to participate in forest-based health tourism during and after tourism crisis events, considering the global aging trend. From 20 December 2023 to 15 January 2024, we collected 429 valid questionnaires from Chinese older adult participants engaged in forest-based health tourism in Guizhou Province. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and bootstrapping techniques were employed to analyze data. The results indicate that tourism crisis events, primarily in the form of geological disasters, are significant antecedent variables influencing the willingness of Chinese older adults to engage in forest-based health tourism. Furthermore, destination image and perceived value serve as individual mediators and function as chained mediators. The results enhance our understanding of the complex relationship between tourism crisis events and the willingness of older Chinese adults to travel while also revealing deeper underlying mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigates the factors influencing decision-making intentions for sports tourism destinations, employing the theoretical frameworks of perceived value and destination image. Utilizing an online survey and purposive sampling methodology, researchers obtained 417 valid questionnaires from tourists with experience in sports tourism in Chengdu. The collected data were subsequently analysed employing structural equation modelling techniques. Functional value, social value, and emotional value--representing the three dimensions of perceived value--positively impact attitudes and intentions toward sports tourism in Chengdu. Furthermore, the perceived destination image of sports events, encompassing both cognitive and affective aspects, exerts a comparable influence. Additionally, attitude toward sports tourism functions as a significant mediator in this relationship. This research contributes to the theoretical development of perceived value and perceived destination image within the context of sports tourism decision-making. The results provide crucial recommendations for Chengdu to bolster its sports tourism sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sought to determine how South African sport tourism stakeholders responded to the COVID-19 pandemic, looking at sustainable pathways to building a resilient sport event tourism sector. In-depth semi-structured interviews with 28 sport event tourism stakeholders revealed that, in response to the pandemic, there was unprecedented collaboration between stakeholders, particularly concerning joint funding initiatives, collective marketing strategies and reviewing of contractual partnerships. Furthermore, there is a lack of relevant policy to guide stakeholders through recovery and the mitigation of long-term negative impacts. The current study is the first of its kind globally and in South Africa, viewing sport event tourism through the lens of resilience and stakeholder management, and providing recommendations on stakeholder collaboration and policy development for sustainable practices and management, ensuring the future resilience of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study develops an integrated framework for the development of sport tourism, using Cameroon as a case study. A qualitative research approach was used to critically analyse existing sport tourism frameworks in the Global North and Global South contexts to draw key comparisons for the contrasting economies therein. Documentary analysis with in-depth semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in sport and tourism was conducted. Findings reveal that the sport tourism sector has great potential to make a meaningful socioeconomic contribution to economies in the region through interlinkages. For sustainable sports tourism to contribute to government priorities around regional development, global competitiveness, infrastructural development and community development, an integrated framework is needed. The study has implications for policy and planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study intends to investigate how smart tourism technology usage helps in creating memorable experiences during a visit and whether it leads to building a positive image toward the destination, creating future intentions to revisit and recommend to others. The study is conducted in the context of Kochi Muziris Biennale. Data was collected through questionnaires from a total of 221 event participants. The study has applied PLS-SEM to test the research model with the help of SmartPLS4. The results reveal that smart tourism technology leads to creating memorable experiences, and the memorable experience mediates the enhancement of destination image and revisit intentions. It shows that smart tourism technology is not solely creating an impression on the destination but it is a factor in building the same. The study provides practical and theoretical implications to the literature of event tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism resort events allow mass tourists to intervene to establish resort reputations among other destinations. From the locus of attribution theory perspective, this paper is the first to explore tourists defending behavior toward resorts' reputations through destination social responsibility and information adequacy lenses. Through questioning 240 tourists in the Red Sea resorts, the study found that defending is a post-attribution behavior. The study found that tourists who internally (vs. externally) attribute the event outcomes tend (vs. ignore) to defend the Red Sea resorts' reputation. Nevertheless, resorts' reputation could maintain defending behavior in case of external attribution with the presence of their perception of resorts' social responsibility and information adequacy. Such defending behavior approach enables crucial managerial implications for the Red Sea resort managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural events and festivals play a key role in shaping the world's cultural tourism landscape. This article examines the multifaceted impact of cultural events and festivals on cultural tourism in economic, social, cultural and environmental dimensions. A comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies highlights the important contribution of cultural events and festivals to the tourism industry and local communities. Cultural events and festivals have become important drivers of cultural tourism, offering unique experiences that attract tourists while shaping the identity and vitality of local communities. This article examines the multifaceted impact of cultural events and festivals on both cultural tourism and local communities, focusing on economic, social, cultural and environmental dimensions. Through extensive literature and case studies, this study highlights the various ways in which cultural events and festivals contribute to tourism development and community well-being, addressing the challenges and opportunities of sustainable management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital information plays a crucial role in shaping tourists' expectations and impressions of potential destinations and activities. This study explores how perceptions of digital information vary across different tourism experience types (adventure, leisure, cultural) and examines the complex interactions between digital information perception and tourism engagement. A survey was conducted among tourists actively participating in various tourism types to collect data on their digital information consumption habits and their influence on their overall perceptions. The findings reveal that leisure and adventure tourists demonstrate a stronger initial reliance on digital information compared to cultural tourists. However, all tourism types exhibit negative interaction effects, suggesting diminishing returns of digital information as engagement increases. Specifically, leisure and adventure tourism show stronger positive main effects on digital information perception compared to cultural tourism. Interestingly, leisure and adventure tourism also display more pronounced negative interaction effects than cultural tourism. These insights suggest that destination marketers should employ nuanced, personalized strategies catered to specific tourism types, considering the varying levels of digital information reliance and the changing needs of tourists as their engagement progresses. For leisure and adventure tourism, this may involve front-loading comprehensive digital information, while cultural tourism may benefit from a more consistent information flow throughout the experience. These tailored approaches could enhance destination brand affinity and improve the overall tourist experience across different tourism segments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This research aims to investigate the motivations and perspectives of festival tourism in Northern Cyprus, emphasizing its economic, cultural, and social impacts in the post-pandemic era. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative approach was used to find out themes from semi-structured face-to-face interviews with twenty visitors who attended various festivals in North Cyprus. Findings: The results of this research uncover that festivals considerably contribute to the local economy by attracting tourists, which boosts sales for local businesses and promotes traditional Cypriot cuisine. Additionally, festivals play a crucial role in preserving and promoting cultural heritage through traditional music, dance, and crafts, fostering community engagement and cultural exchange. The study also identifies key challenges and opportunities, such as the need for improved marketing strategies, enhanced infrastructure, and sustainable practices to mitigate environmental impacts. Originality/value: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of festival tourism in Northern Cyprus, offering novel insights into its economic, cultural, and social impacts while proposing innovative strategies to enhance its post-pandemic recovery and sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study examines the international literature on sports events published between 1981 and 2024 within the framework of specific parameters. Design/methodology/approach: The data were analyzed using quantitative and bibliometric analyses. Studies related to sports events were scanned through the Scopus database, and 1,072 studies were evaluated. Findings: It has been revealed that the highest number of studies related to sports events were published in 2021, with Tichaawa, T.M. being the author with the most publications. Griffith University conducted the most studies on this topic, and the United States had the highest number of publications. Additionally, the findings indicate that the number of studies on sports events is increasing, with more studies being conducted in business and social sciences. Regarding keyword usage frequency, the studies focus on destination image, economic impact, and sustainability. Clustering analysis results show that the studies are divided into four clusters, focusing on sports, tourism, and tourism development. Research limitations/implications: Due to methodological limitations, the results of bibliometric analysis generally focus on metrics related to articles, sources, and authors. Another limitation is the examination of studies in the context of tourism that are published in the international literature and accessible only through the Scopus database in English. An additional limitation is that the publications analyzed in this study are specifically on sports events. This study aims to fill a gap in the field by examining sports event studies in the international literature, thereby providing researchers with a holistic perspective. It is considered significant as it will offer a different viewpoint on bibliometric studies related to sports events and sports tourism in the international literature, both in terms of the parameters used in the study and the study's focus. Originality/value: It is believed to be important because it is the first bibliometric study explicitly conducted on sports events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Legitimacy is a classic theme, quite present in organisational studies in general, but in the field of tourism it still has room to advance. For that reason, this research seeks to delimit the concept of legitimacy and adapt it to the context of tourism events; and seeks to validate a measurement instrument that allows to evaluate of its recognition in the imagination of residents, and to evaluate the impacts of this construct on residents' trust in the organisers of Brazilian Oktoberfest, on the negative externalities of those events and, ultimately, on the achievement of residents' loyalty. Design/methodology/approach: The locus of the research are the cities of Blumenau, Santa Catarina and Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Catarina, both located in southern Brazil, whose residents answered an online questionnaire about the legitimacy of the Oktoberfest held there. A total of 365 valid questionnaires were collected, tabulated in statistical software and interpreted using exploratory-confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Findings: The results show that festival legitimacy is a theoretical construct that can be measured as either a first-order or second-order factor, consisting of three factors, called moral legitimacy, pragmatic legitimacy and cognitive legitimacy. Originality/value: This research provides a valid and reliable tool for assessing local residents' acceptance of ethno-cultural festivals. It also shows variations in the perception of legitimacy, demonstrating that this can influence other aspects of residents' perception of ethnocultural events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To maximize the economic benefits, a priori, the destination's strategic objectives must be defined, and the design of actions to achieve them through the event must be planned, implemented, and analyzed. Therefore, this investigation aimed to analyze the strategic economic leverage developed for two international open water events considering the profile of their nonresident spectators (NRS). This study adopted a mixed research methodology, performing a qualitative and quantitative analysis. Data collection combined documental research, direct observation, semistructured interviews, and questionnaires. The actions implemented in the events covered the short- and long-term economic strategic objectives. Yet, none of the events' attributes was associated with NRS' city recommendation. Additionally, accommodation and food/beverage categories concentrated most of NRS??? expenditures. To activate NRS' spending in entertainment and local commerce, more creativity is needed than the simple distribution of tourist services information. Also, strategic economic leverage should design actions to increase local companies networking, and develop programs to extend the spectators' stay through a bundling approach, amplifying the activation of the local resources. This study combined the organizational perspective of strategic economic leverage and the profile of NRS, allowing a more comprehensive knowledge to create strategies consistent with the specificities of NRS' consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within Japan, Japanese hospitality or omotenashi is seen as distinct from 'western' hospitality, which is seen as a transactional service, focusing on the provision of food and beverages. Omotenashi, on the other hand, is based on the cultivation of a relationship between host and guest and an anticipation of needs. This article examines the role that volunteers played in delivering omotenashi and in co-creating a hospitable environment at the 2019 Rugby World Cup (RWC) in Japan. To welcome visitors, 13,000 volunteers were mobilized in host cities across the country, the highest number of volunteers in the history of the RWC. As a social event, the tournament offered many opportunities for interaction between the hosts and visitors, allowing for a co-created experience. Employing a walking methodology and participant–observation conducted within the event spaces, this article demonstrates how the engagement of the local communities through hosting, volunteering and direct interaction with visitors contributed to the co-creation of the event experience, and how omotenashi was embedded in the experiencescape. The research finds that although visitors were provided with a space in which their service needs were met, the hospitable environment was largely created through interactions between visitors and volunteers and between visitors and other visitors, both domestic and international. Significantly, volunteers displayed omotenashi, engaging with visitors in (fleeting) relationships, rather than as service providers, contributing to a clear sense of communitas and welcome that would not be found in typical transactional hospitality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Event tourism has become popular in recent decades, with an increasing number of tourists attending music festivals every year, attracted by various concerts in different international destinations. Given the magnitude these music festivals have reached, it is relevant to analyze the sustainability of such events. While most of the studies have focused on how this tourist movement affects environmental sustainability, in this article a deeper reflection is made, moving toward another dimension of sustainability: social sustainability. Three different surveys were carried out to analyze the social sustainability of a music event. A survey about the degree of acceptance from residents was used in the social sustainability analysis. A panel of experts measured the opinions about the social impact of the event. Finally, the assistants' survey included questions such as type of tourist, expenditure profile, and satisfaction. The attendance of tourists at a festival must maintain harmony with the destination and its inhabitants; in this relationship both parties should benefit. The residents of the destination expect to obtain an improvement in their standard of living thanks to what the tourists bring them, which through their socially sustainable behavior describes a model that generates prosperity. The model that represents social sustainability is the one that will be developed after confirming the hypotheses put forward from the perspective of the prosperity of the residents and the contribution of the tourists themselves to social sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is a part of qualitative and quantitative research in terms of practical purpose and terms of method. The analyses of the bibliometric section are related to the qualitative section and the neural network analyses are related to the quantitative section. The method of systematic bibliometric review was carried out with VOSviewer software and R programming language. Three main clusters were identified in the vocabulary co-occurrence analysis section, which include: (1) innovation in event tourism attractions (2) mental engagement towards event tourism destination attachment (3) event tourism experiences in social media. In the quantitative section, following the results of the TCM-ADO framework, neural network analyses were performed on the clusters to predict event tourism revisit intention. The results indicate that the variables of social media, experience, and tourist attractions, satisfaction, loyalty, attitudes, mental involvement and dependence on the place effect revisiting.

Event portfolios are a useful way for destination managers to holistically manage their community's collection of events and, through strategic integration and common objectives, more effectively produce benefits. However, regular sport events such as those played by professional sport teams in a sport league have received little attention from event portfolio managers and researchers. Understanding the value and utility of sport team event assets can inform the successful integration of these events into event portfolios. This research used qualitative methods to examine how team asset components can contribute to achieving event portfolio objectives. The results have significance for event tourism researchers and practitioners and demonstrate that contributions are largely founded on the focal professional sport league structure, which provides constant content and regular communications with key target markets. Analysis of the findings led to the development of a model on the utility of including team events in an event portfolio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sports and tourism are connected in various parts of economies, cultures, and nations. However, there has been a limited understanding of sports event tourism involving disabled athletes. This study explored the behavioral and socio-demographic implications of the disabled sports event tourism and investigated the motivational factors involved. An in-person survey was administered to 108 disabled athletes who attended the summer and winter Paralympics. A Structural Equation Model was used to determine the association between the factors of life satisfaction, emotional happiness, escapism, perceived value, and future intention, using the Monte Carlo parametric bootstrapping method to test significance of direct and indirect effects. Cronbach was acceptable because it exceeds 0.70 which satisfies the cut-off of confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the individual values of average variance extracted (AVE), were greater than 0.50 (0.72) which meets the requirement and the convergent validity of all the constructs. The results showed that life satisfaction had a significant direct effect on future intentions. Emotional happiness had a significant direct effect on the perceived value of an event. Escapism had significant direct effects on perceived value and future intentions. Perceived value significantly influenced future intentions. The relationship between emotional happiness and future intention was fully mediated by perceived value. However, the relationship between escapism and future intention was only partially mediated by perceived value. The results of this study are valuable for developing future management and marketing policies for disabled athletes and tourists to advance the existing sports event tourism and disabled athlete's behavior studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Authenticity and the quality of content are becoming progressively more distinguishing characteristics for affirming destinations. Globalization has promoted cultural exchange, and Japanese pop culture is an example. Due to its diverse elements that captivate different audiences, it has spread worldwide, causing fan movements, and influencing various events. This article examines the relationship between tourism, events, and Japanese pop culture, assessing the tourism potential of this trend and its effects on the destination and source. Through direct and participant observations at some of the most prominent events on this subject, questionnaires to participants from different nationalities, and interviews with Japanese pop culture event organizers, researchers in this field, enthusiastic participants, and other stakeholders, the optimal understanding of the relationship between this trend and events and tourism, still few explored, was achieved. It is disclosed that these events contribute significantly to the promotion of content tourism, the fostering of strong international relations, and the connection of cultures. The success of events conducted beyond one's home region is notably influenced by a multitude of continuous impacts and opportunities. These include the dynamic and social atmosphere of the events, which facilitates travel both within and between countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of storytelling is becoming increasingly widespread in the event and tourism industry. However, despite the growing popularity of the storytelling strategy, to date, limited research has examined how festival organizers effectively utilize this strategy. Consequently, this research aims (a) to examine whether storytelling influences visitors??? engagement and behavioral intention, (b) to investigate how such impacts differ according to when visitors hear the story (i.e., temporal distance), and (c) to explore whether gender moderates the impact of the storytelling format. Study 1 indicates that storytelling positively influences visitors??? engagement. The results also reveal that visitors show a significantly higher level of behavioral intention when they heard the festival story more than 3 months before the festival. Study 2 finds that women have higher engagement and intention to visit when storytelling is delivered in video rather than image format, while men exhibit no such difference in engagement and intention to visit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Marketing is a method that focuses on promoting companies' products and services. One of the main elements of promotion is the product or brand slogan. This study aimed to provide a bibliometric analysis of scientific documents on brand slogan research in event tourism. Methodology: This study used social network analysis to investigate co-authorship, co-occurrence of words, and cooperation coefficient. The research population consisted of studies of journals indexed in the Web Science database from 2006 to 2022, and 29 articles about brand slogans in tourism were selected as samples and analyzed using VOSviewer software. Findings: The results showed that research on brand slogans in tourism reached the highest level in 2017, and the United States did the most research in this area. The most frequently repeated words between 2014 and 2016 included destination brand, destination image, slogan, and marketing communications, and after 2016, the words "destination slogan" and "location identity" were repeated. Tourism slogans, logos, slogans, and products were the most frequent in 2020. Most citations were related to Lee's (2006) article. The differences between keywords before and after 2020 indicate the importance of slogan design and appropriate slogans for tourism brand marketing. Originality: It is suggested that tourism managers use the related slogan of their tourism brand to promote and market it. Also, the results of this research will help researchers to consider current issues in the field of event tourism in future studies and to identify authentic publications in the field of brand and tourism and use authentic articles to write their articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban marketing with culture-led urban development has a growing importance for contemporary cities. In a global competition, cities must stand out and attract tourism, investment, and cultural activities. Consequently, their image should be constantly improved. City branding provides strategies for enhancing a city's public image – thus, becoming more and more attractive. Events and festivals, like popular music festivals, offer valuable opportunities for promoting cities and boosting tourism. The aim of this research is to explore the potential of music festivals in building city image and integrating it into the broader branding processes. The results are based on semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire survey. The findings support the hypothesis that festivals can significantly raise destination awareness, and shape image, and through them, a wider audience can be reached. Festival uniqueness and appropriate venue choices facilitate seamless integration into the host city 's tourism – thus decision-makers should pay attention to this issue and facilitate coordination between stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sport management researchers have utilized the concept of brand image to understand sport consumers' experiences. However, this concept has rarely been applied in a participatory sport event context. In this study, we proposed a conceptual framework of event brand image for distance running events, and explored how international sport tourists' perceived event brand image generates event and destination loyalty. The data of the study were collected from international participants (N = 441) of 36th Reykjavik Marathon in 2019. Of the respondents, 52.6% were male, 73.3% aged between 30 and 59 years old, and 84.6% held a bachelor's degree or higher. Most of the respondents (91.2%) came from Europe and North America. A behavioral profile revealed that 48.4% of respondents ran the full marathon, 36.3% the half marathon, 13.9% the 10 km, and 1.5% the 3 km. The results indicate that three attributes (i.e. course, organization, and atmosphere) and two benefits (i.e. achievement and escape) were positively associated with participants' event attitude. Event attitude was directly positively associated with event loyalty, destination image, and destination loyalty. Finally, destination image mediated the relationships between event attitude and event loyalty, and between event attitude and destination loyalty. This study contributes to the literature by applying a conceptual framework of brand image in a participatory sport event context, and identifying the mediating role of the destination image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Watching sport events at tourist destinations is an appealing attraction for tourists because it generates excitement and direct understanding of the event, as well as the destination. Thus, a good event image can motivate people to re-attend sport events, make priority choices among similar games and even attach their personal feelings to the events. However, few researchers have explored the factors affecting sport event images and its consequential effects, particularly in the post-pandemic era. In the current study, 417 valid questionnaires were collected by convenience sampling during the 68th Macao Grand Prix, and analysed by structural modelling, via SPSS23 and AMOS26. The results showed that travel motivation, tourist-resident interaction and event quality are all important factors that positively influence the event image, with event quality having the most significant effect. Subsequently, event images positively affect event attachment and loyalty. Considering that the continued coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic travel risk still exist, it was incorporated as a moderator, which revealed that it negatively moderated the relations between event images, attachment and loyalty. This study supplements theoretical defects in sport event tourism by enriching the causes and effects of event images, and provides practical suggestions for sport event policymakers, planners and tourism managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the significance of user-generated content in tourism events and its impact on engagement. The study utilizes questionnaires and analysis of conversations on Twitter during the "Fira d'Onda" festivities in Spain to investigate this relationship. The findings reveal a strong correlation between engagement and user-generated content, with positive feedback being shared online. The article emphasizes the importance of social media in tourism marketing and suggests the need for additional research in this field. [Extracted from the article]