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The adder circuit is basic component of arithmetic logic design and that is the most important block of processor architecture. Moreover, power consumption is the main concern for real-time digital systems. In recent times, carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFET) used for arithmetic circuit designs with high performance. A creative substitute for highspeed, less power, and small size in area designs is the CNTFET. This paper presents 1- bit full adder with CNTFETs for low power and high performance. Using the computer aided design (CAD) tool the proposed 1-bit full adder design model is simulated using 32 nm with CNTFET technology, a voltage supply of +0.9V. Performance comparisons between various proposed designs and existing 1-bit full adder design have been made in terms of the delay, power, and power delay product (PDP). The proposed CNFET logic also design for n-bit carry look adder (CLA) and compare it to other CLAs to evaluate performance and reliability. The simulation results shows that the proposed adder consume less power than existing adders.

6G and beyond networks will merge communication and computation capabilities in order to adapt to changes. As they will consist of many sensors gathering information from its environment, new schemes for managing these large amounts of data are needed. For this purpose, we review Over the Air (OTA) computing in the context of estimation and detection. For distributed scenarios, such as a Wireless Sensor Network, it has been proven that a separation theorem does not necessarily hold, whereas analog schemes may outperform digital designs. We outline existing gaps in the literature, evincing that current state of the art requires a theoretical framework based on analog and hybrid digital-analog schemes that will boost the evolution of OTA computing. Furthermore, we motivate the development of 3D networks based on OTA schemes, where satellites function as sensors. We discuss its integration within the satellite segment, delineate current challenges and present a variety of use cases that benefit from OTA computing in 3D networks. © 2022 IEEE.

Smartphones have become the predominant way many students interact online, and mobile apps offer an ideal way to engage this audience. The Catrobat apps are used in this area, particularly for creating apps and thus teaching basic programming skills. During the «Code’n’Stitch» project, the apps have been extended with the creation of patterns, geometric, and artistic textile designs, as well as the programming of traditional embroidery machines. In this way, students not only learn programming, but they can also show the results of their code in a tangible way, embroidered on their shirts or bags. To take the idea of «Making» further, a combination with a sewing machine is possible: Fabrics can first be embroidered with programmed designs and then sewn into «cherry pit pillows». This idea was successfully integrated for the «Maker Days for Kids» event at Graz University of Technology in 2019 and 2020., +repphzhbib2021F

Digital designs – that is, designs for display on electronic screens – have recently burst onto the intellectual property (IP) stage. While in the U.S. a smattering of legal studies have recently addressed the question of digital design as a copyright -, rademark - and patent - eligible subject matter, a European perspective is still lacking in the literature. This study provides an overview of basic legal background to the protection of digital designs in Europe, explores firms’ actual digital design protection behaviors, and highlights some important practical and doctrinal issues that warrant further study.

The delay distribution of a digital circuit path is crucial for the early reliability evaluation of a digital design. As transistors are shrunk to unprecedented dimensions, accurate yet fast estimation of such distributions remains a valid goal. Such distributions may not be provided or are delivered in a heavily abstracted fashion to designers, which reduces the insight into design dependability. In view of the above observations, we propose a technique that approximates the probability density function of a path of digital circuits by exending a well-known computational kernel, namely the Most Probable Failure Point (MPFP) technique. The output of this concept is the failure probability of standard cells or paths there of for various target delays. We reformulate MPFP and establish a concise methodology for delay distribution approximation. We present simulations for an inverter and outline projections for more complex gates. Copyright © 2016 for the individual papers by the papers' authors. 1566 13 16 Sponsors: Cross-Layer Early Reliability Evaluation for the Computing Continuum (CLERECO) Modelling Reliability under Variability (MORV) Conference code: 119954

Guided by the digital design concepts, we synthesized a two-module molecular demultiplexer (DEMUX) where the output is switched between emission at near IR, and cytotoxic singlet oxygen, with light at 625 nm as the input (I), and acid as the control (c). In the neutral form, the compound fluoresces brightly under excitation at 625 nm, however, acid addition moves the absorption bands of the two modules in opposite directions, resulting in an effective reversal of excitation energy transfer direction, with a concomitant upsurge of singlet oxygen generation and decrease in emission intensity. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.

Flexible manufacturing technologies are supporting the routine production of components with freeform surfaces in a wide variety of materials and surface finishes. Such surfaces may be exploited for both aesthetic and performance criteria for a wide range of industries, for example automotive, aircraft, small consumer goods and medial components. In order to ensure conformance between manufactured part and digital design it is necessary to understand, validate and promote best practice of the available measurement technologies. Similar, but currently less quantifiable, measurement requirements also exist in heritage, museum and fine art recording where objects can be individually hand crafted to extremely fine levels of detail. Optical 3D measurement systems designed for close range applications are typified by one or more illumination sources projecting a spot, line or structured light pattern onto a surface or surfaces of interest. Reflections from the projected light are detected in one or more imaging devices and measurements made concerning the location, intensity and optionally colour of the image. Coordinates of locations on the surface may be computed either directly from an understanding of the illumination and imaging geometry or indirectly through analysis of the spatial frequencies of the projected pattern. Regardless of sensing configuration some independent means is necessary to ensure that measurement capability will meet the requirements of a given level of object recording and is consistent for variations in surface properties and structure. As technologies mature, guidelines for best practice are emerging, most prominent at the current time being the German VDI/VDE 2634 and ISO/DIS 10360-8 guidelines. This considers state of the art capabilities for independent validation of optical non-contact measurement systems suited to the close range measurement of table top sized manufactured or crafted objects. © 2011 Copyright Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)., Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications XI, May 25-26, 2011, Munich, Germany, Series: Proceedings of SPIE; no. 8085

Remarkably versatile chemistry of Bodipy dyes allows the design and straightforward synthesis of multivalent-multitopic derivatives, which, with judicious selection of metal ion-ligand pairs based on known affinities, affords control and manipulation of photoinduced electron transfer and internal charge transfer processes as desired. We have demonstrated that metal ions acting as modulators (or inputs, in digital design parlance) can generate absorbance changes in accordance with the operation of a half-adder. In addition, an AND logic gate in the emission mode was delivered using a different binucleating arrangement of ligands. A molecular equivalent of a three-input AND logic gate was also obtained exploiting differential binding affinities of metal ions for different ligands. The results suggest that different metal ions can be used as nonannihilating inputs, selectively targeting various ligands incorporated within a single fluorophore, and with careful design, diverse photophysical processes can be selectively modulated, resulting in a range of signals, useful in molecular logic design, and offering an enticing potential for multianalyte chemosensors.

This paper investigates the interactions between design students' cognitive styles, as measured by Riding's Cognitive Styles Analysis, and performance in 2D drafting and design tasks in digital media. An empirical research revealed that Imager students outperformed Verbalisers in both drafting and creativity scores. Wholist-Analytic cognitive style dimension was found to be independent from drafting and design performance. The study suggests that examining the cognitive styles of students in Computer Aided Design (CAD) education deserves further attention and may facilitate for improvements in learning processes. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.