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6. The latest and greatest in myopia control

Author

Cho, Pauline

Subjects
Contact lenses, Lasers in surgery, Myopia, Lasers in medicine, Health
Abstract

Myopia is constantly evolving, and this update focuses on comparing effectiveness of myopia control using different treatment methods, improving the level of control using orthokeratology (ortho-k), repeated low-density red light [...]

Published
2024

15. Anisomyopia and orthokeratology for myopia control – Axial elongation and relative peripheral refraction.

Author

Wang, Jianglan, Cheung, Sin Wan, Bian, Siyu, Wang, Xingyu, Liu, Longqian, and Cho, Pauline

Subjects
HYPEROPIA, MYOPIA, ORTHOKERATOLOGY
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate axial elongation (AE) and changes in relative peripheral refraction (RPR) in anisomyopic children undergoing orthokeratology (ortho‐k). Methods: Bilateral anisomyopic children, 7–12 years of age, were treated with ortho‐k. Axial length (AL) and RPR, from 30° nasal (N30°) to 30° temporal (T30°), were measured at baseline and every 6 months over the study period. AE, changes in RPR and changes in the interocular AL difference were determined over time. Results: Twenty‐six of the 33 subjects completed the 2‐year study. The AE of the higher myopic (HM) eyes (at least 1.50 D more myopia than the other eye) (0.26 ± 0.29 mm) was significantly smaller than for the less myopic (LM) eyes (0.50 ± 0.27 mm; p = 0.003), leading to a reduction in the interocular difference in AL (p = 0.001). Baseline RPR measurements in the HM eyes were relatively more hyperopic at T30°, N20° and N30° (p ≤ 0.02) and greater myopic shifts were observed at T20° (p < 0.001), T30° (p < 0.001), N20° (p = 0.02) and N30° (p = 0.01) after lens wear. After 2 years of ortho‐k lens wear, temporal–nasal asymmetry increased significantly, being more myopic at the temporal locations in both eyes (p < 0.001), while AE was associated with the change in RPR at N20° (β = 0.134, p = 0.01). The interocular difference in AE was also positively associated with the interocular difference in RPR change at N30° (β = 0.111, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Ortho‐k slowed AE in bilateral anisomyopia, with slower growth in the HM eyes leading to a reduction in interocular AL differences. After ortho‐k, RPR changed from hyperopia to myopia, with greater changes induced in the HM eyes, and slower AE was associated with a more myopic shift in RPR, especially in the nasal field of both eyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Opportunities and threats to contact lens practice: A global survey perspective

Author

Thite, Nilesh, Desiato, Alfredo, Shinde, Lakshmi, Wolffsohn, James S., Naroo, Shehzad A., Santodomingo-Rubido, Jacinto, Cho, Pauline, Jones, Debbie, Villa-Collar, César, Carrillo, Guillermo, Chan, Osbert, Wang, Haiying, Iomdina, Elena, Tarutta, Elena, Proskurina, Olga, Fan, Chi Shing, Zeri, Fabrizio, Bakkar, May M., Barodawala, Fakhruddin, Dabral, Neeraj, Lafosse, Edouard, Lee, Cheni, Nichols, Jason, Chan, Jack, Park, Kyounghee, Nair, Vishakh, van der Worp, Eef, Vankudre, Gopi, Maseedupalli, Vinod, Bhattarai, Yashaswee, Nagzarkar, Dimple, Brauer, Peter, and Gil-Cazorla, Raquel

Published
2021
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22. BCLA CLEAR - Orthokeratology

Author

Vincent, Stephen J., Cho, Pauline, Chan, Ka Yin, Fadel, Daddi, Ghorbani-Mojarrad, Neema, González-Méijome, José M., Johnson, Leah, Kang, Pauline, Michaud, Langis, Simard, Patrick, and Jones, Lyndon

Published
2021
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26. Global trends in myopia management attitudes and strategies in clinical practice – 2019 Update

Author

Wolffsohn, James S, Calossi, Antonio, Cho, Pauline, Gifford, Kate, Jones, Lyndon, Jones, Deborah, Guthrie, Sarah, Li, Ming, Lipener, Cesar, Logan, Nicola S, Malet, Florence, Peixoto-de-Matos, Sofia C., González-Méijome, José M., Nichols, Jason J, Orr, Janis B, Santodomingo-Rubido, Jacinto, Schaefer, Tania, Thite, Nilesh, van der Worp, Eef, Tarutta, Elena, Iomdina, Elena, Ali, Bariah Mohd, Villa-Collar, César, Abesamis-Dichoso, Carmen, Chen, Connie, Pult, Heiko, Blaser, Pascal, Parra Sandra Johanna, Garzon, Iqbal, Fatima, Ramos, Raul, Carrillo Orihuela, Guillermo, and Boychev, Nikolay

Published
2020
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28. Role of waveform signal parameters in the classification of children as relatively slow and fast myopia progressors.

Author

Wan, Kin, Wolffsohn, James Stuart, and Cho, Pauline

Subjects
SIGNAL classification, MYOPIA, LOGISTIC regression analysis, REGRESSION trees, REGRESSION analysis, CONTACT lens fitting, PHOTOREFRACTIVE keratectomy
Abstract

Identification of the baseline chracteristics for children undergoing orthokeratology with relatively fast myopia progression can allow a more accurate determination of the risk/benefit ratio. This study aimed to investigate if baseline corneal biomechanics can classify relatively slow and fast myopia progression in children. Children aged six to 12 years with low myopia (0.50 to 4.00 D) and astigmatism (less than or equal to 1.25 D), were recruited. Participants were randomised to be fitted with orthokeratology contact lenses with a conventional compression factor (0.75 D, n = 29) or an increased compression factor (1.75 D, n = 33). Relatively fast progressors were defined as participants who had axial elongation of 0.34 mm or above per 2 years. A binomial logistic regression analysis and a classification and regression tree model were used in the data analysis. The corneal biomechanics were measured with a bidirectional applanation device. The axial length was measured by a masked examiner. As there were no significant between-group differences in the baseline data (all p > 0.05), data were combined for analysis. The mean ± SD axial elongation for relatively slow (n = 27) and fast (n = 35) progressors were 0.18 ± 0.14 mm and 0.64 ± 0.23 mm per 2 years, respectively. The area under the curve (p2area1) was significantly higher in relatively fast progressors (p = 0.018). The binomial logistic regression and classification and regression tree model analysis showed that baseline age and p2area1 could differentiate between slow and fast progressors over 2 years. Corneal biomechanics could be a potential predictor of axial elongation in orthokeratology contact lens-wearing children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Contributors

Author

Anand, Vijay, primary, Atkinson, Kerry, additional, Bennett, Edward S., additional, Bergmanson, Jan P.G., additional, Bowden, Tim, additional, Cagnolati, Wolfgang, additional, Carnt, Nicole, additional, Caroline, Patrick J., additional, Cho, Pauline, additional, Clamp, John H., additional, Craig, Jennifer P., additional, Curtis, Michael, additional, Diec, Jennie, additional, Downie, Laura E., additional, Dumbleton, Kathy, additional, Eperjesi, Frank, additional, Fonn, Desmond, additional, Gilmartin, Bernard, additional, Hough, Tony, additional, Hoy, Lachlan, additional, Hui, Alex, additional, Jalbert, Isabelle, additional, Jones, Lyndon, additional, Lamb, Jaqueline, additional, Lindsay, Richard G., additional, Logan, Nicola S., additional, Mann, Aisling M., additional, McMahon, Jennifer, additional, McMonnies, Charles W., additional, Mihailidis, Michael, additional, Morris, Judith, additional, Mountford, John, additional, Newman, Stephen D., additional, Papas, Eric B., additional, Phillips, Anthony J., additional, Pullum, Kenneth W., additional, Rabbetts, Ronald, additional, Speedwell, Lynne, additional, Stapleton, Fiona, additional, Swarbrick, Helen A., additional, Sweeney, Deborah F., additional, Terry, Robert, additional, Tighe, Brian J., additional, Tromans, Cindy, additional, Vojlay, Richard, additional, Walker, Maria K., additional, Watters, Grant, additional, Williams, Lewis, additional, Wolffsohn, James S., additional, and Young, Graeme, additional

Published
2019
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35. IMI 2023 Digest

Author

Sankaridurg, Padmaja, primary, Berntsen, David A., additional, Bullimore, Mark A., additional, Cho, Pauline, additional, Flitcroft, Ian, additional, Gawne, Timothy J., additional, Gifford, Kate L., additional, Jong, Monica, additional, Kang, Pauline, additional, Ostrin, Lisa A., additional, Santodomingo-Rubido, Jacinto, additional, Wildsoet, Christine, additional, and Wolffsohn, James S., additional

Published
2023
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36. IMI 2023 Digest

Author

Sankaridurg, Padmaja, Berntsen, David A, Bullimore, Mark A, Cho, Pauline, Flitcroft, Ian, Gawne, Timothy J, Gifford, Kate L, Jong, Monica, Kang, Pauline, Ostrin, Lisa A, Santodomingo-Rubido, Jacinto, Wildsoet, Christine, Wolffsohn, James S, Sankaridurg, Padmaja, Berntsen, David A, Bullimore, Mark A, Cho, Pauline, Flitcroft, Ian, Gawne, Timothy J, Gifford, Kate L, Jong, Monica, Kang, Pauline, Ostrin, Lisa A, Santodomingo-Rubido, Jacinto, Wildsoet, Christine, and Wolffsohn, James S

Abstract

Myopia is a dynamic and rapidly moving field, with ongoing research providing a better understanding of the etiology leading to novel myopia control strategies. In 2019, the International Myopia Institute (IMI) assembled and published a series of white papers across relevant topics and updated the evidence with a digest in 2021. Here, we summarize findings across key topics from the previous 2 years. Studies in animal models have continued to explore how wavelength and intensity of light influence eye growth and have examined new pharmacologic agents and scleral cross-linking as potential strategies for slowing myopia. In children, the term premyopia is gaining interest with increased attention to early implementation of myopia control. Most studies use the IMI definitions of ≤-0.5 diopters (D) for myopia and ≤-6.0 D for high myopia, although categorization and definitions for structural consequences of high myopia remain an issue. Clinical trials have demonstrated that newer spectacle lens designs incorporating multiple segments, lenslets, or diffusion optics exhibit good efficacy. Clinical considerations and factors influencing efficacy for soft multifocal contact lenses and orthokeratology are discussed. Topical atropine remains the only widely accessible pharmacologic treatment. Rebound observed with higher concentration of atropine is not evident with lower concentrations or optical interventions. Overall, myopia control treatments show little adverse effect on visual function and appear generally safe, with longer wear times and combination therapies maximizing outcomes. An emerging category of light-based therapies for children requires comprehensive safety data to enable risk versus benefit analysis. Given the success of myopia control strategies, the ethics of including a control arm in clinical trials is heavily debated. IMI recommendations for clinical trial protocols are discussed.

Published
2023

37. Role of waveform signal parameters in the classification of children as relatively slow and fast myopia progressors

Author

Wan, Kin, Wolffsohn, James Stuart, Cho, Pauline, Wan, Kin, Wolffsohn, James Stuart, and Cho, Pauline

Abstract

Clinical Relevance: Identification of the baseline characteristics for children undergoing orthokeratology with relatively fast myopia progression can allow a more accurate determination of the risk/benefit ratio. Background: This study aimed to investigate if baseline corneal biomechanics can classify relatively slow and fast myopia progression in children. Methods: Children aged six to 12 years with low myopia (0.50 to 4.00 D) and astigmatism (less than or equal to 1.25 D), were recruited. Participants were randomised to be fitted with ortho-k lenses of different compression factors [0.75 D (OK-CCF) n=29 or 1.75 D (OK-ICF) n=33]. Relatively fast progressors were defined as participants who had axial elongation (AE) of 0.34 mm or above per two years. A binomial logistic regression analysis and a classification and regression tree (CART) model were used in the data analysis. The corneal biomechanics were measured with a bidirectional applanation device. Axial length was measured by a masked examiner. Results: As there were no significant between-group differences in baseline data (all p > 0.05), data were combined for analysis. The mean ± SD AE for relatively slow (n=27) and fast (n=35) progressors were 0.18 ± 0.14 mm and 0.64 ± 0.23 mm per two years, respectively. p2area1 was significantly higher in relatively fast progressors (p = 0.018). The binomial logistic regression and CART analysis showed baseline age and p2area1 could differentiate slow and fast progressors over two years. Conclusions: Corneal biomechanics could be a potential predictor of AE in ortho-k lens wearing children. A further investigation with a larger sample size is warranted to confirm the applicability of the finding.

Published
2023

43. Additional file 1 of Optical changes and association with axial elongation in children wearing orthokeratology lenses of different back optic zone diameter

Author

Guo, Biyue, Cho, Pauline, Cheung, Sin Wan, Kojima, Randy, and Vincent, Stephen

Abstract

Additional file 1. Statistically significant fixed effects and estimates (β) of influences on changes of ocular aberrations using pooled data (independent valuables included in each model; baseline age, SER, sex, pupil diameter, corresponding HOAs or LOAs terms, and horizontal TZ diameter) (previously published in PhD thesis).

Published
2023
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44. Additional file 2 of Optical changes and association with axial elongation in children wearing orthokeratology lenses of different back optic zone diameter

Author

Guo, Biyue, Cho, Pauline, Cheung, Sin Wan, Kojima, Randy, and Vincent, Stephen

Abstract

Additional file 2. Statistically significant fixed effects and estimates (β) of influences on axial length using pooled data, and data from the 5-MM and 6-MM groups (previously published in PhD thesis).

Published
2023
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45. Differences in Practitioner Experience, Practice Type, and Profession in Attitudes Toward Growing Contact Lens Practice

Author

Thite, Nilesh, primary, Desiato, Alfredo, additional, Shinde, Lakshmi, additional, Wolffsohm, James S, additional, Naroo, Shehzad A., additional, Santodomingo Rubido, Jacinto, additional, Cho, Pauline, additional, Jones, Debbie, additional, Villa-Collar, Cesar, additional, Carrillo, Guillermo, additional, Chan, Osbert, additional, Wang, Haiying, additional, Iomdina, Elena, additional, Tarutta, Elena, additional, Proskurina, Olga, additional, Fan, Chi Shing, additional, Zeri, Fabrizio, additional, Bakkar, May M., additional, Barodawala, Fakhruddin, additional, Dabral, Neeraj, additional, Lafosse, Edouard, additional, Lee, Cheni, additional, Nichols, Jason, additional, Chan, Jack, additional, Park, Kyounghee, additional, Nair, Vishakh, additional, van der Worp, Eef, additional, Vankudre, Gopi, additional, Maseedupally, Vinod, additional, Bhattarai, Yashaswee, additional, Nagzarkar, Dimple, additional, Brauer, Peter, additional, and Gil-Cazorla, Raquel, additional

Published
2022
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